考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川輕化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川輕化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)instead“代替；反而；相反”；B選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而，不過(guò)”；C選項(xiàng)therefore“因此；所以”；D選項(xiàng)otherwise“否則；另外”。句意：這些國(guó)家公園對(duì)保護(hù)許多動(dòng)物非常重要，否則這些動(dòng)物將面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。前后部分為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Opinionpollssuggestthattheapprovalrateofthepresidentisontheincrease.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreement

B.consensus

C.permission

D.support

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。approval表示“批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可”；A項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)議，同意”，B項(xiàng)consensus“一致，合意”，C項(xiàng)permission“允許，許可”，D項(xiàng)support“支持”。句意：民意調(diào)查顯示，總統(tǒng)的支持率在上升。根據(jù)句意可知，approval在句子中表示“支持”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)符合。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Someoftheonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)carry“拿，運(yùn)送，攜帶”；B選項(xiàng)cashier“開(kāi)除，解雇”；C選項(xiàng)coincide“同時(shí)發(fā)生，相符，一致”；D選項(xiàng)collect“收集，收藏，收取”。while表示對(duì)比關(guān)系，由Someoftheonlineservicesarefree（一些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的）可知其它一些是收費(fèi)的，因此選D。句意：有些在線服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的，有些則收取費(fèi)用。

4.單選題

ThefirstnavigationallightsintheNewWorldwereprobablylanternshungatharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paidforandmaintainedby“l(fā)ightdues”leviedonships,theoriginalbeaconwasblownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenorsotruelighthousesinthecolony.Littleoveracenturylater,therewere700lighthouses.

ThefirstlighterectedontheWestCoastinthe1850sfeaturedthesamebasicNewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetowerrisingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere,though,lighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrick,othersofwoodormetal.Somestoodonpilingsorstilts;somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farthersouth,fromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeys,thecoastwaslowandsandy.Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.

Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn).Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon:akeeperand,usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthelanternwickinordertomaintainasteady,brightflame.Theearliestkeeperscamefromeverywalkoflife--theywereseamen,farmers,mechanics,roughmillhands—andappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersaspoliticalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard,anagencyoftheTreasuryDepartment,thekeepercorpsgraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.WhydoestheauthormentiontheMassachusettsBayColony?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatlighthousesintheNortheastdidnotneedhightowersbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,wherecanthetallestbricklighthouseintheUnitedStatesbefound?

5.Inthesecondsentenceofparagraph3,whichofthefollowingdoestheword“They”referto?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheLighthouseonLittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheLifeofaLighthouseKeeper

C.EarlyLighthousesintheUnitedStates

D.TheModernProfessionofLighthouse-Keeping

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItwastheheadquartersoftheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard.

B.Manyofthetallestlighthouseswerebuiltthere.

C.Thefirstlanternwicksweredevelopedthere.

D.ThefirstlighthouseinNorthAmericawasbuiltthere.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.shiptherehadhighmasts

B.coastalwatersweresafe

C.thecoastwasstraightandunobstructed

D.thelighthousewerebuiltonhighplaces

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.LittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheFloridaKeys

C.CapeHatteras

D.CapeCod

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Lighthouses

B.Differences

C.Quarters

D.Feature

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)的是“以下哪個(gè)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題？”。文章主要介紹了新世界早期的燈塔建設(shè)、特點(diǎn)還有發(fā)展，所以選項(xiàng)C“美國(guó)早期的燈塔”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“為什么作者要提到馬薩諸塞灣殖民地？”文章第一段提到“第一個(gè)燈塔是馬薩諸塞灣殖民地1716年在波士頓港灣的入口小布魯斯特島建造的”（ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor），由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“北美第一個(gè)燈塔是在那里建立的”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“從文章中可知東北部的燈塔不需要高塔的原因是什么？”文章第二段提到“由于東北部的大多數(shù)燈塔都是修建在巖石高地上，所以那里一般沒(méi)有很大的高塔”（SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章可知美國(guó)最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔在哪里？”文章第二段提到“在那里需要修建高的燈塔，比如1870年修建的位于北卡羅萊納州哈特拉斯角處的宏偉燈塔那樣的大型建筑。高190英尺，是這個(gè)國(guó)家最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔”（Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是“第三段第二句話中的‘they’指什么？”文章第三段第一句話提到“盡管在外表和結(jié)構(gòu)上大部分美國(guó)燈塔有幾個(gè)共同特征：有燈、生活住所和一個(gè)鐘表（之后用的是喇叭）”（Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn)）；第三段第二句話提到“它們還有別的共同點(diǎn)”（theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon），從這里可知they指的是前面的lighthouse。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Wewerefourscoresleftbehindwithfiveminutestogo,sothegamelookedcompletely（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irresistible

B.irretrievable

C.irremissible

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意‘比賽只剩下五分鐘了但我們落后四分，所以這場(chǎng)比賽看上去已完全無(wú)法挽救了?！芍?yàn)楸确謶沂猓赃@場(chǎng)比賽的勝利己經(jīng)無(wú)法改變了。A選項(xiàng)irresistible“不可抵抗的”;irretrievable“不能彌補(bǔ)的”；C選項(xiàng)irremissible“無(wú)法逃避的”；D選項(xiàng)irreplaceable“不可替代的”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

TheGreyhound______outsideofNewYorkBusStationat6p.m.andstartedforWashingtonD.C.at6:20p.m.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulledup

B.pulleddown

C.pulledout

D.pulledon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)pulledup“停下來(lái)”；B選項(xiàng)pulleddown“推翻”；C選項(xiàng)pulledout“推翻”；D選項(xiàng)pulledon“穿”。句意：灰狗巴士下午6點(diǎn)在紐約公交車(chē)站外停下，6點(diǎn)20分開(kāi)往華盛頓特區(qū)。本句表示巴士停車(chē)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Wagesforworkerinthepublic（

）

oftheeconomydon’talwayskeepupwiththose

forworkerintheprivateone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.branch

B.sector

C.portion

D.section

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Branch“分支”；sector“部門(mén)”；portion“部分”；section“部門(mén)”。句意：公有制企業(yè)中的工人的工資并不是總能趕上私有制企業(yè)工人的工資。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

CharlesReznikoof(1894-1976)workedrelentlessly,neverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywood,ofallplaces.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke,andoftenpublishedhisownworks;intheDepressionera,hemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhisbasement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics;longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersources,oftenfromtheJudaictradition;andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocausttrialsandfromthecourtroomsoftum-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles“Testimony”,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifetodefinehispoetry,itwasnotthewordhechose.

“Objectivist”,hewrote,naminghislongstandinggroup,andmimickingpoeticstylewithasingleprosesentence:“imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedbytheobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse;wordspithyandplain;withouttheartificeofregularmeters;themes,chieflyJewish,American,urban.”Ifthesentencesoundshard-won,thisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier,hewroteinalettertofriends,“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.

Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.

BornachildofimmigrantsinBrooklynin1894,hewasinjournalismschoolat16,tookalawdegreeat21.Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguage,hewrote,“isrestrictedalmosttothetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.”Ifthissuggestsacongenitaloptimismaboutthelaw,itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoofisunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethatworldisworthgettingright.Notthegloriousorthedamagedworld,buttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthecase.Reznikoof’sfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynolesssocialthanspiritual,nogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork.Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch,numbered69inthevolume“JerusalemtheGolden”runsinitslength:“Amongtheheapsofbrickandplasterliesagirder,stillitselfamongtherubbish.”ThisexemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoof’spoetryitself,immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.

1.Bysaying“itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany”(Line8,Paragraph1)theauthorimplies（

）.

2.Reznikoff'sattitudetothefactthathewasgroupedasobjectivistis（

）.

3.Theword“rankled”(Line2,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthat（

）.

