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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-烏蘭察布職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThoughonemayquestionthedegreetowhichtheCivilWarrepresentsamilestoneinwomen’spursuitofsocial,economic,andpoliticalequality,Leonard’srecentstudyhasexcelledthatofherpredecessorGinzbergindebunkingpersistentmythsaboutwomen’sprimaryrelationtothewarasweepingwidows,self-sacrificingwives,patrioticfiancees,andloyaldaughters.Leonardasksifthewartimeworkofnorthernwomeninfluencedpopularperceptionsofwomen’sabilities,andifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers.Findingintheaffirmative,shearguesthathomefrontactivitiesgeneratedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen,whileparticipationreinforcedtheirself-relianceandself-esteem.

Incontrasttoherpredecessors,whosawthewarastransformingtheideologyofbenevolence,Leonardfindsthatwomen’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.Itwasoncebelievedthatwartimebenevolenceheightenedchangesemerginginthe1850sbyreplacingtheantebellumideologyofgenderdifferenceandfemalemoralsuperioritywithanewideologyofgendersimilarityandamoremasculineethosofdisciplineandefficiency.Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.

AweakpointofLeonard’stheoryisherassessmentofthethemesofpostwarhistoriesofwomen’swartimeservice.Leonardviewstheseworksasextollingwomen’sself-sacrificeandabilitytocooperatemenwhiledownplayingwomen’sdemandsforstatusandpayandignoringthescopeofwomen’sadministrativegenius.Butothertheorists,mostnotablyGinzbergthavearguedthatthesesameworksmayalsobeviewedaspraisingtheefficiencyofthenewcentralizedandnationalcharitableorganizations,women’swage-earningcapacity,andtheirsubordinationoffemininefeelingandenthusiasmtobusiness-likeandwar-likeroutinizationandorder.Twosetsofvalues—oldernotionsofbenevolenceandnewdemandsofpublicservice—wereatwarintheNorth,awarthatcanbeplottedthroughtensionsaboutpayingwages,centralizingcorporatefunctionsofbenevolence,relatingbenevolencetogovernment,andusingfundsforadministrative—asopposedtostrictlycharitable—purposes.Itmaywellbethatwartimemasculinizationoftheideologyofbenevolencepushedwomenfurtherfromboththesymbolicandtherealcentersofpowerforsocialchangeandhastenedinsteadaclass-basedallianceforsocialwelfare.ButwecanagreewithLeonardthatthewarforcedmentoyieldground,sharingandsometimesevensurrenderingterritory,power,andstatusinthepublicrealm.

25.WhichoftheFollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

26.Accordingtothepassage,Leonardassertsthatwomen’sactivitiesduringtheCivilWarhadallofthefollowingpositiveeffectsEXCEPT

27.Itcanbeinferred-fromthepassagethatLeonardwouldagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofwomenduringtheCivilWar?

I.Antebellumvalueswereexpanded,notreplaced,inordertodevelopnewdefinitionsofwomanhood.

II.Historianshavepaidinsufficientattentiontodemandsforhigherstatuswomenmadeduringthewar.

III.Onthewhole,thewarwasdetrimentaltotheperceptionofwomen.

28.ItcanbeinferredthatLeonardwouldmostlikelyconsiderwhichofthefollowinghypotheticalcasesofCivilWarwomentheLEASTsupportiveofherthesis?

29.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

30.WithwhichofthefollowingcriticismsofLeonard'stheorywouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheInfluenceofElizabethLeonardonHistoriansofFeminismintheCivilWar

B.Leonard’sExplanationofHowtheCivilWarImprovedthePlightofWomen

C.FeminismintheCivilWar:NewControversyAboutanOldSubject

D.TheHeritageofBenevolence:TheCivilWar’sContributiontoWomen'sCharitableOrganizations

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerepraisedasaidingthewarcause.

B.Theyimprovedwomen'seconomicsituation.

C.Theywereconsideredproofofwomen’sabilitiestoorganizethemselves.

