考研考博-英語-山東財經(jīng)大學(xué)東方學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東財經(jīng)大學(xué)東方學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Alltheevidence（）thathestolethemoney.

問題1選項

A.recommends

B.proposes

C.suggests

D.advises

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項recommend“建議、推薦”，B項propose“建議、打算、求婚”，C項suggest“提議、顯示、暗示”，D項advise“勸告、忠告”；句意：所有的證據(jù)都顯示是他偷了錢。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問題1選項

A.inregardto

B.inlinewith

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語。inregardto“關(guān)于”；inlinewith“符合，與……一致”；intermsof“依據(jù)，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處后面的內(nèi)容是做方式狀語，因此從C與D選項中選，根據(jù)兩個詞組的意思，可知選項C符合題意。

3.單選題

Itishardformetosurviveinthepoliticalsnake（）.

問題1選項

A.hutch

B.hole

C.hive

D.pit

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項hutch“籠；小屋；貯藏箱；礦車”；B選項hole“洞，孔；洞穴，穴；突破口”；C選項hive“蜂巢，蜂箱；蜂群；（喻）充滿繁忙人群的場所”；D選項pit“礦井；深坑；陷阱；凹陷；正廳后排；正廳后排的觀眾”。snakepit“蛇坑”，用來形容恐怖的地方，混亂的局面。句意：對我來說，在混亂的政治局面里求生存很艱難。因此D選項正確。

4.單選題

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe（

）toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

問題1選項

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本來會完成自己的大學(xué)教育，但是他卻不得不放棄，然后找一份工作來養(yǎng)家。

語法題考查一般過去吋態(tài)。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“wouldhavefinished本來會完成”表示對過去事情的假設(shè),因此這里表示對過去情況的描述，故C項“had（其為動詞have的過去時態(tài)）”正確。

5.單選題

Someplantscontainsubstancesthatinterferewiththedigestiveprocessesofanimals.

問題1選項

A.disrupt

B.encourage

C.augment

D.trigger

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。interferewith表示“干涉，妨礙”；A項disrupt“破壞，瓦解”，B項encourage“鼓勵”，C項argument“爭論”，D項trigger“引發(fā)，觸發(fā)”。句意：有些植物含有干擾動物消化過程的物質(zhì)。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

6.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s,butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojustunder50hoursbythestartofthe19305s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek;andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2088hoursperworker,comparedto1957fortheUnitedStatesand1646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopre-industrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury?

問題1選項

A.Whypeopleinpre-industrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek

B.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries

D.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek

問題2選項

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.increasedsignificantly

D.decreasedsignificantly

問題3選項

A.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

問題4選項

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages

B.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers

C.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek

問題5選項

A.Thehalf-dayholiday

B.UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse

C.HenryFord

D.Germanmetalworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首先將前工業(yè)時代的周工時與工業(yè)革命時期的周工時進(jìn)行比較，接著說明了不同年代周工時的變化。故D項“人們每周工作的時長發(fā)生了變化”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pre-industrialtimes定位到第一段“peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.前工業(yè)社會的人們每天花3到4個小時，或每周花20個小時做生活所必需的工作。然而，對每周工作量的現(xiàn)代比較始于工業(yè)革命（1760年至1840年），當(dāng)時每周工作6天、每天工作10至12小時是常態(tài)?！睋?jù)此可知19世紀(jì)每周的工作時間相比前工業(yè)時代有大幅增長。故C項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到第三段“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodernlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.20世紀(jì)30年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條帶來了工作分擔(dān)的概念，使人們可以到處尋找工作;在美國，每周工作時間降至35小時的現(xiàn)代最低點?！笨芍绹芄r下降的原因是一些人共同分擔(dān)一個工作。故D項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“FairLaborStandardsAct”定位到第三段“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.1938年，《公平勞動標(biāo)準(zhǔn)法》（FairLaborStandardsAct）規(guī)定，從1940年開始，每周工作時間不得超過40小時。從那以后，8小時工作制和5天工作制就成了美國的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。”由此可知該法案設(shè)定每周40小時的工作時間的目的是給美國工人提出的一個工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以此限定每周的工時。故C項正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文中有關(guān)“UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse”的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在“In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.1926年，他宣布從今以后他的工廠將在星期六全天關(guān)閉。當(dāng)時，福特受到了美國鋼鐵公司（UnitedStatesSteel）和西屋電氣公司（Westinghouse）等其他公司的批評，但這個想法受到了工人的歡迎?！庇纱丝芍@兩個公司不贊成福特周六不上班的想法。故B項不是自19世紀(jì)以來周工時削減的證據(jù)。答案B。

7.單選題

Theschoolhasbeen（

）asthemeetingplacefortheeveningartclub.

