考研考博-英語-寧夏藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theirsuccessinincreasingthemarketshareresultedfromtheirbreak-throughin（）oftheproductconfiguration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quality

B.stereotype

C.ads

D.maintenance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”；B選項(xiàng)stereotype“老套、成見”；C選項(xiàng)ads“廣告”；D選項(xiàng)maintenance“維持、保養(yǎng)”，句意為：他們之所以能成功地提高市場(chǎng)份額，是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诋a(chǎn)品配置的質(zhì)量上取得了突破。quality“品質(zhì)、質(zhì)量”符合題意，因此選A。

2.單選題

Theparents____thechildtoanurse’scarewhentheywereout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplied

B.prohibited

C.attested

D.committed

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.supplied提供；供應(yīng)B.prohibited禁止

C.attested證實(shí)D.committed（~sbto）送到；委托

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】原句語義為“父母外出的時(shí)候把孩子____保姆照顧?！备鶕?jù)前后語義，父母外出的時(shí)候，無法親自照看孩子，因此把他托付給保姆照顧，符合語義邏輯。因此，D選項(xiàng)committed“（~sbto）送到；委托”符合原句語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】父母外出的時(shí)候把孩子交給保姆照顧。

3.單選題

WhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethat1mightbecomeapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“1wantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.

Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepageofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.

Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuch-publicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofSheafterabuildupofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofofficepoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.

InAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisawell-establishedtrend.Downshifting-alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”-has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanticonsumerism.Thereareanumberofbest-sellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives.Therearenewsletters,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap.Thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-1990sequivalentofdroppingout.

WhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline-afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate-1980s-andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdown-shiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.

Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereurgedtokeepjugglingthroughthe1980sdownshiftinginthemid-1990sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgoodlife-growingyouownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone-asapersonalrecognitionofyoulimitations.

1.Thewriterquitherfull-timejobbecause（）.

2.“Alateralmove”inparagraph1means（）.

3.Thewriter’sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting（）.

4.“Jugglingone’slife”probablymean（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.full-timeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend

B.shewascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveherjob

C.shewasinspiredbythephilosophyof“havingitall”.

D.shewasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.achangeofresponsibilitybutnotposition

B.advocatingthenotionofanti-consumerism

C.achangefromalowerpositiontoahigherone

D.achangefromahigherpositiontoalowerone

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.enableshertorealizeherdream

B.helpshermoldanewphilosophyoflife

C.promptshertoabandonherhighsocialstatus

D.leadshertoacceptthedoctrineofShemagazine.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.takinganon-materialisticlifestyle

B.tryingoutalifewithabitofeverything

C.livingalifewithextremestress

D.advocatingthenotionofanti-consumerism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theeconomicsituation

B.man’sadventurousspirit

C.thequickpaceofmodernlife

D.man’ssearchformythicalexperiences

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“1wantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.一次橫向的人事調(diào)動(dòng)傷害了我的自尊，阻礙了我事業(yè)的發(fā)展，使我不得不拋棄了那份引人注目的工作，盡管表面上我還要像一個(gè)蒙受屈辱的政府部長(zhǎng)的姿態(tài)，通過聲稱想花更多的時(shí)間來陪伴家人來掩蓋我的退出。”可知作者因?yàn)橐淮稳耸抡{(diào)動(dòng)而被迫放棄工作。故B項(xiàng)正確。ACD三項(xiàng)均不是作者離職的原因。

2.詞義題。Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough…lateral表示橫向的，平級(jí)的?？芍@次人事調(diào)動(dòng)是橫向調(diào)整，并沒有說明是升級(jí)或降級(jí)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepageofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.奇怪的是，在兩年半和兩本小說之后，我在美國(guó)人所謂的“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)把我的借口變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。過去七年里，琳達(dá)?凱爾西(LindaKelsey)一直在《女性》(She)雜志上鼓吹“擁有一切”的哲學(xué)，而現(xiàn)在我已從這一哲學(xué)的熱情倡導(dǎo)者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)樂于滿足于任何東西的女人。由此可知放慢生活節(jié)奏的實(shí)驗(yàn)讓作者的生活哲學(xué)由“擁有一切”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤皹酚跐M足任何東西”，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.詞義題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Jugglingone’slife定位到第三段“abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines…”由abandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting可知"jugglingyourlife"與“downshifting”對(duì)立，由第二段可知downshifting為慢節(jié)奏的生活，故jugglingyourlife意為緊張的快節(jié)奏生活。由下文nothingcould…12hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines也可知作者過去所推崇的是快節(jié)奏的生活，如今拋棄了這種生活方式改為了慢節(jié)奏的生活。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。WhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline-afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate-1980s-andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,而在美國(guó)，這一趨勢(shì)一開始是對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的反應(yīng)——那是在20世紀(jì)80年代末裁員造成大量人員冗余之后——現(xiàn)在仍與提倡節(jié)儉的政治主張有關(guān)，據(jù)此可知在美國(guó)慢節(jié)奏生活趨勢(shì)的出現(xiàn)是由于當(dāng)初的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Somepeopleseemto（）onthepressureofworkingunderadeadline.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.render

