人教版高一英語必修三Unit4全套課件

Lead-inThebackgroundpictureisthewholecosmos[?k?zm?s]/universe(宇宙).Whatdoyouknowaboutit?Lead-inThebackgroundpicture1It’stheGalaxy(銀河系).It’stheGalaxy(銀河系).2They’replanets(行星)andstars(恒星).They’replanets(行星)andstars(3It’stheblackhole.It’stheblackhole.4It’sthesolarsystem.Canyouenumerate[??nju:m?re?t](列舉)theplanets?，It’sthesolarsystem.，5HistoryoftheUniverseHistoryoftheUniverse6Unit4Astronomy:theScienceoftheStarsUnit4Astronomy:7ScienceSubjectsPhysicsChemistryBiologyGeologyMathematicsMedicineBiochemistryGeophysicsAstronomyWarmingupScienceSubjectsPhysicsMed8HawkingandhistheoriesHawkingandhistheories9CanyounametheminEnglish?CanyounametheminEnglish?10Mercury[?m?:kj?ri]

Venus['vi?n?s]EarthMarsJupiter[?d?u:p?t?(r)]

Saturn[?s?t?:n]

Uranus[?j??r?n?s]Neptune[?neptju:n]Pluto

?plu:t?u]TheSunTheSolarSystemMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiter[?11ABlackHoleABlackHole12TheMoonTheMoon13TheBigBangTheBigBang14AtomAtom15TheGlobe——OurEarthTheGlobe——OurEarth16Atmosphere(大氣層)Atmosphere(大氣層)17Reading1.FastReading,andanalyzeitsstructure.Writedownthemainideaforeachparagraph.Reading1.FastReading,anda18Answerkeyforquestion1:Paragraph1:Awidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniverse.Paragraph2:Theformationofwaterforlife.Paragraph3:Theimportanceofwaterforlife.Paragraph4:Thedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearth.Paragraph5:Thearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearth.Answerkeyforquestion1:Para193.DetailedReading:Readthetextloudlyforasecondtimeandthencompletethefillsinthefollowingpicturesaccordingtotheevolution(進(jìn)化，演變)orderoflifeontheearth.123456783.DetailedReading:1234567820Answerkeyforquestion3:smallplantsinwatershellfishandallsortsoffishgreenplantsonlandinsects(onland)amphibians(onlandandinwater)forestsreptiles(onland)dinosaurs(onland)mammals(onland)Answerkeyforquestion3:sma21Explanation天文學(xué)

n.Astronomyisthescientificstudyofthestars,planets,andothernaturalobjectsinspace.1.astronomy相關(guān)短語radarastronomy

雷達(dá)天文學(xué)

radioastronomy

電波(無線電)天文學(xué)Explanation天文學(xué)n.1.astronom222.star(1)名詞

(pl.stars)1）星,恒星;(日、月等)天體;星形物;

2）星號(hào);(表示等級(jí)等的)星級(jí);星形勛章,如：WhileinTaipeishestayedatafourstarhotel.

她在臺(tái)北逗留期間住在一家四星級(jí)旅館。

3）命運(yùn);星象

4）(電影、體育等的)明星,杰出人物

Hiswishtobecomeafootballstarhascometrue.他想當(dāng)足球明星的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。2.star(1)名詞(pl.stars)23(2)動(dòng)詞（及物）

(starred;starred;starring)1）用星形物裝飾2）用星號(hào)標(biāo)出

3）使成明星,由主演YesterdaywesawafilmstarringCharlieChaplin.昨天我們看了一部查理·卓別林主演的電影。3.動(dòng)詞（不及物）

(starred;starred;starring)1）當(dāng)明星,主演。如：Shehasstarredinsomethirtyfilms.她主演過大約30部影片。star(2)動(dòng)詞（及物）(starred;starred;242）表現(xiàn)出色

。如：Hedidn'tstaratthatjob.

那份工作他干得并不出色。(4)形容詞

1）星的;星形的2）明星的,主角的3）出色的,優(yōu)秀的。如：Tonyisthestarplayeronourteam.托尼是我隊(duì)的主力。starstar253.globe（1）名詞

(pl.globes)1)球;球狀物

2)地球儀;地球。如：Thisplantcangrowinmanypartsoftheglobe.

