考研考博-英語-山東政法學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東政法學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

It’snicetohaveclosefriendsandfamilyyoucan（

），butitliftsahugeweightoffyourshoulderswhenyouknowthatyoucouldsurviveonyourownifyouhadto.

問題1選項

A.copewith

B.counton

C.conformto

D.committo

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。copewith“處理，應(yīng)付”；counton“指望，依賴”；conformto“符合，遵照”；committo“交付，致力于”。句意為：有親密的朋友和家人可以依靠固然很好，但是當(dāng)你知道在不得已的情況下，你可以獨立生活，那時你便會卸下一身重?fù)?dān)。選項B符合句意。

2.單選題

問題1選項

A.Todropherbusinessproposal.

B.Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.

C.Toweighlossesandgainsofthebusiness.

D.Tosubmittheproposalbeforethedeadline.

【答案】B

【解析】4.W:Wouldyouliketohearaboutmynewbusinessproposal?I’vebeenthinkingaboutitforalongtime.AndIthinkitcouldbereallyprofitabletostartexportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.

M:ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.

Q:Whatisthewomanaskedtodo?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：女士被要求做什么？由文中“ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.（出口3D醫(yī)療打印技術(shù)到中國，我想你還需要細(xì)化一下方案）”，可知B選項“Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.（要詳細(xì)闡述一下她的建議）”符合原文。A選項“不考慮她的商業(yè)建議”；C選項“衡量企業(yè)的損益”；D選項“在截至日期之前提交提案”不符合原文。

3.單選題

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（

）.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.restraints

C.confinements

D.limitations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。boundary“邊界，界限”；restraint“抑制，克制”；confinement“限制，監(jiān)禁”；limitation“限制，局限性”。句意：這臺計算機有很多優(yōu)點，但并不是沒有局限性。由bynomeans“并非，決不”可知后半句與前半句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故D項正確。

4.翻譯題

Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.(1)Forsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that’sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,thetidingscanbeallbad.

Lastweekacorollary(推論)tothepatientsbillofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.Theywouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.(2)Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.TheplanwassaidtobeanunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.

(3)Whiletheadministrationbilledtherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,pointingtoaprovisionallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas“health-careoperations”.That,physicianssaid,wasaloophole(漏洞)throughwhichHealthMaintenanceOrganizationsandotherinsurerscouldpry(窺探)intothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.

Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreaches(違背)by“businesspartners”suchaslawyersandaccountants.Bothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveupthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanadditional$3.8billion,andmaybemuchmore,overthenextfiveyears.(4)Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules’enforcementrules.

Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.(5)Todayvariouscancersandsexuallytransmitteddiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage.Thefearisreal:anofficialnotedthataJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesfoundthatoneinsixU.S.adultshadatsometimedonesomethingunusualtoconcealmedicalinformation,suchaspayingcashforservices.

【答案】1.對于需要治療的人來說，這是個好消息。但對于在找工作或準(zhǔn)備買保險的人來說，這些可能都是壞消息。

2.醫(yī)護人員或保險公司不當(dāng)使用醫(yī)療記錄可能會招致民事和刑事處罰。

3.盡管政府聲稱這些規(guī)定旨在試圖平衡消費者和醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的需求，但醫(yī)生和保險公司都對此不滿。

4.依據(jù)新法規(guī)的執(zhí)行細(xì)則，聯(lián)邦政府將加大審查力度，他們也對此不滿。

5.如今，各種癌癥和性傳播疾病都可能得不到治療，因為患者害怕尷尬或失去保險。

5.單選題

Doyousendandreceivemorephonecallsore-mails?Ifyouranswerise-mail,oryouwishitwere,thenanewbreedoftelecommunicationsdevicescalledane-mailphoneorInternetphonemaysoonfinditswayintoyourkitchenorlivingroom.Essentially,ane-mailphone,ore-phoneforshort,isthemergeroftelephoneandcomputer.Withmostofthesenewscreenphones,thatmeans,beingabletoreadandreplytoelectronicmaildirectlyfromthephone,withoutstartingup(orevenowning)aPC.Withsome,italsomeansbeingabletosearchthroughtheWebtomakevacationplansorresearchhomeworkassignmentsthoughatslowspeedsandonarathersmallscreen.Andyoucanstillmakephonecalls,too.

