考研考博-英語-北京工業(yè)大學(xué)耿丹學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京工業(yè)大學(xué)耿丹學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

PerhapsnosinglemonumentintheUSAisasfamousaretheStateofLiberty.StandingonasmallislandinNewYorkHarbor,thecrownedlady,holdingaloftinherrighthandthetorchoffreedomandinherlefthandatabletwhichisinscribed“July4th,1776”，isasymbolofAmericandemocracy.Sheiscolossal.Sheis151ft.highandthepedestalonwhichshestandsisalmostasmuch.Anelevatortakesvisitorstothetopofthepedestal,aroundwhichabalconyruns.

ASpiralstaircasegoesuptothecrown,andanothertothetorch.TheStateofLibertywasagifttotheUSAfromFrancein1886,asamarkoffriendshipandalsoinmemoryoftheaidFrancegavetheAmericansduringtheAmericanRevolution.

Formillionsofimmigrants,theStatuewastheirfirstsightofthepromisedland,andforafewitwasalsothelast,astheysailedbackhomeagain.AboutamilefromLibertyIsland,thereisanothersmallisland,calledEllisIsland,whichwaslookeduponwithdreadbytheimmigrants.Foritwasherethattheyhadtowaittheirturntobeexaminedbydoctorsandofficials.MostoftheimmigrantscouldnotspeakawordofEnglish.Butonlytwooutof100immigrantswererefusedadmissiontoNewYorkCity.Oftenthepersonrefusedturnedouttobeagrand-motheroraweary,frightenedgirlmistakenlylabeled“feeble-minded.”Sometimeshusbandsandwiveswerepartedbecauseoneofthemhappenedtohaveabadcoughandwassuspectedofhavingtuberculosis.

NewYorkCitywasabitterdisillusionmenttosomeimmigrants.Forfrombeingacitypavedwithgold,itwasacityteemingwithovercrowded,unhealthyandunsafeghettos.Theimmigrantslookedforearlierimmigrantsoftheirownnationalityorreligion.SoItalian,Polish,Irish,Jewishneighborhoodsgrewup.BecausetheycouldnotspeakEnglish,thenewcomersfounditdifficulttogetworkatonce,andtheirlivingquarterswereoftenslums.

However,theyfoundintheUSAopportunitiesofbetteringthemselves.TodayimmigrantsnolongerhavetoenduretheindignitiesofEllsIsland.Thegrimbuildingswerecloseddownin1924.In1976,EllisIslandbecameanhistoricmonument.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Theword“colossal”inparagraph1means（

）.

3.ImmigrantslookeduponEllisIslandwithdreadbecause（

）.

4.Paragraph3impliesthat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisnottrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.GatewaytotheUSA

B.StateofLiberty

C.EllisIsland

D.ImmigrantsoftheUSA

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.miniature

B.colorful

C.enormous

D.beautiful

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldnotspeakaword

B.theymightberefusedadmissiontotheUSA

C.husbandsandwivesmightberecognized

D.theyweresuspected

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.NewYorkCitywaspavedwithgold

B.immigrantsofthesamenationalityandreligionlivedinthesamebuilding

C.immigrantslivedeverywhere

D.someimmigrantsweredisappointedatNewYorkCity

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheStatueofLibertywasagiftfromFrance.

B.FrancegavetheUSAtheStatetocommemoratetheaidtheyreceivedfromtheUS.

C.TheStatueofLibertyisthemostfamousmonumentintheUSA

D.TheStatueofLibertyisthesymbolofAmericandemocracy.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章開頭主要提到了美國的自由女神像：它的外觀、高度、結(jié)構(gòu)、來源以及意義等。接著提到了外來移民在美國的現(xiàn)實(shí)生存狀況以及后續(xù)發(fā)生的變化。選項(xiàng)B、C、D都只涉及到了其中一個點(diǎn)，不全面。而選項(xiàng)A“通往美國的門戶”既指代了美國自由女神像，也可以用來指代外來移民進(jìn)入美國的情形，符合題意。

2.根據(jù)后面的句子Sheis151ft.high“她高151英尺”可推測colossal是巨大的意思，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第三段Foritwasherethattheyhadtowaittheirturntobe

examinedbydoctorsandofficials提到因?yàn)樵谶@里他們（外來移民）不得不等待醫(yī)生和官員的檢查。因?yàn)槿绻麢z查不通過的話，他們會被拒絕入美國境內(nèi)，所以他們很擔(dān)心。選項(xiàng)B“他們可能會被拒絕進(jìn)入美國”符合題意。