5.Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto（b）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.CharlesReznikoffalwayswroteworksabouttestimony

B.CharlesReznikoofwasalwaysinvolvedinthetestimonyaffairs

C.CharlesReznikooflikedtowritetestimony

D.CharlesReznikoofisbusylawyer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.indifference

C.opposition

D.suspicionNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.interested

B.angered

C.pleased

D.consoled

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Reznuikofflikedtolearnlaw

B.Reznikoffwasmoreinterestedinspiritualworldthaninsocialworld

C.itisastonishingthatReznikoffwrotecare-filledpoetry

D.Reznikoffwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhislegalexperienceinhispoetrywriting

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.showthattheforceislessenedinthisway

B.showthatthepoemisnotimpressionistic

C.showthatthepoemisimmutable

D.showthatthepoemiscompressed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles‘Testimony’,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.其中兩卷書(shū)的標(biāo)題是證詞，就像早期的散文作品一樣；這是一個(gè)和他形影不離的詞?！笨芍闋査瓜矚g寫(xiě)一些和證詞相關(guān)的作品。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.這個(gè)月的詩(shī)里有一篇關(guān)于我的詩(shī)的學(xué)習(xí)文章，從中我了解到我是一個(gè)客觀主義者。這位學(xué)者就是路易?祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客觀主義者，我對(duì)于詩(shī)歌的形式和內(nèi)容都不同意他的觀點(diǎn)，但是我不得不把我的一些東西放在這里和那里。雷茲尼考夫1931年的結(jié)論是這樣的，其中不乏禮貌的不滿。”可知查爾斯對(duì)于路易斯稱其為客觀主義者持不贊成的態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義題。由第三段“Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派是講述詩(shī)歌歷史的隨意、非物質(zhì)的東西。這肯定會(huì)…查爾斯，因?yàn)樗膶?xiě)作生涯主要是描述物質(zhì)和必然的東西?！备鶕?jù)前后句關(guān)系可判斷兩者存在矛盾，即運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)派講述的東西會(huì)讓查爾斯很生氣。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.雖然他對(duì)法律實(shí)踐不感興趣，但這些想法將是他寫(xiě)作的核心?！笨芍稍诓闋査沟脑?shī)歌創(chuàng)作中起到了很大的作用，故D項(xiàng)“查爾斯的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作深受法律經(jīng)驗(yàn)的影響”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.這本詩(shī)集收集了他所有的詩(shī)歌（但對(duì)于那些已經(jīng)有書(shū)本長(zhǎng)度的詩(shī)歌來(lái)說(shuō)），采用了一次壓縮五六頁(yè)的技術(shù)。這可以削弱力量；雖然不比手動(dòng)印刷機(jī)更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一種美國(guó)俳句。”后面引用了一首詩(shī)作為被壓縮之后的詩(shī)歌的例子。故D項(xiàng)“顯示這首詩(shī)被壓縮了”正確。

9.單選題

Aconditionisanessentialtermofthecontract.Ifacontractisnotperformed,itmayconstituteasubstantialbreachofcontractandallowtheotherpartyto（

）thecontract,thatis,treatthecontractasdischargedorterminated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.repudiate

B.spurn

C.decline

D.halt

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)repudiate“拒絕，拒不履行（法律）；否定”；B選項(xiàng)spurn“擯棄；藐視”；C選項(xiàng)decline“謝絕；下降；衰落”；D選項(xiàng)halt“停止；躊躇”。句意：條件是合同的一個(gè)重要條款。如果合同不履行，就可能構(gòu)成對(duì)合同的實(shí)質(zhì)性違約，并允許另一方……合同，即將合同視為解除或終止。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Althoughhehadbeengivenseveraltraffictickets,thedriver（）thathehadnotbeenresponsibleforasingleaccident.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defended

