考研考博-英語-中華女子學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中華女子學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theenvironmentalmovementis（）tothewidespreadfeelingsofsupportfornature'sinherentworth.

問題1選項

A.testimony

B.hypocrisy

C.compensation

D.compassion

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。testimony證據(jù)，證詞；hypocrisy虛偽，偽善；compensation補償，報酬；compassion同情，憐憫。句意：環(huán)保運動證明了人們普遍支持自然的內(nèi)在價值。選項A符合句意。

2.單選題

Themanagerrealizedtheimportanceofqualifiedstaff,andurgedall________toparticipateinthetrainingprogram.

問題1選項

A.concerning

B.theconcerning

C.concerned

D.theconcerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的用法。四個選項都跟concerned有關(guān)，句意：經(jīng)理意識到了合格員工的重要性，并且敦促所有（）參加培訓(xùn)項目。A，B選項沒有名詞詞義，代入句中會造成賓語缺失，所以排除；The+形容詞表示一類人，因為concerning沒有形容詞的詞性，所以D選項錯誤，答案選C。

3.單選題

TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,（）isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問題1選項

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.thatTherearefewelectronic

【答案】A

【解析】句意:英國人對于不同的文化和其他的行為方式不是很熟悉，在其他國家情況也是如此。

語法題?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。逗號后面部分“isoftenthecaseinothercountries”結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主語。因此該處應(yīng)該是非限制性定語從句。因此A項正確，構(gòu)成表達“asisoftenthecase(是常有的情形)”。

4.單選題

ThispairofbootscostmuchlessthanyoursforIboughtthemwhenthedepartmentstoremadea（

）ofthestoredgoods.

問題1選項

A.clearance

B.reduction

C.fortune

D.deal

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Clearance“清理”；reduction“減少”；fortune“財富，運氣”；deal“交易”。句意：我這雙靴子沒有花你那么多錢，因為我買它的時候商場正好降價銷售存貨。選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and（

）ofchemistry.

問題1選項

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比較級。even,still修飾表示級，意為“更……”，little的比較級為less，因此選B。

句意：他數(shù)學(xué)懂得很少，化學(xué)懂得更少了。

6.單選題

Thereisthefearthatbabiesmightbegeneticallyalteredtosuittheparents’wishes.

問題1選項

A.enhanced

B.revised

C.alternated

D.modified

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。alterto表示“更改，改變”；A項enhance“增強”，B項revise“修正，校訂”，C項alternate“交替的，輪流的”，D項modify“修改，修飾”。句意：人們擔(dān)心嬰兒的基因會被改變以滿足父母的愿望。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇D項正確。

7.單選題

Kneadthedoughuntilitissmoothand（

）.

問題1選項

A.flexible

B.loose

C.elastic

D.resourceful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項flexible“靈活的；柔韌的；易彎曲的”；B選項loose“寬松的；散漫的；不牢固的”；C選項elastic“（物理上的）有彈性的；靈活的；易伸縮的”；D選項resourceful“資源豐富的；足智多謀的；機智的”。句意：把面團揉得光滑又……。面要筋道就得有彈性，因此C選項正確。

8.單選題

Afterhiswife'sdeath,hewasonthevergeofa（

）.

問題1選項

A.breakdown

B.breakout

C.breakin

D.breakthrough

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他的妻子過世后，他陷入了崩潰的邊緣。

考查形近詞辨析。Breakdown崩潰,倒塌,損壞,故障;breakout逃脫,越獄;breakin打斷,闖入,開始工作;breakthrough突破,突破性進展。由關(guān)鍵詞hiswife’sdeath(他妻子的死亡)可知A符合句意。

9.單選題

CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit_____inCuba.

問題1選項

A.beingcultivated

B.beencultivated

C.havingcultivated

D.cultivating

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：玉米原產(chǎn)于新大陸，因此直到哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)古巴在種植玉米，歐洲才知道它的存在。it指玉米，根據(jù)玉米被種植確定用被動語態(tài)，排除C、D選項；在until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，it是賓語，橫線到句尾是賓補，強調(diào)被種植的狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，A選項beingcultivated符合題意。B選項beencultivated用法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Itissaidthatthemathteacherseems（

）towardsbrightstudents.

