考研考博-英語-三門峽社會(huì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三門峽社會(huì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Twoyearsago,ateamoflinguistsplungedintotheremotehillcountryofnortheasternIndiatostudylittle-knownlanguages,manyofthemunwrittenandindangeroffallingoutofuse.

Onaverage,everytwoweeksoneoftheworld’srecorded7,000languagesbecomesextinct,andtheexpeditionwasseekingtodocumentandhelppreservetheendangeredonesintheseisolatedvillages.

AtarushingmountainriverthelinguistsenteredthetinyvillageofKichang.TheyexpectedtohearthepeoplespeakingAka,afairlycommontongueinthatdistrict.Instead,theyheardalanguagethatsoundedasdifferentfromAkaasEnglishdoesfromJapanese.Afterfurtherinvestigation,leadersoftheresearchannouncedlastweekthediscoveryofa“hidden”language,knownlocallyasKoro,completelynewtotheworldoutsidetheseruralcommunities.

WhenthethreeresearchersreachedKichang,theywentdoortodooraskingpeopletospeaktheirnativetongue.Thepeoplelivebyraisingpigsandgrowingorangesandrice.TheyshareasubsistenceeconomyandaculturewithothersintheregionwhospeakAka,orMiji,anothersomewhatcommonlanguage.Ontheveranda(陽(yáng)臺(tái))atonehouse,thelinguistsheardayoungwomannamedKachimtellingherlifestoryinKoro.Shewassoldasachildbride,wasunhappyinheradoptedvillageandhadtoovercomehardshipsbeforeeventuallymakingpeacewithhernewlife.

ThelinguistrecordedKachim’snarrativeinKoro,andanIndiantelevisioncrewhadherrepeatitinHindi.Thisnotonlyenabledtheresearchestounderstandherstoryandherlanguagebutcalledattentiontotheculturalpressuresthreateningthesurvivalofsuchlanguages,upagainstnationallanguagesdominantinschools,commerceandmassmedia.

InthelastSpeakers:TheQuesttoSavetheWorldMostEndangeredlanguages,publishedlastmonthbyNationalGeographieBooks,Dr.HarriennotedthatKorospeaker“wethoroughlymixedinwithlocalpeoplesandnumberperhapsnomorethan800”.Moreover,linguistarenotsurehowKorohassurvivedthislongasaviablelanguage.

Bycontrast,theAkapeoplenumberabout10,000livingincloserelationswithKorospeakersinadistrictofthestateofAnunschalProdesh,whereatleast120languagesarespoken.Dr.Andensonsaidthecoexistenceofseparatelanguagesbetweentwointegratedgroupsthatdonotacknowledgeanethnicdifferencebetweenthemishighlyunusual.

Theefforttoidentify“botspotofthreatenlanguages”thelinguistssaid,iscriticalinmakingdecisionstopreserveandenlargetheuseofsuchtongueswhicharetreasureofapeople’shistoryandculture.

31.WhydidagroupoflinguistsvisitthesmallvillageofnortheasternIndia?

32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthelanguagecalledKorobynativeresidents?

33.What’stheimportantpurposeofrecordingKachim’sstoryinKoroandthentranslatingitintoHindi?

34.Inordertopreserveandenlargetheuseofthethreatenedlanguagesintheworld,itisnecessaryto（）.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheywanttotalkwithayoungwomannamedKachim.

B.Becausetheyhopedtodiscoveranoldlanguagewhichisunwritten.

C.Becausetheywantedtoinvestigatethelittle-knownlanguagesthere.

D.Becausetheyhopedtostudythehistoryandcultureofthatvillage.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItsoundsmuchsimilartoMiji.

B.Ithasalreadyfallenoutofuse.

C.Itiscompletelynewtotheoutsiders.

D.Itisfairlycommoninthatdistrict.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TocomparethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenKoroandAka.

B.Tomakemorepeopleknowhertragicexperienceinthatvillage.

C.ToproduceaTVseriesdepictinghowtoovercomethehardships.