這種植物能在地球上的許多地方生長。

3)眼球

（2）動(dòng)詞（不及物）

(globed;globed;globing)

成球狀

（3）動(dòng)詞（及物）

(globed;globed;globing)

使成球狀3.globe（1）名詞(pl.globes)26Thenareyouclearnowabouttheevolutionoflife?Thenareyouclearnow27Whenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe,theearthwassoviolent.Whenthedustsettledintoas284.6billionyearsago3billionyearsago540millionyearsago250millionyearsago65millionyearsagoTheEvolutionofLifeontheearth

[?i:v??lu:?n]

[?p?l????z???k]

[?mes??'z???k]

[?si:n??z?uik]

4.6billionyearsago3billion29人教版高一英語必修三Unit4全套課件30ShellfishShellfish31AmphibianAmphibian32Reptile——DinosaurReptile——Dinosaur33人教版高一英語必修三Unit4全套課件34Primitive(原始的)PeoplePrimitive(原始的)35LanguagePoints1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain<untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsago>(whenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe).betodo的用法(1)betodo...用于第一人稱疑問句中，表示征求對方意見。如：AmItogoonwiththework？要我繼續(xù)這項(xiàng)工作嗎？Whatarewetodonext？我們下一步該怎么辦？

(2)表示按約定、計(jì)劃，或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這是將來時(shí)的一種用法。如：Theyaretopayavisittotheteachertogetherat10a．m.tomorrow.他們約定明天上午10點(diǎn)一起去看這位老師。bebeLanguagePoints1.Whatitwas36Wearetomeetatthestationatfourthisafternoon.我們今天下午4點(diǎn)在車站見面。

(3)表示必須或應(yīng)該，在意義上等于must，should，oughtto或haveto。如：Youaretofinishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.你們必須在今天下午五點(diǎn)以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Thismedicineistobetakenthreetimesaday.這種藥一天要服三次。

(4)用來表示注定要發(fā)生或不可避免要發(fā)生的事。如：Histheorywastochangetheviewsontheuniverse.Wearetomeetatthestation37LanguagePoints1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere.loud,aloud,loudly這三個(gè)副詞詞義很接近，但含義有所不同。aloud的意思是“出聲地、高聲地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)能讓人聽得見。如：Readaloudsothatwecanallhearyou.讀大點(diǎn)聲，以便我們大家都能聽見你。Theyareshoutingaloud.他們在大聲感叫。

LanguagePoints1.Itexploded38loud意思是“大聲地、高聲地、響亮地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音響亮。常與動(dòng)詞speak,talk,say,laugh等連用。如：Don’ttalksoloud.講話聲音不要這么大。Factsspeaklouderthanwords.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。loudly的意思是“高聲地”，有時(shí)可與loud通用，但含有“喧鬧”的意味。如：Someoneknockedloudlyatthedoor.有人在大聲敲門。Don’ttalksoloudly/loud.說話聲音不要這么大。在現(xiàn)代英語中有時(shí)在并不喧鬧的場合也用loudly.如：Willyoupleasereadthetextloudly?你能不能大聲讀這篇課文？

loud意思是“大聲地、高聲地、響亮地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音響亮。常39explode1)（使某物）炸開，爆炸。如：Thefireworkexplodedinhishandandhewashurtseriously.explode402)（指感情）激發(fā)。如：

Iwasfrightenedwhensheexplodedintoloudlaughter.

3)（指人口）突然或迅速增加。如：Nowitisnoteasytofindjobswiththeexplodingpopulation.explosion

n.

爆炸（聲）

explosive

adj.

爆炸性的，易爆炸的n.