問題1選項

A.preferable

B.partial

C.beneficial

D.liable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項preferable“更好的，更可取的”；B選項partial“部分的，不完全的，偏袒”；C選項beneficial“有利的，有益的”；D選項liable“負有償付責(zé)任，可能受……的影響”。由brightstudents（聰明的學(xué)生）可知B選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：據(jù)說這個數(shù)學(xué)老師似乎偏袒聰明的學(xué)生。

11.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問題1選項

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來自全國各地的游客。選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

FarmlandinpartsofJapanisnolongersafebecauseofhighlevelsofradiationinthesoil,scientistshavewarned,asthecountrystrugglestorecoverfromtheFukushimaatomicdisaster.Ateamofinternationalresearcherssaidfoodproductionwouldlikelybe"severelyimpaired"bytheelevatedlevelsofcaesium（放射性銫）foundinsoilsamplesacrosseasternFukushimainthewakeofmeltdownsatthetsunami-hitplant.Thestudysuggestsfarminginneighboringareasmayalsosufferbecauseofradiation,althoughlevelsdiscoveredtherewerewithinlegallimits."Fukushimaareaasawholeishighlypolluted,*'especiallytothenorthwestofthenuclearpowerplant,theresearcherssaid.Thestudylookedatcaesium-137,whichhasahalf-lifeof30yearsandthereforeaffectstheenvironmentfordecades.

Thelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoilwherericeisgrownofthesumofcaesium-134andcaesium-137,whicharealwaysproducedtogether,is5,000becquerelsperkilograminJapan.‘TheeastFukushimaareaexceededthislimitandsomeneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"thestudysaid."EstimatedandobservedpollutioninthewesternpartsofJapanwerenotasserious,eventhoughsomeareaswerelikelyaffectedtosomeextent,"itadded.

"Concentrationintheseareasarebelow25becquerelsperkilogram,whichisfarbelowthethresholdforfarming.However,westronglyrecommendeachareatoquicklycarryoutsomesupplementarysoilsamplingsatcitylevelstovalidateourestimates."

Thestudysaid‘foodproductionineasternFukushimaareaislikelyseverelyimpairedbythecaesium-137loadsofmorethan2,500becquerelsperkilogram’.

ThestudywasledbyTeppeiYasunarioftheUniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociationintheUSstateofMaryland.Heandhisteamuseddailyobservationsin.eachJapaneseareaandcomputer-simulatedparticledispersion,modelsbasedonweatherpatterns.

JapanhasbeenonalertfortheimpactofradiationsinceanearthquakeandresultingtsunamistruckthenortheastofthecountryonMarch11,damagingtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant.Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.

ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?

2.Fukushimaatomicdisaster’sdirectcauseis（

）.

3.Theradiationdidn’tgointo

（

）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichattitudedoestheJapanesehave?

問題1選項

A.Japanesefarmlandisnolongersafebecauseoftheneighboringfarmlandishighlypolluted.

B.Theconcentrationsinsoilofthesumofcaesium.-134andcaesium-137cannotexceed5,000becquerelsperkilogram.

C.Miyagi,TochigiandIbarakiareasexceedthelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoil.

D.Japaneseconsumersfromaffectedregionsdon’tworryaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofthefoodatall.

問題2選項

A.thefallingoftheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant

B.thehurricane

C.thefoodproductionis“severelyimpaired’

D.notmentioned

問題3選項

A.theocean

B.theair

C.thecoolingsystem

D.thefoodchain

問題4選項

A.Angry.

B.Worried.

C.Scared.