Nocomputerexperienceisrequiredtouseane-phone.MostletyousignupwithInternetserviceprovider(ISP),whichtypicallychargesabout$20permonth.Onceyou’repastthistediousworkandentertheaccountinformationintothephone,youcancheckyoure-mailsfromeitheryourcomputerorphone.

Toassessyoure-mailaccountfromoneofthesephones,youtypicallyhavetoselecte-mailservicefromamenu.Phoneswithtouchscreenshaveaniconforthatontheopeningscreen.Forotherphones,youpressoneofthebuttonsliningthebottomorsidesofthedisplay,muchaswithanATMmachine.ThephonethencallsyourISP.WhentheISPpicksup,thephoneautomaticallytransfersyouraccountnameandpassword.Onceaccepted,theISPwillstartsendingthephoneyourmessages.Bytouchingtheitemyouwanttoreadorhittingabuttonnexttoit,themessagewillbedisplayed.Onceyou’vereadit,youcanreplytothemessage,moveontothenextone,or,withmostphones,deletethemessagefromyouraccount.Youcancheckyoure-mailmanually,butmoste-phonescanalsobesettocheckseveraltimesadayautomatically.Inautomaticmode,thephoneflashestotellyoumailiswaiting.Ifyouhappentobeusingthephonewhenitisscheduledtocheckfore-mail,thephonewillautomaticallytryagainwhenthelineisfree.

Oneseriousdrawbacktoe-mailbyphoneisthatitcannotreceive(orsend)attachedfiles,whethertheycontaindocumentsorgraphics.Somephoneswillattempttodisplaysimpletextfilesaspartofthemessage,butothertypesoffileswillappearasgibberish,ornotatall.Ifyouusethee-mailaccountonaPCanddon’tdeletethemessage,however,youcanusuallyretrievethemessageandfileonyourcomputer.

1.Ane-mailphoneisanimproveddeviceoftelecommunicationinthat____.

2.Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone,ane-mailphoneprobably____.

3.Whenane-mailphoneisbeingusedtomakephonecalls,it____.

4.Onefundamentalflawofe-mailphonesisthatpeoplecannotuseitto____.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethate-mailsphonesaredesignedto____.

問題1選項

A.itcanrecordamessageintheformofe-mails

B.itcanbeusedtoreceiveandsende-mails

C.itcanbeconnectedwithcomputers

D.itcanbeusedtovisitwebsites

問題2選項

A.hasacoloredscreen

B.hasalargersize

C.hassimilarkeyarrangement

D.doesnothaveareceiver

問題3選項

A.cannotreceivenewmessages

B.sendoutasignalofnewmessages

C.cannotdisplaye-mailmessages

D.automaticallychecksnewmessages

問題4選項

A.receiveorsende-mailswithattachedfiles

B.receiveattachedfileswithdocuments

C.readattachedfileswithgraphics

D.readonlymessagesintheformofsimpletext

問題5選項

A.maketransmissionofe-mailmessagesfaster

B.makecommunicationthroughe-mailscheaper

C.makecommunicationthroughe-mailseasier

D.makecommunicationthroughe-mailsmorepopular

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項釋義】

Ane-mailphoneisanimproveddeviceoftelecommunicationinthat____.電子郵件電話是一種改進(jìn)的通訊設(shè)備，因為____。

A.itcanrecordamessageintheformofe-mailsA.它能以電子郵件的形式記錄信息

B.itcanbeusedtoreceiveandsende-mailsB.它能用來接收和發(fā)送電子郵件

C.itcanbeconnectedwithcomputersC.它能用來連接電腦

D.itcanbeusedtovisitwebsitesD.它能用來訪問網(wǎng)頁

【答案】B

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞animproveddeviceoftelecommunication定位到原文第一段。本段第四句提到“對于大多數(shù)新型觸屏手機來說，這意味著可以直接從手機上閱讀和回復(fù)電子郵件（readandreplytoelectronicmail）”，由此可知，電子郵件電話可以直接閱讀（接收）和回復(fù)（發(fā)送）郵件，B選項“它能用來接收和發(fā)送電子郵件”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“它能以電子郵件的形式記錄信息”，原文是說可以收發(fā)電子郵件，而不是以電子郵件的形式記錄信息，該選項屬于偷換概念；