D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontopreservesuchkindsoflanguages.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.checkthememberofunwritten-languagesspeakers

B.identifywhatlanguagesarebecomingextinct

C.understandthepeoples’cultureintheremoteareas

D.studythepressuresthreateningthesurvivaloflanguages

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.EnlargingtheUsesofAka,KoroandHindi

B.Huntingonelanguage,StumblinguponAnother

C.Aka,aNewly-foundLanguageinNortheasterIndia

D.TheLinguists’AdventureinaTinyIndianVillage

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：為什么語言學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)要訪問印度東北部的這個(gè)小村莊?根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段第一句話Twoyearsago,ateamoflinguistsplungedintotheremotehillcountryofnortheasternIndiatostudylittle-knownlanguages,manyofthemunwrittenandindangeroffallingoutofuse.（兩年前，一個(gè)由語言學(xué)家組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)深入印度東北部的偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)，研究鮮為人知的語言，其中許多語言都是沒有記錄的，有被淘汰的危險(xiǎn)。）可知C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兿胝{(diào)查那里鮮為人知的語言”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兿牒鸵粋€(gè)名叫卡西姆的年輕女子談話”，由文章內(nèi)容可知，他們是到了村莊才發(fā)現(xiàn)卡西姆這位女子和珂珞語，所以這并不是他們?nèi)ゴ迩f的目的，故排除；B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍl(fā)現(xiàn)一種沒有記錄的古老語言”，由第三段第二句話TheyexpectedtohearthepeoplespeakingAka,afairlycommontongueinthatdistrict.（他們希望聽到人們說阿卡語，這是該地區(qū)相當(dāng)普遍的語言。），可知語言學(xué)家一開始的目的是為了尋找阿卡語，發(fā)現(xiàn)珂珞語也是意外，故B選項(xiàng)也不正確；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ芯磕莻€(gè)村莊的歷史和文化”，語言學(xué)家此行的目的是學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)村莊的語言，而不是歷史和文化，故D選項(xiàng)排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

32.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：關(guān)于被當(dāng)?shù)鼐用穹Q為珂珞語的語言，下列哪項(xiàng)是正確的?由第三段第三句話Instead,theyheardalanguagethatsoundedasdifferentfromAkaasEnglishdoesfromJapanese.（相反，他們聽到的語言聽起來就像英語和日語聽起來一樣不同），可知，珂珞語是一種完全不同的語言，因此A選項(xiàng)“它聽起來很像Miji語”，不正確；由第六段倒數(shù)第二句話withlocalpeoplesandnumberperhapsnomorethan800…Moreover,linguistarenotsurehowKorohassurvivedthislongasaviablelanguage（當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，人?shù)可能不超過800人，此外，語言學(xué)家也不確定珂珞語是如何作為一種可行的語言存活了這么久的。）可知B選項(xiàng)“它已經(jīng)不再使用了”，不正確；由第三段最后一句話Koro,completelynewtotheworldoutsidetheseruralcommunities（珂珞語，對(duì)這些鄉(xiāng)村社區(qū)之外的世界是全新的），可知C選項(xiàng)“它對(duì)外人來說是全新的”，表述正確；由第三段第二句話TheyexpectedtohearthepeoplespeakingAka,afairlycommontongueinthatdistrict.（他們希望聽到人們說阿卡語，這是該地區(qū)相當(dāng)普遍的語言。），可知阿卡語在當(dāng)?shù)乇容^普遍，而不是珂珞語，故D選項(xiàng)“這在那個(gè)地區(qū)是相當(dāng)普遍的”，不正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：用珂珞語記錄卡西姆的故事，然后翻譯成北印度語的最重要目的是什么？由題干定位到文章第五段第二句話Thisnotonlyenabledtheresearchestounderstandherstoryandherlanguagebutcalledattentiontotheculturalpressuresthreateningthesurvivalofsuchlanguages,upagainstnationallanguagesdominantinschools,commerceandmassmedia.（這不僅使研究人員能夠理解她的故事和她的語言，也引起了人們對(duì)威脅這些語言生存的文化壓力的關(guān)注，以對(duì)抗在學(xué)校、商業(yè)和大眾媒體中占主導(dǎo)地位的民族語言。），可知D選項(xiàng)“引起人們對(duì)保護(hù)這些語言的注意力”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“比較珂珞語和阿卡語的異同”，B選項(xiàng)“為了讓更多的人知道她在那個(gè)村莊的慘痛經(jīng)歷”和C選項(xiàng)“制作一部講述如何克服困難的電視劇”，都是屬于無中生有選項(xiàng)，與文意不符。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。題干：為了保護(hù)和擴(kuò)大瀕危語言在世界上的使用，有必要（）。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Theefforttoidentify“botspotofthreatenlanguages”thelinguistssaid,iscriticalinmakingdecisionstopreserveandenlargetheuseofsuchtongueswhicharetreasureofapeople’shistoryandculture.（語言學(xué)家們表示，識(shí)別“威脅語言”的努力，對(duì)于決定保護(hù)和擴(kuò)大這些語言的使用至關(guān)重要，這些語言是一個(gè)民族歷史和文化的瑰寶。），可知D選項(xiàng)“研究威脅語言生存的壓力”，符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“檢查非書面語言使用者的成員”，B選項(xiàng)“辨別哪些語言正在滅絕”和C選項(xiàng)“了解偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)人民的文化”均不是保護(hù)瀕危語言的有效措施。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干：哪一個(gè)可能是這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題？文章通過敘述語言學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)到印度東北部研究那些鮮為人知的語言，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)了珂珞語的過程，進(jìn)而呼吁這些鮮為人知的語言是一個(gè)民族歷史和文化的瑰寶，人們應(yīng)該保護(hù)這些瀕危語言。所以A選項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大阿卡語、珂珞語和北印度語的使用”，貼合文章主旨；B選項(xiàng)“尋找一種語言，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)另一種語言”，是文章為了說明主旨而描述的故事線，排除；C選項(xiàng)“阿卡語——在印度東北部新發(fā)現(xiàn)的語言”，文章新發(fā)現(xiàn)的語言是珂珞語，所以C選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“語言學(xué)家在一個(gè)小印度村莊的冒險(xiǎn)”，冒險(xiǎn)這個(gè)詞語和文章的基調(diào)不符。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