4.文章第四段第一句NewYorkCitywasabitterdisillusionmenttosomeimmigrants提到紐約市對一些移民來說是一種痛苦的幻滅，可以推出選項(xiàng)D“一些移民對美國感到失望”符合題意。

5.文章第二段asamarkoffriendshipandalsoinmemoryoftheaidFrancegavetheAmericansduringtheAmericanRevolution提到是為了紀(jì)念在美國革命期間法國給予美國人的援助，選項(xiàng)B“為了紀(jì)念從美國那里獲得的援助”說法是錯誤的，符合題意。

2.單選題

InNovember1987thegovernment（

）apublicdebateonthefuturedirectionoftheofficialsportspolicy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.designated

C.induced

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)initiate“開始、發(fā)起”；B選項(xiàng)designate“指定、指派”；C選項(xiàng)induce“引誘、說服”；D選項(xiàng)promote“促進(jìn)、提高”。由關(guān)鍵詞“government”和“publicdebate公開辯論”，判斷可知空格部分單詞意思為“發(fā)起”，句意為：1987年11月，政府就官方體育方針政策的未來走向發(fā)起了一場公開辯論。故正確答案選A。

3.單選題

Thenaturaldisastershaveimmeasurably（）thesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofourcountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressed

B.affected

C.effected

D.interfered

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。impress“給予某人深刻印象”；affect“影響；感染；”;effect“產(chǎn)生;達(dá)到目的”；interfere“沖突;介入”。句意：自然災(zāi)害會對我們國家的社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生不可估量的影響。由naturaldisasters可推知自然災(zāi)害會對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會產(chǎn)生影響。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Aslongaswedon’tloseheart,Ibelievewecanachieveourgoal（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthelongrun

B.inthefirstplace

C.onthewhole

D.atleast

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。inthelongrun“從長遠(yuǎn)來看；最終”；inthefirstplace“首先;起初”；onthewhole“基本上；就全體而論”；atleast“至少”。句意：只要我們不失去信心，那么我相信我們最終可以達(dá)成我們的目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Itwasthebiggestscientificgrudgematchsincethespacerace.TheGenomeWarshadeverythingtwogroupswithappealing-leadersreadytofightinascientificdeadheatpushingthelimitsoftechnologyandrhetoricastheybattledtobecomethefirsttoreadeverylastoneofthe3billionDNA“l(fā)etters”inthehumanbody.Thescientificimportanceoftheworkisunquestionable.

ThecompletedDNAsequenceisexpectedtogivescientistsunprecedentedinsightsintotheworkingsofthehumanbody,revolutionizingmedicineandbiology.Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab.

Nowtheraceisover.Afteryearsofpublicattacksandseveralfailedattemptsatreconciliation,thetwosidesaretakingasteptowardaperiodofcalm.HGPheadFrancisCollins(andAriPatrinosoftheDepartmentofEnergy,animportantallyonthegovernmentside)andCraigVenter,thefounderofCelera,agreedtoholdajointpressconferenceinWashingtonthisMondaytodeclarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing).

Nooneisexactlysurehowthingswillbedifferentnow.Neithersidewillbeturningoffitssequencingmachinesanytimesoon—the"finishlines”eachhascrossedarelargelyarbitrarypoints,"firstdrafts"ratherthanthedefinitiveversion.Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration.

Theconflictblewup,thisFebruarywhenBritain'sWelcomeTrustanHGPparticipantreleasedaconfidentiallettertoCeteraoutliningtheHGP'scomplaints.Ventercalledthemove“alowlifethingtodo.”Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw.“Theattacksandnastinessarebadforscienceandourinvestors,"VentertoldNewsweekinMarch,“andfightingbackisprobablynothelpful."Atacancermeetingearlierthismonth,VenterandCollinspraisedeachother’sapproaches,andexpressedhopethatallofthescientistsinvolvedinsequencingthehumangenomewouldbeabletosharethecredit.Bylatelastweek,thathopewasbecomingarealityasdetailsforMonday'sjointannouncementwerehammeredout.Scientistsinbothcampswelcomedanendtothehostilities."Ifthisendsthehorserace,sciencewins."Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata.

1.TherecentGenomeWarsweresymbolicof（

）.

2.Thetone-oftheauthorinreportingthejointpressconferencethisMondayis

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat

（

）.