B.evolve

C.prevail

D.thrive

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。render報(bào)答；歸還；給予；evolve演變，進(jìn)化；prevail盛行，流行；thrive興旺，繁榮，茁壯成長(zhǎng)。句意:有些人似乎在最后期限工作的壓力下。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

I（）youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insist

B.confirm

C.assure

D.ensure

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。sb.confirmthat證實(shí)；assuresb.that...向某人保證；sb.ensurethat...確保某事會(huì)發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

6.單選題

TheoldestlivingthingsonEartharetrees.SomeofCalifornia’ssequoiashaveforfourthousandyearslookeddownonthechangesinthelandscapeandthecomingsandgoingsofhumans.TheysproutedfromtinyseedsaboutthetimetheEgyptianpyramidswerebeingbuilt.Todaythesegiantpatriarchsseemasremoteandinaccessibleastherocksandmountaincliffsonwhichtheygrow,likecathedralcolumnsholdingupthesky.Itishardtoimaginethemplayinganypartinthelivesofmerehumansorbeinginanywayaffectedbythecreaturesthatpassattheirfeet.

Lessertrees,however,haveplayedanintimateroleinthelivesofpeoplesincetheyfirstappearedonEarth.Treesfedthefiresthatwarmedhumans:theyprovidedshelter,foodandmedicineandevenclothing.Theyalsoshapedpeople’sspiritualhorizons.Treesexpressedthegrandeurandmysteryoflife,astheymovedthroughthecycleofseasons,fromlifetodeathandbacktolifeagain.Treeswerethelargestlivingthingsaroundhumansandtheyknewthatsometreeshadbeenstandingonthesamespotintheirparents’andgrandparents’time,andwouldcontinuetostandlongaftertheyweregone.Nowonderthesetreesbecamesymbolsofstrength,fruitfulness,andeverlastinglife.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawayinwhichpeoplehaveusedtrees?

3.Theunderlinedphrase“giantpatriarchs”inparagraph1couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?

4.Theunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referstowhichofthefollowing?

5.Theauthorimpliesthat,comparedwithsequoias,othertreeshave________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Treesgrowtogreatheights.

B.Treeshavebeenimportanttopeoplethroughouthistory.

C.Treesmakehumansseemsuperior.

D.TreesthatgrowinCaliforniaareveryold.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Forfurniture.

B.Forfuel.

C.Forhousing.