C選項“它能用來連接電腦”，原文第一段第三句提到“電子郵件手機是電話和電腦的結(jié)合體（themergeroftelephoneandcomputer）”，由此可知，原文不是說這款手機可以連接電腦，該選項屬于曲解原文；

D選項“它能用來訪問網(wǎng)站”，首先，原文第一段倒數(shù)第二句只提到“一些電子郵件手機可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)制定假期計劃或查看家庭作業(yè)”，并不清楚是否能夠訪問所有網(wǎng)站；另外，能夠訪問網(wǎng)頁并不是它能夠作為一種改進(jìn)的通訊工具的原因。因此，該選項不符合題意，屬于過度推理。

第2題:【選項釋義】

Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone,ane-mailphoneprobably____.與傳統(tǒng)的電話相比，電子郵件電話可能____。

A.hasacoloredscreenA.有彩色屏幕

B.hasalargersizeB.尺寸更大

C.hassimilarkeyarrangementC.有相似的鍵盤配置

D.doesnothaveareceiverD.沒有接收器

【答案】B

【考查點】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Comparedwithatraditionaltelephone可知，本題要求選擇的是電子郵件手機與傳統(tǒng)的手機之間的區(qū)別。原文第一段第四句提到“大多數(shù)新型屏幕手機（mostofthesenewscreenphones）”由此可知，屏幕是電子郵件手機的一個創(chuàng)新點；由上一題可知，電子郵件手機最大的特點是可以閱讀和回復(fù)郵件，由此推斷，電子郵件手機的屏幕比傳統(tǒng)的手機更大，這樣才方便閱讀和回復(fù)郵件。綜上所述，B選項“尺寸更大”符合原文推測。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“有彩色屏幕”，原文雖然提到了手機屏幕，但是“彩色”這一信息無法從原文已有信息推斷出來，該選項屬于過度推理；

C選項“有相似的鍵盤配置”，原文沒有提到鍵盤的問題，我們無從得知有關(guān)信息，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“沒有接收器”，電子郵件手機可以接受電子郵件，所以肯定是有接收器的，該選項與原文矛盾，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:【選項釋義】

Whenane-mailphoneisbeingusedtomakephonecalls,it____.當(dāng)電子郵件手機正用于打電話時，它____。

A.cannotreceivenewmessagesA.不能接收新信息

B.sendoutasignalofnewmessagesB.發(fā)送一個新信息的信號

C.cannotdisplaye-mailmessagesC.不能展示郵件信息

D.automaticallychecksnewmessagesD.自動檢查新信息

【答案】A

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞beingused定位到原文第三段最后兩句。這兩句提到“在自動模式下，手機會閃爍提醒你有新郵件。如果你恰好在預(yù)定檢查電子郵件（scheduledtocheckfore-mail）的時候使用手機（happentobeusing），當(dāng)線路空閑時（whenthelineisfree），手機會自動再試一次（automaticallytryagain）。”由此可知，當(dāng)手機正用于打電話時，它不能自動檢查新的電子郵件，因此，A選項“不能接收新信息”，符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“發(fā)送一個新信息的信號”，當(dāng)手機線路被占用時，它無法檢查新郵件，也不會發(fā)送新信息提醒，該選項與原文矛盾，屬于反向干擾；

C選項“不能展示郵件信息”，原文說的是線路被占用，無法接收到新信息，并沒有說能否展示，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“自動檢查新信息”，與原文不能自動檢查新電子郵件表述矛盾，該選項屬于反向干擾。

第4題:【選項釋義】

Onefundamentalflawofe-mailphonesisthatpeoplecannotuseitto____.電子郵件手機的一個根本缺陷是人們不能用它來____。