炸藥，爆炸物intime

(forsth./todosth.):

最終；及時(shí)，如Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她會(huì)及時(shí)趕回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。2)（指感情）激發(fā)。如：413.Whatmanysciencebelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolvegasesandacidswhichareharmfultotheplantsintotheoceansandseas.allow

v.允許、許可、容許allow+n./pron./doingallowsb.todosth.beallowedtodosth.3.Whatmanysciencebelievei422.continuous連續(xù)不斷的（強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作沒有間斷過）

continual反復(fù)的，頻繁的（強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作在某個(gè)時(shí)期反復(fù)出現(xiàn)）

continued和continuing可以互換，都表示“連續(xù)不斷的”“繼續(xù)不變的”，但是它們只能用于名詞前。

總的來說，其差異正逐漸消失，特別是continual亦含有continuous相同的意義，尤指不愉快的事：Lifewasacontinualstruggleforthem.生活對他們來說是不斷的掙扎。

2.continuous連續(xù)不斷的（強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作沒有間斷過43Present1presencen.出席，到場，存在

形容詞a.

1.出席的,在場的

Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?

到會(huì)的有多少人?

2.現(xiàn)在的,當(dāng)前的

I'mnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.

我對目前的情況一點(diǎn)都不滿意。Present1presenc44名詞n.

1.現(xiàn)在,目前

Thereisnotimelikethepresent.

機(jī)不可失,時(shí)不再來。

present2

名詞n.

1.禮物,贈(zèng)品[C]

Heoftengavehisneighbor'skidslittlepresents.

他常常送些小禮物給鄰居的孩子。名詞n.

1.現(xiàn)在,目前

Thereisnoti45Present3presentationn.授予，頒發(fā)，呈現(xiàn)

及物動(dòng)詞vt.

1.贈(zèng)送,呈獻(xiàn)[(+to/with)]

Theypresentedhimwithabunchofflowers.

他們獻(xiàn)給他一束鮮花。

2.引起(問題),造成(困難)[(+to/with)]

Allthispresentednewsafetyproblems.

所有這些都造成了新的安全問題。Present3presentationn463.提出,提交,呈遞[(+to)]

Some300paperswerepresentedattheconference.

會(huì)上提出了大約三百篇論文。

4.呈現(xiàn);描述;出示[(+to)]

Hehadtopresentasmilingfacethoughheavy-hearted.

雖然憂心忡忡,但他還得露出一副笑容。3.提出,提交,呈遞[(+to)]

Some300pap47Myfatherdoesn’tallowsmokingathome.Infacthedoesn’tallowustosmokeanywhereatanytime.

父親不允許在家里吸煙。實(shí)際上，他不允許我們在任何地方任何時(shí)候吸煙。Areweallowedtousethecomputer?我們可以用電腦么？beharmfulto對……有害

doharmtosb.=dosb.harm傷害某人，對某人有害處1)Pollutionisespeciallyharmfultoanimals.2)Smokingwilldoyoualotofharm.

Myfatherdoesn’tallowsmokin484.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.It’sgenerallybelievedthat…一般認(rèn)為……generallyspeaking一般而言，概括來說1)It’sgenerallybelievedthatgirlsworkharderthanboysdo.2)Generallyspeaking,womencrymoreeasilythanmen.bydoing用于說明做某事的手段、方式。如：Idon’tthinkshecanhelphimbyjustgivinghimmoney.我認(rèn)為她光靠給錢是幫不了他的。4.Theyproducedyounggeneral495.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichprevents

heatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.1)Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.2)Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.Ifnothingprevents,…

如果沒有什么阻礙的話,……5.Theyareputtingtoomuchc506.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.dependon:

相信，信賴,依靠,依賴,視……而定，取決于Dependonit.沒問題，請放心（句末或句首）

That/It(all)depends.那得看情況而定.1)Dependonit,you’llsucceed.2)Hemaysupportme,butitdepends.6.Whetherlifewillcontinue51賓語從句可以分為三類

(1).動(dòng)詞的賓語從句

1.1大多數(shù)位于動(dòng)詞后面

Eg：Ihopeyoucanjoinusinthegame.

1.2有些是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”后

Findout/pointout/figureout/turnout/figureout

Eg：Canyoufigureoutwhatthepoetreallymeansinthispoem?

1.3有些動(dòng)詞短語后面Makesure/makeupone’smind/keepinmind

Eg;weshouldkeepinmindthatsportscanbeagreatboosttoourhealth.