4.Theword"thaw"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thecriticalissuefacingthescientistsisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theenthusiasminscientificresearch

B.thesignificanceofthespacerace

C.thepublicversusprivateconflict

D.theprospectofthecompletionofDNAsequence

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.astonished

B.enthusiastic

C.disappointed"

D.objective

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.the"finishlines"referstocompletionofDNAresearch.

B.formerGenomeWarriorswillneverfightagain.

C.theformerwarriorsarenowcollaborators

D.bothsideswillstillworkonindependently

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aggravationoftension

B.improvementinrelation

C.intensificationinattacks

D.endingofcoordination

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.applythenewly-foundknowledgetothebenefitofmankind

B.endtheirhorseraceforthesuccessofscience

C.getdowntotheirgenomeresearch

D.settheirdifferencesaside

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段最后對周一記者招待會進(jìn)行了報(bào)道。根據(jù)…declarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing)可知作者對該會議的報(bào)道客觀，引用會議雙方的申明。所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段提到盡管共同宣言使得以前的基因勇士們比幾年前更加親密，內(nèi)部人員未來達(dá)成的共識可能更多采取協(xié)調(diào)的形式，而不是直接的合作（Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration）。選項(xiàng)D“雙方會繼續(xù)獨(dú)立工作”與這個說法切合，因此符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第一段一開始提到戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)（blewup），第三句Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw，“but”轉(zhuǎn)折指出第一次有“thaw”的跡象，接著又提到賽來拉公司創(chuàng)始人認(rèn)為對抗不好，可以推斷出雙方關(guān)系得到改善，thaw有“解凍”的意思，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章最后一句提到把矛盾拋諸腦后，或者至少應(yīng)該放在一邊，科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該能夠好好研究這個有趣的問題了，即怎么利用這些數(shù)據(jù)（Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)legal“法律的，合法的”。B選項(xiàng)regulation“規(guī)則，法規(guī)”。C選項(xiàng)limitation“限制，限度”。D選項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)議，同意”。句意：艾倫是個優(yōu)秀的足球運(yùn)動員，從不犯規(guī)。breakregulation譯為“犯規(guī)”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Hewasabrilliantmusicianasaboy,buthenever（

）hisearlypromise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.completed

B.performed

C.concluded

D.fulfilled

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complete“完成，結(jié)束，使完整”；B選項(xiàng)perform“表演，執(zhí)行”；C選項(xiàng)conclude“推斷出，得出結(jié)論，（使）結(jié)束”；D選項(xiàng)fulfill“履行（諾言等），執(zhí)行”。根據(jù)promise（承諾）可知選D。句意：他小時候是一位才華橫溢的音樂家，但他從來沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)過早期的諾言。

8.單選題

Basedonhundredsofface-to-faceinterviewsandsurveyswithstudents,sociologistRobertManningofGeorgetownUniversity（1）boththenumberwithcreditcarddebtandtheirindebtedness

（2）“systematicallyunderreported”inpreviousstudieswhichfailedtoreflectthe“survivalstrategies”manyusedto

（3）

theirdebts.Theseincludedtheuseoffederalstudentloanstopay

（4）

creditcards,effectivelyshiftingthedebt,

（5）

parentsforloans,cuttingbackoncourseworktoincreasetimeatpaidjobsoreven

（6）

altogethertoworkfulltime.“Officialdrop-outratesincludegrowingnumbersofstudentswhoareunabletocopewiththestressoftheirdebtsand/or

（7）

jobsforservicingtheircreditcards,”thestudysaid.

（8）

,debtscanhauntstudents.“Studentcreditcarddebtsareincreasingly

（9）

duringtherecruitmentprocessandmaybeanimportant

（10）

inevaluatingprospectiveemployees.”itnoted.Andthe

（11）

canalsomanifestinfarmore

（12）

ways.”JanneO’Donnell’s20-year-oldson,ajuniorattheUniversityofOklahoma,

（13）

.O’DonnellandManningagreedstudentsshould

（14）

someresponsibilityforrecklessuseofcredit,

（15）

saidcreditcardcompaniesalsohadtobeheld

（16）

formakingitsoeasyforthemtogetintodebt.Manningsaidoneofthemost

（17）

aspectsofthestudentcreditcardissuewas“the

（18）

ofcollegeanduniversityadministratorsbythecreditcardindustry.”Cardissuerswere

（19）

schoolprograms,fundingactivitiesandevenenteringintobusiness（20）

withschoolsinvolvingcollege-branded“affinity”cards,hesaid.“Asaresult,ratherthanprotectingtheeconomicandeducationalinterestsoftheirstudents,collegeadministratorsareplayinganactiveandoftendisingenuousroleinpromotingtheprominenceofcreditcardsincollegiatelife.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indicated