A.receiveorsende-mailswithattachedfilesA.接收和發(fā)送帶附件的郵件

B.receiveattachedfileswithdocumentsB.接收帶有文檔的附件

C.readattachedfileswithgraphicsC.閱讀帶有圖表的附件

D.readonlymessagesintheformofsimpletextD.只閱讀簡單形式的文本

【答案】C

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞fundamentalflaw定位到原文最后一段。本段第一句提到“通過電話發(fā)送電子郵件的一個嚴(yán)重缺點是它不能接收（或發(fā)送）附加文件（cannotreceive(orsend)attachedfiles），無論它們是包含文檔還是圖形?！北径蔚诙涮岬健耙恍┦謾C會嘗試把簡單的文本文件作為信息的一部分顯示（displaysimpletextfilesaspartofthemessage），但其他類型的文件將顯示為亂碼，或根本不顯示?！本C上所述，所有的電子郵件手機都不能顯示除了簡單文本以外的其他形式的附件，包括圖表。因此，C選項“閱讀帶有圖表的附件”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“接收和發(fā)送帶附件的郵件”，原文說的是不能接收和發(fā)送附件，而不是選項所表述的不能接收帶附件的郵件，帶附件的郵件可以接收，只是不能查看附件內(nèi)容，該選項屬于曲解原文；

B選項“接收文件附件”，原文提到有一些手機在嘗試把簡單的文本文件作為信息的一部分顯示，因此，有一些手機還是可以顯示文檔附件的，該選項屬于曲解原文；

D選項“只閱讀簡單形式的文本”，由原文可知，有些手機是閱讀簡單形式的文本的，題干中寫的是“不能做什么”，該選項不符合題意，與原文矛盾，屬于反向干擾。

第5題:【選項釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethate-mailsphonesaredesignedto____.從文章中可以推斷出，電子郵件手機是為____而設(shè)計的。

A.maketransmissionofe-mailmessagesfasterA.使電子郵件信息的傳輸更快

B.makecommunicationthroughe-mailscheaperB.使通過電子郵件交流更便宜

C.makecommunicationthroughe-mailseasierC.使通過電子郵件交流更簡單

D.makecommunicationthroughe-mailsmorepopularD.使通過電子郵件交流更受歡迎

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題詢問的是電子郵件手機的設(shè)計目的。原文第一段第四句提到了電子郵件手機的主要功能，即“直接從手機上（directlyfromthephone）閱讀和回復(fù)電子郵件，而不需要（without）啟動（甚至不需要擁有）個人電腦。”由此可知，電子郵件手機主要是使接收和回復(fù)電子郵件更簡單了，只需要一個手機就可以，因此，C選項“使通過電子郵件交流更簡單”更符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“使電子郵件信息的傳輸更快”，原文不涉及傳輸速度比較，該選項屬于無中生有；

B選項“使通過電子郵件交流更便宜”，原文不涉及價格比較，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“使通過電子郵件交流更受歡迎”，原文不涉及通過電子郵件交流是否受歡迎，該選項屬于無中生有。

6.單選題

JapanbecamethetopinvestmentdestinationforChinesepropertyinvestmentin2014duetothe（）oftheJapaneseyen.

問題1選項

A.attachment

B.amendment

C.depreciation

D.abbreviation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項attachment表示“附件，依戀”；B選項amendment表示“修正，改正”；C選項depreciation表示“折舊，貶值”；D選項abbreviation表示“縮寫，簡寫”。由原文句意可知，2014年日本成為中國房地產(chǎn)投資的首選投資目的地是因為日元（）。因此，depreciation最符合句意，故本題正確答案為C選項。

7.單選題

Yetbeyondthattragicpicture,thereisarevolutionatworkinworldagriculture.

問題1選項

A.reflective

B.illusive

C.intolerable

D.grievous

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:除去這悲慘的景象，農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域正發(fā)生著變革。reflective:反射的，反映的，反思的。illusive:錯覺的，迷惑人的。intolerable:無法忍受的,不能容忍的。grievous:嚴(yán)重的，令人傷心的,劇烈的。tragic:悲劇的，悲痛的。故選D。

8.單選題

YouhavelivedinmanyforeigncountriessoI’dexpectyoutohavesomesortof（）peoplewhohavejustarrivedhere.

問題1選項

A.lovefor

B.concernfor

C.sympathyfor

D.empathyfor

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。句意:你在很多國家居住過，所以我想你應(yīng)該和剛到這里的人會有一些共鳴。只有選項D符合語境。

9.單選題

（

）downthanthetelephonerang.