D.Unconcerned.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.A選項表達太絕對，排除，C選項根據(jù)第二段‘someneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"確定是’接近于‘不是’超過‘所以排除，D選項根據(jù)最后一段’ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.來自受影響地區(qū)的一些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品已被停止發(fā)貨，即便是那些不受官方控制的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，也沒有得到日本消費者的青睞，他們擔(dān)心這些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品可能對健康造成影響。確定與原文不符，排除，所以B選項正確。

2.文章第一段提到Fukushimaatomicdisaster，但是全文并沒有提及原因，所以D選項符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句‘Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.破壞的福島核電站反應(yīng)堆冷卻系統(tǒng)是把線下和被派往崩潰,導(dǎo)致輻射泄漏,進入空氣,海洋和食物鏈?？芍狝BD選項正確，C選項沒有提及，選擇C。

4.通過閱讀全文以及最后一段，可以知道日本人對這個問題是擔(dān)心的，所以B選項符合題意。

13.單選題

WhenthetimeforJane’s（

）came,therewasgreatsorrowinthehousehold.

問題1選項

A.separation

B.departure

C.depression

D.expedition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“離別，分別”；B選項“離開，出發(fā)”；C選項“沮喪，不景氣”；D選項“遠征，探險隊”。句意：當(dāng)時間到（），整個家庭都陷入到一種沉重的悲傷中。一般親人啟程去某個地方就會產(chǎn)生悲傷，所以答案選B。A選項后面應(yīng)該填人，或者主語為復(fù)數(shù)，所以不選。

14.單選題

Mrs.Blackfindsthatherpianohasalwayshadthemagicpoweroftakingherawayfromthegrimrealitiesofdailylifeand（

）hertofairylandofherownonceshestartedtoplay.

問題1選項

A.transforming

B.transporting

C.transplanting

D.transcending

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。transform“改變，使……變形”；transport“運輸；流放;使狂喜"；transplant“移植；移栽；使移居”；transcend“勝過，超越”。句意：布萊克太太發(fā)現(xiàn)只要她一彈鋼琴，自己就會被這架有魔法的鋼琴從現(xiàn)實世界帶入到自己的仙境。選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

Assoonastheboywasabletoearnhisownlivinghe（）hisparents'strictrules.

問題1選項

A.defied

B.refuted

C.excluded

D.vetoed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。defy“藐視，不服從”；refute“反駁，駁斥”；exclude“排除，排斥”；veto“否決，禁止”。句意：這個男孩能夠自己謀生之后就不服從他父母的那些嚴厲的規(guī)則了。A項符合題意。

16.翻譯題

40.地球快速變暖到了非常嚴峻的程度，而世界上最貧窮的國家成了極端氣候的最大受害者。未來的氣候變化可能帶來更頻繁和更嚴重的洪澇、旱災(zāi)和其他極端氣候事件，發(fā)展中國家至今還沒有良好的能力對付它們。

41.即使現(xiàn)在，地球上最貧窮的十億人口所產(chǎn)生的排放只占全球排放的3%，而最富有的十億人口占了全球排放的50%。全球還有16億人口無法獲得現(xiàn)代能源，沒有能源，國家就不能繁榮。富國只有采取強有力的行動以騰出一些大氣層的“污染空間”，當(dāng)?shù)褪杖雵以趯黹_始更多排放時，才可能使全球排放達到重新平衡。

42.未來十年發(fā)生的事情將深刻影響可供我們后代進行的選擇。延遲或不采取行動的代價是非常高的，我們必須現(xiàn)在就行動，必須用全人類的聰明才智和合作精神，來對付氣候危機。

43.雖然越來越多的人都知道氣候變暖，相信需要采取行動，但很少有人把它放在首位，太多的人在機會面前并沒有采取行動。所以，最大的挑戰(zhàn)在于改變行為方式和制度，尤其是富國。

【答案】40.Theplanetiswarmingrapidlytoseverelevels,andtheworld’spoorestcountriesarethebiggestvictimsofextremeweather.Futureclimatechangeislikelytobringmorefrequentandseverefloods,droughtsandotherextremeweathereventsthatdevelopingcountriesarenotyetwellequippedtodealwith.