B.informed

C.replied

D.concluded

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hadbeen

B.was

C.been

D.were

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.manage

B.copewith

C.attempt

D.deal

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.with

C.out

D.down

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.needs

B.appliesfor

C.appealsto

D.requests

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.fallingdown

B.droppingout

C.withdrawing

D.retracing

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.parttime

B.occasional

C.bychance

D.portion

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.However

B.Hence

C.Eventually

D.Eventhen

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.scrutinized

B.investigated

C.searched

D.inspired

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.idea

B.factor

C.regiment

D.sector

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.pressure

B.impact

C.force

D.stress

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.tragic

B.sad

C.horrible

D.disastrously

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.mannered

B.committed

C.acted

D.charged

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.carryout

B.tolerate

C.bear

D.undertake

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.whereas

B.yet

C.unless

D.but

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.accountable

B.reasonable

C.reliable

D.responsible

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.breaking

B.disturbing

C.astonishing

D.amazing

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.seduction

B.plague

C.brick

D.indulge

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.organizing

B.helping

C.formatting

D.sponsoring

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.stock-holders

B.partnerships

C.friends

D.coordinators

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:A

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indicate“表明，指出”；B選項(xiàng)inform“通知；報(bào)告”；C選項(xiàng)reply“回答；答復(fù)”；D選項(xiàng)conclude“推斷；斷定；作結(jié)論”。句意：喬治城大學(xué)的社會學(xué)家羅伯特?曼寧對數(shù)百名學(xué)生進(jìn)行了面對面的采訪和調(diào)查，······其信用卡債務(wù)和負(fù)債情況······。前半句說到采訪和調(diào)查，后面提到具體數(shù)據(jù)等，空格處應(yīng)填入“推斷”才符合句意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

（2）考查過去完成時態(tài)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知空格處需要填入的是賓語從句中的謂語動詞或一部分?？崭窈笥袠?biāo)志時間的詞“inpreviousstudies”，社會學(xué)家做調(diào)查已經(jīng)是過去式，因此可知此處應(yīng)表示在過去的過去發(fā)生的事情。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（3）考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)manage“管理；控制；設(shè)法”；B選項(xiàng)copewith“處理，應(yīng)付”；C選項(xiàng)attempt“企圖；嘗試”；D選項(xiàng)deal“對付（常與with搭配）；打交道；買賣”。句意：之前的研究未能反映出許多人用來······債務(wù)的“生存策略”。結(jié)合句意及選項(xiàng)可知“應(yīng)付”符合句意，D選項(xiàng)deal少了with與之搭配，可排除，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

（4）考查詞組辨析?？崭袂坝袆釉~pay，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知此處考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)payoff“付清；取得成功；賄賂；報(bào)復(fù)”；B選項(xiàng)paywith“用······付款”；C選項(xiàng)payout“付出（錢）；報(bào)復(fù)”；D選項(xiàng)paydown“用現(xiàn)金支付；當(dāng)場支付；付頭款”。句意：這些措施包括使用聯(lián)邦學(xué)生貸款······信用卡，有效地轉(zhuǎn)移債務(wù)······。后面提到“effectivelyshiftingthedebt有效轉(zhuǎn)移債務(wù)”，說明信用卡上不應(yīng)再有債務(wù)，因此“貸款”應(yīng)“還清”“信用卡”。A選項(xiàng)正確。

（5）固定搭配?？崭窈笥小皃arents”和“fordebt”，四個選項(xiàng)中，只有C選項(xiàng)appealstosb.forsth.“請求某人做某事”滿足這個搭配且符合文意，此處表示“請求父母償還貸款”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

（6）考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)falldown“跌倒；失敗；倒塌”；B選項(xiàng)dropout“退出；退學(xué)；脫離”；C選項(xiàng)withdraw“撤退；收回；撤銷”；D選項(xiàng)retrace“追溯；折回；重描”。句意：削減課程工作以增加帶薪工作的時間，甚至干脆······轉(zhuǎn)為全職工作。此處設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生債務(wù)，主題依然是學(xué)生，因此學(xué)生要轉(zhuǎn)為全職工作的話，必須“退學(xué)”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