問題1選項

A.NotuntilIlay

B.NosoonerhadIlain

C.HardlyhadIlain

D.ScarcelydidIlie

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。lie“躺；位于”，其過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別是：lay,lain,lying；lay“放，擱，下蛋”，其過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別是：laid,laid,laying。句意：我剛躺下，電話就響了。Nosonner…than…為固定句式，且前半句需要部分倒裝，所以選項B符合題意。

10.翻譯題

SherryTurkleofMIT:ThehumancostofsocialtechnologyBySimonMainwaring

Inlightofalltherecentdevelopmentsaroundsocialtechnology,fromthelaunchofGoogle+toFacebook’sF8conferencelaunchofTimelineandTickerlastweek,IfeltitespeciallypertinenttosharethisinterviewwithSherryTurkleofMIT.WhatsheinvitesustoconsideristhehumancostofoursocialmediaengagementwhichseemsallthemorerelevantasnetworkslikeGoogle+andFacebookarmuswithnewtoolstobecomeevenmoreeffectiveonlinestorytellersinspiringustospendmoretimethere.

SM:HiI'mSimonMainwaring,hereattheIVOHWorldSummitintheCatskills,NewYork,andIhavethegreatpleasureofbeingherewithSherryTurkle,whoistheprofessorofSocialStudiesofScienceandTechnologyatMIT,andtheauthorofthecriticallyacclaimedbook.AloneTogether.Itissuchapleasuretochatwithyou,Sherry.Thankyouforyourtime.Now,oneofthethingsItalkaboutwhenitcomestosocialmediaisthatIbelievethattechnologyisteachingustobehumanagain,yetthethesisofyourbookmightactuallygoagainstthatproposition.Doyouthinkthat’strueornot?

ST:Ithinkthat'sacomplicatedstory.

1.Thatistosay,wearenowusingtechnologyinsomewaysthataredistancingusfromeachother,butI’moptimisticbecauseIthinksomanyofusarestartingtorealizethatsomethingisgoingamisswhenwehavedinnerwithfriendsandeveryonehasaphoneonthetableandinterruptsconversationsinordertotakethosecalls.WhenIwalkedthedunesofCapeCodthatThoreauwalked,andeverybodyiswalkingthoseduneswiththeirheadsdowntothosedevices,somethingisgoingamiss.Wheneveryoneisansweringemailsinsteadoftalkingtocolleaguesatwork,somethingisgoingamiss.Soit’sgood,butweneedtomakeitgoodforus.

SM:Whatwouldyousayisbeinglost,andwhatisthecostofthat?

ST:Well,I’veinterviewedhundredsofyoungpeopleandhundredsofolderpeopleandIthinkthatoneofthethingsthatisbeinglostistheabilitytotoleratesolitude.InmyownstudiesIcallit,“Ishare,thereforeIam.”Thatistosay,yougofromapositionwhereyousay“Ihaveafeeling,Iwanttomakeacall,”toapositionwhereyousay“Iwanttohaveafeeling,Ineedtosendatext.”

2.Sowhat’sbeinglostistheabilitytoexperienceyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutimmediatelysharingthemandyoulosethecapacitytocollaboratebecausecollaborationisinfusion.Youneedtocometocollaborationwithasenseofself,withyourownideasandconfidenceinyourself.Youlosethecapacityforcertainkindsofleadershipbecause,again,leadershiprequiresanabilitytolead,notjusttopoll.

3.Soyoufeellikewe’relosingtheabilitytobepresentbecausewe’reinsuchahurrytopassonthatexperiencethatwealmostcutourselvesoutoftheequation.

ST:Yes.Andwe’resubstitutingconnectionforconversation.Ithinkthat’sveryimportant.Thismovefromconversationtoconnection,andwe’realmostforgettinghownurturingconversationis.OverandoverI’veinterviewedpeoplewhobasicallytellme“Don’tcall.”InAloneTogetherIhaveachaptertitledPleaseDon’tCall.Thelastthingtheywantisatelephonecall.Itwouldtaketoomuchtime.It’stoodangerous.Toomuchmightshow.Theydon’twanttobeinterrupted.It’seasiertosendanemailorsendatextandnothavetherisksofshowingthemselvesinaconversation.

SM:Wouldyoucharacterizethisasafunctionoftheneedtonowliveinpublicatalltimes,toalwaysbe“on”?Isthatthechallengethatwe’reallfacingnow,because,giventheopportunitytodoitwithsocialmediaandtheseotherplatforms,wefeelobligatedtodoso?

ST:Thereareseveralthings.We’vegivenourselvesanopportunitytohide.Socialmedia,forallofit’sbounties—andI’mveryenthusiasticofallthebountiesofsocialmedia—italsogivesusanopportunitytohide.