問題1選項

A.designed

B.designated

C.diverted

D.diagnosed

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項design“設(shè)計，構(gòu)思”；B選項designate“指定，指派”；C選項divert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；D選項diagnose“診斷”。

句意：這所學(xué)校被指定為晚間藝術(shù)俱樂部的會址。選項B符合句意。

8.單選題

Oneargumentusedtosupporttheideathatemploymentwillcontinuetobethedominantformofwork,andthatemploymentwilleventuallybecomeavailableforallwhowantit,isthatworkingtimewillcontinuetofall.Peopleinjobswillworkfewerhoursintheday,fewerdaysintheweek,fewerweeksintheyear,andfeweryearsinalifetime,thantheydonow.Thiswillmeanthatmorejobswillbeavailableformorepeople.This,itissaid,isthewayweshouldsetaboutrestoringfullemployment.

Thereisnodoubtthatsomethingofthiskindwillhappen.Theshorterworkingweek,longerholidays,earlierretirement,job-sharing—theseandotherwaysofreducingtheamountoftimepeoplespendontheirjobs—arecertainlylikelytospread.Amixofpart-timepaidworkandpart-timeunpaidworkislikelytobecomeamuchmorecommonworkpatternthantoday,andaflexi-lifepatternofwork-involvingpaidemploymentatcertainstagesoflife,butnotatothers—willbecomewidespread.Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.

Inthefirstplace,solongasemploymentremainstheoverwhelminglyimportantformofworkandsourceofincomeformostpeople,itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingtimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.But,secondly,ifchangesofthiskindweretotakeplaceatapaceandonascalesufficienttomakeitpossibletoshareemploymentamongallwhowantedit,theresultingsituation—inwhichmostpeoplewouldnotbeworkingintheirjobsformorethantwoorthreeshortdaysaweek―couldhardlycontinuetobeoneinwhichemploymentwasstillregardedastheonlytrulyvalidformofwork.Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.

1.TheauthorusesthenegotiationsinBritainandGermanyasanexampleto（

）.

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoimplythatasaresultofshorterworkingtime

（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfuturefullemploymentisgenerally（

）.

問題1選項

A.supportreductionsinemployeesworkingtime

B.indicateemployeesareunwillingtosharejobs

C.provethepossibilityofsharingpaidemployment

D.showthatemploymentwillloseitsdominance

問題2選項

A.employmentmaynotretainitsusualimportance

B.employmentmaynotberegardedasvalidwork

C.peoplecanbeengagedinfarlessunpaidwork

D.peoplecanbeengagedinfarmoreunpaidwork

問題3選項

A.supportive

B.wavering

C.skeptical

D.unclear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題是問作者用英國和德國的談判這個例子的目的是什么。由本文最后一段中的內(nèi)容“itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingrimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.很難看出，員工的工作時間是如何以足夠大的規(guī)模、足夠快的速度減少的，以至于有可能將可用的帶薪就業(yè)機(jī)會分配給每一個想要的人。最近在英國和德國就引入每周35小時工作制的可能性進(jìn)行的談判，突顯了其中的一些困難?！笨芍岬搅诉@次談判，主要目的是為了支持減少員工們的工作時間，A選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。本題是問文章的最后作者想表達(dá)更短的工作時間的一個結(jié)果是什么。根據(jù)本文最后一段最后一句內(nèi)容“Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.將有如此多的人把如此多的時間花在其他活動上，包括其他形式的有益工作，就業(yè)的首要地位必然會受到質(zhì)疑，至少在某種程度上是這樣?！笨芍懈痰墓ぷ鲿r間的結(jié)果是人們就可以把時間放到更多其他的活動或者有價值的工作中去，所以C選項‘人們可以從事少得多的無薪工作’正確。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。本題是問作者對于未來的完全雇傭所持有的態(tài)度。A選項supportive“支持的”；B選項wavering“搖擺的，猶豫不決的”；C選項skeptical“懷疑的”；