D.Theycreatednewoccupationalopportunitiesforwomen.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Awidowwhopatrioticallyrefusedtoremarry,evenafterhersoldierhusbandwaskilledinbattle

B.Awomanwhoshiftedfromworkingasaseamstresstorunninganarmyuniformfactory

C.AwomanwhodressedasaSouthernsoldierinordertocrossenemylinesasaspy

D.Awomanwhoestablishedacharityinordertocollectmoneyforprosthesesforwaramputees

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthorcomparesandcontraststheworkofseveralhistoriansandthendiscussesareasforpossiblenewresearch.

B.Theauthorpresentshisthesis,drawsontheworkofseveralhistoriansforevidencetosupporthisthesis,andconcludesbyreiteratinghisthesis,

C.Theauthordescribessomefeaturesofahistoricalstudyandthenusesthosefeaturestoputforthhisownargument

D.Theauthorpresentsthegeneralargumentofahistoricalstudy,describesthestudyinmoredetail,andconcludeswithabriefjudgmentofthestudy’svalue

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Itlaystoomuchimportanceupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.

B.Itfailstoacknowledgethatmasculinizationofwar-timeeffortsmayhavebeendetrimentaltothefeministcause.

C.Ittendstooveremphasizetheroleofwomeninshiftingtheirstatusoverthecourseofthewar.

D.Itbasesitsthesistooexclusivelyonwhite,Yankee,middle-classwomen,ignoringeveryothersocialandracialclass.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:A

【解析】25.主旨大意題。通讀全文,可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者全文探討的重點(diǎn)是對(duì)于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)給女性(女權(quán))帶來的影響,作者及其前輩研究者持有不同的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“CivilWar”“women”“othertheorists…argue…”即可得出本題答案。

26.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段,根據(jù)信息點(diǎn)“ifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers(是否后方生產(chǎn)被認(rèn)為有助于提高士兵的戰(zhàn)備)”“generatedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen(尊重婦女的組織才能,為婦女創(chuàng)造新的工作機(jī)會(huì))”,即可得出A、C、D三項(xiàng)符合原文,而選項(xiàng)B原文并未提及,從而得出本題答案。

試題答案B

27.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段第三句和第四句,“Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.”從而可判斷I與原文相符。而II、III明顯與原文不符,從而得出本題答案。

28.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。注意題干關(guān)鍵詞“theleastsupportive”,根據(jù)原文信息點(diǎn)“charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhood”“expandtheboundaries”“broughtforthpositivechanges”即可得出本題答案。

29.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析題。通讀全文后即可發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)D最為吻合作者的行文結(jié)構(gòu)。從而得出本題答案。

30.

事實(shí)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段信息點(diǎn)“women’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.(婦女戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)工作在很大程度上借鑒了戰(zhàn)前婦女的性質(zhì)和范圍的意識(shí)形態(tài)。)”即可進(jìn)行合理推斷。從而得出本題答案。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

“Nomanisanisland,”wrotethepoetJohnDonneseveralcenturiesago.Hewasacknowledgingoneofourmost(1)characteristics:thefactthatwearesocialanimalswhosebehaviorandpersonalitiesare(2)bythegroupstowhichwebelong.

Throughoutlife,mostofourdailyactivities(3)inthecompanyofothers.Whetherourpurposeisworking,playing,raisingafamily,learning,orsimplyrelaxing.Weusually(4)itingroupsevenifthegroupisassmallastwoorthreepeople.Ourneedforhumancontactsisnotmerelyapracticalone;itisadeeppsychologicalneedaswell.Ifpeopleare(5)ofthecompanyofothersfor(6)periods,mentalbreakdownistheusualresult.EventheGenevaConvention,aninternationalagreementthat(7)thetreatmentofprisonersofwar,recognizesthisneed.Itregards(8)imprisonmentformorethanthirtydaysasacruelformoftorture.