41.Evennow,thepoorestbillionpeopleontheplanetaccountforonly3%ofglobalemissions,whiletherichestbillionpeopleaccountfor50%.Andtherearestill1.6billionpeopleintheworldwhodonothaveaccesstomodernenergy.Acountrycannotprosperwithoutenergy.Rebalancingglobalemissionswillbepossibleonlyifrichcountriestakestrongactiontofreeupsomeatmospheric“pollutionspace”,thuslow-incomecountriesstarttoemitmoreinthefuture.

42.Whathappensinthenextdecadewillprofoundlyaffectthechoicesavailabletofuturegenerations.Thecostsofdelayorinactionaretoohigh,andwemustactnowtotackletheclimatecrisiswiththeingenuityandcooperationofallhumanity.

43.Althoughagrowingnumberofpeopleareawareofglobalwarmingandbelievethatactionisneeded,fewputitfirst,andtoomanypeopledonottakeactioninthefaceofopportunity.Sothebiggestchallengeisaboutchangingbehaviorandsystem,especiallyinrichcountries.

17.單選題

Heinsistedthathe____untiltheworkisfinished.

問題1選項

A.didn’trest

B.notrest

C.wouldn’trest

D.don’trest

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.didn’trest不休息B.notrest不休息

C.wouldn’trest不休息D.don’trest不休息

【答案】B

【考查點】虛擬語氣。

【解題思路】這里考查insist的虛擬語氣。當(dāng)insist表示“堅持要求/堅持主張”，即that從句的動作當(dāng)時尚未發(fā)生的話，則賓語從句必須使用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞由“should+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,且should可以省略。對比選項，在這里句意為：他堅持工作完不成就不休息。因此用insist的虛擬語氣。所以是insist+shouldnot+動詞原形rest，should可以省略。因此選B。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均不符合虛擬語氣用法。

【句意】他堅持直到工作完成才會休息。

18.單選題

Anabstractis（

）

formofanacademicarticle.Manyjournalspublishabstractssoreaderscandecideifitisworthwhiletoreadthefullversionofthearticle.

問題1選項

A.concise

B.comprehensive

C.concrete

D.conceptual

【答案】A

【解析】concise簡明的，簡潔的；comprehensive綜合的，廣泛的；concrete具體的，有形的；conceptual概念上的。句意：摘要是學(xué)術(shù)文章的簡潔形式。許多學(xué)術(shù)期刊會刊登摘要，以便讀者決定是否值得閱讀全文。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Despitetheoppositionfromhisfamily,theboyremained（）inhisdecisiontomarryher.

問題1選項

A.faithful

B.constant

C.staunch

D.resolute

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項faithful“忠誠的”；B選項constant“不變的”；C選項staunch“堅定的，忠誠的”；D選項resolute“堅決的，果斷的”。句意：盡管遭到家人的反對，男孩還是下定決心要娶她。這里是指果斷的下定決心，所以選項D符合語境。

20.翻譯題

很多已經(jīng)發(fā)表的科學(xué)論文都有錯誤，各種因素導(dǎo)致了這個問題。統(tǒng)計錯誤比比皆是。在雜志決定刊載論文之前，審讀論文的同行審讀人（peerreviewers）在發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤方面比雜志或其他人更差；職業(yè)的壓力、競爭和進取心驅(qū)使科學(xué)家們更快地發(fā)表文章而失去了理智。更糟的是，科學(xué)家職業(yè)體系強調(diào)發(fā)表大量論文。“不發(fā)表論文就滅亡”的壓力已經(jīng)逐步地統(tǒng)治學(xué)術(shù)生活。

【答案】Therearemistakesinmanyscientificpapersalreadypublished.Variousfactorscontributetothisproblem.Statisticalerrorsmeettheeyeeverywhere.Beforejournalsdecidetopublishpapers,peerreviewersareinferiortojournalsorotherpeopleinfindingmistakes.Professionalpressure,competitionandenterprisepromptscientiststopublishpapersmorequicklybuttolosetheirsense.Worsestill,scientists’professionalsystememphasizesthepublicationofalargenumberofpapers.Thepressureofpublishingpapersorperishingisdominatingacademiclifegradually.