D選項unclear“不清楚的”。根據(jù)本文第二段最后一句話寫到“Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.但是，如果認(rèn)為這將使充分就業(yè)成為可能，重新成為占主導(dǎo)地位的工作形式，那肯定是不現(xiàn)實的?！笨芍鲎髡哒J(rèn)為恢復(fù)完全雇傭為工作的主要形式是不現(xiàn)實的，C選項符合題意。

9.單選題

Sheisalwayslookingfor（

）inwhatshewants.

問題1選項

A.novelty

B.token

C.horizon

D.fake

【答案】A

【解析】句意:她總是在她想要的東西中找尋新奇的東西。novelty指新奇的東西,符合句意,選項A正確。

10.單選題

AlthoughWashingtonisthemostimportantcityintheUnitedStates,itcannot（）likeNewYorkandChicagoinsizeandpopulation.

問題1選項

A.matchwith

B.abideby

C.conformto

D.competewith

【答案】D

【解析】matchwith"與……相匹配";abideby"遵守,履行";conformto"遵守,依照";competewith"與……競爭"。根據(jù)句意：雖然華盛頓是美國最重要的城市,但在面積和人口上無法與紐約和芝加哥相比。選項D符合句意。

11.單選題

Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubject—andstudiedthebrain—saythattheyare.ResearchformybookLate-TalkingChildrendrovehomethepointtome.Threequartersofthebrightbutspeech-delayedchildreninthegroupIstudiedhadacloserelativewhowasanengineer,mathematicianorscientistandfourfifthshadacloserelativewhoplayedamusicalinstrument.Thechildrenthemselvesusuallytookreadilytomathandotheranalyticalsubjects—andtomusic.

Black,whiteandAsianchildreninthisgroupshowthesamepatterns.However,lookingatthelargeworldaroundus,itisclearthatblackshavebeengreatlyover-representedinthedevelopmentofAmericanpopularmusicandgreatlyunderrepresentedinsuchfieldsasmathematics,scienceandengineering.

Iftheabilitiesrequiredinanalyticalfieldsandinmusicaresocloselyrelated,howcantherebethisgreatdisparity?Onereasonisthatthedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling,whilecertainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining,ashashappenedwithanumberofwell-knownblackmusicians.

Itispreciselyinthosekindsofmusicwhereonecanacquiregreatskillwithoutformaltrainingthatblackshaveexcelled-popularmusicratherthanclassicalmusic,pianoratherthanviolin,bluesratherthanopera.Thisisreadilyunderstandable,giventhatmostblacks,formostofAmericanhistory,havenothadeitherthemoneyortheleisureforlongyearsofformalstudyinmusic.

BlackshavenotmerelyheldtheirowninAmericanpopularmusic.Theyhaveplayedadisproportionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.Alongstringofnamescomestomind—DukeEllington,ScouJoplin,W.C.Handy,LouisArmstrong,CharlieParker...andonandon.

Noneofthispresupposesanyspecialinnateabilityofblacksinmusic.Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblacks,havingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse,butbeinglimitedtobeingabletoexpresssuchabilityinnarrowerchannelsthanotherswhohavehadthemoney,thetie

andtheformaleducationtospreadoutoverawiderrangeofmusic,aswellasintomathematics,scienceandengineering.

ThereisnowayofknowingwhetherDukeEllingtonwouldhavebecomeamathematicianorscientistunderothercircumstances.Whatiscleareristhatmostblackshavenothadsuchalternativesavailableuntilveryrecently,ashistoryismeasured.Moreover,nowthatculturaltraditionshavebeenestablished,eventhoseblackswhohavesuchalternativesavailabletoday,andwhohavetheinbornabilitiestopursuethem,mayneverthelesscontinueforsometimetofollowwell-wornpaths.

1.Theauthor’sresearchforhisbookLate-TalkingChildrenshowedhimthat（）.

2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

3.ItisknownfromthepassagethatDukeEllington（）.

4.Theauthorholdsthat（）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthortriestosaythat（）.