（7）考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)parttime“兼職的”；B選項(xiàng)occasional“偶然的，臨時的”；C選項(xiàng)bychance“偶然，意外地”；D選項(xiàng)portion“部分；一份；分配（動詞含義）”。句意：官方公布的輟學(xué)率包括越來越多的學(xué)生因償還信用卡利息而無法應(yīng)對債務(wù)壓力和/或······工作。結(jié)合上文中所提到，學(xué)生為減輕債務(wù)壓力選擇“paidjobs”，可知此處的job依然是學(xué)生可從事的工作類型，為parttimejob“兼職工作”。A選項(xiàng)正確。

（8）考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)however“無論如何；然而”表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；B選項(xiàng)hence“因此”表因果關(guān)系；C選項(xiàng)eventually“最后；終于”表結(jié)果；D選項(xiàng)eventhen“即使那樣”表讓步關(guān)系?？崭裉幱诙问?，上一段說到學(xué)生債務(wù)及一些解決措施，空格后句意“債務(wù)困擾學(xué)生”，因此此處的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)為讓步“即使那樣，債務(wù)依然困擾學(xué)生”。D選項(xiàng)符合文意。

（9）考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scrutinize“仔細(xì)或徹底檢查”，表示挑剔的眼光及對細(xì)節(jié)的苛求；B選項(xiàng)investigate“調(diào)查；研究”，專注于找出事件真相；C選項(xiàng)search“搜索；搜尋；搜查”；D選項(xiàng)inspire“激發(fā)；鼓舞；啟示”。句意：在招生過程中，越來越······學(xué)生的信用卡債務(wù)。招聘時學(xué)生的債務(wù)信息屬于細(xì)節(jié)問題，而不是“事件的真相”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

（10）考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)idea“想法；概念”；B選項(xiàng)factor“因素；要素”；B選項(xiàng)regiment“團(tuán)；大量的人；統(tǒng)治”；D選項(xiàng)sector“部門；扇形”。句意：這可能是評估未來員工的一個重要······。“信用卡債務(wù)”，是一個能作為來“評估員工”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的“因素”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

（11）考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pressure“（按壓）壓力；壓迫”；B選項(xiàng)impact“影響”；C選項(xiàng)force“力量；武力；軍隊(duì)”；D選項(xiàng)stress“（精神）壓力；強(qiáng)調(diào)；緊張”。句意：而······還可以以更多的方式顯示。本段第一句說到“債務(wù)可能困擾學(xué)生”，第二句列出一種具體困擾情況“招聘過程與信用卡債務(wù)的聯(lián)系”，說明這對學(xué)生來說是一種“精神壓力”了。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

（12）考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)tragic“悲劇的；不幸的”；B選項(xiàng)sad“難過的；悲哀的”；C選項(xiàng)horrible“可怕的；極討厭的”；D選項(xiàng)disastrously“悲慘地”，副詞，先排除。句意：而這種壓力還可以以更多······的方式顯示。后文以具體案例說明方式的性質(zhì)，出現(xiàn)“someresponsibilityforrecklessuseofcredit（承擔(dān)）不計(jì)后果地使用信用卡的責(zé)任”，因此顯然是更加“不幸的”方式來顯示，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

（13）考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)mannered“矯飾的；守規(guī)矩的；矯揉造作的”；B選項(xiàng)commit“犯罪；做錯事；使······承擔(dān)義務(wù)”；C選項(xiàng)act“行動；表現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)charge“控告；索價；指責(zé)”。本句接上一句來，主語是Janne的兒子，他的身份是大學(xué)低年級學(xué)生，空格處詞語為謂語動詞。本文旨在談?wù)搶W(xué)生的信用卡債務(wù)的問題，此處出現(xiàn)了一名學(xué)生，而且下一句，這名學(xué)生的家長也發(fā)表了看法，因此可推測這個學(xué)生也有信用卡債務(wù)的問題，屬于“做錯事”的范疇，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

（14）考查固定搭配?？崭窈笫恰皊omeresponsibilityforrecklessuseofcredit不計(jì)后果地使用信用卡的責(zé)任”，四個選項(xiàng)中bear和undertake可與其搭配，bear表示“（被動）忍受；承擔(dān)”，undertake表示“（主動）承擔(dān)”，學(xué)生“不計(jì)后果地使用信用卡”不是為了主動承擔(dān)責(zé)任，因此C選項(xiàng)bear正確。