D.Fornourishment.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tinyseeds

B.importantleaders

C.toweringtrees

D.Egyptianpyramids

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Trees

B.Grandeurandmystery

C.Seasons

D.People’sspiritualhorizons

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.beeninexistencelonger

B.adaptedmorereadilytotheirenvironments

C.beenaffectedmorebyanimals

D.hadacloserrelationshipwithpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章講了樹木在歷史的發(fā)展，點(diǎn)出樹木對(duì)人的作用，所以B選項(xiàng)“縱觀歷史，樹木對(duì)人類很重要”正確。A選項(xiàng)“樹長(zhǎng)得很高”和D選項(xiàng)“生長(zhǎng)在加州的樹很古老”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文。C選項(xiàng)“樹讓人看起來更優(yōu)越”文中沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Treesfedthefiresthatwarmedhumans:theyprovidedshelter,foodandmedicineandevenclothing.（樹木為人類提供了溫暖的爐火：它們提供了住所、食物、藥品甚至衣服。），所以這里提到了B選項(xiàng)“作為燃料”，C選項(xiàng)“建房子”和D選項(xiàng)“吸收其營(yíng)養(yǎng)”，沒有提到A選項(xiàng)“做成家具”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第三、四句TheysproutedfromtinyseedsaboutthetimetheEgyptianpyramidswerebeingbuilt.Todaythesegiantpatriarchsseemasremoteandinaccessibleastherocksandmountaincliffsonwhichtheygrow,likecathedralcolumnsholdingupthesky.（大約在建造埃及金字塔的時(shí)候，它們從微小的種子中發(fā)芽。今天，這些巨大的創(chuàng)始者就像它們生長(zhǎng)的巖石和懸崖一樣遙遠(yuǎn)和難以接近，就像支撐天空的大教堂柱子。），可知這些“巨大的家長(zhǎng)”生長(zhǎng)在巖石和懸崖上，就像大教堂柱子一樣高，所以C選項(xiàng)“高聳的樹木”正確，A選項(xiàng)“小小的種子”和D選項(xiàng)“埃及金字塔”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“重要的領(lǐng)袖”文中沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第四句Treesexpressedthegrandeurandmysteryoflife,astheymovedthroughthecycleofseasons,fromlifetodeathandbacktolifeagain.（樹木表現(xiàn)了生命的宏偉和神秘，因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)诩竟?jié)的循環(huán)中移動(dòng)，從生到死，再回到生命。），可知“它們”指的是A選項(xiàng)“樹木”，B選項(xiàng)“宏偉和神秘”和C選項(xiàng)“四季”錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“人們的精神視野”：根據(jù)第二段第三句Theyalsoshapedpeople’sspiritualhorizons.（它們還塑造了人們的精神視野。），這里的“它們”也指樹木，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第一、二句Todaythesegiantpatriarchsseemasremoteandinaccessibleastherocksandmountaincliffsonwhichtheygrow…Itishardtoimaginethemplayinganypartinthelivesofmerehumansorbeinginanywayaffectedbythecreaturesthatpassattheirfeet.（今天，這些巨大的創(chuàng)始者就像它們生長(zhǎng)的巖石和懸崖一樣遙遠(yuǎn)和難以接近……很難想象他們會(huì)在人類的生活中扮演任何角色，或者受到他們腳下的生物的任何影響。），可知相比于紅杉樹，其他樹木更貼近人類生活，所以D選項(xiàng)“與人有更密切的關(guān)系”正確。A選項(xiàng)“存在更久”，B選項(xiàng)“更容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境”和C選項(xiàng)“更容易受到動(dòng)物的影響”文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor'soffice?TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline"virtualvisits"betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon'thavetoskipworktoattendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions."Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigchunkoftime,"saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectoratCadenceDesignSystems,oneoftheparticipatingcompanies.

Doctorsaren'tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue.“Wearenotstupid,"saysStiflingSomers,executivedirectoroftheSiliconValleyemployersgroup."Doctorsgettingpaidisacriticalpieceingettingthistowork."Inthepilotprogram,physicianswillget$20peronlineconsultation,aboutwhattheygetforasimpleofficevisit.

Doctorsalsofearthey'llbeswampedbyramblingE-mailsthattelleverythingbutwhat'sneededtomakeadiagnosis.SothenewprogramwillusetechnologysuppliedbyHealinx,anAlameda,Calif.-basedstart-up.Healinx's"SmartSymptomWizard"questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage.Thecompanyhasonlinedialoguesfor60commonconditions.Thedoctorcanthendiagnosetheproblemandoutlineatreatmentplan,whichcouldincludeE-mailingaprescriptionoraface-to-facevisit.

CanE-mailreplacethedoctor'soffice?Manyconditions,suchaspersistentcough,requirestethoscopetodiscoverwhat'swrongandtoavoidamalpracticesuit.EvenLarryBonham,headofoneofthedoctor'sgroupsinthepilot,believesthevirtualdoctor'svisitsoffera“verynarrow"sliverofservicebetweenphonecallstoanadvicenurseandavisittotheclinic.

Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice.Sofar,theInternet'srecordinthehealthfieldhasbeenunderwhelming.Theexperimentis"ahugerollofthediceforHealing",notesMichaelBarrett,ananalystatInternetconsultingfirmForesterResearch.Ifthe"Webvisits"succeed,someHMOs(HealthMaintenanceOrganizations)areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown.

1.TheSiliconValleyemployerspromotetheE-healthprogramforthepurposeof（）.

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheon-linedoctors'visits?

3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,doctorsare（）.

4."SmartSymptomWizard"iscapableof（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefutureofonlinevisitswillmostlydependonwhether（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rewardingtheiremployees

B.gratifyingthelocalhospitals

C.boostingworkerproductivity

D.testingasophisticatedtechnology

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareaquitepromisingbusiness.

B.Theyarefundedbythelocalgovernment.

C.Theyarewelcomedbyallthepatients.

D.Theyareverymuchunderexperimentation.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reluctanttoserveonlinefornothing

B.notinterestedinWebconsultation

C.tootiredtotalktothepatientonline

D.contentwith$20paidperWebvisit

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.makingdiagnoses

B.producingprescriptions

C.profilingpatients'illness

D.offeringatreatmentplan

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theemployerswouldremainconfidentinthem

B.theycouldeffectivelyreplaceofficevisits

C.HMOswouldcoverthecostoftheservice

D.newtechnologieswouldbeavailabletoimprovetheE-healthproject

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。最后一段指出了目的:Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice(為期九個(gè)月的這次的試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，也希望去確定網(wǎng)上問診是否將提高員工的生產(chǎn)率足夠到抵消服務(wù)成本)。因此C項(xiàng)“提高工作效率”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。第一段第二句指出:TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”(作為資深技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)的硅谷雇主論壇推出了一個(gè)試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目來測(cè)試虛擬訪問（即網(wǎng)上問診）)。由此可知D選項(xiàng)“它們還在實(shí)驗(yàn)當(dāng)中”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:醫(yī)生不愿意在網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)服務(wù)。B:對(duì)網(wǎng)上咨詢不感興趣。C:太累而不能與病人在網(wǎng)上聊天。D:對(duì)一次網(wǎng)上問診20美元的價(jià)格滿意。第二段第一句及第二句指出:Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue(醫(yī)生們并沒有叫嚷著要免費(fèi)和病人在線聊天，盡管他們?cè)陔娫捝匣艘恍o償?shù)臅r(shí)間。據(jù)研究公司網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)話（CyberDialogue）稱，只有五分之一的人曾給病人發(fā)過電子郵件，只有9%的人對(duì)此感興趣)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)正確，B項(xiàng)不正確。C項(xiàng)跟D項(xiàng)并未被文章提及，故排除。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Healinx’s“SmartSymptomWizard”questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage(Healinx的“智能癥狀向?qū)А毕蚧颊咛釂?，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)潔的信息)。因此C選項(xiàng)“扼要描述病人的病情”正確。而其余三項(xiàng)均是醫(yī)生的工作。因此本題選C。

第5題:判斷推理題。A:雇主將仍對(duì)它們有信心。B:它們能有效替代醫(yī)院?jiǎn)栐\。C:健康維護(hù)組織會(huì)承擔(dān)服務(wù)費(fèi)用。D:改善網(wǎng)絡(luò)健康工程的新技術(shù)將存在。最后一段指出:Ifthe“Webvisits”succeed,someHMOs（HealthMaintenanceOrganizations）areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown(如果“網(wǎng)上問診”成功，一些健康維護(hù)組織（HMO）將為在線訪問付費(fèi)。如果醫(yī)生、雇主和病人都不滿意，那就再找一家電子健康初創(chuàng)公司)。由此可知D項(xiàng)正確，A項(xiàng)過于片面。而B項(xiàng)屬于過度推理，C項(xiàng)只是結(jié)果，并不是條件。因此本題選D。

8.單選題

Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher（）attitudetowardcustomers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.straightforward

B.partial

C.favorable

D.hostile

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。straightforward坦率的，明確的；partial偏愛的；favorable喜愛的；hostile敵對(duì)的，不友善的。句意：因?yàn)榕N售員對(duì)顧客的態(tài)度不友善，經(jīng)理投去了責(zé)備的目光。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

9.單選題

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad（

）threemonthsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。constrain意為“強(qiáng)迫”；abolish意為“廢除，廢止”；amend意為“改良，修改”；expire意為“(因到期而)失效，到期”。

句意：Leonardo剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)他的護(hù)照已經(jīng)過期三個(gè)月了。

10.單選題

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourbagthatcouldhelpmeremembermylockercombination?”heasked.“Ilostthescrapofpaperitwaswrittenon.IhavescienceclassintwominutesandifI’mlateonthefirstdayit’llmakemelookbadfortherestoftheyear.”Kennylookedgenuinelyworried.

“Relax”,Justinsaid,takinghisbackpackoffandunzippingthetop.“Rememberhowyouborrowedmynotebookinhomeroomtowritethecombinationdown?Well.Iknowhowwecanrecoverwhatyouwrote.”

Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag.ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook.Justinheldthepencilonitssideandrubbeditlightlyovertheindentations.Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite,setoffbythegraypencilrubbings.

“That’samazing!”Kennysaid.“Ioweyouone.”Andhedashedofftoopenhislocker.

1.WhyisJustin’sroomsuchamess?

2.Theword“pleaded”inParagraph1canbestbereplaceby

（

）.

3.InwhatwayisJustin’sbackpackasmallerversionofhisbedroom?

4.HowdoesJustinhelphisfriends?