Initsstrictestsense,agroupisacollectionofpeople(9)togetherinanorderlywayonthebasisofsharedexpectationaboutoneanother’sbehavior.Asaresultofthisinteraction,membersfeelacommonsenseof“belonging.”They(10)membersfrommembersandexpectcertainkindsofbehaviorfromoutsiders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.odd

B.distinctive

C.explicit

D.obvious

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.shaped

B.distinguished

C.identified

D.justified

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.designed

B.undertaked

C.assigned

D.performed

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.reach

B.complete

C.pursue

D.accomplish

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.deprived

C.relieved

D.informed

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.continuous

B.noticeable

C.dramatic

D.prolonged

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.regulates

B.prescribes

C.rectifies

D.demonstrates

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.harsh

B.severe

C.solitary

D.remote

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.living

B.interacting

C.communicating

D.putting

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.distinguish

B.isolate

C.separate

D.recognize

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】第1題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)odd“奇怪的”,B項(xiàng)distinctive“獨(dú)特的,有特色的;與眾不同的”,C項(xiàng)explicit“直率的,清楚的,明確的”,D項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的,顯而易見的”,文中是說John是一個(gè)什么樣的人,根據(jù)后文他闡述了人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物,我們的行為和個(gè)性受我們所屬的群體影響,因此可以看出他對(duì)人類是有做出貢獻(xiàn)的,因此答案為B,“mostdistinctivecharacteristics”最杰出的人。

第2題:本題考查了詞組的含義。A項(xiàng)beshapedby“受……影響”,B項(xiàng)bedistinguishedby“以……為特征”,C項(xiàng)beidentifiedby“被識(shí)別,被確定”,D項(xiàng)bejustifiedby“以……為依據(jù)”,根據(jù)上文的人類是社會(huì)性動(dòng)物以及常識(shí)可以得出,這一空表達(dá)的是人類的行為是受他所屬的群體所影響,其余選項(xiàng)代入不符合文意,答案為A。

第3題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)designed“設(shè)計(jì)”,B項(xiàng)undertake“承擔(dān),保證”,C項(xiàng)assigned“分配”,D項(xiàng)performed“進(jìn)行,表演”,根據(jù)句意我們可知,本句意思應(yīng)當(dāng)為:在我們的一生中,我們大部分的日?;顒?dòng)都是在他人的陪伴下進(jìn)行的,其余答案都太過牽強(qiáng),答案為D。

第4題:本題考查了詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)reach“達(dá)到”,B項(xiàng)complete“完成,達(dá)成”,C項(xiàng)pursue“追求,從事”,一般指對(duì)人生價(jià)值和目標(biāo)的追求,D項(xiàng)accomplish“完成,實(shí)現(xiàn),達(dá)到”,題干的含義就是我們通常都是在一個(gè)組別里進(jìn)行我們的所有活動(dòng),哪怕我們的小組只有兩三個(gè)人,因此答案為C。

第5題:本題考查了考生對(duì)于詞語含義的掌握。A項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān),關(guān)心”,B項(xiàng)deprived“喪失,剝奪”,C項(xiàng)relived“減輕,消除”,D項(xiàng)informed“知道,使了解”,根據(jù)上文我們可以看出,本文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人不能獨(dú)自生活著,沒有人是一座孤島,我們都在社群中進(jìn)行我們的活動(dòng),因此,本句話的句意為如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴,通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰,答案為B。

第6題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)continuous“持續(xù)的”,B項(xiàng)noticeable“顯而易見的,顯著的”,C項(xiàng)dramtic“巨大的,急劇的,引人注目的”,D項(xiàng)prolonged“持續(xù)很久的,長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的”,句子的意思應(yīng)該是如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴,通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰,因?yàn)槠渌倪x項(xiàng)代入都不通順且不合常理,因此答案為D。

第7題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)regulates“調(diào)節(jié),規(guī)定”,B項(xiàng)prescribes“開處方,規(guī)定”,C項(xiàng)rectifies“改正”,D項(xiàng)demonsrates“證明,展示,論證”,從句意我們不難看出文章想表達(dá)的是,《日內(nèi)瓦公約》也規(guī)定承認(rèn)這一需要,A、B從句意來看都對(duì),但是B項(xiàng)的規(guī)定沒有A項(xiàng)那么正式,因此答案為A更符合用語習(xí)慣。

第8題:本題考查了詞義。A項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的,嚴(yán)酷的,刺耳的”,B項(xiàng)severe“嚴(yán)峻的,嚴(yán)厲的,劇烈的”,C項(xiàng)solitary“孤獨(dú)的,隱居的”,D項(xiàng)remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的,偏僻的”,結(jié)合上下文,前文是在講如果人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有別人陪伴,通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神崩潰,因此這一空按照邏輯也應(yīng)該與上文相匹配,因此答案為C,整個(gè)句子的意思是“它認(rèn)為30天以上的單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁是一種殘忍的酷刑”。