問題1選項

A.mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarecloselyrelated

B.brightbutspeech-delayedchildrenfavoranalyticalsubjects

C.onthesurface,mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarenotconnected

D.childrenofdifferentracesdifferslightlyintheirmathematicalandmusicalabilities

問題2選項

A.thedevelopmentofallmusictalentsneedslittleornoformaltraining

B.abilities,suchasmathematicalability,sometimescannotbedevelopedwithformaleducation

C.blacksareunderrepresentedinmathematicsbecausetheyhavenochancestoreceiveformaleducation

D.blacksusuallyprefermusictomathematics,scienceandengineering

問題3選項

A.onlylovespopularmusic

B.hasmadeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofjazz

C.isanobscuremusician

D.neverexcelsinjazzmusic

問題4選項

A.blacksdemonstratebetterinbornmusicalabilitiesthanothers

B.blacksaredistinguishedinallkindsofmusic

C.blacksnowcontinuetodomusicbecauseoftheirculturaltraditions

D.blacksstillhavenochancestobecomemathematiciansorscientiststoday

問題5選項

A.musicalabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalability

B.one’sabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalability

C.blacksaresoprejudicedthattheyseldomacceptnewthings

D.blacksaremoresuccessfulinmusicthaninsciencebecauseofvariousreasons

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Late-TalkingChildren”定位到第一段的第二句，但答案在上一句“Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubject—andstudiedthebrain—saythattheyare.”表面上看數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂能力好像沒什么聯(lián)系，但經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩者其實是有關(guān)聯(lián)的。選項A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“certainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining”可知選項A錯誤；根據(jù)第三段中“thedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling”可知選項B錯誤；選項C與第三段內(nèi)容相符，所以正確；選項D在文中沒有提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“DukeEllington”定位到第五段，根據(jù)第五段第二句“Theyhaveplayedadisproportionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.”他們在爵士樂的發(fā)展中，無論是傳統(tǒng)的還是現(xiàn)代的，都或多或少的扮演了重要角色。選項B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblacks,havingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse...”可知選項A錯誤；根據(jù)本文最后一句“nowthatculturaltraditions...tofollowwell-wornpaths.”可知選項C符合原文；選項D表述太絕對。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。文章第一句就說了數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂能力有一點關(guān)系，所以選項A和B均表述錯誤；選項C表述太絕對且在文中沒有提及，排除；選項D由于多種原因，黑人在音樂方面要比在科學(xué)方面更成功，符合原文。

12.單選題

Thenegotiationshave（）again,andtherepresentativeshaveallbeencalledback.

問題1選項

A.brokenout

B.brokenoff

C.brokenthrough

D.brokeninto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A:breakout“突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”；B:breakoff“（使）脫離；停止；中斷”；C:breakthrough“突破”；D:breakinto“闖進(jìn)”。句意：談判又中斷了，代表們都被召回了。結(jié)合語境，B為正確答案。

13.單選題

Inatyphoon,winds（）aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.

問題1選項

A.assume

B.accomplish

C.attain

D.assemble

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項assume“采??；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)”；B選項accomplish“完成；實現(xiàn)”；C選項attain“實現(xiàn)；獲得；達(dá)到”；D選項assemble“集合；裝配；收集”。句意：在臺風(fēng)中，風(fēng)速達(dá)到每小時120公里。根據(jù)句中“Inatyphoon在臺風(fēng)中”可知“達(dá)到”符合語境，因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen（）forallmeasurement.

問題1選項

A.admitted

B.adapted

C.applied

D.adopted

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)國家，所有的計量都采用公制。選項D符合句意。

15.問答題

We'dratherhavelongwaitsthan(A)noshiftingofthescenes,and(B)alltheactorson(C)thestagedoing(D)nothing.

【答案】試題答案：B;with

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格。with表示伴隨狀況，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語。

16.單選題

Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.