賓語從句可以分為三類52(2)it作形式賓語代替賓語從句第一類動(dòng)詞;find/feel/think/consider/make/believe/guess/suppose/assume等后面有賓語不足語時(shí)，需要用it作形式賓語而將that引導(dǎo)的真正的賓語從句后置。

Eg：Ithinkitnecessarythatwedosomesporting.

第二類動(dòng)詞帶賓語從句時(shí)需要在從句前面加it。

這類詞：hate/like/dislike/appreciate/dependon/seeto/

Eg:Ihateitwhentheytalkwithoutconsideringother’sfeeling.(2)it作形式賓語代替賓語從句537.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.cheerup

歡呼；喝彩；感到高興；使高興。如：Thecrowdcheeredupwhentheysawtheteamsarrive.觀眾看到運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)進(jìn)場時(shí)歡聲雷動(dòng)。Hetookhertotheconcerttocheerherup.為使她高興起來，他帶她去聽音樂會(huì)。Astronomer[??str?n?m?(r)]astronaut[??str?n?:t]

7.Icheeredupimmediatelyan54watch…do/doing

觀看；注視。如：Wewatchedthesunsettingbehindthetrees.Eveningfell.我們看著太陽一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地落在樹后，夜幕降臨了。Everydayastheywatchedtheplantgrow,theirheartswerefilledwithhope.他們每天都在觀察這棵植物生長，心里充滿了希望。Weigh1.表示“稱……的重量”,是及物動(dòng)詞,如：Heweighedthefish.他稱了這條魚.Doyouoftenweighyourself?你經(jīng)常稱體重嗎?2.表示“重(多少)”,是不及物動(dòng)詞Heweighs60kilos.他體重60公斤.Themeatweighsfivepounds.這肉重五磅.watch…do/doing觀看；注視。如：Wei552.比較byweight/inweight：前者表示“按重量”,后者表示“重量上”.如：Dotheychargecarriagebyweight?他們是按重量收取運(yùn)費(fèi)嗎?It’ssmallerinsizebutgreaterinweight.它體積比較小,但分量比較重.3.對重量提問,特殊疑問詞用Howmuch……?orHowheavy……?Whatistheweightof...Howmuchitweighs?What=howmuchdoyouweigh?Whatistheweightofthebaby?2.比較byweight/inweight：前者表56倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式共：四種

1.表示“幾倍大小（長短；數(shù)量）”,由“倍數(shù)+thesize（length,amount……）”結(jié)構(gòu)組成.

例如：

Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthemoon.地球是月亮的49倍大.2.表示“……比……大幾倍”,由“倍數(shù)+形容詞（副詞）比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)組成.

例如：

Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個(gè)盒子比那個(gè)盒子大三倍.

Thegrainoutputis8percenthigherthisyearthanthatoflastyear.今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式共：四種

1.表示“幾倍大小（長短；數(shù)量）”,573.表示“……是……倍”,由“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as+”結(jié)構(gòu)組成.

例如：

Ourfactoryistwiceasbigastheirs.我們的工廠是他們的三倍.

Ihavethreetimesasmanyasyou.我有你三倍那么多.

[注]一倍用once,兩倍用twice.4、還可以用by+倍數(shù),表示增加多少倍.

Theproductionofgrainhasbeenincreasedbyfourtimesthisyear.今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了4倍.3.表示“……是……倍”,由“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as589.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.

此處的amazed是過去分詞作狀語。過去分詞經(jīng)?？梢宰鳡钫Z，這是一種特定用法。如：Hecameinunnoticed.他神不知鬼不覺地走了進(jìn)來。Manyheroeslieburiedinthechurchyard.許多英雄埋葬在教堂的墓地里。

breakout

（戰(zhàn)爭，爭吵，疾病等）爆發(fā)。如：Aquarrelbrokeoutsuddenlyatmidnight.半夜，（他們）突然大吵起來。9.Wewatched,amazedasfire598.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”Nowthat:既然，由于。如：Nowthateverybodyishere,wecanbeginthemeeting.8.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkin6010.thePaleozoicera:古生代，是地質(zhì)時(shí)代的第三個(gè)代（第一、第二代分別是太古代和元古代）。約5.44億年前至2.48億年前.theMesozoicera:中生代，包括：三疊紀(jì)、侏羅紀(jì)、白堊紀(jì)。