第9題:本題考查上下文的掌握和詞義。A項(xiàng)living“生活,居住”,B項(xiàng)interacting“互相影響,相互作用”,C項(xiàng)communicating“交流”,D項(xiàng)putting“放置”,這一空的解題關(guān)鍵在后文,下一句中講到,“Asaresultofthisinteraction”,這一句話中的interaction提示了我們前一空的答案與之相呼應(yīng)的是B項(xiàng),意為:從最嚴(yán)格的意義上說,群體就是一群人的集合,他們按井然有序的方式在一起互動(dòng),并對(duì)彼此的行為抱有共同的期望。

第10題:本題考查的是詞義的辨析。A項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)分,辨別”,B項(xiàng)isolate“隔離,孤立”,C項(xiàng)separate“分離,使分開”,D項(xiàng)recognize“分診,認(rèn)得”,本題考查詞義,從整個(gè)句子來看,我們不難猜測(cè)出,這一句的意思應(yīng)該是:他們把成員和非成員區(qū)分開來,因此答案為A,distinguishfrom“區(qū)分,辨別”。

3.單選題

Youhaveyourchoiceofthree______oficecream.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.varieties

B.tops

C.respects

D.decks

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)varieties“(同一事物的)不同種類;品種”;B選項(xiàng)tops“頂端;表面”;C選項(xiàng)respects“(事物的)方面,細(xì)節(jié)”;D選項(xiàng)decks“(船或公共汽車的)一層”。句意:你有三______冰淇淋供你選擇。根據(jù)語境,這里指的是有三種不同的冰淇淋,A選項(xiàng)varieties“(同一事物的)不同種類”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thefateofancientmansionissealedsincethemayorhasdecided:“(

)thishousewillbepulleddownbytheFirstofOctober.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatmaycome

B.Comewhatmay

C.Maywhatcome

D.Comemaywhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。comewhatmay“無論如何”。句意:古宅的命運(yùn)是注定了的,自從市長(zhǎng)決定無論怎樣,這棟房子將在十月一號(hào)被推倒。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Themoonisnotaplanet()theplanetsinmanyrespects.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resembling

B.whichresembles

C.butresemblanceto

D.althoughitresembles

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞not和inmanyrespect可知此句句意為:盡管月球在許多方面與行星相似,但它不是行星。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意和語法。

6.單選題

Hecarriedapalebonewhichhekeptthrowingoutintotheduneforthebirddogto______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cast

B.trace

C.chase

D.retrieve

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)cast“扔,擲,拋”;B選項(xiàng)trace“尋找到,追蹤”;C選項(xiàng)chase“追趕,追捕”;D選項(xiàng)retrieve“(從不屬于某物應(yīng)該在的地方)找回,取回”。句意:他拿著一根白骨,不斷把它扔到沙丘里,讓獵鳥犬去______。骨頭被反復(fù)扔到沙丘里,就是為了讓狗去取回,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thechild’sparentswere______intoacceptingthedemandofthekidnappers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pleaded

B.intoxicated

C.intimidated

D.besieged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)plead“借口,為……辯護(hù),托稱”,B項(xiàng)intoxicate“(酒或毒品)(使)麻醉,(使)中毒”,C項(xiàng)intimidate“恐嚇,威脅,脅迫”,D項(xiàng)besiege“圍困,包圍,煩擾”。由kidnappers“綁匪”可知,空格處填入“恐嚇”符合語境。句意:孩子的父母受到恐嚇而接受了綁架者的要求。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Ifyou()theprincipleofdemocraticgovernmenttoyourfamilyyouwillrunintosomeobviousdifficulties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.track

C.manipulate

D.adapt

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Carry“拿,搬運(yùn)”;track“跟蹤,追蹤”;manipulate“操縱,控制”;adapt“使適應(yīng)”。句意:如果你使民主政府的原則適用于家庭中,那你會(huì)遇到各種明顯的困難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninteraction,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydayontheissueofnuclearenergy.Theprincipaldiscoveriesinthiscentury,allinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo;thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

51.WhatCAN’Tbeinferredfromthelstparagraph?