2.翻譯題

Asholidaysgo,Thanksgivingisinsomewaysthemostphilosophical.Todaywetrynottotakeforgrantedthethingswealmostalwaystakeforgranted.Wetry,ifonlyinthatbriefpausebeforetheeatingbegins,toseethroughthewell-wornpatternsofourlivestowhatliesbehindthem.Inotherwords,wetrytounderstandhowveryrichweare,whetherwefeelveryrichornot.TodayisoneofthefewtimesmostAmericansconsciouslysetdesireaside,ifonlybecausedesireisincompatiblewiththegratitude—nottomentiontheabundance—thatThanksgivingsummons.

ItistemptingtothinkthatoneThanksgivingisprettymuchlikeanother,exceptfordifferencesintheguestlistandtherecipes.Butitisn’ttrue.Thisisalwaysafeastaboutwherewearenow.Thanksgivingreflectsthecomplexionoftheyearwe’rein.Someyearsitfeelsbuoyant,almostjubilantinnature.OtheryearsitseemsmarkedbyaconspicuoushumilityuncommoninthecalendarofAmericanemotions.

Andthisyear?WewillprobablyrememberthisThanksgivingasabanquetofmixedemotions.Thisis,afterall,aprofoundlyAmericanholiday.Theundertowofbusinessasusualseemsespeciallystrongthisyear.Theshadowofawarandmisgivingsoverthefutureloomsinthemindsofmanyofus.MostyearsweenjoytheprivacyofThanksgiving,butthisyeartheholidayfeelslikeareminderforourselvesofwhatitmeanstobeAmerican.

Thatmeansgivingthanksforsomefundamentalprinciplesthatshouldbehonoredeverydayoftheyearinthelifeofthisnation—principlesofgenerosity,toleranceandinclusion.Thisisfeastthatnooneshouldbeturnedawayfrom.Thewelcomewefeelmakessenseonlyifwealsoextendittoothers.

【答案】【參考譯文】在眾多的假日中，感恩節(jié)可以說是最令人深思的節(jié)日。今天我們會(huì)把平時(shí)習(xí)以為常的東面看得很珍貴。我們?cè)囍?，哪怕只是在吃飯前的片刻，去看透那一成不變的生活，悟出背后的道理。換句話說，無論我們覺得自己是貧是富，我們總是盡力把自己看得十分富有。今天是大多數(shù)美國(guó)人有意識(shí)地把欲望放在一邊的為數(shù)不多的時(shí)刻之一，這至少是因?yàn)榻裉煳覀冇幸活w感恩的心，更不用說還有一桌豐盛的菜肴，欲望此時(shí)光臨便顯得格格不入。

人們不禁會(huì)覺得，除了賓客不同，菜式翻新，感恩節(jié)還是年年依舊。其實(shí)不然，感恩節(jié)這一餐總是關(guān)乎到我們的處境，反映出一年的年景。有些年的感恩節(jié)我們心情愉悅，幾乎是喜氣洋洋，但有些年頭我們卻把感恩節(jié)過得相當(dāng)?shù)驼{(diào)，不敢驕傲，這并不是美國(guó)人慣有的情緒。

那么今年呢？日后若想起今年這個(gè)感恩節(jié)，我們也許會(huì)記得，這一餐吃得五味雜陳，這畢竟是一個(gè)深具美國(guó)特色的節(jié)慶之日。但一切如舊的現(xiàn)狀對(duì)美國(guó)人造成的影響在今年似乎特別大，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的陰影，對(duì)未來的擔(dān)憂，一直盤踞在我們?cè)S多人的腦海中。感恩節(jié)我們一般與至親好友在一起，感受那種其樂融融的氣氛，可是今年，我們似乎要借感恩節(jié)與國(guó)人一起重溫身為美國(guó)人的意義。

這就意味著，我們要為能有一些基本的原則而感恩，一些這個(gè)國(guó)家的生活中每日應(yīng)該尊崇的原則，也就是慷慨、容忍、包容的原則。所以這一餐應(yīng)該是來者不拒。我們感受的節(jié)日溫馨，只有與他人分享才有意義。

3.單選題

10.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.100.

B.232.

C.132.

D.332.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Thereareonly100passengersonthisairplane.

W:Thatleaves132emptyseats.

Q:Howmanyseatsarethereonthisairplane?

【解析】計(jì)算題。男士說飛機(jī)上現(xiàn)有乘客100個(gè)，女士說還有132個(gè)空位。因此飛機(jī)總共可以容納232個(gè)乘客。

4.單選題

Whentelevisionisgood,nothing—notthetheatre,notthemagazines,ornewspapers—nothingisbetter.Butwhentelevisionisbad,nothingisworse.Iinviteyoutositdowninfrontofyourtelevisionsetwhenyourstationgoesontheairandstaytherewithoutabook,magazine,newspaper,oranythingelsetodistractyouandkeepyoureyesgluedtothatsetuntilthestationsignsoff.Icanassureyouthatyouwillobserveavastwasteland.Youwillseeaprocessionofgameshows,violence,audienceparticipationshows,formulacomediesabouttotallyunbelievablefamilies,bloodandthunder,mayhem,moreviolence,sadism,murder,Westernbadmen,Westerngoodmen,privateeyes,gangster,stillmoreviolence,andcartoons.Andendlessly,commercialsthatscreamandoffend.Andmostofall,boredom.True,youwillseeafewthingsyouwillenjoy.Buttheywillbevery,veryfew.AndifyouthinkIexaggerate,tryit.

Istherenoroomontelevisiontoteach,toinform,touplift,tostretch,toenlargethecapacitiesofourchildren?Istherenoroomforprogramstodeepenthechildren’sunderstandingofchildreninotherlands?Istherenoroomforachildren’snewsshowexplainingsomethingabouttheworldforthemattheirlevelofunderstanding?Istherenoroomforreadingthegreatliteratureofthepast,teachingthemthegreattraditionsoffreedom?Therearesomefinechildren’sshows,buttheyaredrownedoutinthemassivedosesofcartoons,violence,andmoreviolence.Mustthesebeyourtrademarks?Searchyourconscienceandseewhetheryoucannotoffermoretoyouryoungchildrenwhosefutureyouguardsomanyhourseachandeveryday.

Therearemanypeopleinthisgreatcountry,andyoumustserveallofus.Youwillgetnoargumentfrommeifyousaythat,givenachoicebetweenaWesternandasymphony,morepeoplewillwatchtheWestern.IlikeWesternsandprivateeyes,too.Butasteadydietforthewholecountryisobviouslynotinthepublicinterest.Weallknowthatpeoplewouldmoreoftenprefertobeentertainedthanstimulatedorinformed.Butyourobligationsarenotsatisfiedifyoulookonlytopopularityasatestofwhattobroadcast.Youarenotonlyinshowbusiness;youarefreetocommunicateideasaswellastogiverelaxation.Youmustprovideawiderrangeofchoices,morediversity,morealternatives.Itisnotenoughtocatertothenation’swhims—youmustalsoservethenation’sneeds.Thepeopleowntheair.Theyownitasmuchinprimeeveningtimeastheydoatsixo’clockinthemorning.Foreveryhourthatthepeoplegiveyou—youowethemsomething.Iintendtoseethatyourdebtispaidwithservice.

1.Whattheauthoradvisesustodoisto（）.

2.Whatseemstohaveoffendedtheauthormostontelevisionis（）.

3.Asfaraschildrenareconcerned,theauthor’schiefcomplaintisthat（）

4.Accordingtotheauthor,itisinthepublicinterestto（）.

5.Itistheobligationoftelevisionbusinessto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.readabookwhilewatchingtelevisionprograms

B.observeavastwastelandontelevision

C.watchalltheprogramsofourtelevisionstation

D.findoutwhytelevisionisgood

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.violence

B.commercials

C.Westerns

D.privateeyes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.cartoonsandviolencehavebecometrademarks

B.thereisnochildren’snewsshowontelevision

C.thereisnoreadingofgreatliteratureforchildren

D.therearenotenoughgoodtelevisionprogramsforchildren

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.broadcastonlypopulartelevisionprograms

B.catertotheneedsofallthepeople

C.broadcastbothWesternsandsymphonies

D.entertainpeopleonly

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.catertothenation’swhims

B.providebestprogramsinprimeeveningfree

C.broadcastnewsprograms,atsixinthemorning

D.servethenation’sneedsallthetime

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Iinviteyoutositdowninfrontofyourtelevision...Icanassureyouthatyouwillobserveavastwasteland.”可知，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第四句“Andendlessly,commercialsthatscreamandoffend.”可知，最讓作者不舒服的是沒完沒了的廣告，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Therearesomefinechildren’sshows,buttheyaredrownedoutinthemassivedosesofcartoons,violence,andmoreviolence.”有一些不錯(cuò)的兒童節(jié)目，但是它們被大量的卡通和暴力所淹沒。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為“Youmustprovideawiderrangeofchoices,morediversity,morealternatives.”電視節(jié)目應(yīng)該提供更廣泛的選擇，以此來迎合所有人的需要。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.最后一段“Itisnotenoughtocatertothenation’swhims—youmustalsoservethenation’sneeds.”僅僅滿足民眾的愿望是不夠的，你還必須滿足所有民眾的需要。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestlingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare’sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower:norisPicasso’spainting“Guernica”primarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthegreatworksofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）.

2.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven’smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven（）.

3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerataare（）.

4.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT（）.

5.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartisticactivitiestranscendlimitswith（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular

D.resultofhighlycreativescientificactivity

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits

B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy

C.embellishedandinterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim

D.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninahighlyinnovativefashion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unjustifiablyignoredbymusicologists

B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalueeventhoughtheyareimportantinthehistoryofmusic

C.amongthoseworksinwhichpopularhistoricalthemeswereportrayedinamusicalproduction

D.ofteninappropriatelycitedasexamplesofmusicalworksinwhichanewprincipleoforganizationwasintroduced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltraditionthatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

C.Is.Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.deepskepticism

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.moderateamusement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“coherentlyrelatesdiversephenomena”定位到文章第一段“…h(huán)ighlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization…Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.”可知高度創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)超越了現(xiàn)有形式的限制，建立了新的組織原則。創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生了新的理論，在這個(gè)理論中，使不同的現(xiàn)象以更加連貫清晰的方式聯(lián)系在一起。可判斷出作者認(rèn)為這種將不同的現(xiàn)象更加連貫地聯(lián)系起來的新理論是高度創(chuàng)造性科學(xué)活動(dòng)的結(jié)果。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Beethoven’smusic”定位到文章第二段“IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.”可知據(jù)說貝多芬推翻了規(guī)則，把音樂從沉悶的傳統(tǒng)形式中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究貝多芬的音樂就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的音樂并沒有推翻任何基本規(guī)則。相反，他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他從海頓、莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫等前輩那里繼承了一些規(guī)則、形式和慣例，并以驚人的獨(dú)特的方式加以利用?？膳袛喑鲎髡咛岬截惗喾业囊魳肪哂畜@人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性是因?yàn)樨惗喾乙砸环N高度創(chuàng)新的方式操縱著音樂創(chuàng)作的既定的規(guī)則。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“FlorentineCamerata”定位到文章第二段“…whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.”可知一部作品是否在音樂史上確立了新的原則，與它的美學(xué)價(jià)值并沒有多大的關(guān)聯(lián)。因?yàn)樗w現(xiàn)了一種新的組織原則。有些音樂作品，如佛羅倫薩的歌劇，具有顯著的歷史重要性，但是很少有聽眾或音樂學(xué)家會(huì)把這些作品列入偉大的音樂作品之列?？膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為弗羅倫薩的歌劇雖然在音樂史上很重要，帶來了巨大的影響，但是并沒有認(rèn)為具有很高的審美價(jià)值。故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary…”，可知杰出的創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)具有革命性的特征，可回答選項(xiàng)A的問題，故選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段“Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.”可知他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他從海頓、莫扎特、亨德爾和巴赫等前輩那里繼承了一些規(guī)則、形式和慣例，并以驚人的獨(dú)特的方式加以利用?？苫卮疬x項(xiàng)B的問題，故選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mozart’sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthegreatworksofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.”可知莫扎特的《費(fèi)加羅的婚姻》無疑是偉大的音樂作品之一，盡管它僅僅體現(xiàn)出對(duì)現(xiàn)有方式和規(guī)則的擴(kuò)展創(chuàng)新?？苫卮疬x項(xiàng)C的問題，故選項(xiàng)C可排除。文章第二段中，除了提到Monteverdi的音樂作品體現(xiàn)了新的創(chuàng)作原則并且具有很好的審美價(jià)值，并未提及其它的音樂家。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“allhighlycreativeartisticactivitiestranscendlimits”定位到文章第一段最后兩句“Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.”可知具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)活動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的并不是一種超越既定規(guī)則的新的概括，而是一種美學(xué)上的特殊產(chǎn)物。極具創(chuàng)造力的藝術(shù)家所創(chuàng)造的美學(xué)細(xì)節(jié)，以一種創(chuàng)新的方式，擴(kuò)展或利用了一種現(xiàn)有的形式規(guī)則，而不是超越那種形式?？膳袛喑鲎髡邔?duì)于所有具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)活動(dòng)都超越了現(xiàn)有的形式和規(guī)則的觀點(diǎn)是持有懷疑態(tài)度的。故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.woulddo

B.wouldhavedone

C.did

D.haddone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。under引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非真實(shí)條件句，表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用wouldhavedone，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：在他的所作所為受到表?yè)P(yáng)后，他說，“在更艱苦的條件下，我會(huì)做得更好?！币虼?，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

HefirstreadthisbookbyborrowingitfromhisChineseclassmateatOxford.Andhewassoenchanted.Inordertotranslateit,heevenresignedfromhischairatOxford.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contented

B.fascinated

C.frustrated

D.astonished

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.contented（尤指因生活好而）滿意的，愜意的B.fascinated入迷的，極感興趣的

C.frustrated無效的，沒有得到滿足的D.astonished吃驚的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】enchanted的意思為“著了魔的；極樂的”，在這里指的是看到這本書被深深地吸引，非常高興和激動(dòng)，fascinated與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】他第一次讀這本書是從他在牛津大學(xué)的中國(guó)同學(xué)那里借來讀的，然后就被迷住了。為了翻譯這本書，他甚至辭去了牛津大學(xué)的教職。

8.單選題

Lastweekthefinancialmanageraskedfora（）toBeijingbranch,whichwasjustsetupthreemonthsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transfer

B.transmission

C.transformation

D.transport

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transfer“（地點(diǎn)的）轉(zhuǎn)移，（工作的）調(diào)動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)transmission“傳遞，傳送；播送”；C選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項(xiàng)transport“運(yùn)輸”。根據(jù)句意“上個(gè)星期財(cái)務(wù)部經(jīng)理申請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)去三個(gè)月前剛成立的北京分公司”，本句表示工作上的調(diào)動(dòng)，句中whichwasjustsetupthreemonthsago作非限制性定語從句，修飾Beijingbranch,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Itisour（）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.considerate

C.certain

D.decisive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consistent“始終如一的，一致的，堅(jiān)持的”；B選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的”；C選項(xiàng)certain“某一，必然的”；D選項(xiàng)decisive“決定性的，果斷的，堅(jiān)定的”。句意：通過和平方式實(shí)現(xiàn)團(tuán)結(jié)是我們_____政策。這里表達(dá)的是“一貫的政策”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Therearefaultswhichagereleasesusfrom,andtherearevirtueswhichturntoviceswiththelapseofyears.Theworstoftheseisthrift,whichinearlyandmiddlelifeiswisdomanddutytopracticeforaprovisionagainstdestitution.Astimegoesonthisvirtueisapttoturnintotheugliest,cruelest,shabbiestofthevices.Thenthevictimofitfindshimselfstoringpastallprobableneedofsavingforhimselforthosenexthim,tothedeprivationoftheremoterkinoftherace.Intheearliertimewhengainwassymbolizedbygoldorsilver,themiserhadasensualjoyinthetouchofhisriches,inhearingthecoinsclinkintheirfallthroughhisfingersandingloatingupontheirincreasesensibletothehandandeye.Thenthemiserhadhisplaceamongthegreatfiguresofmisdoing;hewasofadramaticeffect,likeamurdererorarobberandsomethingofthisbaddistinctionclungtohimevenwhenhiscoinshadchangedtopapercurrency,theclean,whitenotesoftheonlyEnglishbank,orthegreenbacks,ofourinnumerablebanksofissue;butwhenthesenseofricheshadbeentransmutedtothebalanceinhisfavorathisbanker’s,orthebondsinhisdraweratthesafety-depositvault,allsplendorhadgoneoutofhisvice.Hisbademinencewasgone,butheclungtothelustofgainwhichhadrankedhimwiththepicturesquewrong-doers,andwhichonlyruinfromwithoutcouldsavehimfrom,unlesshegavehisremnantofstrengthtosavinghimselffromit.Mostagingmenaresensibleofallthis,butfewhavethefranknessofthatagingmanwhooncesaidthathewhodiedrichdieddisgraced,anddiedtheotherdayinthecomparativepovertyoffiftymillions.

1.Thisshortpassageismainlytotellthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,oneisthoughtviciouswhenhe（）.

3.Theitalicizedexpression“gloatingupon”probablymeans（）.

4.Thewords“inthecomparativepovertyoffiftymillions”attheendofthepassagesuggestsanotionthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manbecomesincreasinglygreedywhengettingold

B.amisercanbehonestifhedoesnowrongact

C.agecanhelpconvertsomevirtueintovice

D.misersallstartedfromtryingtobethrifty

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.gathersupmoneyatthesacrificeofallhisfamilymembers

B.practicesendlessthriftytoguardhispeoplefrompoverty

C.storescontinuouslyforhisownandhisrelatives’needs

D.savestoomuchbutwouldn’tspenditforthenecessary

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thinkingwithslightguilt

B.seeingwithmuchsatisfaction

C.touchingwithgreatawe

D.hearingwithlittledelight

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.stinginessmaycauseaveryrichmantodieverypitiful

B.richpeoplemaystilltake50millionascomparativelittle

C.oneremainsdiscontentwithallhehasgaineduntilhisdeath

D.therichareinconsiderateofthemajoritythatliveinpoverty

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章的中心句是第一句Therearefaultswhichagereleasesusfrom,andtherearevirtueswhichturntoviceswiththelapseofyears.（有些缺點(diǎn)會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而消失，有些美德會(huì)隨著歲月的流逝而變成惡習(xí)。），接著文章以節(jié)儉為例說明主題。因此C選項(xiàng)“年齡可以使美德變?yōu)樾皭骸闭_。A選項(xiàng)“人越老越貪婪”和原文隨著歲月的流逝節(jié)儉變成惡習(xí)的意思混淆，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“如果守財(cái)奴沒有做錯(cuò)事，他也可以是誠(chéng)實(shí)的”在文中沒有提及，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“吝嗇鬼都是從努力節(jié)儉開始的”是文中的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，不能概括文章主旨，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第四句Thenthevictimofitfindshimselfstoringpastallprobableneedofsavingforhimselforthosenexthim,tothedeprivationoftheremoterk