21.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

YourSmartphoneHasOfficiallyHijackedYourLife(46)It’stimeforyoutotakestepNo.1andacknowledgedthatthereisaproblemthatyouarepowerlesstoresolve—thatthemomentyouandyourdatefinishorderingdinneryoupulloutyoursmartphonesandstarttextingsoyoudon’thavetofacethepossibilityofsilence;thatyouhavecometobelievethatyoumore-or-lessactuallyhavereadWarandPeacebecauseyoureadtheplotsummaryonWikipedia;thatyoufindoutwhatyourkidisuptonotbytalkingtoherbutbymonitoringherFacebookpage;(47)thatatworkyousimplycannotgomorethan10minuteswithoutsurreptitiouslycheckingemailnomatterhowmuchelseyouhavetodo—andthatiftherearenonewmessagesyoufeellikeatotalloser;thatyou’realwaystakingpicturesofyourselfwithyourfriendssoyoucancheckonhowgoodyoulook;thatyoucheatonthecrosswordpuzzle;thateventhoughyou’remarriedyouarealwaysassessingyourmarketvalueon—whichisnotcheating,right?

(48)Butthinkoftheupsides.Youcannevergetlostanymore,youalwaysknowhowtopackforwhereveritisyou’regoing.Youdealwithfewermediocremeals,fewerhotelswithlousyservice.Therearenoticketlinesforthemovie,noneedforpick-uplinesatbarsorexcruciatingintroQ-and-Asatparties,noriskofboredomasyouplayTempleRunorcheckstockpricesbetweensubwaystops.(49)Goneisthefrustrationofnotbeingabletoidentifythesongyou’rehearing,ortheinadequacyofnotknowingthemeaningoftheacronymthattheknow-it-allinthenextofficeusedatyesterday’sstaffmeeting.Instantexpertiseoneverysubject,andallthedatayoucouldimaginetobackupyourownpersonalconvictionsabouttheevilsofgluten,deliveredtoyourbraininpredigestedparagraphs.Cameraatthereadyforeveryphotoop,voicerecorderforwhateverideapopsintoyourheadandoutofyourmouth.(50)Sowhatifyourattentionspanhasbeenfragmentedintonanoseconds,ifyoumeasureyoursociallifebyFacebookfriends,yourprofessionalworthbyGooglehits,andtheworstwordsyoucanimagineare“airplanemode”?

Weareallone-marshmallowOCDnarcissists,grantedbyourdevicesthemagicofcomprehensiveinstantgratification,ofself-reinforcingworldviews,ofcontroloverthedailyminutiaofourfatesandfortunes.Tonotbeirrevocablyaddictedtooursmartphoneswouldbesenseless.

Thatbeingsaid,whyisitthattheessenceofourapp-mediatedexistenceseemssoeerilyreminiscentofsomeofourmostfamousandenduringvisionsofdystopia?

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.是時候采取第一步，承認你有一個無力解決的問題。

47.在工作中，不管你還有多少事要做，你根本無法超過十分鐘不去偷偷地查看郵件，而且如果沒有新消息，你會覺得自己是一個十足的失敗者。

48.但是想想好的方面。你再也不會迷路了，而且無論去哪里，你都知道怎么打包行李。

49.無法辨別聽到的歌曲的挫敗感，或者不知道隔壁辦公室那個萬事通在昨天的員工會議上使用的首字母縮略詞的意思的不足感都已經(jīng)消失了。

50.所以，如果你的注意力被分割成幾納秒，如果你用臉書上的好友數(shù)來衡量你的社交生活，用谷歌點擊量來衡量你的職業(yè)價值而你能想到的最糟糕的詞是“飛行模式”，那將會怎么樣？

22.單選題

（

）asonlyasecond-rateImpressionistpainter,Pisarrohasrecentlyreceivedhighpraisefromartcritics.