B.acknowledged

C.inferred

D.contended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。defend辯護(hù)；acknowledged承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)；inferred推測(cè)；contended主張，為…競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。句意：盡管他收到了幾張交通罰單，但司機(jī)辯護(hù)稱他對(duì)這幾起交通事故都沒(méi)有責(zé)任。由Although可知前后兩句是讓步關(guān)系。雖然該司機(jī)收到幾張罰單，但他辯護(hù)….故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Theseeingeyedogwastheblindman’s（

）companion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.continual

B.consistent

C.constant

D.continuous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:導(dǎo)盲犬是盲人忠誠(chéng)的同伴。

考查形容詞辨析。continual持續(xù)不斷的，頻繁的；consistent始終如—的，—致的，堅(jiān)持的;constant忠誠(chéng)的，忠貞的，不變的，恒定的，經(jīng)常的;continuous連續(xù)的，持續(xù)的。因此C符合句意。

12.單選題

Ascientificlawisliableatanytimetoneed（）,thatisaneternaltruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.modifying

B.changing

C.revising

D.adjusting

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在任何時(shí)候，科學(xué)定律都是需要修改的，這是永恒的真理。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。modify修改，調(diào)整，修飾；change變化;revise修改，修訂，校正;adjust調(diào)整。Modify和revise都有“修改”的意思，但modify指對(duì)計(jì)劃、方法、制度、條款等做細(xì)小的更改；而revise指由于新情況的出現(xiàn)或經(jīng)過(guò)更多的思考而對(duì)原有觀點(diǎn)、想法或作品加以修正，因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

13.單選題

Withordersandcounter-orders,andwithpressuremountingonallsides,thequestionofwherehewastogoagain（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascometothefore

B.cametothefore

C.hadcometothefore

D.cametothespotlight

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。cometothefore“出現(xiàn)”。題中的句子只是一個(gè)普通的過(guò)去陳述句，所以選B。D選項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)在聚光燈下”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。句意：由于匯票、還盤(pán)以及各方面的壓力的攀升，他要去哪里的問(wèn)題又……出來(lái)了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Sofar,thepolicecanonly（）onthepossiblemotivesforthekilling.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceive

B.speculate

C.assume

D.imagine

【答案】B

【解析】conceive"構(gòu)思,設(shè)想";speculate"推測(cè)";assume"假定;承擔(dān)";imagine"想象,猜想"。句意：到目前為止,警方只能推測(cè)可能的殺人動(dòng)機(jī)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.單選題

21-25

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.About10,000,000.

B.About1,000,000.

C.About100,000.

D.About10,000.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Acocktailofvitamins.

B.Acocktailofvitaminsplusmagnesium.

C.ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandE.

D.E.D.

E.D.Thecombinationofminerals23.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thedelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.

B.Theinnerearcells.

C.Theeardrums.

D.Theinnerearossicles.24.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.GeneralMotors(通用汽車(chē)公司).

B.TheUnitedAutoWorkers(汽車(chē)工會(huì)).

C.NIH.

D.Allofabove25.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AnindustrialtrialinSpain.

B.Militarytrials(軍事審判)inSpainandSweden.

C.IndustrialtrialsinSpainandSweden.

D.AtrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFlorida.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】(21)About10millionpeopleintheU.S.alone,fromtroopsreturningfromwartostudentswithmusicblastingthroughheadphonesaresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss.TheriseintrendissomethingthatresearchersandphysiciansattheUniversityofMichiganCresgoHearingResearchInstitutearehopingtoreverse,withthecocktailofvitaminsandthemineralmagnesium(鎂)thatshallpromiseasapossiblewaytopreventhearinglosscausedbyloudnoise.Thenutrientsweresuccessfulinlaboratorytests.Andnowresearchersaretestingwhetherhumanswillbenefitaswell.(22)ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesiumisgivenonpillformtopatientswhoareparticipatingintheresearch.DevelopedattheUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitute,themedication,calledOralQuell,isdesignedtobetakenbeforeapersonisexposedtotheloudnoise.Untiladecadeago,itwasthoughtthatnoisedamagedhearingbyintensemechanicalvibrationsthatdestroyeddelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.Therewasnointerventiontoprotecttheinnerearotherthanreducingtheintensityofsoundreachingit,suchasearplugswhicharenotalwayseffective.(23)Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells.Andthatallowsthediscoveryofinterventiontopreventtheseeffects.(24)Thelaboratoryresearchthatledtoanewunderstandingofmechanismsunderlyingnoise-inducedhearinglosswasfundedbyNIH,thePreclinicalTranslationResearchthatledtotheformulationofOralQuellaseffectivepreventativewasfundedbyGeneralMotorsandtheUnitedAutoWorkers.NowOralQuellisbeingtestedinasetoffourmultinationalhumanclinicaltrials:(25)militarytrialsinSwedenandSpain,andindustrialtrialsinSpainandthetrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFloridawholistentomusicathighvolumesontheiriPodsandotherPDAs.