theCenozoicera:新生代，約開始于6500萬年前，現(xiàn)仍在持續(xù)。11.BigBang:宇宙大爆炸理論10.thePaleozoicera:古生代，是地質(zhì)61LearningaboutLanguage1.Wordsastronomy,atmosphere,system,violent,solid,explode,carbon,dioxide,oxygen,surface,planet,harmful,development,spread,method,depend,exist,presence,telescope,disappoint,disappointed,publish,publishing,gravity,force,gradually,cheer,float,massLearningaboutLanguage1.Wor62Usethecorrectprefixorsuffixforeachword.Writeoutthenewwordandexplainthedifferencebetweenthetwo.presentviolentconfidentdifferentpatientpresenceviolenceconfidencedifferencepatiencecertainfairpaidlikekinduncertainunfairunpaidunlikeunkind-(en)ceun-Usethecorrectprefixorsuff63cultureglobeuniverseagriculturemathematicsculturalglobaluniversalagricultralmathematicalartphysicschemistrybiologyscienceartistphsicistchemistbiologistscientist-al-istcultureglobeuniverseagricultur642.Expressionssolarsystem,intime,nowthat,prevent...from,dependon,cheerup,getthehangof,breakout,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,watchout,blockout2.Expressionssolarsystem,in65Completeeachofthesentenceswithasuitablewordorphraseinthecorrectform.surface,explode,develop,prevent,float,spread,violent,astronomy,force,publish,disappoint,solid

1.The_____ofgravitymakesthingsfalltotheearth.2.Therobberskickedthedoor_________andbrokeintothestar'shouse.3.Nothingcanseparatethetwo,becausetheyhavea________friendshipfoundation.4.InWorldWarII,twoatomicbombs_________inJapan,killingalargenumberofpeople.5.Withthe____________ofourcountry’seconomy,people'slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyraised.forceviolentlysolidexplodeddevelopmentCompleteeachofthesentences666.Morethan70%oftheearth’s________iscoveredbywater.7.Inthelastfewyearsthecityhas_______outrapidlyinalldirections.8.Thathefailedtheexamination____________hisloververymuch.9.They_________thecanoeoutintothemiddleoftheriver.10.MarkTwain________alotofpopularnovelsinthat_________firm.spreaddisappointedfloatedsurfacepublishedpublishing6.Morethan70%oftheearth’671.他以前是靠畫畫為生的。

Heusedto_______________hisliving_____________________.2.爆竹在他手里爆炸了，他傷得很嚴(yán)重。Thefirework____________________________andhehurtseriously.3.鄉(xiāng)村生活與都市生活是非常不同的。

Countrylifeis__________________________citylife.4.瑪麗之所以沒有通過這次考試，是因?yàn)樗饲安×藘蓚€(gè)星期。

Mary___________intheexam,_________________shehadbeenillfortwoweeks.Completethefollowingsentences.1.他以前是靠畫畫為生的。Completethefoll685.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是１９３９年爆發(fā)的。

WorldWarII___________________in1939.6.我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她。

Iworry______________________Ihurtherfeelings.7.為使她高興起來，她丈夫帶她去聽音樂會(huì)。

Herhusbandtookhertotheconcert_______________________.8.他們乘坐宇宙飛船穿越太空到月球上去。

They__________________________tothemooninaspaceship.9.天上有朵朵白云。

Therewere________________________whitecloudsinthesky.5.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是１９３９年爆發(fā)的。691.Heusedtomake/earnhislivingbypainting.2.Thefireworkexplodedinhishandandhehurtseriously.3.Countrylifeisquitedifferentfromcitylife.4.Maryfailedintheexam.Thiswasbecauseshehadbeenillfortwoweeks.5.WorldWarIIbrokeoutin1939.6.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.7.Herhusbandtookhertotheconcerttocheerherup.8.Theytraveledthroughspacetothemooninaspaceship.9.Thereweremassesofwhitecloudsinthesky.AnswerKey:1.Heusedtomake/earnhisli703.Grammar——NounClausesasthesubject