5.HowcomeJustincouldhelpKennyrecoverhislockercombination?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Healwaysforgetstoclean.

B.Heneverthrowsanythingaway.

C.Hehasnotimetoclean.

D.Hesharesaroomwithhisbrother.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ignored

B.asked

C.pushed

D.begged

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heusesitasaplacetostoreobjects.

B.Heusesittocarryhisbooksandsportsequipment.

C.Hisparentstellhimtocleanitallthetime.

D.He’shadforaslongashecanremember.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heoffersthemadvices.

B.Heloansthemhisbackpack.

C.Helistenstotheirproblem.

D.Heusedtheobjectsinhisbackpack.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.JustinrememberedKenny’slockercombination.

B.KennyhadleftthescrapofpaperinJustin’sbackpack.

C.KennyhadleftindentationsofthecombinationonJustin’snotebook.

D.Justinfoundthescrapofpaperthelockercombinationwaswrittenon.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。問：為什么Justin的房間很亂，定位到文章第一段第二句Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullof…（他的座右銘是“永遠(yuǎn)不要扔掉任何東西，你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它什么時(shí)候會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)”。他的臥室里滿是……）可知原因是B“他從不扔掉任何東西”。A項(xiàng)“他總是忘記打掃”，C項(xiàng)“沒有時(shí)間打掃”，D項(xiàng)“他和他弟弟共享一個(gè)房間”，文中均未體現(xiàn)。

2.語義推測(cè)題。plead“懇求，乞求”；只有D項(xiàng)“懇求，乞求”與之意思相同，此外根據(jù)文章第一段所講內(nèi)容，可以知道他的父母是懇求他清理房間，所以此處的pleaded可以用begged代替。A項(xiàng)“忽視”；B項(xiàng)“詢問；請(qǐng)求”；C項(xiàng)“推”均不符合。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問題：Justin的背包以何種方式被看作是房間的縮小版。定位到文章第三段第二句Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.（他喜歡把它想象成臥室的縮小版——一個(gè)存放他收集的許多物品的地方）可知答案為A“他把它當(dāng)作存放物品的地方”。B項(xiàng)“他用它來裝書和運(yùn)動(dòng)器材”，文章未提及；C項(xiàng)“他父母叫他一直打掃”和D項(xiàng)“從他記事起他就一直帶著這個(gè)”，均不符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。問題：Justin是怎樣幫助他的朋友的。定位到文章第七段第一句“Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag…”（他從包里拿出筆記本和一支軟鉛筆……）可知他是用他包里的一些東西來幫助他的朋友，因此D“他用了包里的東西”為正確答案。A項(xiàng)“他給了建議”和B項(xiàng)“他把他的包借給了他們”，文中并未提及；C項(xiàng)“他傾聽了他們的問題”，文中他不僅僅傾聽了他們的問題，而且用行動(dòng)幫助了他們，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后三句ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook…Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite…（Kenny寫的那一頁在筆記本的另一頁上留下了模糊的凹痕……儲(chǔ)物柜組合的數(shù)字慢慢地但肯定地以白色出現(xiàn)）可知答案為C“肯尼在賈斯汀的筆記本上留下了這個(gè)組合的凹痕”。A項(xiàng)“賈斯汀記得肯尼的儲(chǔ)物柜密碼組合”，B項(xiàng)“肯尼把紙片留在了賈斯汀的背包里”，D項(xiàng)“賈斯汀找到了寫著儲(chǔ)物柜密碼的紙片”，均不符合文意。

11.單選題

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccineand,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate（）.

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”，現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)把人類送上了月球，并破譯了人類基因組。緊接著第二句出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，說到涉及培養(yǎng)流感病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗時(shí)，科學(xué)家們居然還在使用可食用雞蛋。全文主要講述的是“雞蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”，因此此處提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的發(fā)達(dá)科技為下文論述做鋪墊，因此B選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗研究進(jìn)展滯后”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。文章第二段介紹了本題說到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine傳統(tǒng)的流感疫苗生產(chǎn)過程。A選項(xiàng)“制造商將疫苗植入訂購的雞蛋中”錯(cuò)在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商；B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家在流感大流行開始后不久就確定了確切的毒株”在文中未提及確定毒株的速度；C選項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生措施是抗擊疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及；D選項(xiàng)“在投入疫苗使用之前，病毒被殺死并凈化”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”，雞蛋內(nèi)部的病毒被殺死，經(jīng)過處理去除雞蛋蛋白和其他污染物，然后包裝成小瓶，準(zhǔn)備秋季裝運(yùn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。