考研考博-英語-廣州美術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州美術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.問答題

Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis

A

covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,

B

mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally

C

D

studiedhistory.

【答案】試題答案：B;as

【解析】考查連詞倒裝。由系動詞are被提到主語之前，可知此處用連詞as（如何……一樣）構(gòu)成倒裝。

2.單選題

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,error,andgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtodiscardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudienceandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementsthatcouldbeusedindance,beforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosity(精湛的技巧)shownbycomplicated,designedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionwasindancecostume.Shediscardedcorset(緊身內(nèi)衣),balletshoes,andstintcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunics,barefeetandunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.Inherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmasters,includingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,Duncan’scostumeswereless（）.

5.Whatdoestheparagraphfollowingthepassageprobablydiscuss?

問題1選項

A.TheEvolutionofDanceintheTwentiethCentury.

B.ArtistsoftheLastCentury.

C.NaturalMovementinDance.

D.APioneerinModernDance.

問題2選項

A.Amodelformovement.

B.Somethingtoconquer.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

問題3選項

A.Themusic

B.Thestagesets

C.Costumes

D.Movements

問題4選項

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

問題5選項

A.Duncan’sfurthercontributiontomoderndance.

B.Themusiccustomarilyusedinballet.

C.OtheraspectsofDuncan'slife.

D.Audienceacceptanceofthenewformofdance.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇傳記，主要講述的是現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)——IsadoraDuncan對舞蹈的巨大貢獻。所以選項D正確。

2.判斷推理題。題干問的是“對IsadoraDuncan來說，大自然代表了什么？”根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“她對自然運動形式的探索使她進入了自然。她認為運動應該像樹木的搖擺和大海的波濤一樣自然，應該與大地的運動協(xié)調(diào)一致?！币簿褪钦f，IsadoraDuncan把大自然當做舞蹈運動的模型，將舞蹈和自然相結(jié)合。所以選項A正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。原文第三段主要講述的是Duncan對舞蹈動作的改變；第四段主要講述的是對舞蹈服裝的改變；第五段主要講述的是對音樂運用的改變。所以只有選項B“舞臺”的改變在原文中沒有提及。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容“她摒棄了紫色內(nèi)衣，芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服裝，取而代之的是飄逸的希臘寬松外衣、光著腳和披散著的頭發(fā)?！庇纱丝芍?，Duncan的服裝是輕松自由的，相對于芭蕾服裝來說，沒有那么多的限制性，所以選項D正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“她的個人生活就像她的舞蹈一樣令人興奮和古怪?！庇纱丝赏茢啵酉聛砜赡芤v到的內(nèi)容是Duncan生活的其他方面。選項C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

3.單選題

Aneducationalenvironmenttoseparateyoufromthedailyrigorsoflife.

問題1選項

A.isdesigned

B.designed

C.istobedesigned

D.designs

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞的用法。句子主語是aneducationalenvironment“一種教育環(huán)境”，是design動作執(zhí)行的對象，因此要用被動語態(tài)表示“教育環(huán)境被設計成”；固定用法bedesignedtodo“打算、目的是”；A選項被動語態(tài)；B選項主動語態(tài)；C選項被動語態(tài)，表“將要被設定成”；D選項主動語態(tài)；句意：教育環(huán)境能將你從日常生活的艱辛中抽離出來。根據(jù)句意A選項最符合題意。

4.翻譯題

長城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城，就像到了巴黎沒去看菲爾鐵塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及沒去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長城非好漢。”實際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后才將其連接成長城。然而，今天我們看到的長城——東起山海關，西至嘉峪關——大部分都是在明代修建的。

【答案】TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworldthatcreatedbyhumanbeings!IfyoucometoChinawithoutclimbingtheGreatWall,it’sjustlikegoingPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower;orgoingtoEgyptwithoutvisitingthePyramids!Menoftensay,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Infact,itbeganasindependentwallsfordifferentstateswhenitwasfirstbuilt,anddidnotbecomethe“GreatWall”untiltheQinDynasty.However,thewallweseetoday,startingfromShanhaiguanPassintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,wasmostlybuiltduringtheMingDynasty.

5.單選題

Afterthedispute,theatmosphereinthemeetingroomwasgettingmoreandmore___.