52.Man’sattitudetowardscientificdiscoverieshasalwaysbeen().

53.Scientistshavediscoveredinthepastfewyearsthat().

54.Whatwashailedasabiologicalrevolutionthirtyyearsago?

55.Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageistosaythat().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Forcenturiesscientificdiscoverieshavebeenhailedbythehumanworldunanimously.

D.Threehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.suspicious

B.undoubting

C.cynical

D.critical

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B.thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C.manactuallyknowsnothingaboutDNA

D.manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.DiscoveryofthestructureofDNA.

B.Thedecodingofthelinearlanguage.

C.Themechanicaldevicefoundinthehumancell.

D.TheunbelievablecomplexityofDN

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman’slife

B.scienceisfarfromperfectinexplorationoftheworld

C.sciencehasreacheditsclimaxinmanyfields

D.sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】51.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段,第一段講述了科學(xué)相關(guān)的歷史,定位到倒數(shù)第二句話Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninteraction,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.(對(duì)于測(cè)試一種人類互動(dòng)的新方法來說,三百年似乎太長(zhǎng)了,足夠讓人們回過頭來對(duì)科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行批判性評(píng)估,甚至可能足夠讓人們投票決定是否繼續(xù)使用它。)通過這句話可以得出,三百年的時(shí)候足夠長(zhǎng),以至于人們開始批判性的評(píng)估科學(xué)了,因此C選項(xiàng)“幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來,科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)一直受到人類世界的一致歡迎”,是和文章不符合的,因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)已經(jīng)開始被質(zhì)疑了,因此C選項(xiàng)當(dāng)選。A選項(xiàng)“過去三百年的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)產(chǎn)生了許多有價(jià)值的東西”,是文章中提到的;B選項(xiàng)“三百年來,有人對(duì)科學(xué)持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度”,是文章的觀點(diǎn);D選項(xiàng)“三百年的時(shí)間不足以讓我們回過頭來對(duì)科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行批判性的評(píng)價(jià)”,這個(gè)雖然與原文看似不符合,但是后文有一句Thereisanargument.“但是這是有爭(zhēng)議的。”可以看出這句話是有爭(zhēng)議的,因此D選項(xiàng)是有爭(zhēng)議的,不當(dāng)選。

52.根據(jù)題干定位到第二段的最后一句someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.(有些物理定律每隔幾年就會(huì)被修改,有些被徹底取消,有些經(jīng)過了立法意圖的修訂,就好像它們是國會(huì)的法案一樣。)可以得知人類對(duì)待科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并不認(rèn)為它們是完美無缺的,而是不斷修正、擯棄,甚至采取立法手段加以規(guī)范的,因此D選項(xiàng)“批判的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”;B選項(xiàng)“毋庸置疑的”;C選項(xiàng)“憤世嫉俗的”都不正確。

53.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段的最后一句話Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.(但就在最近幾年,它已經(jīng)變得幾乎令人難以置信的復(fù)雜,充滿了奇怪的部分,其功能超出了今天的想象。)可知,人們對(duì)于DNA的研究還所知甚少,因此D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于DNA,人類還有很多要學(xué)習(xí)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“將DNA暴露給公眾是不必要的”,與原文不符;B選項(xiàng)“DNA中的微小細(xì)胞是一臺(tái)整潔的小機(jī)器”,是細(xì)胞,不是DNA中的細(xì)胞;C選項(xiàng)“人類實(shí)際上對(duì)DNA一無所知”,并不是一無所知,只是知之甚少。

54.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段的第一句話JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.(就在30年前,當(dāng)DNA分子奇妙的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)暴露在公眾視野中,遺傳學(xué)的線性語言被破譯時(shí),我們稱之為一場(chǎng)生物學(xué)革命。)因此B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)線性語言的解碼”正確。A選項(xiàng)“DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)現(xiàn)”;C選項(xiàng)“在人體細(xì)胞中發(fā)現(xiàn)的機(jī)械裝置”以及D選項(xiàng)“DNA的復(fù)雜性令人難以置信”,都不是三十年前被稱為生物學(xué)革命的原因。