問題1選項

A.Hewaslongregarded

B.Longwasheregarded

C.Longregarded

D.Beinglongregarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查分詞做狀語。再由這里事情的發(fā)生有先后順序知使用一般過去式的C項正確；D項的被動式現(xiàn)在分詞表原因，所以不正確。句意：長期以來，Pisarro一直被認為是二流印象派畫家，最近他受到了藝術(shù)評論家的高度贊揚。

23.單選題

Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit（

）whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.

問題1選項

A.compacted

B.dispersed

C.delayed

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。compacted“壓縮；壓緊”；dispersed“分散；傳播”；delayed“延遲”；restricted“限制”。句意：我們都有自由選擇權(quán)，不喜歡在社會的法律和道德界限內(nèi)看到自由被限制。選項D符合題意。

24.單選題

Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegree______whichthestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.

問題1選項

A.to

B.of

C.with

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項to“對”，B項of“……的”，C項with“和”，D項in“在……里”。Todegree表示“在……程度上，到……的程度”，thestudents’potentialityisdeveloped修飾thedegree，degree后面如果要用從句的話，在用which的同時還要加上介詞to。句意：教學(xué)質(zhì)量應(yīng)以學(xué)生潛能開發(fā)的程度來衡量。因此A項正確。

25.單選題

Ittookusonlyafewhoursto______thepaperoffallfourwalls.

問題1選項

A.shear

B.scrape

C.stroke

D.chip

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.shear給（羊）剪（羊毛），剪（頭發(fā)）

B.scrape刮掉，削去

C.stroke輕撫，撫摩（動物的毛皮、物體表面或頭發(fā)等）D.chip打破，將（土豆等）切條，鑿下（碎片、屑片）

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的關(guān)鍵詞paper（紙）可知，空格處表示“刮掉”符合語義。因此，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】我們只花了幾個小時就把四面墻的紙刮掉了。

26.單選題

Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

問題1選項

A.conceive

B.clutch

C.cherish

D.contrive

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。conceive“構(gòu)思，懷孕，考慮”；clutch“緊握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“設(shè)計，發(fā)明，圖謀”。

句意：在未來的很多年里我們都會珍惜這個美好的時刻。選項C符合題意。

27.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanevenearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolutiontheshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon（擾亂）European’sprivatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegativedarkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanidealwomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufrnann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlongiftheystartatall.EppendorfablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdidgiveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問題1選項

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問題2選項

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmericanstylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

問題3選項

A.warmandlightheated

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問題4選項

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問題5選項

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe"irresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury.（一位法國社會學(xué)家認為，從家庭生活到獨處生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，是上個世紀(jì)“不可抗拒的個人主義勢頭”的一部分）可知A選項“他們受到強烈的個人主義的驅(qū)使”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.（在歐洲從社會民主向更尖銳、更個人主義的美國式資本主義轉(zhuǎn)變的過程中，當(dāng)代的獨居者逐漸成熟）可知B選項“歐洲社會越來越接近美國式的資本主義”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoiceTheywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!（最新一批單身人士是三四十歲的高收入者，他們越來越認為獨居是一種生活方式的選擇……他們年輕，漂亮，強壯?。┛芍狣選項“健康和富有”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中I'vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.（我總是做我想做的事：過一種自主的生活）可知A選項“一些現(xiàn)代女性更喜歡個人自由的生活”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了越來越多的歐洲人選擇在年輕時保持單身；第二段講述了歐洲經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展促進了獨立趨勢，使人們具有獨立生活的能力；第三段講述了越來越多的高收入者選擇獨居生活；第四段舉例人們選擇單身的原因與個人事業(yè)發(fā)展有關(guān)。本文一直都是圍繞單身這個主題來展開闡述，已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢，因此C選項“研究年輕人獨居的趨勢”符合題意。

28.單選題

Hemanagedto（）hiswayintoheraffection.

