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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川旅游學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehereonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requirestheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies:universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyear:aproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies—agoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspections,deportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supporterssay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.

5.BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.

問題1選項

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationService

問題2選項

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.

問題3選項

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問題4選項

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問題5選項

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.顯然,恐怖分子利用了____。

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeignersA.給予外國人的法律特權(quán)

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeopleB.美國人民的盛情款待

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpointsC.邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationServiceD.移民歸化局的低效率

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“很明顯,恐怖分子在他們的計劃中精明地考慮到了我們體系的弱點。”以及“移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知恐怖分子是利用了移民歸化局的不作為。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“給予外國人的法律特權(quán)”,文中沒有提及給予外國人法律特權(quán),該選項屬于無中生有;

B選項“美國人民的盛情款待”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

C選項“邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有。

2.【選項釋義】

WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.我們從文章中了解到,美國各政府機(jī)構(gòu)將協(xié)同努力____。

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisasA.拒絕延長過期簽證

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborderB.在邊境阻止恐怖分子嫌疑人

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapersC.防止偽造移民文件

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.D.限制移民美國的人數(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“《美國愛國者法案》要求聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局、司法部、國務(wù)院和移民局共享更多數(shù)據(jù),這將更容易在邊境阻止列入監(jiān)視名單的恐怖分子(stopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder)。”因此選B。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“拒絕延長過期簽證”,文章沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

C選項“防止偽造移民文件”,文章沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

D選項“限制移民美國的人數(shù)”,文中提及“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員,將非法移民拒之門外”但是這并不是美國政府各機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)同做的,該選項屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項釋義】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.從文章中可以推斷,在9?11事件之前,持有過期簽證的外國人____。

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttroubleA.可能會毫不費力地延長簽證

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagentsB.將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywishedC.可以想待多久就待多久

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportationD.一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中

【答案】C

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“長期以來,外國公民一直在用假證件偷渡邊境,而合法抵達(dá)美國的游客經(jīng)常在不受法律歡迎的情況下逾期居留,而沒有受到懲罰?!币约白詈笠痪洹皳?jù)估計,有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長,移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可推斷這些外國人在9?11事件之前想呆多久就呆多久,因為沒有任何懲罰,移民歸化局也不會采取措施。因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“可能會毫不費力地延長簽證”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

B選項“將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視”,文中提到“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員,將非法移民拒之門外,并在他們抵達(dá)后進(jìn)行追蹤?!钡沁@是9?11事件后人們呼吁的,9?11事件前文中提到“據(jù)估計,有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長,移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知他們并不受監(jiān)視,該選項屬于反向干擾;

D選項“一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中”,文中提到“據(jù)估計,有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長,移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?!庇纱丝芍獩]有人去追蹤他們,因此他們不生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中,該選項屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項釋義】

ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.許多人認(rèn)為,這些年來,INS____。

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctionsA.一直在履行兩個相互矛盾的職能

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminatelyB.在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurityC.以國家安全為代價,過分強(qiáng)調(diào)其服務(wù)功能

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbiesD.一直無視這兩個強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求

【答案】C

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“支持者說,造成這種分歧的一個原因是,移民局近年來過于專注于為游客和移民服務(wù)(becometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants)?!币虼诉xC。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“一直在履行兩個相互矛盾的職能”,文中提到“提議將移民局分成兩個機(jī)構(gòu)”,由此可知是提議將其分成兩個機(jī)構(gòu),并不是一直都在履行兩個矛盾的職能,該選項屬于反向干擾;

B選項“在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

D選項“一直無視這兩個強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.在9?11事件之前,美國國會一直未能通過更嚴(yán)格的移民法,原因是____。

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplaborA.他們可能會把外國學(xué)生和廉價勞動力拒之門外

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmenB.協(xié)調(diào)國會議員們的努力是很困難的

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurityC.教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcementD.沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們