問題1選項

A.prolong

B.enforce

C.reinforce

D.inform

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項prolong“延長；拖延”；B選項enforce“實施，執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)迫，強(qiáng)制”；C選項reinforce“加強(qiáng)，加固；強(qiáng)化；補(bǔ)充”；D選項inform“通知；告訴；報告”。句意：這些項目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)……了窮人自助的意愿，使他們能夠過上自給自足的生活。根據(jù)Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesbytheseprojects（這些項目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)）可推測這些項目對……來說是有利的，A選項不符合題意，可排除。B選項含貶義也可排除。D選項不符合題意，可排除。結(jié)合句意，C選項正確。

17.單選題

Some4,000privateimporters,exportersandwholesalerswerenationalizedand（

）intoahugegovernmentmonopoly,theStateTradingCorp.

問題1選項

A.incorporated

B.inclined

C.resigned

D.resorted

【答案】A

【解析】incorporateinto并入；其他選項都不與into搭配,而是一般與to搭配。句意:約4,000家私營進(jìn)出口商和批發(fā)商被收歸國有,并被并入一家大型的政府壟斷企業(yè)——國有貿(mào)易公司。選項A符合句意。

18.單選題

Churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,（）theyChristian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.

問題1選項

A.be

B.being

C.were

D.are

【答案】A

【解析】考查謂語動詞的形式。句意：我們使用的Church這個詞指的是所有的宗教機(jī)構(gòu)，無論是基督教、伊斯蘭教、佛教、猶太教等等。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前半句中出現(xiàn)了as，其謂語動詞多用be的原形，引導(dǎo)讓步虛擬從句，并且需要倒裝，所以選項A正確。

19.單選題

6.

問題1選項

A.2.6

B.3.5

C.3.9

D.136

【答案】D

【解析】W:Hello,Eric,whatcanIdoforyou?

M:Iwaswonderingifyouhadtheresults.

W:Oh,yes,theresults.We’vegotthem.

M:Great.

W:Herewego.Urea(尿素)2.6,Sodium(鈉)136,andPotassium(鉀)3.9.

M:3.5.

W:No,that’s3.9

Q:Whatistheman’ssodiumlevel?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說：Sodium（鈉）136，故選D。

20.單選題

Hehadwanteda25%raiseinpay,butaftertalkingtohisboss,hedecidedthata5%raisewould_______.

問題1選項

A.suffice

B.modify

C.gratify

D.delight

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項suffice“使?jié)M足（表示帶有無奈情緒的滿足）；足夠……用；合格”；B選項modify“修改，修飾；更改”；C選項gratify“使?jié)M足（表示超出預(yù)想的滿足）；使?jié)M意，使高興”；D選項delight“使高興；高興”。句意：他本想得到25%的工資漲幅，但在同老板談話后，他認(rèn)為他不得不滿足于5%的漲幅。因此A選項正確。

21.單選題

Idon'tthinkitisimpartialfortheprofessortoflunkmyChemistrytest.

問題1選項

A.unbiased

B.compatible

C.exonerative

D.effusive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我不認(rèn)為教授讓我的化學(xué)考試不及格是公正的。impartial意為公平的，不偏不倚的。unbiased公正的，無偏見的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative免罪的，免除的；effusive流出的，感情橫溢的。選項A與之意思最為相近。

22.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare（）nationalborders.

問題1選項

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。transplanting“移植”；transgressing“違反，違法，越界”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitting“傳遞，傳送”。句意：我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼，其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國界的一個時代。選項B符合題意。

23.單選題

Thesellerorhisagentsarenotobligedinlawtotellyouofthedefectsortrueconditionsofthehouse.So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforin,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.

Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.Ifhedoeshisjobwell,hewillearnhis-fee(whichforastraightforwardsurveyofafive-roomhouseisnotlikelytobelessthan￡50)byprovidinginformationwhichcanbeusedtostartnegotiations.

Manydefectsarenotapparenttotheordinaryhousebuyerbutcanbedelec1eddetectedbytheexpert—thesurveyor.Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditsissurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay.Thissurveyormakesonlyavaluation(notafullsurvey)toseewhetherthepriorityisgoodsecurityforthepartofthepurchasepriceyoumightbeleant.Hisreportisconfidentialandmaynotbeavailabletoyou,thoughbuildingsocietymaybepreparedtotellthepurchaseraboutreallymajordefectsfollowingtheirvaluation.Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).