問題1選項

A.critical

B.frustrated

C.tense

D.light

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.critical至關重要的B.frustrated懊惱的；沮喪的

C.tense緊張的D.light輕的；明亮的；輕松的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)dispute“辯論、爭吵”和會議室的氣氛的邏輯可知：空白處的形容詞應該滿足爭吵后會議室緊張氣氛的邏輯。C選項tense“緊張的”滿足此句所需的邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應邏輯關系。并且D選項light的比較級是lighter不用moreandmore。

【句意】爭論過后，會議室的氣氛變得越來越緊張。

6.寫作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whatshouldbeinpeople'sdiet,tohavewhatonejustwantsortojusteathealthyfood?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

7.單選題

Itriedinvainto（）themantheslip.

問題1選項

A.give

B.omit

C.offer

D.serve

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項give“給；產(chǎn)生；讓步；舉辦；授予”；B選項omit“省略；遺漏；刪除；疏忽；沒做”；C選項offer“提供；出價；試圖；意圖；錄取通知書”；D選項serve“招待，供應；為……服務；對……有用；可作……用”。根據(jù)固定搭配givesomebodytheslip“趁某人不備時溜掉”可知該題選give。句意：我試圖甩掉那個人，但沒有成功。因此A選項正確。

8.不定項選擇題

ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated（61）anongoingstruggleagainst（62）andindifferenceonthepartoftheAmericanmainstream,andastruggle（63）asanupwardmovementis（64）towardevermorejusticeandopportunity.

Technologyinandof（65）isnotatfault;it’smuchtoosimpletosaythatgunpowderoragriculturalmachineryorfiberoptics（66）beentheenemyofan（67）groupofpeople.Acertainmachineisput（68）workinacertainwaythepurpose（69）whichitwasdesigned.Thepeoplewhodesignthemachinesarenotintentonunleashingchaos;theyareusuallytryingto（70）ataskmorequickly,cleanly,orcheaply,（71）theimperativeofinnovationandefficiencythathasruledWesterncivilization（72）theRenaissance.

Masteryoftechnologyissecondonly（73）moneyasthetruemeasureofaccomplishmentinthiscountry,anditisverylikelythatby（74）thisunder-representationinthetechnologicalrealm,andbynotquestioningandexaminingthefolkwaysthathave（75）it,blacksareallowing（76）tobekeptoutofthemainstreamonceagain.Thistime,however,theywillbe（77）fromthegreatestcashengineofthetwenty-firstcentury.Inner-cityblacksinparticularareindanger,andthebeautifulsuburbs（78）ringthedecayofHartford,shedthepastandlearntoexistwithoutcontemplatingorencounteringthetragedyoftheinnercity.

Andblacksmustchangeaswell.Thewaysthat（79）theirancestorsthroughcaptivityandcomingtofreedomhavebeguntolosetheirutility.Ifblacks（80）tosurviveasfullparticipantsinthissociety,theyhavetounderstandwhatworksnow.

問題1選項

A.like

B.as

C.for

D.with

問題2選項

A.charity

B.clarity

C.cohesion

D.oppression

問題3選項

A.charting

B.charts

C.charted

D.tochart

問題4選項

A.progressing

B.progressed

C.clutched

D.clutching

問題5選項

A.itself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.himself

問題6選項

A.have

B.tohave

C.has

D.tohas

問題7選項

A.entirely

B.enter

C.entire

D.entrance

問題8選項

A.for

B.off

C.on

D.at

問題9選項

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.before

問題10選項

A.envelop

B.accomplish

C.enveloping

D.accomplishing

問題11選項

A.followed

B.follows

C.tofollow

D.following

問題12選項

A.since

B.on

C.in

D.at

問題13選項

A.before

B.to

C.with

D.from

問題14選項

A.totolerate

B.tolerate

C.tolerated

D.tolerating

問題15選項

A.encountered

B.encountering

C.toencounter

D.encounters

問題16選項

A.them

B.us

C.themselves

D.ourselves

問題17選項

A.excluding

B.included

C.including

D.excluded

問題18選項

A.where

B.that

C.how

D.what

問題19選項

A.servicing

B.encircle

C.encircling

D.served

問題20選項

A.is

B.were

C.are

D.have

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】61.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查短語搭配和句意理解。benarratedas“被描述為”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭。結(jié)合句意，故選B。

62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項charity“慈善”；B項clarity“清晰；明確”；C項cohesion“粘合；結(jié)合”；D項oppression“鎮(zhèn)壓，壓迫”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭。結(jié)合句意，選D.