【答案】A

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“在9?11事件之前,這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓:大學(xué)和商界,前者依賴外國學(xué)生的學(xué)費,而外國學(xué)生(foreignstudents)可能會被新法律拒之門外;后者則依賴外國人提供廉價勞動力(cheaplabor)?!庇纱丝芍绻路赏ㄟ^,那么外國學(xué)生和廉價勞動力會被擋在國外。因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“協(xié)調(diào)國會議員們的努力是很困難的”,文中提及“如果不是國會的操縱,該法案本應(yīng)在這次獲得通過,預(yù)計該法案將在明年重新提出并獲得通過?!边@是發(fā)生在9?11事件之后的并不是之前,該選項屬于張冠李戴;

C選項“教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少”,文中提到“這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓:大學(xué)和商界”,但是并不是說教育界和企業(yè)界不關(guān)心國家安全,該選項曲解原文,屬于過度推斷;

D選項“沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們”,根據(jù)文章可知,并不是沒有資源執(zhí)行它們,而是受到兩大游說團(tuán)體的阻撓,該選項屬于反向干擾。

2.單選題

Thesuntodayisayellowdwarfstar.Itisfueledbythermonuclearreactionsnearitscenterthatconverthydrogentohelium.Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyearsandisthousandsoftimeslargerthantheEarth.

Bystudyingotherstars,astronomerscanpredictwhattherestoftheSun’swillbelike.About5billionyearsfromnow,thecoreofthesunwillshrinkandbecomehotter.Thesurfacetemperaturewillfall.Thehighertemperatureofthecenterwillincreasetherateofthermonuclearreactions.Theouterregionsofthesunwillexpandapproximately35millionmiles,aboutthedistancetomercury,whichistheclosestplanettothesun.Thesunwillthenbearedgiantstar.Temperaturesontheearthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.

Oncethesunhasusedupitsthermonuclearenergyasaredgiant,itwillbegintoshrink.Afteritshrinkstothesizeoftheearth,itwillbecomeawhitedwarfstar.Thesunmaythrowoffhugeamountsofgasesinviolenteruptionscallednovaexplosionsasitchangesfromaredgianttoawhitedwarf.

Afterbillionsofyearsasawhitedwarf,theSunwillhaveusedupallitsfuelandwillhavelostitsheat.Suchastariscalledablackdwarf.AftertheSunhasbecomeablackdwarf,theearthwillbedarkandcold.Ifanyatmosphereremainsthere,itwillhavefrozenontotheearth’ssurface.

1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthispassage?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthesun(

).

3.Whenthesunbecomesaredgiant,whatwillconditionsbelikeonEarth?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesequenceofstagesthatthesunwillprobablypassthrough?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Toalertpeopletothedangersposedbythesun.

B.Todiscussconditionsonearthinthefarfuture.

C.Topresentatheoryaboutredgiantstars.

D.Todescribechangesthatthesunwillgothrough.

問題2選項

A.isapproximatelyhalfwaythroughitslifeasayellowdwarf

B.hasbeeninexistencefor10billionyears

C.israpidlychanginginsizeandbrightness

D.willcontinueasayellowdwarfforanother10billionyears

問題3選項

A.Itsatmospherewillfreezeandbecomesolid.

B.Itwillbeenvelopedintheexpandingsurfaceofthesun.

C.Itwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.

D.Itwillbenearlydestroyedbynovaexplosions.

問題4選項

A.Yellowdwarf,whitedwarf,redgiant,blackgiant.

B.Redgiant,whitedwarf,reddwarf,novaexplosion.

C.Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf,blackdwarf.

D.Whitedwarf,redgiant,blackdwarf,yellowdwarf.

問題5選項

A.Alarmed

B.Pessimistic

C.Comic

D.Objective

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章的主旨是什么”。文章第二段第一句話是文章的中心句,提到“通過研究其他恒星,天文學(xué)家可以預(yù)測太陽系其他部分的樣子”(Bystudyingotherstars,astronomerscanpredictwhattherestoftheSun’swillbelike),由此可知選項D符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從文章可推斷出太陽……”。文章第一段提到太陽以現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)(一個黃色的矮星球)存在了46億年(Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyears);第二段提到通過研究其他恒星,天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),再過50億年太陽將縮小并且變得更熱,太陽將變成一個巨大的紅色星球(aredgiantstar),當(dāng)能量用盡時,太陽會繼續(xù)縮小,變成一個白色的矮星球,接著變成黑色的矮星球。由此可知,現(xiàn)存狀態(tài)的時間差不多是太陽生命的一半,選項A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“當(dāng)太陽變成紅色星球,地球上是什么光景”。文章第二段最后一句提到“地球上的溫度會很熱,生命無法生存”(Temperaturesontheearthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist),選項C符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,關(guān)于太陽發(fā)展的各個階段,下列哪個是正確的”。文章第一段提到太陽以現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)(一個黃色的矮星球)存在了46億年(Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyears);第二段提到通過研究其他恒星,天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),再過50億年太陽將縮小并且變得更熱,太陽將變成一個巨大的紅色星球(aredgiantstar),當(dāng)能量用盡時,太陽會繼續(xù)縮小,變成一個白色的矮星球,接著變成黑色的矮星球,由此可知正確的排序是yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf,blackdwarf,選項C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“文章的基調(diào)是什么”。文章從頭到尾都是以非??陀^的態(tài)度來描述天文學(xué)家對太陽發(fā)展的預(yù)測,選項D符合題意。Alarmed“擔(dān)憂的”;pessimistic“悲觀的”;comic“滑稽的”;objective“客觀的”。

3.單選題

Einstein'sspecialTheoryofRelativityisquite()me.

問題1選項

A.outof

B.beyond

C.from

D.over

【答案】B

【解析】句意:愛因斯坦的相對論超出了我的能力范圍。beyondsb.

指超出某人的能力,

非某人力所能及,

所以選項B更符合句意。

4.單選題

Theytook______measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping.

問題1選項

A.efficient

B.beneficial

C.valid

D.effective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項efficient“有效率的,有能力的”,B項beneficial“有益的,有利的”,C項valid“有效的,合法的”,側(cè)指文件的有效性,D項effective“有效果的,起作用的”。根據(jù)后面部分句子measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping“防止有毒氣體泄漏的措施”可知,D項符合語境。句意:他們采取了有效措施防止有毒氣體泄漏。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

5.單選題

hedefectinDavid’scharacterhas(

)himfromadvancementinhiscareer.

問題1選項

A.exempted

B.forbidden

C.undermined

D.hindered

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞辨析。exempt“免除”;forbidden“禁止”;undermined“破壞”;hindered“阻礙”。句意為:大衛(wèi)的性格缺陷阻礙了他的事業(yè)發(fā)展。選項D符合句意。

6.單選題

Thesenatorscametoadeadlockintheirefforttofindasolution.

問題1選項

A.animpasse

B.araid

C.ahamlet

D.abreakthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。deadlock表示“僵局,停頓”;A項impasse“僵局,死路”,B項raid“襲擊,突襲”,C項hamlet“小村莊”,D項breakthrough“突破,突破性進(jìn)展”。句意:參議員們在尋求解決辦法的努力中陷入了僵局。因此A項正確。

7.單選題

Fraserbloggedabouthistrip,whichseemstohavebeenafact-findingmissioninvolvinghim,turningup()atvariousprimaryandhighschoolclassestoseewhatthestudentsarebeingtaught.

問題1選項

A.announced

B.toannounce

C.unannounced

D.tounannouncing

【答案】C

【解析】考查動名詞辨析。A選項announced動詞過去分詞,“宣布”;B選項toannounce動詞不定式,“宣布”;C選項unannounced動詞的過去分詞,“未宣布”;D選項tounannouncing不構(gòu)成分詞形式,這里的to屬于介詞。句意:弗雷澤用博客記錄他的旅程,好像是在實行一個實況調(diào)查任務(wù),……突然出現(xiàn)在各種小學(xué)和中學(xué)課堂上了解學(xué)生們正在被教授什么內(nèi)容。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息afact-findingmission“實時考察任務(wù)”,可以推理出他的出現(xiàn)是沒有事先通知的。因此C選項符合題意。

8.問答題

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

9.翻譯題

(1)Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuringdiseasetopreventingdisease.Andespeciallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthybehaviors,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise.Thelineofthoughtinvolvedinthisshiftcanbepursuedfurther.Imagineapersonwhoisabouttherightweight,butdoesnoteatverynutritious(有影響的)foods,whofeelsOKbutexercisesonlyoccasionally,whogoestoworkeveryday,butisnotanoutstandingworker,whodrinksafewbeersathomemostnightsbutdoesnotdrivewhiledrunk,andwhohasnochestpainsorabnormalbloodcounts,butsleepsalotandoftenfeelstired.(2)Thispersonisnotill.Hemaynotevenbeatriskforanyparticulardisease.Butwecanimaginethatthispersoncouldbealothealthier.

(3)Thefieldofmedicinehasnottraditionallydistinguishedbetweensomeonewhoismerely“notill”andsomeonewhoisinexcellenthealthandpaysattentiontothebody’sspecialneeds.Bothtypeshavesimplybeencalled“well”.Inrecentyears,however,somehealthspecialistshavebeguntoapplytheterms“well”and“wellness”onlytothosewhoareactivelystrivingtomaintainandimprovetheirhealth.(4)Peoplewhoarewellareconcernedwithnutritionandexercise,andtheymakeapointofmonitoringtheirbody’scondition.Mostimportant,perhaps,peoplewhoarewelltakeactiveresponsibilityforallmattersrelatedtotheirhealth.Evenpeoplewhohaveaphysicaldiseaseorhandicap(缺陷)maybe“well”,inthisnewsense,iftheymakeanefforttomaintainthebestpossiblehealththeycaninthefaceoftheirphysicallimitations.“Wellness”mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeoplecanachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.Peoplewhoarewellarelikelytobebetterabletoresistdiseaseandtofightdiseasewhenitstrikes.(5)Andbyfocusingattentiononhealthywaysofliving,theconceptofwellnesscanhaveabeneficialimpactonthewaysinwhichpeoplefacethechallengesofdailylife.

【答案】1.正如我們所見,如今社會醫(yī)療保健的重點已從治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)向預(yù)防疾病。

2.這個人沒有生病,甚至可能沒有患上任何特定疾病的風(fēng)險,但是我們可以想象他可以更健康。

3.傳統(tǒng)上,醫(yī)學(xué)并沒有區(qū)分那些僅僅是“沒有生病”的人和那些身體非常健康并且注意身體特殊需求的人。

4.健康的人注意營養(yǎng)和運動,他們非常重視關(guān)注自身的身體狀況。

5.通過關(guān)注健康的生活方式和概念可以對人們面對日常生活挑戰(zhàn)的方式產(chǎn)生積極影響。

10.單選題

Pennyhaddroppedthelargetowel,whichwasflungaroundhershoulders,andwasrunningintothesea.“Comeon,”shesaid.“I’llraceyou.”

Nicholastookoffhisbeach-wrapandfollowedherintothewater.Itwaschillyenoughtomakehimgaspbuthesteepedinbravely,andcontinueduntilhewasuptohiswaistandthendived,comingupclosetoherside.Thenhesetoffatasteadyrhythmiccrawlfortheboat,aboutfiftyyardsaway.

“Hi!”shoutedPenny,chasingafterhim.“Ithoughtyoucouldn’tswim!”“Ineversaidso.”Nicholascalledbackandhewentfaster,findingtohisjoythathisinjuredhandsweremovingeasilyinthewater.Theearlymorningsunshonewarmlyonhiswetheadandtheseasparkled.Hereachedtheboatalittlebreathless,buthappierthanhehadeverbeensincethenightofthecrash.Heknewheswamwell.Hehadbeentaughtbyaprofessionalteacherwhenhewasonlysevenandsincethenhehadbathedinmostoftheoceansoftheworld.Itwastheonlysportallowedtohimandhehadmadethemostofit.

Pennypulledherselfupintotheboatandsatbesidehim,laughing.“Youlittlemonkey!”shesaid.“AndtherewasmesayingI’dteachyoutoswim.”

“Itwasverykindofyou,”saidNicholassedately,buthiseyessmiled.

“You’llhavetogoinfortheracesinAugust,”shetoldhim.“You’llbeatanyonewe’vegothere!”

“Oh,Idon’tthinkI’dbeallowed,”beganNicholas,butPennybrokein,“Whyonearthnot?Don’tforgetyou’reNickyFieldnow,notanyonespecial.Whyshouldn’tyougoinforracesifyouwantto?”

Notanyonespecial!NicholasWakefieldturnedthisoverinhismind.Didhelikeitordidn’the?Foraslongashecouldrememberhehadbeensomeoneveryspecialindeed.Thegreatestpeopleintheworldofmusichadwatchedhimatthepiano,andwhereverhewenthehadtobeprotectedfrompressmenandphotographers.IntelevisionstudiosallovertheworldhehadreceivedVIPtreatment.Butnow,justforafewweekshewasnotspecialatall,andonlygoodatswimming.Hewasgoingtolikeit!Somehowitallseemedawonderfuljoke.

1.ToenterthewaterNicholas____.

2.Whydidhefeelsatisfied?

3.Whenhereachedtheboathefelt____.

4.PennycalledNicholasa“l(fā)ittlemonkey”because____.

5.WhatdidNicholasWakefieldfindfunny?

問題1選項

A.divedinheadfirst

B.jumpedinuptohiswaist

C.crawledintothewater

D.walkedingradually

問題2選項

A.He’ddonereallyfastforthecrawl.

B.Hefelthe’dimpressedhisgirlfriend.

C.He’ddoneexactlywhathe’dbeentaught.

D.Hefoundhishandsweren’tstiffanymore.

問題3選項

A.alittlebittired

B.shortofbreath

C.painfulinhishands

D.proudofwinningtherace

問題4選項

A.hehadplayedtricksonherinthewater

B.hehadletherthinkhecouldn’tswim

C.hehaddivedinandchasedher

D.hehadpretendedhedidn’tlikeswimming

問題5選項

A.TheTVmenandphotographershadn’tbeenabletofindhim.

B.Penny’swayofgettingintotheboat.

C.HewasgoingtogiveconcertsforafewweeksunderthenameofNickyField.

D.Hewasjustgoingtobeanordinarypersonforafewweeks.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

ToenterthewaterNicholas____.為了下水,尼古拉斯____。

A.divedinheadfirstA.頭朝下跳入水中

B.jumpedinuptohiswaistB.跳到了到他腰部的水中

C.crawledintothewaterC.爬進(jìn)了水里

D.walkedingraduallyD.慢慢地走了進(jìn)去

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段“天冷得他倒抽了一口氣,但他還是勇敢地浸入水中,一直浸到腰部,然后潛入水中,靠近她的身邊。”由此可知他是浸入水中的,可推斷他是慢慢走到水里然后讓腰部浸入水中。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“頭朝下跳入水中”,根據(jù)推斷可知,他是慢慢走進(jìn)水中然后浸入水中的,并不是跳入,該選項屬于反向干擾;

B選項“跳到了到他腰部的水中”,根據(jù)推斷可知,他是慢慢走進(jìn)水中然后浸入到他腰部的水中的,并不是直接跳到水中,該選項屬于反向干擾;

C選項“爬進(jìn)了水里”,他是先浸入水中,然后再爬進(jìn)水里,該選項屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項釋義】

Whydidhefeelsatisfied?為什么他感到滿足?