4.Weperformourselvesonsocialmedia,andthatisdifferentfrombeingourselvesonsocialmedia.Thatabilitytoperformyourselfisalsoanabilitytohide.Itleadstosomethingthatcall“Fearofmissingout.”You’realwayswatchingwhatotherpeoplearedoingandyoubeingtobejealousbecausetheirshowingtheirbestselvesandyou’reshowingyourbestself.YoualmostbecomejealousofthelifeyouliveonFacebook.Youhavetoremindyourselfthatit’syourlifebecauseyou’reshowingyourbestself.

SM:Letmeaskyouaquestionaboutthat.Howdifferentisthattotheversionofourselvesthatwepresentintherealworld,albeitonlytooneortwoorfivepeopleatatime?Isitworsebecausewecanreachamassaudience?

ST:No,it’sworsebecause...we’resittingheretogetherand,ofcourse,I’minaroleandyou’reinarole,butbecausewe’reheretogether,certainthingsshow.We’reanimals,we’rehumanbeingsand,really,bythefactthatwe’reheretogether,weshowourselvestoeachother,werevealourselvestoeachother.Onthenetwork,wecanfakeit.Wecanperformourselvesinawaywherethereisamorepolishedself.Iinterviewpeoplewhoreallydescribetomethetimeandthecaretheytakeonwhattheypresentintheirsocialmediapresence.It’slikewe’replayingavatarsofourselves.

SM:5.Ifyouhadtocharacterizeitintwoways,thelongtermeffectsonthis,whatisthebestcasescenario,theupside,andtheworstcasescenario.Giveusthespectrumofconsequence.

ST:Bestcasescenario...Myfavoritelineinmybookis,“Justbecausewegrewupwiththeinternet,wethinktheinternetisallgrownup,anditisn’t,andit’stimetomakethecorrections.”Ithinkwe’reataturningpointnowwherewe’rereadytoreassessandliveasanerandhealthierlife.Ithinkthecorporateworldisreadytobemoreattentivetothesocialandemotionalneedsofbothitsconsumersanditsworkers.Ithinkthatpeoplearereadytobemoreattentivetolivingasanerlifeintheironlinepresence.Wedon’twanttobeinterrupted.6.Sotheplussideisthatwe’reatamomentwherewe’regoingtobeabletoenjoythebountiesofthistechnologyandminimizeitscost.Thedownsideisthatwearesomehow,justlikethere’safogofwar,there’safogoftechnology.TeachingatMITfor30years,Icantellyouthattechnologycanmakeusforgetwhatweknowaboutlife,andoneofthethingsthatwe’reforgettingrightnowistheimportanceofconversationandoftrulybeingwitheachotherinthewaysthatmatter.

SM:Yetyou’restilloptimistic.Whyareyouoptimistic?Whatgivesyouhope?

ST:7.I’moptimisticbecauseIthinkhumanbeingswanttobewitheachotherandrealizethenurturanceandthesustainingeffectsofbeingwitheachotherandcommunicatingwitheachother.Ithinkthatthere’samovementIseeintheresonanceinmyworkandintheworkofotherpeoplewhoarestartingtohavethiskindofmessage,includingyourselfactually,thatthere’sstartingtobeaconvergenceinthecorporateworldandconsumerworldofrealizingthatthesetwoworldshaveintereststhatarestartingtocometogetherbyusingthistechnologyinmorehumaneways,inwaysthatarebetterforthesocialgood.

SM:Ican’ttellyouhowexcitedIambythebook.Thatfifteen-yearstudyontheimpactofscienceandtechnologyisabsolutelyincredible.Ihighlyrecommendittoeveryone.Whereelsecanpeoplefindyouonline?

ST:Forthebook,goto,orgoogleSherryTurkleandmywebpagewithallmywritingsandresearchwillbeonthat.

SM:Thankyouforgivingusthegiftofallyourthinking.Arealpleasuretomeetyou,Sherry.