55.主旨?xì)w納題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo;thereiseverythingtodo.(這不僅僅是因?yàn)槲覀冇懈嗟墓ぷ饕?;有很多事情要做。)從而清楚地表明了作者的觀點(diǎn):科學(xué)剛剛起步,前面的路還很長(zhǎng)。因此B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)在探索世界的過程中遠(yuǎn)非完美”是文章的同義轉(zhuǎn)述項(xiàng),正確。A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)極大地改善了人們的生活”,這個(gè)說法是正確的,但是不是作者寫這篇文章的目的;C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)在許多領(lǐng)域都達(dá)到了頂峰”,無關(guān)項(xiàng);D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)對(duì)人類的貢獻(xiàn)太少了”,與原文不符。

10.單選題

Whatthegovernmentsshoulddourgentlyistotakeactionsto(

)theeconomy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brook

B.blush

C.boost

D.brood

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。brook“容忍,允許”;blush“臉紅,羞愧”;boost“促進(jìn),提高”;brood“沉思”。句意:政府現(xiàn)在迫切需要的是采取措施促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandanadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan_____forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspirational“啟發(fā)靈感的,鼓舞人心的”;B選項(xiàng)educational“教育的,有教育意義的”;C選項(xiàng)excessive“過度的,極度的”;D選項(xiàng)instantaneous“立即的,立刻的”。根據(jù)pushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations可知A選項(xiàng)符合語義。句意:有她作為教授和顧問,我可以告訴你,她有一種鼓舞人心的力量,推動(dòng)她的學(xué)生超越自己的期望。

12.單選題

TheexpresstrainfromLondon(

)ontime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulledup

B.pulledover

C.pulledin

D.pulledthrough

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pullup意為“拔起,阻止”;pullover意為“靠邊停車”;pullin意為“吸引,進(jìn)站”;pullthrough意為“恢復(fù)健康,度過難關(guān)”。

句意:從倫敦開出的快車準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)站。

13.單選題

Homeeconomistsrecommend______inlargequantities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobuybasicfooditems

B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood

C.buyingbasicfooditems

D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tobuybasicfooditems購買基本食品B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood購買基本食品

C.buyingbasicfooditems購買基本食品D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood購買基本食品

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】fooditems是常見搭配,表示“食品”,可先排除B、D項(xiàng);recommend可以和todo搭配,也可以與doing搭配,但是如果后面跟不定式,recommend后面要跟sb.,recommendsb.todosth.表示“建議某人去做某事”;如果后面跟doing,recommend可以直接跟,recommenddoingsth.表示“建議做某事”,所以此處選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)要加sb.才符合搭配,故排除;

B、D項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配。

【句意】家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家建議大量購買基本食品。

14.單選題

Thefamouspicture________inItalyisnowexhibitedinamuseuminParis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatshoot

B.itwasshot

C.asisshot

D.whichwasshot

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。句意:這張著名的照片()于意大利,現(xiàn)展覽在巴黎的一家博物館。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有shoot即“拍攝”的意思。因?yàn)檎掌荒鼙慌臄z,所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài),A選項(xiàng)排除。一個(gè)句子,沒有從句連接詞或者連詞的話只能出現(xiàn)一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu),所以B不選;as可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句充當(dāng)從句主語,但是表因?yàn)椋蛘哳惐?,C選項(xiàng)邏輯不通,所以答案選D。

15.填空題

IwishthatJohnwouldwritemore(

).Icanneverreadhisnotesandletters

【答案】clearly

【解析】語義題。句意:我希望John寫字更清楚些,我看不懂他的筆記和信件。這里需要填一個(gè)副詞,修飾wirte(寫)。

16.單選題

)isneededisarealizationthatpowerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive,andlovewithoutpowerissentimentalandanemic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.What

B.Which

C.That

D.Whether

【答案】A

【解析】考查主語從句??崭窈蟪霈F(xiàn)了兩個(gè)be動(dòng)詞,可知前面部分為一個(gè)主語從句。從句中缺少主語成分,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有what可以引導(dǎo)。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Theearthrevolvesalittlemorerapidly()itisclosertothesun.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.or

C.than

D.wherever

【答案】A

【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”;B選項(xiàng)or“或者”;C選項(xiàng)than“比”;D選項(xiàng)wherever“無論在哪里”。句意:當(dāng)?shù)厍螂x太陽較近時(shí),它的公轉(zhuǎn)速度稍快一些。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.單選題

Oneofthebasiccharacteristicsofcapitalismistheprivateownershipofthemajormeansofproduction—capital.Theownershipoflargeamountofcapitalcanbring(1)profits,aswellaseconomicandpoliticalpower.Somerecenttheorists,(2),havearguedthatoursocietyhasmovedtoanewstageof(3)thattheycall“post-industrial”society.Oneimportantchangeinsuchasocietyisthattheownershipof(4)amountsofcapitalisnolongertheonlyoreventhemostimportant(5)ofprofitsandinfluences;knowledgeaswellas(6)capitalbringsprofitsandinfluence.

Therearemany(7)withthethesisabove,nottheleastof(8)isthatwealthycapitalistscanbuytheexpertsandknowledgetheyneedtokeeptheirprofitsandinfluence.Butthisdoesnot(9)theimportanceofknowledgeinanadvancedindustrialsociety,asthe(10)ofsomenewindustriesindicates(11),geneticengineeringandthenewcomputertechnologyhave(12)manynewfirmsandmadesomescientistsquiterich.In(13)withcriticismofthepost-industrialsocietythesis,however,itmustalsobe(14)thatthosealreadyincontrolofhugeamountsofcapital(i.e.majorcorporations)soon(15)totakemostprofitsintheseindustriesbasedonnewknowledge.

Movingdownfromthelevelofwealthandpower,westillfindknowledgeincreasingly(16)Manynewhightechjobsarebeingcreatedattheupper-middle-classlevel,butevenmorenewjobsarebeingcreatedinthelow-skill,low-payingservice(17).Somethinglikeaclasslineisemergingcenteredaroundknowledge.Individualswhofalltoofarbehindinthe(18)ofknowledgeatayoungagewillfinditalmostimpossibletocatchuplater,nomatterhowhardtheytryilliteracyintheEnglishlanguagehasbeenasevere(19)formanyyearsintheUnitedStates,butwearealsomovingtothepointwhencomputerilliteracywillhindermanymorepeopleand(20)themtoalifeoflow-skillandlow-paidlabor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quantitative