做主語用的名詞性從句，因其在復(fù)合句中做主語，又稱主語從句(NounClausesasthesubject)，引導(dǎo)主語從句的有從屬連詞that、whether，連接代詞who、what、which，連接副詞when、where、how、why等。1.連接詞：1）從屬連詞：that，whether等.that引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，本身無實(shí)際意義，在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不能省略。Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.Thathewillcomeiscertain.3.Grammar做主語用的名詞性從句，因71

由whether及其他連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首，句后都可。

Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.Itdoesn’tmattertoomuchwhethershe’scomingornot.2)連接代詞who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoeverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.3)連接副詞when，where，how，why等。Whyhediditremainsamystery.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.由whether及其他連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在722.位置：主語從句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末，常用下面幾種句型。

1）It+be+表語

+主語從句表語：（名詞，形容詞，過去分詞）Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.ItisanhonourthatIwasinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItistruethatItoldhereverything.ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearthsatelliteintoorbit.2.位置：主語從句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主語，732）It+不及物動(dòng)詞或短語+主語從句Itseemed(happened,doesn’tmatter,hasturnedout)that…Ithappensthattheywereabsent.ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.3）It+及物動(dòng)詞（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）+主語從句IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.注意:

主語從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語，而把2）It+不及物動(dòng)詞或短語+主語從句74主語從句放在句末時(shí)，從屬連詞that可以省略。誤：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.4)如果主語從句放在句首，不能用if引導(dǎo)，但是如果用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時(shí)，也可以用if引導(dǎo).誤：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful正：ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.主語從句放在句末時(shí)，從屬連詞that可以省略。751.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether

2.____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where

3._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who

語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)Choosethebestoption.1.____youdon'tlikehimisn764._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That

5.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This

6.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What

7._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether

4._______we'llfinishtranslat778._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody9.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does10.It________Bobdrivesbadly.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat11.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how8._______makesmistakesmustc7812.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which13.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what14.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether15..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where12.________theboydidn'ttak79輕松一刻ReportaboutAlien輕松一刻ReportaboutAlien80UsingLanguageListentothetapeandanswerthequestions2onpage30.1.ListeningUsingLanguageListentotheta81IsaacNewtonInpairsdiscussthethreescientistsandtheirideasongravity.AlbertEinsteinStephenHawkingIsaacNewtonInpairsdiscusst82IsaacNewton（1643—1727）wasthegreatestEnglishmathematicianofhisgeneration.Helaidthefoundationfordifferentialandintegralcalculus.Hisworkonopticsandgravitationmakehimoneofthegreatestscientiststheworldhasknown.IsaacNewton（1643—172783Albert

Einstein(1879

–1955)wasatheoreticalphysicist.Heisbestknownforhistheoriesofspecialrelativityandgeneralrelativity.Einsteinreceivedthe1921NobelPrizeinPhysics"forhisservicestoTheoreticalPhysics,andespeciallyforhisdiscoveryofthelawofthephotoelectriceffect.".Albert

Einstein(1879

–84StephenHawking（1942—）

isaBritishtheoreticalphysicist.Heisknownforhiscontributionstothefieldsofcosmologyandquantumgravity,especiallyinthecontextofblackholes.StephenHawking（1942—）85IsaacNewtonAlbertEinsteinStephenHawkingIdeaLargebodieshaveaforcewhichpullthingstowardsthem.Inspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend;thelargertheobject,thefurtherspaceandtimebends.Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthem.DevelopmentThebiggertheobjectthestrongerthegravity.Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity.Ifyouovertheedge,youcannotgetout;butifyoudonot,youmayabletoescape.IsaacNewtonAlbertEinsteinSte862.Reading,SpeakingReadthepassageandimaginewhatyouneedifyoutraveltothemoon.Don’tforgettousetheexpressionsasfollows:2.Reading,Speaking87表指示（instructions)Pleasepayattentionto…Pleasecheckthat…Pleaselookat…Makesurethat…Don’tforgetto…Watchoutfor…Youneed…You’dbetter…Youmust/mustn’t…表指示（instructions)Pleasepayat883.WritingThenwriteashortarticleexplainingoneoftheproblemsthatyoumighthaveonthemoon.Setoutwhatyoushoulddotoovercomethisdifficultyandhaveahappyvisit.3.WritingThenwritea89SummingUp重點(diǎn)單詞：system,theory,violent,unlike,harmful,exist,puzzle,pull,nowthat重點(diǎn)短語：intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,prevent…from,cheerup,,breakout,watchoutSummingUp重點(diǎn)單詞：system,theor90功能

指示（instructions）語法：

theusageofNounClausesasthesubject話題：

Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity功能語法：話題：91高考鏈接

1.TheOlympicGames,________in776 B.C,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplaying B.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayed D.tobefirstplaying

解析：TheOlympicgames與play是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除A和D；不定式的被動(dòng)式，表示未來的動(dòng)作，排除B。C高考鏈接1.TheOlympicGames,_922.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?(02北京卷)—Thekey________theproblemistomeetthedemand________bythecustomers.A.tosolving,making

B.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,making D.tosolve,made

解析：keyto(…的關(guān)鍵)中to是介詞，應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞，排除C和D；又因名詞demand與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系(madedemands提出要求)，另有by這一標(biāo)志詞暗示，用過去分詞作定語。

B2.—Howdoyoudealwiththed933.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,________as3M.A.knowing B.knownC.beingknown D.tobeknown

解析：因?yàn)閠he…company與know是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞短語作定語，knownas3M=whichwasknownas3M。B3.LindaworkedfortheMinnes94Exercises

A.ClozetestCarol’shusbandwaskilledinacaraccidentlastyear.Jim,only52,was1homefromwork.Theotherdriverwasateenagerwhohad2alot.Jimdiedatonce.Theteenagerwasinthe3forlessthanthreehours.ItwasCarol’sfiftiethbirthday,andJimhadtwoplaneticketstoHawaiiinhispocket.Hewasgoingto

4her.However,hewaskilledbyadrunkendriver.“Howhaveyou

5this?”IaskedCarol,ayearlater.ExercisesA.ClozetestCarol95

6

welledup(涌出)inhereyes.IthoughtIhadsaidthe7thing,butshesaid,“It’sallright.Iwantto8you.ThedayImarriedJim,IpromisedIwouldneverlethimleavethehouseinthemorning9tellinghimIlovedhim.Hemadethesame

10.Itgottobeajokebetweenus,andaswegrewolderitgottobea(n)

11

promisetokeep.“Irememberrunningdownthedriveway,saying‘Iloveyou’justbeforehedroveoutofmy

12,ordrivingallthewaytohisofficejusttoputa(n)

13saying‘Iloveyou’onhiscar.Itwasafunny14.“Wemadealotof

15tryingtosay‘Iloveyou’beforenooneverydayofourmarriedlife.6welledup(涌出)inherey96“ThemorningJim16,heleftabirthdaycardinthekitchenandthenleft17.Iheardtheenginestarting.Oh,no,Ithought.I

18

outquicklyandknockedonthecarwindow

19herolleditdown.“HereonmyfiftiethbirthdayI,CarolGarret,wantyou,MrJamesE.Garretto20

that‘Iloveyou!’“That’showI’vesurvived,knowingthatthelastwordsIsaidtoJimwere,‘Iloveyou!’”1.A.walkingB.arrivingC.drivingD.riding2.A.drunkB.eatenC.talkedD.done3.A.schoolB.hospitalC.officeD.prison4.A.surpriseB.interestC.disappointD.frighten5.A.learnedB.survivedC.existedD.explained“ThemorningJim16,he976.A.ExcitementB.HappinessC.JoysD.Tears7.A.sad B.extraC.wrongD.violent8.A.tell B.dependC.cheerD.believe9.A.with B.besides C.after D.without10.A.idea B.choice C.promiseD.mistake11.A.hardB.easy C.silly D.harmful12.A.reachB.sight C.house D.office13.A.announcement B.noteC.advertisement D.picture14.A.gameB.activity C.challengeD.test15.A.methodsB.storiesC.memoriesD.troubles16.A.married B.worked C.returnedD.died17.A.graduallyB.quietly C.angrilyD.gently18.A.criedB.ran C.watched D.looked19.A.but B.when C.though D.until20.A.say B.prove