Ifyouarebuildinganewhouse,youwillalsoneedassurancethatthehouseisproperlybuiltandthebuildingwillaccepttheresponsibilityforanydefectsthatmayappearduetopoordesign,materialsorworkmanship.IfabuilderisrestrictedwithNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil,youwillknowthatthehousehasbeenspot-checkinspectedatperiodicintervalsduringbuildings.Arbitrationmachineryandfornewly-builthouse,a10-yearprotectionagainstmajorstructuraldefects,existshouldthingsgowrongandthebuilderseektoavoidresponsibility.

Ifthebuilderisnotregistereditwillbewisetogetacompetentsurveyortocheckthehouseoverduringvariousstagesofconstruction.(Hewillchargeafeeforeachvisittothesite.)

1.Whatstageinbuyingahouseisasurveyoremployed?

2.Whatisthemainreasontoemployasurveyor?

3.Whydoesthebuildingsocietyorlocalauthoritysendisownsurveyor?

4.Themaindifferencebetweenthesurveyorsemployedbyyouandthebuildingsocietyisthat________.

5.Thebuyerofanewhousehastobesurethat________.

問題1選項

A.Afteryouhaveinspectedthehouseyourself.

B.Shortlybeforeyoutakeupresidenceinthehouse.

C.Beforeyouhaveanykindofdiscussionabouttheprice.

D.Duringtheearlystageoffreenegotiation.

問題2選項

A.Toinspectandreportontheconditionofthehouse.

B.Totellyouthetruevalueofthehouse.

C.Toassistyouinnegotiatingforalowerprice.

D.Toadviseyouaboutcarryingoutrepairs.

問題3選項

A.Toprovidethemwithinformationtheyneedinadvisingthepossiblebuyer.

B.Tocheckthereportpreparedbythebuyer’ssurveyor.

C.Tocheckwhatrepairsthebuyermustcarryoutbeforegettingaloan.

D.Tofindoutwhetheritwillbeadvisabletolendthepurchasemoney.

問題4選項

A.thesecondsurveyorisnotinterestedinthedefectsofthehouse

B.youdonothavetopayforthesecondsurveyor

C.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistodecidewhatthehouseisworth

D.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistofindoutwhetherhouseisfittolivein

問題5選項

A.theconstructionofthehousehasbeenconstantlysupervised

B.seriousconstructionalfaultswillbeputrightduringvariousstagesofconstruction

C.hewillhavelegalprotectioninthecaseofadisputewiththebuilder

D.thebuilderisregisteredwiththeNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforit,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.（因此，重要的是，在你提出報價后，但在你進(jìn)入法律承諾之前，要派你自己的測量師對房子進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)測量）和第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會告訴你房子的價格是否值得商談。），由此可知測量師是在你與賣方討論價格之前為你工作的，所以C選項“在你討論價格之前”正確。A選項“你自己檢查完房子之后”，文章沒有提到需要自己檢查房子，且這是測量師的工作，屬于無中生有；B選項“在你住進(jìn)這所房子之前不久”以及D選項“在自由談判的早期階段”都與文章事實不相符，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會告訴你房子的價格是否值得商談。），由此可知請測量師的主要原因是為了讓你知道自己房子的價格是否值得商談，所以B選項“告訴你房子的真正價值”正確。A選項“檢查并報告房屋狀況”，此處雖然有提及，但這是測量師的主要工作，并不是請他的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；C選項“幫助你談一個更低的價格”，此處提到測量師只會告訴你房子的價格是否值得商談，并不會幫助你談價，屬于曲解原文；D選項“建議你進(jìn)行修理”，此處提到測量師只會告訴你修理房子缺陷的大概費(fèi)用，沒有提到他們會建議你修理，屬于無中生有。因此B選項正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章三段Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditssurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay...Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).（你希望從那里獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會或地方當(dāng)局也會派遣測量師，你必須支付測量師的費(fèi)用……事實上，他們可能會以你在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然是費(fèi)用自理。），由此可推斷出房屋互助協(xié)會和地方當(dāng)局請測量師的原因是為了檢查買方在貸款前需要的維修之處，所以C選項“檢查買方在獲得貸款前必須進(jìn)行的維修”正確。A選項“向他們提供他們在向潛在買家提供建議時所需的信息”文章沒有提到，屬于無中生有；B選項“檢查買方檢驗師準(zhǔn)備的報告