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查被動語態(tài)和句意理解。根據(jù)句意可知，該空應為被動語態(tài)，所以選C項charted，表示“被規(guī)劃為向上運動的斗爭”。

64.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語法和詞義。根據(jù)句意用進行時態(tài)，排除B，C二項；選表示趨向的動詞progress“前進，進步”，D項Clutching“緊握，抓住”，所以選A。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語法知識。inandofoneself為固定搭配，意為“事物內(nèi)部及其本身”，句意：科技內(nèi)部及它本身并沒有錯，根據(jù)句意，technology為主語，應該用單數(shù)，所以選A。

66.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語法知識。根據(jù)就近原則，謂語動詞應與主語fiberoptics“纖維光學”保持一致，這個詞意義上為單數(shù)，所以選用單數(shù)形式has。

67.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語法知識。根據(jù)空格前后可知，此處用形容詞，排除A，B，D；anentiregroupof“整組”，選擇C項。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查短語搭配。句意：某些工具被用于工作。Putsthatwork“把某物用于工作方面”，所以答案為D。

69.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查短語搭配。bedesignedfor…“為而設計的”。句意：為了這個目的而設計的。所以答案為A。

70.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義和動詞用法。正確的用法是trytodosth，首先排除C和D項。A項envelop“包裝，遮蓋”；B項accomplish“完成”。根據(jù)文意，這里應填的意思是完成任務，所以選B。

71.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語法。用動詞的進行時表示動作的伴隨，此外follow的邏輯主語是前面的they，所以用主動語態(tài)，選D。

72.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句意理解。根據(jù)文章的意思，這里應填“從文藝復興開始”，所以選since。

73.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。besecondto“僅次于”。句意：掌握技術是僅次于金錢的真正衡量這個國家成就的第二標準。

74.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。by是介詞，后應該跟動詞ing形式，只有D符合。

75.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查完成時時態(tài)。動詞的完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)為have+done，encounter的過去分詞形式為encountered，所以答案為A。

76.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查句意理解。這里應填反身代詞，排除A和B。又根據(jù)句意，應是“他們自己”，所以選C。

77.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定短語。beexcludedfrom“排除，不包括在內(nèi)”。句意：然而這次他們將不在二十一世紀最偉大的現(xiàn)金制造機的范圍內(nèi)。所以選D。

78.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查定語從句。這是一個定語從句，從句部分缺少主語，所以選that。

79.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查定語從句。這是一個定語從句，從句缺少謂語，所以排除A和C。另外根據(jù)后面主句中的時態(tài)“havebegun”，可知前面的從句是一個過去時的句子，所以選D。句意：那些曾經(jīng)服務于他們祖先的方法已經(jīng)失去了效用。

80.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考察一般條件句。根據(jù)主句可知是一般條件句，不能用虛擬語氣，需用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以選C。句意：如果黑人要作為這個社會的正式參與者生存下去，他們就必須明白現(xiàn)在什么是有效的。

9.單選題

Onlysovereignstatesareabletomaketreaties.

問題1選項

A.constitutional

B.powerful

C.legitimate

D.independent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項constitutionaladj.憲法的，本質(zhì)的；B選項powerfuladj.強大的，有力的；C選項legitimateadj.合法的，正當?shù)模籇選項independentadj.獨立的，單獨的，無黨派的。根據(jù)題意可知，只有主權獨立的國家才能制定條約，因此本題選擇D項。

10.翻譯題

Feedbackplaysanimportantroleinalmostallelectroniccircuits.Itsstudyisintroducedheretoprovideaviewoftheamplifierasagainelement.

【答案】反饋幾乎在所有電子電路中都有重要的作用。本文介紹了放大器作為增益元件的研究情況。

11.翻譯題

Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatfortheblasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunrisesovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

IamlonelywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenforthetimebeingIfeelemptyandneedfillingup.AndIamlonelysometimeswhenIcomebackhomeafteralecturetrip,whenIhaveseenalotofpeopleandtalkedalot,andamfulltothebrimwithexperiencethatneedstobesortedout.

Thenforawhilethehousefeelshugeandempty,andIwonderwheremyselfishiding.Ithastoberecapturedslowlybywateringtheplantsand,perhaps,bylookingagainateachoneasthoughitwasaperson.

Ittakesawhile,asIwatchthesurfblowingupinfountains,butthemomentcomeswhentheworldfallsaway,andtheselfemergesagainfromthedeepunconscious,bringingbackallIhaverecentlyexperiencedtobeexploredandslowlyunderstood.