【答案】1.也就是說，我們現(xiàn)在使用的技術(shù)在某些方面正使我們相互疏遠(yuǎn)。但對此我很樂觀。我們和一群朋友一起吃飯時，每個人都帶著手機，電話鈴響起時卻不得不中斷交談。已經(jīng)有一些人認(rèn)識到其中的問題了

2.因此，你失去的是一種無需立即分享就獨自體驗?zāi)愕南敕ê透惺艿哪芰Γ矣捎诤献餍枰谌?，你也失去了合作的能力?/p>

3.所以你會覺得我們正在失去活在當(dāng)下的能力，因為我們太急于將這種體驗傳遞下去，以至于我們幾乎把自己隔離起來。

4.我們在社交媒體上表現(xiàn)自己，這和在社交媒體前做自己是不同的。這種自我表現(xiàn)的能力也是一種隱藏的能力，這最終會變成我說的“害怕錯過”。

5.如果你必須用兩種方式來描述它的長期影響，那就是最好的情況與最壞的結(jié)果。給出結(jié)果可能出現(xiàn)的范圍。

6.因此，好的一面是，我們現(xiàn)在能夠享受這項技術(shù)的好處并將其代價降到最低。壞的一面是，就像戰(zhàn)爭一樣，我們需要面對“科技的迷霧”。

7.我很樂觀，因為我認(rèn)為人們想要同彼此在一起，認(rèn)識到彼此相處和交流的滋養(yǎng)和持續(xù)效果。

11.翻譯題

TheentryoftheAnglo-SaxonpeoplesintoBritain,andtheircenturies-longsuccessfulstruggletoestablishGermanickingdomsthere,isamongthemostfamousventuresoftheAgeofMigrations,butlikeotherhistoricaleventsofthetimeitisobscureinmuchofitsdetail:theidentityandplaceoforiginofthepeoplestakingpart,theneedsanddesiresthatmovedthemtoentry"andconquest,thelinesofinvasion,thedurationofnativeresistance,thehistoricityoftheBritishArthur（亞瑟王）.

【答案】盎格魯薩克遜民族進(jìn)入英國，并經(jīng)過幾百年的斗爭，最終在那里建立起日耳曼王國，那是移民時代最為著名的冒險故事。但是和其他同時期的歷史事件一樣，這些事跡的很多細(xì)節(jié)模糊不清：如參與遷移民族的發(fā)源地以及他們的身份，他們處于什么樣的需求和愿望進(jìn)入并征服大不列顛，入侵的路線，當(dāng)?shù)厝说挚沟臅r間持續(xù)了多久，以及亞瑟王傳說的真實性。

12.單選題

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetime,someofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit―ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.

Thismakesthemrathercynical.

1.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause（

）.

2.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts（

）.

4.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache?

5.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

問題1選項

A.hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B.hemustbehaveasprofessionallawyersdo

C.hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D.hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

問題2選項

A.Dangerous

B.Demanding

C.Distressing

D.Dramatic

問題3選項

A.patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B.trackingandarrestingcriminals

C.collectingandprovidingevidence

D.consultingtherulesoflaw

問題4選項

A.Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B.Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C.Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D.Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

問題5選項

A.Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B.Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C.Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D.Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”，可知第一個區(qū)別是警察的現(xiàn)實生活是圍繞著刑法的，他必須知道什么行為是犯罪，什么證據(jù)可以在法庭上證明他們所逮捕的人確實有犯罪行為。可判斷出警察必須接受刑法方面的訓(xùn)練的原因在于要能證明他所逮捕的人是罪犯。選項D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章中對警察的相關(guān)描述，“apoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw…h(huán)eoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence…therealoneistheunpleasantpressures…”，可知警察需要懂法律，需要在逮捕過程中收集證據(jù)，需要承受不快的壓力等等，可判斷出最能描述警察這個職業(yè)的詞為demanding“要求高的”，選項B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.”，可知在現(xiàn)實生活中，找到罪犯在很多情況下并不是什么大問題。又根據(jù)第五段，“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.”，可知逮捕之后，才真正開始偵探的工作了。他必須在法庭上證明自己的觀點，為此他經(jīng)常需要收集很多不同的證據(jù)?？膳袛喑鼍煨枰汛罅康臅r間和精力花在尋找和收集證據(jù)上。選項C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.”，可知第三個最大的區(qū)別就是不快的壓力，首先，他們總是必須絕對依法行事。其次，作為公務(wù)員，他們必須取得成效。可判斷出警察必須在不違反任何法律的情況下達(dá)到最理想的結(jié)果。選項A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifthedete