考研考博-英語-華東師范大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東師范大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

AntonioRatti,at78stillakingoftheItaliansilkindustry,oncewarnedhisemployees:“Don’tlet'sbecomefatandlazyliketheLyonnais”.Lyon,traditionalcenteroftheFrenchsilkindustrysince1536,risked“l(fā)osingeverything’’,theItalianwarned.

Althoughhispredicationhasnotcometrue,theindustryisonlynowshowingsignsofrenewedvigorafterseeingitspre-eminenceslipoverthepast50years.Examplesoftherichropeandfabricsformerlysuppliedtoroyalcounts,popesandcardinalsareonshowinthecity'smuseum,butfewsilkcompaniessurviveonthehillsideabovetheRiverSeine.

WhileLyonandsurroundingRhoneAlpsregionremainthecenteroftheFrenchtextilesindustry,mostofthe650companiesand55,000workersinthesectordealinsyntheticfibers.Localproductionofrawsilkhasfadedalmosttonothing,leavingthefieldtoChina.Butbyallyingprovendesignstrengthswithmoreaggressivemarketing,specialistcompaniesareaimingtorecapturemarketsinluxuryandhighfashionproducts,suchasLyon-madeHermesscarves,andtoexploitthetrendtowardsmedium-pricedsilkgoods.

“AlltoooftentheLyonnaisadoptedtheattitudethatitwasforbuyerstocomeanddiscoverwhattheyhadtooffer/saysRonaldCurrieoftheLyon-basedInternationalSilkAssociation.

HisopinionthattheLyonnaisaremoreoutward-lookingisconfirmedbyGillesMalfroy,whoseMalfroyMillionsells3millionsilkscarvesayear,notablyinJapan.Itisalso

developingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoodsdifferentfromthosemass-producedbyChinese-Italianjointventures.“Priceisimportant.”Malfroysays,“Butpeopleworldwidealsowantvarietyandexclusivity”.Slowly,theFrencharemakinginroadsonthemarketshareamassedsince1945bytheItaliansilkindustry.Butwiththeirturnoveroflessthan$10millionayear,Lyon'sweaversandprintersarestilldwarfedbyRatti's$200millionturnover.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,Lyonnais（

）.

2.What’sthemeaningof“slip”inparagraphtwo?

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.SilkscarvesofMalfroyMillionsellwellbecauseof

（

）.

5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wereemployeesoftheFrenchtextileindustry

B.wereemployeesoftheItaliansilkindustry

C.wastheItaliansilkindustry

D.wastheFrenchsilkindustry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Anunintentionalandtrivialmistake

B.Movingquietlyandcautiously.

C.Afallfromsomelevelorstandard

D.Narrowstripofpaper.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheFrenchsilkproductsaredisappearingfromtheworldmarket.

B.ThecenteroftheFrenchtextilesindustryischanging.

C.LuxurysilkproductshelpFrancetorecapturesilkmarket.

D.TheLyonnaishavenotrealizedthedangerbeforethem.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theirlowprice

B.theirexclusivedesign

C.theirhighquality

D.alloftheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.themass-producedsilkgoodsislosingmarketinChina

B.MalfroyMillionisdevelopingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoods

C.Lyon'sweaversandprintersaredwarfedbyRatti'sbecauseoflessturnovers

D.theFrenchandtheItalianarecompetingwitheachotheratthemarketofChina.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段Lyon,traditionalcenteroftheFrenchsilkindustrysince1536提到里昂自1536年來是法國(guó)的絲綢業(yè)的傳統(tǒng)中心，選項(xiàng)B和C是關(guān)于意大利的，可以排除；文章第一段里面Ratti對(duì)員工說，“希望我們不要成為像里昂那樣又胖又懶”，可知他本身也是法國(guó)紡織工業(yè)的一員。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.slip出現(xiàn)在文章第二段第一句話：Althoughhispredicationhasnotcometrue,theindustryisonlynowshowingsignsofrenewedvigorafterseeingitspre-eminenceslipoverthepast50years，主要講述了里昂作為法國(guó)紡織業(yè)中心的興衰，renewedvigor“新的活力”，可以推斷在注入新的活力之前是經(jīng)過了下滑，因此slip在這里的意思是“下滑”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第三段最后一句specialistcompaniesareaimingtorecapturemarketsinluxuryandhighfashionproducts,suchasLyon-madeHermesscarves,andtoexploitthetrendtowardsmedium-pricedsilkgoods提到一些公司試圖通過奢侈品和高端的時(shí)尚產(chǎn)品重新占據(jù)市場(chǎng)，由此可以推斷出法國(guó)紡織業(yè)公司通過生產(chǎn)圍巾等來重新占據(jù)市場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段“Priceisimportant.”Malfroysays,“Butpeopleworldwidealsowantvarietyandexclusivity”提到價(jià)格、多樣性以及獨(dú)特性對(duì)于消費(fèi)者來說都很重要。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.題目的要求是下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)在文章中沒有直接講述，但是在文章中有暗示。文章最后一段ItisalsodevelopingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoodsdifferentfromthosemass-producedbyChinese-Italianjointventures提到Malfroy正在通過價(jià)格低質(zhì)量高的商品來發(fā)展市場(chǎng)，這些商品與之前中意合資企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的商品不同，由此可以推測(cè)大批量的商品正在逐漸失去市場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas______inashortperiodoftime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingcreate

B.havingcreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.creating

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們的現(xiàn)代文明不應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是在短時(shí)間內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出來的。根據(jù)civilization被create確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)create的動(dòng)作從過去開始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且將持續(xù)下去確定用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)havingbeencreated符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Shemadetwocopiesofthispoemandpostedthem（）todifferentpublishers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensationally

B.simultaneously

C.strenuously

D.simply

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。sensational轟動(dòng)的、聳人聽聞的；simultaneously同時(shí)地；strenuous緊張的，費(fèi)力的；simply簡(jiǎn)單地。由前半句“她將這首詩復(fù)印了兩份”以及后半句的“不同的出版商”可推知她同時(shí)將兩份復(fù)印件寄給了不同的出版商。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thefuelofthecontinentalmissileissupposedtobe（

）bythisdevice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fired

B.ignited

C.inspired

D.expired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。fire意為“射擊，開火”；ignite意為“燃燒，著火，點(diǎn)燃”；inspire意為“激勵(lì)，鼓舞”；expire意為“期滿”。

句意：洲際導(dǎo)彈的燃料應(yīng)該由這個(gè)裝置來點(diǎn)燃。

5.單選題

Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedstudentstoreadafew（

）fromthenovel.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:上閱讀課時(shí)，老師要求學(xué)生閱讀小說中的幾個(gè)。

pieces(完整的)作品;essay論文,文章;fragment片段,一般指文藝作品中的殘存部分；extract書本中的摘錄，選段等。故選D。

6.單選題

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反義疑問句直接用be動(dòng)詞+there。

7.單選題

Thejudgerebukedthepolicefortheirtreatmentoftheprisoner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defended

B.reproved

C.approved

D.ratified

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)defendedv.辯護(hù)，防護(hù)，保衛(wèi)；B選項(xiàng)reprovedv.責(zé)罵，譴責(zé)，刁難；C選項(xiàng)approvedv.批準(zhǔn)，贊成，審核；D選項(xiàng)ratifiedv.批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可。根據(jù)題意法官指責(zé)了警官對(duì)待犯人的方式可知，B項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

NearlytwothousandyearshavepassedsinceacensusdecreedbyCaesarAugustusbecomepartofthegreateststoryevertold.Manythingshavechangedintheinterveningyears.Thehotelindustryworriesmoreaboutoverbuildingthanovercrowding,andiftheyhadtomeetanunexpectedinflux,fewinnswouldhaveamanagertoaccommodatethewearyguests.Nowitisthecensustakerthatdoesthetravelinginthefondhopethatahighlymobilepopulationwillstaylongenoughtogetagoodsampling.Methodsofgathering,recording,andevaluatinginformationhavepresumablybeenimprovedagreatdeal.AndwherethenitwasthemodestpurposeofRometoobtainasimpleheadcountasanadequatebasisforlevyingtaxes,nowbatteriesofcomplicatedstatisticalseriesfurnishedbygovernmentalagenciesandprivateorganizationsareeagerlyscannedandinterpretedbysagesandseerstogetacluetofutureevents.TheBibledoesnottellushowtheRomancensustakersmadeout,andasregardsourmoreimmediateconcern,thereliabilityofpresentdayeconomicforecasting,thereareconsiderabledifferencesofopinion.Theywereairedatthecelebrationofthe125thanniversaryoftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation.TherewasthethoughtthatbusinessforecastingmightWellbeonitswayfromanarttoascience,andsomespeakerstalkedaboutnewfangledcomputersandhigh-falutinmathematicalsystemintermsofexcitementandendearmentwhichwe,atleastinouryoungeryearswhenthesethingsmattered,wouldhaveassociatedmorereadilywiththedescriptionofafairmaiden.ButotherspointedtothedeplorablerecordofhighlyesteemedforecastsandforecasterswithabattingaveragebelowthatoftheMets,andthePresident-electoftheAssociationcautionedthat“highpoweredstatisticalmethodsareusuallyinorderwherethefactsarecrudeandinadequate,theexactcontraryofwhatcrudeandinadequatestatisticiansassume.”Welefthisbirthdaypartysomewherebetweenhopeanddespairandwiththeconviction,notreallynewlyacquired,thatproperstatisticalmethodsappliedtoascertainablefactshavetheirmeritsineconomicforecastingaslongasneitherforecasternorpublicisdeludedintomistakingthedelineationofprobabilitiesandtrendsforapredictionofcertaintiesofmathematicalexactitude.

43.TaxationinRomandaysapparentlywasbasedon______.

44.TheAmericanStatisticalAssociation______.

45.Themessagetheauthorwishesthereadertogetis______.

46The“greateststoryevertold”referredtointhepassageisthestoryof______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wealth

B.mobility

C.population

D.censustakers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.isconvertingstatisticalstudyfromanarttoascience

B.hasanexcellentrecordinbusinessforecasting

C.isneitherhopefulnorpessimistic

D.speakswithmathematicalexactitude

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.statisticianshavenotadvancedsincethedaysoftheRoman

B.statisticsisnotasyetascience

C.statisticianslovetheirmachine

D.computerishopeful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Christmas

B.TheMets

C.Moses

D.RomanCensusTakers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】43.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“羅馬時(shí)代的稅收顯然是基于……”。文章第六句指出AndwherethenitwasthemodestpurposeofRometoobtainasimpleheadcountasanadequatebasisforlevyingtaxes（那時(shí)羅馬計(jì)算人頭作為征稅的適當(dāng)基礎(chǔ)，目的很簡(jiǎn)單）可知，羅馬時(shí)代的稅收是基于人口，C項(xiàng)“人口”正確。B項(xiàng)“流動(dòng)性”是人口的特點(diǎn)，D項(xiàng)“人口普查員”是普查人口的執(zhí)行者，這兩項(xiàng)都不符合題干；A項(xiàng)“財(cái)富”沒提到。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“美國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)……”。根據(jù)文中第六句開始講的觀點(diǎn)：…nowbatteriesofcomplicatedstatisticalseriesfurnishedbygovernmentalagenciesandprivateorganizationsareeagerlyscannedandinterpretedbysagesandseerstogetacluetofutureevents.TheBibledoesnottellushowtheRomancensustakersmadeout,andasregardsourmoreimmediateconcern,thereliabilityofpresentdayeconomicforecasting,thereareconsiderabledifferencesofopinion.Theywereairedatthecelebrationofthe125thanniversaryoftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation.TherewasthethoughtthatbusinessforecastingmightWellbeonitswayfromanarttoascience,andsomespeakerstalkedaboutnewfangledcomputersandhigh-falutinmathematicalsystemintermsofexcitementandendearment…（現(xiàn)在，政府機(jī)構(gòu)和私人組織的一系列復(fù)雜的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字，由智者和先知人物殷切地瀏覽和解釋以取得預(yù)先外未來事件的線索。圣經(jīng)并沒有告訴我們羅馬的人口調(diào)查員是怎么調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)的。至于我們當(dāng)前更加關(guān)心的問題：目前經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)的可靠性，意見分歧很大。美國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)125周年慶祝活動(dòng)上，人們?cè)诖笏列麚P(yáng)這些不同觀點(diǎn)。有一種說法是經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)可能正從文科轉(zhuǎn)向理科發(fā)展。有些人興高采烈大談新型計(jì)算機(jī)和非常高級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)系統(tǒng)……）可知，美國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)正把統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)從文科轉(zhuǎn)向理科發(fā)展，所以A項(xiàng)“正把統(tǒng)計(jì)研究從文科轉(zhuǎn)變成理科”正確。文中提到ButotherspointedtothedeplorablerecordofhighlyesteemedforecastsandforecasterswithabattingaveragebelowthatoftheMets…（但也有人指出，那些備受尊敬的預(yù)測(cè)和預(yù)測(cè)者的平均成功率還低于Mets的糟糕記錄）可知，B項(xiàng)“在商業(yè)預(yù)測(cè)方面有出色的記錄”不正確。C項(xiàng)“不樂觀也不悲觀”文章沒有提到，只提到了他們半喜半憂地離開協(xié)會(huì)。由最后一句thatproperstatisticalmethodsappliedtoascertainablefactshavetheirmeritsineconomicforecastingaslongasneitherforecasternorpublicisdeludedintomistakingthedelineationofprobabilitiesandtrendsforapredictionofcertaintiesofmathematicalexactitude.（只要預(yù)測(cè)者和公眾都不會(huì)把對(duì)概率和趨勢(shì)的描述誤認(rèn)為是具有數(shù)學(xué)精確性的確定性的預(yù)測(cè)，適用于可確定事實(shí)的恰當(dāng)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法在經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)中還是有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)的。）可知，D項(xiàng)“以精確的數(shù)學(xué)說話”不正確。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

45.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者希望讀者得到的信息是……”。根據(jù)文中的描述：…andthePresident-electoftheAssociationcautionedthat“highpoweredstatisticalmethodsareusuallyinorderwherethefactsarecrudeandinadequate,theexactcontraryofwhatcrudeandinadequatestatisticiansassume.”Welefthisbirthdaypartysomewherebetweenhopeanddespairandwiththeconviction,notreallynewlyacquired,thatproperstatisticalmethodsappliedtoascertainablefactshavetheirmeritsineconomicforecastingaslongasneitherforecasternorpublicisdeludedintomistakingthedelineationofprobabilitiesandtrendsforapredictionofcertaintiesofmathematicalexactitude.（連統(tǒng)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)的主席也告誡說高能統(tǒng)計(jì)法在實(shí)際材料原始和不允許的地方一般發(fā)揮正常。這跟低級(jí)的，不合適的統(tǒng)計(jì)員所假定的正好相反。我們懷著喜憂參半的心情離開周年慶祝宴會(huì)，懷著確實(shí)不是新近才有的信念，相信只要預(yù)測(cè)者和公眾都不會(huì)把對(duì)概率和趨勢(shì)的描述誤認(rèn)為是具有數(shù)學(xué)精確性的確定性的預(yù)測(cè)，適用于可確定事實(shí)的恰當(dāng)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法在經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)中還是有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)的。），可知只要不把對(duì)概率和趨勢(shì)的描述誤認(rèn)為是具有數(shù)學(xué)精確性的確定性預(yù)測(cè)，那么統(tǒng)計(jì)法在經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)中就有它的貢獻(xiàn)，從中我們可以推知，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)還不是一門科學(xué)（理科），所以B項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)還不是一門科學(xué)”正確。A項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家從羅馬時(shí)代起就沒有進(jìn)步”和C項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家喜歡他們的計(jì)算機(jī)”沒有提到過。D項(xiàng)“電腦是有希望的”，文中只講了有些人懷著興高采烈的心情大講新型計(jì)算機(jī)和非常高級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)“系統(tǒng)”，暗示了計(jì)算機(jī)大有希望，但不是所有人都這樣認(rèn)為的。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

46.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“本文中提到的‘有史以來最偉大的故事’是……的故事”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一句話NearlytwothousandyearshavepassedsinceacensusdecreedbyCaesarAugustusbecomepartofthegreateststoryevertold.（自從凱撒奧古斯都下令進(jìn)行的人口普查成為有史以來最偉大的故事的一部分以來，已經(jīng)過去了近兩千年），其中提到了凱撒奧古斯都頒布的征稅法令，而這個(gè)故事是被基督徒稱為圣誕故事的經(jīng)文，所以這是圣誕節(jié)的故事，A項(xiàng)“圣誕節(jié)”正確。B項(xiàng)“theMets”、C項(xiàng)“摩西”和D項(xiàng)“羅馬人口普查員”都不正確。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使減少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexoticthingsaboutcarsinhisbrother’smagazines

C.hisoldestbrotherlovedtotakehimtoplacesinhiscar

D.hesubscribedtocoolcarmagazines

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mycarisfarbetterthanmybrother’swas

B.mycarisnotasgoodasmybrother’swas

C.notmuchhaschangedintheperformanceofcarssofar

D.muchimprovementhasbeenmadeinthedesignofcarsrecently

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareinneedoffurtherimprovement.

B.Theyaregoingtodisappeargradually.

C.Theykillpeopleinsteadofprotectingtheminlow-speedcollisions.

D.TheyareastandardfeatureofEuropeancars.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillgiveawarninginadvance.

B.Theywillbrakeautomatically.

C.Theywilleaseuponthrottle.

D.Theywillnotstart.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewillgiveupallcontroltotheircars.

B.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselves.

C.Nocarswilleverbreakdownontheroads.

D.Carswillallbeequippedwithfailsafesystems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.”和許多其他小男孩一樣，我對(duì)汽車很著迷，尤其是因?yàn)槲业母绺缡莻€(gè)汽車迷，訂閱了《汽車與司機(jī)》和《汽車趨勢(shì)》等很酷的雜志。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“和其他男孩一樣想擁有自己的車”和原文不符，作者只是說自己和其他男孩一樣對(duì)汽車著迷；選項(xiàng)B“作者在哥哥的雜志上讀到有關(guān)汽車的新奇事物”符合原文；選項(xiàng)C在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)D是作者哥哥訂閱的雜志而不是他自己，所以錯(cuò)誤。

第2題:語義題。這句話的意思是“我的車不能做任何我哥哥的車所不能做的事”。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容“Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.”它前進(jìn)，它停止，它燃燒汽油，它播放音樂。我仍然需要操縱它，如果我不小心操縱，它仍然會(huì)撞到東西。以及第二段首句“Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.”但你猜怎么著？所有這些都可能在不久的將來發(fā)生變化。也就是說，到目前為止，汽車的性能并沒有發(fā)生改變，它還是需要人來操控。所以選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.”考慮到最近的新聞，安全氣囊在低速碰撞中偶爾會(huì)使人喪生，顯然安全氣囊仍然需要一些改進(jìn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。選項(xiàng)B與原文“Buttheyaren’tgoingaway.”不符；根據(jù)第二句中的關(guān)鍵詞“occasionally”可知，選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對(duì)；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“alcohol”定位到倒數(shù)第四段“Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.”例如，汽車可以配備傳感器，檢測(cè)駕駛員身體中的酒精含量，從而防止汽車啟動(dòng)。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“它們不會(huì)啟動(dòng)”正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon'tbetechnicallypossible...”汽車最終能自動(dòng)駕駛嗎？沒有理由認(rèn)為這在技術(shù)上是不可能的。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars.”沒有人真的希望人們完全放棄對(duì)汽車的控制，所以選項(xiàng)A不正確；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒有提及。

10.單選題

“Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,”JosephConradoncesaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mighty

B.prospective

C.odd

D.formidable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。weird表示“奇怪的，不可思議的”；A項(xiàng)mighty“強(qiáng)有力的”，B項(xiàng)prospective“未來的”，C項(xiàng)odd“古怪的”，D項(xiàng)formidable“令人敬畏的”。句意：約瑟夫?康納德（JosephConrad）曾經(jīng)說過：“口頭語言擁有神奇的力量?！备鶕?jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Terrorismprovestobeamoreseriousproblemthananticipated,anditchallengesbothpolicymakersburdenedwiththedesignofcountermeasuresandsocialscientistswhoarecalledupontoexplainitTerrorism’suniquenatureisrevealedbytwophenomena.First,publicperceptionofthreatanddangerseemstobedisproportionatetoterrorists’actualcapabilities.Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe“publicmind”;inotherwords,itisaformofpsychologicalwarfare.

Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.Onecouldargue,ofcourse,thatterrorists’abilitytosowwidespreadfearhardlyneedsproofasitisobviousthatviolenceandparticularlytheterrorists’hallmark,randomlytargetedviolence,areanxietyinducing.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatterrorismhasclaimedrelativelyfewcasualtiestodate,andthatinmostcountriestheactualprobabilityofincurringharmfromterroristicactivityisonlyafractionof,say,theriskofdeathorinjuryinvehicleaccidentsorcommoncrimes.Hence,thepowerofterrorismtointimidateshouldnotbetakenforgranted.

Intimidationandtheinductionoffeararenottheendsofterrorists’activitybutrathermeanstoeffectpoliticalchange.Theirviolenceispredicatedontwoassumptions:(a)Violentactioncanforcethecausespursuedbyterroristsintotheforefrontofanindifferentpublic’sawareness;(b)facedwiththechoicebetweencontinuingviolenceandacceptanceoftheterrorists’demands,thepublicmightoptforthelatter.Thus,theattitudesthatthetargetsofpoliticalterrorismdeveloptowarditsperpetrators,theirobjectives,andtheactionsthatoughttobeundertakenvisrd-visthemconstitutetellingmeasuresoftheeffectivenessofterrorism.

Thepresentinvestigationsoughttoassessthepsychologicalreactionsofapublicwhichhasbeenexposedforaconsiderablelengthoftimetothethreatsandactionsofterrorist.Regardingemotionalimpacts,thedatasuggestthatterrorism’sabilitytointimidate,toinduceworryandconcern,disproportionallyexceedstheactualdamageitcauses.Accordingtothedatagathered,theactualprobabilityofbeingvictimizedbyterroristactivitywasextremelylow;estimatedatlessthan1/20ofthelikelihoodofbeinghurtinaroadaccident.Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.

Thesurveyresultsindicatethatterrorismhasfailedtoproducethechangeinattitudessoughtbyitsperpetrators.Mostrespondentsfavored,instead,therelianceonextremecounterterroristmeasures.ThehardeningofIsraelisattitudestowardterroristsandtheirobjectiveswasalsorevealedbytherespondents’unanimityofopinion.Takentogether,thedataconcerningtheemotionalimpactofterrorismanditseffectsonattitudesdidnotbearouttherationalewhichgovernsterroristicaction.Despitethewidespreadconcernandworryrevealedbythesedata,therewasnoevidenceofanywillingnesstopoliticallyconcedetoterrorists.Onthecontrary,andasalreadynoted,themajorityadvocatedtheadoptionofharshmeasuresagainstterrorists.Thus,atleastinsofarasPalestinianterrorismandtheIsraelipublicareconcerned,provestobecounterproductive.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutterrorism?

2.Theauthorstatesthatinjuryordeathismorelikelytobesustainedfromautomobileaccidentsthanbyterrorism,andfromthiswecanconcludethat（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,fearofterrorismisintensifiedby

（

）.

4.Theauthorcomparespublicperceptionofthethreatofterrorismtotheriskofvehicleinjuryordeathinorderto

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sconclusions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Publicfearisinverselyaffectedbyterrorists’capacityfordestruction.

B.Resolvingtheproblemofterrorismrequirescooperationbetweengovernmentsandterrorists.

C.Terrorismincitesfearinpopulationsbesidesthattargetedandonagreaterscale.