【答案】對我來說，獨自生活最有趣的事情是生活變得越來越有價值，我已經(jīng)這樣獨自生活了二十年。正如我大多數(shù)日子做的那樣，當我醒來，看著太陽從海平面升起，我已經(jīng)提前知道了這一整天（的計劃），不會被打攪，寫幾頁文字，和我的狗散步，讀讀書，聽聽音樂，我充滿了幸福。

當我過度勞累、長時間不間斷地工作或者一時感到空虛需要充實時，我就會感到孤獨。有時，當我結(jié)束了演講之旅回到家中，我會感到孤獨，因為我見了很多人，說了很多話，心里充滿了需要整理的經(jīng)歷。

之后有那么一段時間，我覺得房子又大又空，不知道自己藏在了哪里。我只得給植物澆澆水，或許再像看人一樣，看看它們的千姿百態(tài)，慢慢地找回自我。

有那么一小會兒，我看著那噴泉里飛濺的浪花，但當世界逐漸消失時，那一刻就來臨了，自我又從潛意識的深處再次浮現(xiàn)，帶著這幾天的經(jīng)歷去探究，然后慢慢領悟。

12.翻譯題

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好書常如最精美的寶器，珍藏著人生的思想的精華；因為人的生活世界主要是他的思想世界。因此，最好的書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶庫，這些良言和思想若銘記于心并多加珍視，就會成為我們忠實的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士說過：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤獨。”

在我們受到誘惑的時候，美好真實的思想可以作為一種仁慈的視角，凈化和保護我們的靈魂。這同樣孕育著行為的萌芽，因為金玉良言總能激勵善行。

13.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個位于首爾東南部的一個上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說，應該是這位韓國流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動；喝著燒酒簽下美國唱片合約，占據(jù)美國電視黃金時段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對于很多人來說，那個老問題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會找到前衛(wèi)的國際品牌概念商店，還有本土時裝大牌。這里的商店都價格不菲，但要像樸載相所說的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個代價。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過了佛教，但在16世紀中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導下，奉恩寺作為韓國主要的禪宗佛教中心開始興旺起來。如果你想獲得一些點化，可以參加一個為期兩天的住寺活動，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

14.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner”.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare____.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson____.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’sneckbecause_____.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto_____.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants_______.

問題1選項

A.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

B.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題3選項

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題4選項

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題5選項

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…theyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.”，說明作者認為眼睛在人與人之間的交往中是相當重要的。選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…facewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.”，說明被遮住眼睛的臉以及側(cè)臉不會使嬰兒發(fā)笑。選項C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.”，在日本，嬰兒對眼睛的依戀不像其他國家那樣強烈，說明因為在嬰兒時期不會有太多機會接觸眼神交流。選項D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpause…”，說明美國人在交談時，一定要看著講話人，不然對方就會以為你對談話不感興趣而暫停下來。選項C符合題意。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses…”，說明談話時戴深色眼睛會帶來一系列不好的影響。選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

Allthemountainsarestunninglybeautiful,andthereare（）valleysandthesmellofpeatfromeverycottage.

問題1選項

A.wooden

B.wooded

C.wooding

D.woods

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。有題干得知，空格后為名詞，因此應填入形容詞。wooden“木制的；呆板的”；wooded“樹木繁茂額，森林多的”；wooding無形容詞用法；woods“木材”，也無形容詞用法。修飾valley“山谷”的詞應為wooded，因此B選項符合題意。

16.單選題

Afterleavingcollege,theyoungman____onanewbusinesscareer.

問題1選項

A.induced

B.facilitated

C.ignited

D.embarked

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.induced引誘B.facilitated促進

C.ignited點燃；激起D.embarked開始（新的或艱難的事情）

【答案】D

【考查點】介詞搭配與語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填動詞搭配介詞on使用，空格處前后語義為“離開大學后，這個年輕人____了新的商業(yè)生涯”。D選項embarked“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”符合原句介詞搭配與語義銜接，embarkon“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不與介詞on搭配使用，且不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】離開大學后，這個年輕人開始了新的商業(yè)生涯。

17.單選題

Sleeprestoresthebodyandthemindandhelpspreventdiseasebystrengtheningtheimmunesystem.However,manyadultsdonotgettherecommendedeighthoursofsleepeachnight.Theaverageadulttodaygetsonly6.4hoursofsleep,nearlyanhourandahalflessthanwhattheaveragepersonreceivedacenturyago.Onlyinrecentyearshavehealthprofessionalsbeguntorealizetheprevalenceandseverityofsleepdeprivationintheworkingpopulation.Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight,worklongshifts,orsufferfrominsomnia(失眠)orjetlag.Othersaredeprivedofsleepbecausetheyworktoohard,stayouttoolate,ortrytodotoomanythingsinaday.Adultswhoregularlysleepsixhoursorlessmightthinktheyaccomplishmorebystayinguplate,buttheypayforitthenextdaywhentheyfeelsleepyorirritableorareunabletoconcentrate,rememberthings,orbeveryeffectiveattheirwork.

Studiesshowthatthebrainisadverselyaffectedbysleepdeprivationbecausecertainpatternsofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterruptedandthebraincannotfunctionnormally.Inonestudy,thirteenhealthyadultsubjectswhousuallyhadnormalsleeppatternswerekeptawakeandcarefullymonitoredinahospitalsleeplaboratoryduringaperiodof35hours.Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereaskedtoperformseveralcognitivetasks,suchasarithmeticandwordproblems,whileundergoingmagneticresonance(共振)scansoftheirbrainactivity.Thescansrecordedeachsubject’sbrainactivityfromarestedstatethroughvariousstagesofsleepdeprivationoverthe35-hourperiod.Thescansproducedimagesshowingincreasedactivityinsomeregionsofthebrainanddecreasedactivityinothers.Theresearchersfoundthatthetemporallobeofthebrain,theregioninvolvedinlanguageprocessing,wasactivatedduringverbaltasksinrestedsubjectsbutnotinsleep-deprivedsubjects.Whensubjectswerefullyrested,theirmagneticresonancescansshowedthatthetemporallobewasveryactive.However,afterseveralhourswithoutsleep,therewasnoactivitywithinthisregion.Theeffectsoftheinactivityincludedslurredspeechinthesubjectswhohadgoneforprolongedperiodswithnosleep.

Severalstudiesshowthatgettingfewerthansixhoursofsleepanightcanimpairshort-termmemory,coordination,reactiontime,andjudgment—thusposingaseriousriskofaccidentorinjury.Inonestudyofdrivers,researchersreportedthatsleepdeprivationhadsomeofthesamehazardouseffectsasbeingdrunk.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodroveafterbeingawakefor17to19hoursperformedworsethanthosewithabloodalcohollevelof0.05percent,thelegallimitfordrunkdrivinginmostwesternEuropeancountries.Thestudyalsofoundthat16to60percentofroadaccidentsinvolvedsleepdeprivation.Theresearchersconcludedthatcountrieswithdrunkdrivinglawsshouldconsidersimilarrestrictionsagainstsleep-depriveddriving.

Thereareotherproblemsassociatedwithsleepdeprivationbeyondimpairedmotorskillsandjudgment.Driverswhogettoolittlesleepmayhavehigherlevelsofstress,anxietyanddepression,maytakeunnecessaryrisks,ormayexpressragetowardotherdrivers.Thesedangersaffectnotonlydriversbutalsopeoplewhoworklongshiftsornightshifts,suchasmedicalpersonnelandotheremergencyworkers.Thedangersofsleepdeprivationgofarbeyondtheobviousrisksandcan,infact,undermineallareasofanindividual’sphysicalandmentalhealth.

6.WhichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinParagraph1?

7.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingascausesofsleepdeprivationEXCEPT______.

8.ThepurposeofthestudydescribedinParagraph2wastodetermine_____.

9.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdidresearcherslearnaboutsubjectswhohadgoneseveralhourswithoutsleep?

10.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4thatmedicalpersonnelandotheremergencyworkers____.

問題1選項

A.Acenturyago,healthprofessionalsdidnotexperiencesleepdeprivation;however,nowitisapartoftheirjobs.

B.Itisdifficulttounderstandwhyhealthprofessionalshavenotstudiedtheconsequencesofsleepdeprivation.

C.Sleepdeprivationusedtoaffectonlycertainprofessions,butnowitoccursinallsectorsoftheworkingpopulation.

D.Healthprofessionalshavejuststartedtounderstandthatsleepdeprivationinworkersisaseriousproblem.

問題2選項

A.jetlag

B.longworkhours

C.boringwork

D.workingatnight

問題3選項

A.howmanyhourspeoplecansurvivewithoutsleep

B.howpeoplereactwhentheirsleepisinterrupted

C.thechangesinbrainactivitythatoccurduringsleep

D.theeffectsofsleepdeprivationonbrainactivity

問題4選項

A.Thesubjectswereunabletocompletesimplewordproblems.

B.Thesubjectshadnoactivityinpartofthebrainduringverbaltasks.

C.Thesubjectscouldsolvesomecognitivetasksbetterthanothers.

D.Thesubjectsfeltterribleandexpressedangerintheirspeech.

問題5選項

A.areatriskforexperiencinganxietyanddepression

B.aremorelikelythandriverstobedeprivedofsleep

C.arenotawarethattheymaysufferfroms