B.extensive

C.comprehensive

D.sophisticated

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreover

B.however

C.therefore

D.furthermore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aggression

B.proficiency

C.productivity

D.evolution

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.dominant

B.impressive

C.magnificent

D.significant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.source

B.factor

C.component

D.element

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.adequate

B.profitable

C.material

D.spiritual

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.advantages

B.consequences

C.problems

D.potentials

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.them

B.those

C.which

D.that

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.refuse

C.admit

D.acknowledge

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.emergence

B.innovation

C.extinction

D.discovery

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.Inaddition

B.Forexample

C.Aboveall

D.Inshort

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.produced

B.created

C.improved

D.facilitated

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.line

B.need

C.doubt

D.match

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.idealized

B.recognized

C.supervised

D.summarized

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.steppedin

B.settleddown

C.leanedover

D.turnedout

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.important

C.popular

D.abundant

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.enterprises

B.employment

C.professions

D.industries

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.control

B.mastery

C.search

D.pursuit

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.handicap

B.penalty

C.inconvenience

D.shortcoming

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.enforce

B.punish

C.impose

D.condemn

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】(1)考查形容詞詞義辨析。extensive“大量的,廣泛的”;quantitative“量的,定量的”;comprehension“綜合的,全面的”;sophisticated“復(fù)雜的,世故的”。句意:大量資本能夠帶來大量的收益,同時(shí)也帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治權(quán)力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(2)考查副詞詞義辨析。moreover表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,however表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,therefore表因果關(guān)系;furthermore表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。從該句的argue這個(gè)詞可以看出這句話與前面那句話是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(3)考查名詞詞義辨析。Aggression“侵略”;proficiency“熟練”;productivity“生產(chǎn)力”;evolution“演變,發(fā)展”。句意:然而,一些現(xiàn)代理論學(xué)家提出我們的社會(huì)已經(jīng)發(fā)展為一個(gè)新的時(shí)代。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(4)考查形容詞詞義辨析。dominant“最重要的,最突出的”;impressive“給人印象深刻的”;magnificent“壯麗的,宏偉的”;significant“重要的,重大的”。根據(jù)這一段第二句話中l(wèi)argeamountofcapital可知空格處應(yīng)該填“大量的”這個(gè)詞,所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(5)考查名詞詞義辨析。Source“來源”;factor“因素”;component“組成部分”;element“元素”。句意:改變之一是大量的資本已經(jīng)不再是收益和影響唯一或者說不是最重要的來源。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(6)考查形容詞詞義辨析。adequate“充足的”;profitable“有利可圖的”;material“物質(zhì)的”;spiritual“精神的”。Knowledge代表的是精神財(cái)富,與物質(zhì)財(cái)富相對(duì),所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(7)考查名詞詞義辨析。Advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”;consequence“結(jié)果,后果”;problem“問題”;potential“潛力”。從后文提及到的有錢的資本家可以買到知識(shí),這顯然是一種弊端,所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(8)考查語法知識(shí)。空格處應(yīng)該填的是一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)可以作為關(guān)系代詞。所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(9)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句子開頭的連詞but表明本題意思與上文矛盾,“但是這并不是否認(rèn)知識(shí)的重要性”。Deny(否認(rèn))符合。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(10)考查名詞詞義辨析。emergence“出現(xiàn)”;innovation“創(chuàng)新”;extinction“滅絕”;discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。下文中提到了newindustries(新工業(yè)),空格處所需要填寫的單詞應(yīng)該與新工業(yè)相呼應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(11)考查上下文語義。根據(jù)上下文可知本句是對(duì)新興工業(yè)做進(jìn)一步的舉例說明,forexample“例如”符合這個(gè)語境。Inaddition“此外”;aboveall“首先”;inshort“總之”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(12)考查上下文語義。上文中提到了新的計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和新的公司,從這可知新的計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)使新的公司產(chǎn)生,所以空格處應(yīng)該填包含有“創(chuàng)造,誕生”意思的詞,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(13)考查固定搭配。inlinewith是固定搭配,意思是“與······一致,按照”;needforsth.“需要”;indoubt“不肯定的,不確定的”;beamatchfor“配得上的,可匹敵的”,根據(jù)句意選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(14)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Idealize“理想化”;recognize“確認(rèn),承認(rèn)”;supervise“監(jiān)督”;summarize“總結(jié)”。本句中it是形式主語,接著提及到“已經(jīng)控制了大量資本的公司馬上會(huì)涉及這些在新知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)上興起的行業(yè),并且從中獲得大部分利潤(rùn)”。根據(jù)句意“這是我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到的問題”,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(15)考查詞組辨析。stepin表示“走進(jìn),介入”;settledown“安頓,解決”;leanover“探身,傾斜”;turnout“結(jié)果是,原來是”。句意:資金雄厚的大企業(yè)很快要進(jìn)來奪走知識(shí)產(chǎn)業(yè)的大部分利潤(rùn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(16)考查形容詞詞義辨析。Accessible“可進(jìn)去的”;important“重要的”;popular“受歡迎的,流行的”;abundant“豐富的,充足的”。下文提及到了知識(shí)對(duì)人們工作的影響,可以得出本文主要是講知識(shí)的重要性。句意:知識(shí)除了能帶來利潤(rùn)和權(quán)力外,在其他方面也起著重要的作用。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(17)考查固定搭配。某個(gè)行業(yè)用industry這個(gè)詞。Enterprise“企業(yè),公司”:employment“雇傭”;profession“職業(yè)”。Serviceindustry“服務(wù)行業(yè)”,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(18)考查固定搭配。inthepursuitofknowledge“學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)”;incontrolof“控制”;mastery“掌握,精通”;insearchof“尋找,搜尋”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。Handicap“障礙,阻礙”;penalty“處罰”;inconvenience“不方便,麻煩”;shortcoming“缺點(diǎn),短處”。下文中hinder(阻礙)這個(gè)單詞提示此空格處應(yīng)該填與之意思相近的詞,所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(20)考查固定搭配。condemnsb.tosth./todosth.“宣告某人要受···

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