D.Terrorismisaninevitabilityandmustbeeradicated.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.terrorismisirrelevantandmoretimeandeffortshouldbeallottedtoothersocialdemands

B.theefficacyofterrorismcanbewitnessedbytheemotionalresponseofthepublic

C.anxietyresultingfromterrorismshouldbeclinicallytreated

D.thepsychologicaleffectsofterrorismareinferiortothatofvehicleaccidents

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theseeminglyhaphazardandunsystematicattacks

B.theincreasedrisksofpersonalinjurybyterrorism

C.ever-collapsingsocialorderduetoendlessglobalterrorattacks

D.theinabilityofgovernmenttocontrolterrorism

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.furtherevaluatethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetwo

B.showthatoneismorelikelytodiefromdailyroutinesthanbyterrorism

C.revealtheinabilityofapersontoinfluencetheoutcomeofaterrorattack

D.exemplifychaostheoryandrevealtheconsequencesofeachact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheobjectivesofterroristsaremetwithpublicdisdainandasaresulttheIsraeligovernmentandIsraelishaveadoptedstringentactiontocounterterrorism.

B.TheIsraelipublicunanimouslybelievedthatthegovernmentshouldconcedetoterrorists’demands,andthegovernmentshouldadoptpoliciesinfavorofterroristsinordertoreduceviolence.

C.Terroristsshouldbepunishedstrictlyandswiftlywithlittleregardfortheterrorists’autonomywhenconcerningimprisonmentandtorture.

D.Israelipublicperceptionofterrorismhasnotchanged,andharshmeasuresforcounterterrorismmustbeadopted;however,governmentsshouldtrytoworkwithterroristgroupswhereapplicabletoreducecasualties.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。文章第一段提到“Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe‘publicmind’”，恐怖主義對(duì)目標(biāo)群體的影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于對(duì)直接受害者的影響，它是對(duì)“民心”施加影響。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。文章第二段第一句說到“Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.”由此可知恐怖主義的心理影響體現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人的情緒和態(tài)度反應(yīng)上。B選項(xiàng)表示“公眾的情緒反應(yīng)可以證明恐怖主義的效力”符合題意。

第3題:3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第四段說到“Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.”大部分人很擔(dān)心恐怖主義帶來的人身傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這加劇了恐怖主義對(duì)人們的心理影響。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。第四段最后一句說到了兩者比較“Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.”盡管交通事故比恐怖主義事件的危險(xiǎn)大得多，但司機(jī)覺得自己能控制車輛，而恐怖襲擊事件卻是不可控的。C選項(xiàng)“揭示了個(gè)人對(duì)恐怖事件的無能為力”符合題意。

第5題:5.主旨大意題。文章最后一段做出了總結(jié)，沒有證據(jù)表明會(huì)對(duì)恐怖主義做出政治讓步的意愿，大多數(shù)人主張對(duì)恐怖主義分子采取嚴(yán)厲措施。以色列對(duì)恐怖主義及其目的的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度與受訪者觀點(diǎn)一致。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

It’sapitythatshemarstheaccountofwhathappenedby______herownviewstoomuch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.derailing

B.falsifying

C.cowering

D.obtruding

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.derailing（火車）出軌，脫軌B.falsifying篡改；偽造（文字記錄、信息）

C.cowering（因恐懼而）蜷縮，畏縮D.obtruding強(qiáng)行闖入；強(qiáng)加于人

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息shemarstheaccountofwhathappened（她破壞了對(duì)所發(fā)生事情的敘述），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)詞義可知，by______herownviewstoomuch表達(dá)的意思是“通過強(qiáng)加自己的觀點(diǎn)給別人”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】遺憾的是，她把自己的觀點(diǎn)過多地強(qiáng)加于人，歪曲了對(duì)所發(fā)生事情的敘述。

13.單選題

TheartistoftheRenaissancewasanall-roundman.Fromhisstudioonecouldorderapaintingforthechurchaltar,acarvedweddingchest,asilverewer,oracrucifix.ThemasteroftheworkshopmightbesculpturingaVenusfortheduke’sgarde