問題1選項

A.tail

B.worm

C.wolf

D.rocket

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項tail“尾隨，裝上尾巴”；B選項worm“使蠕動，使緩慢、曲折前進”；wormone’swayinto“隱藏真正的意圖混入某個地區(qū)或組織，混入，費一番功夫打入”，例如：Hemanagetowormhiswayintoherlife.（他設(shè)法騙取信任進入了她的生活。）；C選項wolf“大吃，狼吞虎咽地吃”；D選項rocket”迅速增加，飛速移動”。句意：他設(shè)法贏得他的喜愛。由選項意思和固定搭配可知，B選項符合句意。

29.單選題

Afterconsideringvariousalternatives,wedecidedto______ouroriginalplan.

問題1選項

A.hangon

B.holdto

C.taketo

D.seeto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項hangon“堅持下去，握住不放”，尤指不掛上電話以等待想要的或要求的事物；B項holdto“堅持，緊握”，指堅持某個看法或路線；C項taketo“喜歡，開始從事”，D項seeto“注意，負責(zé)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞originalplan“原來的計劃”結(jié)合前半句句子意思“在考慮了各種替代方案后”可知，空格部分表示“堅持”，所以只有B項符合語境。句意：考慮了各種可選擇的方案后，我們決定堅持原來的計劃。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

30.單選題

Passage3Theprocessofperceivingothersisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms.“Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.”Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpoint(強調(diào))hisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideas,andcharacters.Furthermorewesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly—perhapswithatwo-secondglance.

Wetrytoobtainformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers;whoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknownothers'behavior,observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor,deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson’sresponsestospecificstimuli(刺激因素),askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher,andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson—question,self-disclosures,andsoon.

Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepteideathatwewon’teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically,thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.disclosesandtruthfulstatement).

31.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelytobeinterestedin______.

32.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.AccordingtoBerger,thatismainlybecause______.

33.Wemayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthimbecause______.

34.Therearethingsthatwefindpreventingusfromknowingothers.Thesethingsare______.

35.Thispassagemainlyconcerns______.

問題1選項

A.whathewears

B.howtallheis

C.howhappyheis

D.whatcolorhedyeshishair

問題2選項

A.somepeoplearemoreemotionalthanothers

B.somepeoplearenotawareofthefactthatwewillnevercompletelyknowanotherperson

C.somepeoplearesensitiveenoughtosensethechangeofotherpeople’sattitudes

D.somepeoplechoosetokeeptothemselves

問題3選項

A.wedon’taccepttheideathatwemightneverfullyknowanotherperson

B.weoftengetinformationinacasualandinexactway

C.wepaymoreattentiontootherpeoplesmotivationsandemotions

D.weoftenhaveface-to-faceconversationwithhim

問題4選項

A.disclosures

B.deceptions

C.stimuli

D.interactions

問題5選項

A.theperceptionofotherpeople

B.therelationshipbetweenpeople

C.secretsanddeceptionsofpeople

D.people’sattitudesandcharacter

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】31.【選項釋義】

31.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelytobeinterestedin______.31.根據(jù)文章，如果我們感知一個人，我們可能會對______感興趣。

A.whathewearsA.他的穿著

B.howtallheisB.他的身高

C.howhappyheisC.他有多快樂

D.whatcolorhedyeshishairD.他染什么顏色的頭發(fā)

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第三句“更多的時候（Moreoften），我們試圖進入對方的內(nèi)心，找出他或她的態(tài)度、情感、動機、能力、想法和性格”可知，在感知一個人的時候，我們更多的是進入對方的內(nèi)心，感知他或她的態(tài)度、情感、動機、能力、想法和性格，C項“他有多快樂”屬于情感上的感知，故該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A項“他的穿著”、B項“他的身高”和D項“他染什么顏色的頭發(fā)”都不屬于感知對方內(nèi)心的內(nèi)容，這三項屬于曲解原文。

32.【選項釋義】

32.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.Ac