（15）考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)whereas“然而；鑒于”表轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?，后接完整句子；B選項(xiàng)yet“但是；然而”表轉(zhuǎn)折，一般位于句末；C選項(xiàng)unless“除非；若非”表?xiàng)l件，后面一般接從句；D選項(xiàng)but“但是；然而”表轉(zhuǎn)折。本句主語是O’Donnell和Mannning，第一個謂語動詞是agreed，空格后出現(xiàn)了第二個謂語動詞said，因此空格處只有D選項(xiàng)but符合語法要求，從意義上看，空格處表示并列意義，即：奧唐奈和曼寧一致認(rèn)為，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該為不顧后果地使用信用卡承擔(dān)部分責(zé)任，但他們表示，信用卡公司也必須承擔(dān)責(zé)任······。

（16）考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)accountable“有責(zé)任的；有解釋義務(wù)的”；B選項(xiàng)reasonable“合理的，公道的；通情達(dá)理的”；C選項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的；可信賴的”；D選項(xiàng)responsible“負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的”。接上題，這里說到的是他們認(rèn)為，信用卡公司也應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)一定責(zé)任，因?yàn)殚_信用卡太容易。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

（17）考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)breaking為動詞break“打破；破壞”的現(xiàn)在分詞；B選項(xiàng)disturbing“令人不安的；煩擾的”；C選項(xiàng)astonishing“驚人的；令人驚訝的”；D選項(xiàng)amazing“令人驚異的”。句意：曼寧說，學(xué)生信用卡問題最······的方面之一是······。具體描述在空格后“collegeadministratorsareplayinganactiveandoftendisingenuousroleinpromotingtheprominenceofcreditcardsincollegiatelife在提升信用卡在大學(xué)生活中的重要性方面，大學(xué)管理者扮演著積極而通常虛偽的角色”，大學(xué)管理者的角色在信用卡債務(wù)方面就顯得“令人不安”了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

（18）考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)seduction“誘惑；魅力”；B選項(xiàng)plague“瘟疫；鼠疫”；C選項(xiàng)brick“磚”；D選項(xiàng)indulge，動詞，表示“滿足；縱容”。接上題分析，大學(xué)管理者在提升信用卡的重要性方面，表現(xiàn)得“積極而虛偽”，是因?yàn)樾庞每ü究蓾M足“fundingactivities資助活動”與“involvingcollege-branded‘a(chǎn)ffinity’cards包括學(xué)院品牌的‘親和力’卡”，因此這對學(xué)校管理者來說也是信用卡企業(yè)給的一種“誘惑”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

（19）考查動詞辨析。空格前是be動詞，后面是名詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知此處應(yīng)填入動名詞形式，與be動詞構(gòu)成謂語動詞部分。A選項(xiàng)organize“組織；使有系統(tǒng)化”；B選項(xiàng)help“幫助”；C選項(xiàng)format“使格式化；規(guī)定······的格式”；D選項(xiàng)sponsor“贊助”。句意：發(fā)卡機(jī)構(gòu)······學(xué)校項(xiàng)目、融資活動甚至。綜合句意與后面的“fundingactivities資助活動”可知D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

（20）考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)stock-holder“股東”；B選項(xiàng)partnership“合伙；合作關(guān)系”；C選項(xiàng)friend“朋友；助手；贊助者”；D選項(xiàng)coordinator“協(xié)調(diào)者；協(xié)調(diào)器”。句意：（發(fā)卡機(jī)構(gòu)）甚至在進(jìn)入學(xué)校商業(yè)······，業(yè)務(wù)包括學(xué)院品牌的“親和力”卡。信用卡與學(xué)院合作才會有“學(xué)院品牌‘親和力’卡”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Inthe1970s,SaudiArabiaandotheroil-richstates

vastsumsofmoneythroughthesaleofoil.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assembled

B.accommodated

C.accumulated

D.appreciated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。assembled“裝配，組合”；accommodated“安排，為……提供住宿”；accumulated“積累”；appreciated“欣賞”。句意：上世紀(jì)70年代，沙特阿拉伯和其他富油國家通過出售石油獲得了巨額財(cái)富。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

Itonlytakesa（）ofasecondforthecomputertodothecalculationwhichahuman

willspenddaystodo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fiction

B.reduction

C.function

D.fraction

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fiction“小說”；reduction“減少，下降”；function“功能”；fraction“小部分”。句意：電腦只需要一會就完成了人類需要幾天才能完成的運(yùn)算。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

W:Goodtoseeyou.Youlookfatterandbetter.

M:Thanks.Ihadalotofexerciseanddrankvegetablejuiceeveryday.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanusedtobeunhealthy

B.Themandoesn’thaveasmuchexerciseasheusedto.

C.Themanatealoteveryday.

D.Themanhasbecomeabetterperson

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)女士的話“你看起來更胖，更好了?！笨芍狣選項(xiàng)‘這個人變得更好了’正確。

12.翻譯題

品德的高尚與美好所達(dá)到的程度可能與對美的感受程度成正比。欣賞美的能力不僅增加了我們快樂的來源，也加強(qiáng)了我們德性的修養(yǎng)。

社區(qū)教育課程建設(shè)是社區(qū)教育發(fā)展的必然產(chǎn)物，科學(xué)適宜的系列教育課程是有效實(shí)施社區(qū)教育的基礎(chǔ)。其課程建設(shè)應(yīng)以滿足社區(qū)發(fā)展需求的多樣化為根本。

禮儀之于社會猶如衣著之于個人。人若不穿衣服，就會一絲不掛，令人恥笑，必然導(dǎo)致道德敗壞。假定社會是一列火車，禮儀就好比軌道，火車只能沿著它隆隆前進(jìn)。假定社會是一輛貴賓車，禮儀就好比輪子與軸，馬車只有靠它們才能滾滾前進(jìn)。

【答案】Thedegreetowhichnobilityandbeautyofcharacterareattainedmaybeindirectproportiontothedegreetowhichbeautyisfelt.Thepowertoappreciatebeautynotonlyincreasesoursourcesofhappiness,butalsoenhancesourmoralcultivation.

Constructionofcommunityeducationcurriculumistheinevitableproductofcommunityeducationdevelopment.Thescientificandproperserieseducationcurriculummaybethebasisofeffectiveimplementingcommunityeducation.Itscurriculumconstructionshouldbebasedonthediversificationneedsofcommunitydevelopmentneeds.

Etiquetteistosocietywhatapparelistotheindividual.Withoutapparelpeoplewouldbenakedandlaughedbyothers,whichwouldcertainlyresultinmoralcorruption.Ifsocietywereatrain,theetiquettewouldbetherailsalongwhichthetraincouldrumbleon.Ifsocietywereastatecar,theetiquettewouldbeitswheelsandaxisonlyonwhichthecarriagecouldrollforward.

13.翻譯題

Feedbackplaysanimportantroleinalmostallelectroniccircuits.Itsstudyisintroducedheretoprovideaviewoftheamplifierasagainelement.

【答案】反饋幾乎在所有電子電路中都有重要的作用。本文介紹了放大器作為增益元件的研究情況。

14.單選題

IthinkofthePhDalittleliketheGrandTour,atraditioninthe16thand17thcenturies[A]whereyouthswouldtravelaroundEurope,gettingarichexposureto[B]highsocietyinFrance,Italy,andGermany,[C]learnaboutart,architecture,language,literature,fencing,riding—alloftheessentialliberalartsthatagentlemanwasexpectedtohaveexperience[D]withtobeaninfluentialmemberofsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.highsociety

C.learnabout

D.withto

【答案】C

【解析】考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。C選項(xiàng)的learnabout是gettingarichexposure的并列成分，形式應(yīng)保持一致。

15.單選題

Thenews,thoughnotwhollybad,wasso______thatIcouldnolongerconcentrateonmywork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbing

B.disastrous

C.anxious

D.regretful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.disturbing令人不安的，煩擾的B.disastrous災(zāi)難性的，損失慘重的

C.anxious焦慮的，擔(dān)憂的D.regretful后悔的，遺憾的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的意思“無法再專心工作”可知，這個news是令人煩擾的，故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思。

【句意】這消息雖然不全是壞消息，但卻使我心煩意亂，無法再專心工作。

16.單選題

Wecanseehowtheproductlifecycleworksbylookingattheintroductionofinstantcoffee.Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas“regular”coffeeandittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance(introductionstage).Atonepoint,though,instantcoffeegrewrapidlyinpopularityandmanybrandswereintroduced(stageofrapidgrowth).Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).Sateswentintoaslightdeclinewhenfreeze-driedcoffeeswereintroduced(stageofdecline).

Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.Thegoalistoextendproductlifesothatsalesandprofitsdonotdecline.Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.Didyouknow,forexample,thatthebackpacksthatsomanystudentscarrytodaywereoriginallydesignedforthemilitary?

Marketmodificationalsomeanssearchingforincreasedusageamongpresentcustomersorgoingforadifferentmarket,suchasseniorcitizens.Amarketermayre-positiontheproducttoappealtonewmarketsections.

Anotherproductextensionstrategyiscalledproductmodification.Itinvolveschangingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrompresentusers.Americanautomanufacturersareusingqualityimprovementasonewaytorecaptureworldmarkets.Note,also,howautomanufacturersoncechangedstylesdramaticallyfromyeartoyeartokeepdemandfromfalling.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenpeoplegrowfondofoneparticularbrandofaproduct,itssaleswill（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

3.Whydomarketersneedtoknowwhichofthefourstagesaproductisin?

4.Theauthormentionstheexampleof“backpacks”(Line4,Para2)toshowtheimportanceof（）.

5.Inordertorecovertheirshareoftheworldmarket,thefollowingmeasuresaretakenbyU.SautomakersEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreasegradually

B.becomeunstable

C.improveenormously

D.remainatthesamelevel

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Atthematuritystage,manybrandsareusuallyintroduced.

B.Newproductsareoftenmoreexpensivethanoldones.

C.Oldproductsareoftensuperiortonewones.

D.Anewproductisnoteasilyacceptedbythepublic.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyneedtoworkoutmarketingpolicies

B.Theywanttoincreaseitspopularity

C.Theyplantoimproveitsproductionprocess

D.Theydesiretospeedupitslifecycle.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.increasingusageamongstudents

B.exploringnewmarketsections

C.pleasingtheyoungaswellastheold

D.servingbothmilitaryandcivilneeds

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.improvingproductquality

B.changingproductstyles

C.re-positioningtheirproducts

D.modifyingproductfeatures

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).”一段時間后，人們對一個品牌產(chǎn)生了依戀，銷售趨于平穩(wěn)(成熟期)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)A應(yīng)該是stageofrapidgrowth，表述錯誤；選項(xiàng)B和C在文中沒有信息提及，無法推導(dǎo)；根據(jù)第二段第二句“Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas“regular”coffeeandittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance.”當(dāng)它初次被引進(jìn)時，大多數(shù)人并不像喜歡“普通”咖啡那樣喜歡它，并且花了幾年時間才獲得普遍接受。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.”產(chǎn)品生命周期對營銷商的重要性在于:產(chǎn)品生命周期的不同階段需要不同的策略。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“backpacks”定位到第二段，分析原文可知，作者以雙肩包舉例是想說明“Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.”其中一種策略叫做市場調(diào)整。這意味著營銷經(jīng)理要尋找新的用戶和市場部門。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Itinvolveschangingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrompresentusers.”它包括改變產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、特性或風(fēng)格，以吸引新用戶或現(xiàn)有用戶的更多使用。只有選項(xiàng)C沒有提及。

17.單選題

LAPDChiefCharlieBeck'stenurehashelpedanswerquestionsthatlingeredaftertheRampartconsentdecreeendedandoutsiderChiefWilliamJ.Brattonsteppeddown:HasL.A.'spolicingculturepermanentlychanged?Orwithoutsiderchiefsandfederalmonitorsgone,willtheLosAngelesPoliceDepartmentreturntoitsbrutal,secretiveandracially-tingedpast?

Adepartmentveteranwho,underBratton'stutelage,becameatruebelieverindata,transparencyandchange,Beckhelpedinstillamoreopen,reform-orientedculture.Hewassuccessfulinpartbecausehe'ssmartandhisheartwasintherightplace,butalsobecauseheisold-schoolLAPD,sonofacop,siblingtoandfatherofcops.Hisembraceofdepartmentalreforminthepost-Ramparterawasastrongsignaltotherank-and-file,tothecity'spoliticalleadersandtocommunitiesthatoftensufferedbrutalpolicingtacticsthatthenewthinkingandnewpracticesweretheretostay.

BeckannouncedFridaythathewouldstepdowninJune,beforetheendofhissecondandfinalfive-yearterm.

Eventhoughheisnotelected,heisasavvypoliticianwhocorrectlyreadwhatthemayor,thePoliceCommissionandthepeopleofLosAngeleswantedfromhimandwhattoanextenthewasabletodeliver:lowcrime,noscandals,littlecontroversy.Hebecameadeptattheregularradiointerviewandthesoundbiteonimmigrationenforcementandcriminaljusticereform.

AtatimeofnationalawakeningandoutrageoverpoliceshootingsofunarmedAfricanAmericanmenandboys,BeckandtheLAPDoftenlookedgoodincomparison,atleastforawhile.

Buttherehavebeentroublingexceptions.JustdaysafterapoliceofficerfatallyshotMichaelBrowninFerguson,Montana.,LAPDofficersshotanother