A.He’ddonereallyfastforthecrawl.A.他爬得非???。

B.Hefelthe’dimpressedhisgirlfriend.B.他覺得他給女朋友留下了深刻的印象。

C.He’ddoneexactlywhathe’dbeentaught.C.他完全按照老師教的去做。

D.Hefoundhishandsweren’tstiffanymore.D.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的手不再僵硬了。

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第三段第三句“他高興地發(fā)現(xiàn),他受傷的手在水里輕松地移動著。(findingtohisjoythathisinjuredhandsweremovingeasilyinthewater)”由此可知,他的手在水中移動著,可推斷,他的手不再僵硬不動了。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“他爬得非??臁!?,文中沒有提及,屬于無中生有;

B選項“他覺得他給女朋友留下了深刻的印象。”,文中沒有提及,屬于無中生有;

C選項“他完全按照老師教的去做?!?,文中提到“他七歲的時候就被一位專業(yè)的老師教過,從那時起,他就沐浴在世界上大部分的海洋中?!保窃诖颂幉]有說他完全按照老師教的去做,也并不是因為此原因而感到滿足,該選項屬于過度推斷。

3.【選項釋義】

Whenhereachedtheboathefelt____.當(dāng)他到達(dá)船上時,他感到____。

A.alittlebittiredA.有點累了

B.shortofbreathB.呼吸急促

C.painfulinhishandsC.雙手疼痛

D.proudofwinningtheraceD.因為贏得了比賽而自豪

【答案】B

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第三段第五句“他上氣不接下氣地來到船邊(Hereachedtheboatalittlebreathless),但從撞船的那天晚上以來,他從來沒有這么高興過。”由此可知他到達(dá)船上以后有點呼吸急促。因此選B。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“有點累了”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

C選項“雙手疼痛”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

D選項“因為贏得了比賽而自豪”,雖然尼古拉斯更早的到達(dá)船上,但是并沒有說他因為贏得比賽自豪,該選項屬于過度推斷。

4.【選項釋義】

PennycalledNicholasa“l(fā)ittlemonkey”because____.佩妮叫尼古拉斯“小猴子”是因為____。

A.hehadplayedtricksonherinthewaterA.他在水里捉弄了她

B.hehadletherthinkhecouldn’tswimB.他讓她以為他不會游泳

C.hehaddivedinandchasedherC.他跳進(jìn)水里追她

D.hehadpretendedhedidn’tlikeswimmingD.他假裝不喜歡游泳

【答案】B

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第三段第一、二句“佩妮追著他喊道?!乙詾槟悴粫斡灸兀。↖thoughtyoucouldn’tswim!)’”以及第四段“‘你小猴子!’她說?!疫€說要教你游泳呢?!庇纱丝赏茢嗯迥菀詾槟峁爬共粫斡尽R虼诉xB。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“他在水里捉弄了她”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有;

C選項“他跳進(jìn)水里追她”,曲解原文,屬于過度推斷;

D選項“他假裝不喜歡游泳”,文中沒有提及,該選項屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

WhatdidNicholasWakefieldfindfunny?尼古拉斯?韋克菲爾德覺得什么好笑?

A.TheTVmenandphotographershadn’tbeenabletofindhim.A.電視記者和攝影師都沒能找到他。

B.Penny’swayofgettingintotheboat.B.佩妮上船的方式。

C.HewasgoingtogiveconcertsforafewweeksunderthenameofNickyField.C.他打算用尼基?菲爾德的名字開幾周的演唱會。

D.Hewasjustgoingtobeanordinarypersonforafewweeks.D.他只打算做幾個星期的普通人。

【答案】D

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第三行“在世界各地的電視演播室里,他受到了貴賓待遇。但現(xiàn)在,僅僅幾個星期,他就一點也不特別,而且只是擅長游泳。他會喜歡的!不知何故,這一切似乎都只是一個絕妙的笑話。”由此可推斷,尼古拉斯以前是一個名人,但是現(xiàn)在他僅僅是一個只擅長游泳的普通人,這一點讓他感到好笑。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“電視記者和攝影師都沒能找到他?!保闹兄皇翘岬揭郧盁o論他走到哪里,都得保護(hù)他不受記者和攝影師的騷擾,但沒有說現(xiàn)在電視記者

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