21.Accordingtothetalk,howmanyvictimsofhearingproblemarethereintheUnitedStatesalone?

【解析】原文一開(kāi)頭便提到：About10millionpeopleintheU.S.Alone…aresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss，即聽(tīng)力受損的大約有1000萬(wàn)人。

22.WhichdidUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitutedeveloptopreventhearingloss?

【解析】原文中說(shuō)該研究采用的是“combinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesium”，選項(xiàng)B“維生素和鎂的混合藥”正確。

23.Accordingtothelatestfindings,whatdoesloudnoisedamage?

【解析】文中提到“Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells”，即噪音產(chǎn)生的原子能損害內(nèi)耳的細(xì)胞。

24.Accordingtothetalk,whosupportedthelabresearch?

【解析】題目問(wèn)這一研究由誰(shuí)支持，文中提到了NIH國(guó)家衛(wèi)生研究所。

25.WhichofthefollowingisnotincludedasthemultinationalhumanclinicaltrialsforOralQuell?

【解析】題目問(wèn)哪一個(gè)不屬于多國(guó)人類臨床試驗(yàn)，只有C選項(xiàng)與原文不一致。

16.單選題

Thisisoneoftheanimalsthatcanthecoloroftheirsurroundings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeup

B.takein

C.takeon

D.taketo

【答案】C

【解析】詞組題。A選項(xiàng)takeup拿起，開(kāi)始從事，占據(jù)；B選項(xiàng)takein吸收，理解，欺騙；C選項(xiàng)takeon承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，具有；D選項(xiàng)taketo喜歡，走向，開(kāi)始從事。句意：這種動(dòng)物是那種可以隨著環(huán)境的顏色而改變身體顏色的種類。因此，C項(xiàng)“呈現(xiàn)”符合題意。

17.單選題

Mosttraditionalfolksongsareofanonymousorigin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insignificant

B.inconspicuous

C.unusual

D.unknown

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。anonymous表示“匿名的，無(wú)名的”；A項(xiàng)insignificant“無(wú)關(guān)緊要的”，B項(xiàng)inconspicuous“不起眼的，不引起注意的”，C項(xiàng)unusual“不尋常的，與眾不同的”，D項(xiàng)unknown“未知的”。句意：大多數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)民間歌曲的作者都無(wú)從得知。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

18.翻譯題

1.Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthehighstreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoice.Therewill,however,beacost:protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhigh-streetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.

2.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonascreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theon-linecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.

23.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Then,lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.

24.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.

Consumerswillstillneedtousetheirjudgment.Butpreciselybecausethetechnologyisnew,electronicshoppersarelikelyforawhiletobealotmorecautiousthanconsumersofthenormalsort—andthenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown.Inthisway,atleast,theadventofcyberspacemayargueforfewerconsumerprotectionlaws,notmore.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】1.就大多數(shù)人而言，購(gòu)物仍然意味著沿著大街閑逛或者在大型購(gòu)物中心裝滿購(gòu)物車(chē)。不久，這種情況會(huì)有所改變。電子商務(wù)迅猛發(fā)展，不久會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)更多的選擇。然而，這需要付出代價(jià)：保護(hù)顧客使之免受欺騙會(huì)更加困難。因此，許多政府想把街道的條例延伸到電子世界。

2.富裕國(guó)家的消費(fèi)者已習(xí)慣于這樣的觀念，政府應(yīng)對(duì)一切負(fù)責(zé)，包括銀行的穩(wěn)定和藥物的安全，以及退回有缺陷商品的權(quán)利，但是一些政府不會(huì)把國(guó)家的法律強(qiáng)加給只在本國(guó)屏幕上出現(xiàn)的企業(yè)。

3.一種回答是：政府之間要進(jìn)行更多的合作，即承認(rèn)彼此的條例，但這需要許多詳細(xì)的條例，許多國(guó)家制定的條例純屬空想，以至于一些嚴(yán)肅的國(guó)家不愿接受，那么就讓電子企業(yè)自我約束吧。

4.在電子商務(wù)中，誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)的聲譽(yù)會(huì)成為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的無(wú)價(jià)之寶。為了贏得信譽(yù)，一些政府也可能會(huì)展開(kāi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。譬如說(shuō)，在網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)藥品的顧客可能愿意從美國(guó)那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈攀称芳八幤饭芾砭值膰?yán)格審查，他們也有可能斷定食品及藥品管理局的條例過(guò)于苛刻，因而從瑞士那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

19.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:InthefollowingisanEnglishProverb“Onlythewearerknowswheretheshoepinches”.Presentyouropinionsontheproverb,usingreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.Writeacompositionofabout350words,providingatitleforyourcomposition.

【答案】【略】

20.單選題

Youmustbe（

）whenbuyingausedcar;besuretheengineisingoodcondition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weary

B.zealous

C.wary

D.wily

【答案】C

【解析】weary疲倦的，厭煩的；zealous熱心的，積極的；wary謹(jǐn)慎的，考慮周到的；wily狡猾的，詭計(jì)多端的。句意：當(dāng)你買(mǎi)二手車(chē)時(shí)一定要小心謹(jǐn)慎，確保發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)處于良好狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

21.翻譯題

41.人類社會(huì)中的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)大體源于兩方面的缺乏。第一是資源的缺乏：爭(zhēng)奪對(duì)國(guó)家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的稀缺戰(zhàn)略資源往往是一國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的重要?jiǎng)右?。第二是信任的缺乏：這種缺乏常常導(dǎo)致國(guó)家在宗教、文化、意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面的持續(xù)對(duì)抗，并由此引發(fā)軍事沖突。

42.一方面，投資的滯后牽制了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)，而另一方面，持續(xù)的消費(fèi)熱在一定程度上緩解了經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退。

43.大學(xué)里學(xué)到的知識(shí)還相當(dāng)粗淺，研究生階段才開(kāi)始研究學(xué)問(wèn)，但在這個(gè)時(shí)期也只能算是初涉學(xué)術(shù)，更加注重的應(yīng)是領(lǐng)悟研究的方法。

【答案】41.Warsinhumansocietyariselargelyfromtwodeficiencies.Thefirstisthelackofresources:thescrambleforscarcestrategicresources,whicharevitaltonationalsecurityandeconomicdevelopment,isoftenanimportantmotivationforacountrytolaunchawar.Thesecondisalackoftrust:thislackhasoftenledtoongoingrivalriesbetweencountriesoverreligion,culture,ideology,etc.,whichleadstomilitaryconflicts.

42.Ontheonehand,thelagofinvestmenthasheldbackeconomicgrowth,whileontheother,thesustainedconsumptionboomhasalleviatedtheeconomicrecessiontoacertainextent.

43.Whatyouareimpartedduringuniversityissomethingquitesuperficial,andtheresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarejusttheplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttasteoflearningwhereemphasisisonresearchmethodologyandpractice.

22.單選題

Evidencecameup（

）specificsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whose

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。通過(guò)分析句子可知，后面specificsoundsarerecognized…是對(duì)前面的evidence的解釋說(shuō)明，是同位語(yǔ)，并且是個(gè)完整的句子，所以此處用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

23.單選題

Youshould（

）yourselfwiththerelevantfactsbeforemakingadecision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquaint

B.acquire

C.acknowledge

D.attempt

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)acquaint“使熟悉，使認(rèn)識(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”；D選項(xiàng)attempt“企圖，嘗試”。句意：在做決定之前，你應(yīng)該熟悉相關(guān)的事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

24.單選題

Thepatternsofspokenlanguageare（）fromthoseofwriting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinct

B.distinctive

C.distinguished

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinct“獨(dú)特的，有區(qū)別的”，bedistinctfrom=bedifferentfrom，表示“與……不同”；B選項(xiàng)distinctive“有特色的，與眾不同的”；C選項(xiàng)distinguished“卓越的，著名的”；D選項(xiàng)distinguishing“有區(qū)別的”，英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有bedistinguishingfrom這樣搭配。句意：口語(yǔ)的模式不同于書(shū)面語(yǔ)的模式。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

25.單選題

Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatthesealevel.Nearlyone-thirdofallhumanbeingslivewithin36milesofacoastline.Mostoftheworld’sgreatseaportcitieswouldbe（1）:NewOrleans,Amsterdam,Shanghai,andCairo.Somecountries—MaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,islandsinthePacific—wouldbeinundated.HeavilypopulatedcoastalareassuchasinBangladeshandEgypt,（2）largepopulationsoccupylow-lyingareas,wouldsufferextreme（3）.

Warmeroceanswouldspawnstrongerhurricanesandtyphoons,（4）incoastalflooding,possiblyswampingvaluableagriculturallandsaroundtheworld.（5）waterqualitymayresultas（6）floodingwhichforcessaltwaterintocoastalirrigationanddrinkingwatersupplies,andirreplaceable,natural（7）couldbefloodedwithoceanwater,destroyingforevermanyofthe（8）plantandanimalspecieslivingthere.

Foodsuppliesandforestswouldbe（9）affected.Changesinrainfallpatternswoulddisruptagriculture.Warmertemperatureswould（10）grain-growingregionspole-wards.Thewarmingwouldalsoincreaseandchangethepestplants,suchasweedsandtheinsects（11）thecrops.

Humanhealthwouldalsobeaffected.Warmingcould（12）tropicalclimatebringingwithityellowfever,malaria,andotherdiseases.Heatstressandheatmortalitycouldrise.Theharmful（13）oflocalizedurbanairpollutionwouldverylikelybemoreseriousinwarmer（14）.Therewillbesome（15）fromwarming.Newsea-laneswillopenintheArctic,longergrowingseasonsfurthernorthwill（16）newagriculturallands,andwarmertemperaturewillmakesomeoftoday’scolderregionsmore（17）.Butthesebenefitswillbeinindividualareas.Thenaturalsystems一bothplantandanimal—willbelessablethanmantocopeand（18）.Anychangeoftemperature,rainfall,andsealevelofthemagnitudenow（19）willbedestructivetonaturalsystemsandlivingthingsandhencetomanaswell.

Thelistofpossibleconsequencesofglobalwarmingsuggestsveryclearlythatwemustdoeverythingwecannowtounderstanditscausesandeffectsandtotakeallmeasurespossibletopreventandadapttopotentialandinevitabledisruptions（20）byglobalwarming.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascended

B.assaulted

C.erased

D.endangered

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.dislocation

B.discontent

C.distribution

D.distinction

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.rebuking

B.rambling

C.resulting

D.rallying

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Increased

B.Reduced

C.Expanded

D.Saddened

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.inland

B.coastal

C.urban

D.suburban

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.dry-land

B.mountain

C.wetlands

D.forest

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.precious

C.interesting

D.exciting

問(wèn)題9選