外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練習(xí)19：選擇性必修1 Unit 1　Laugh out loud！(含解析)

課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(十九)選擇性必修第一冊Unit1Laughoutloud!A組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語法填空AHunterAdamsspentmanyyearsinaspecialhospitalforpeoplewithmentalhealthproblems,andhewasunhappy.Whenhelefthospital,hewenttoMedicalSchoolinVirginia,theUSA,wherehedidthingsina1.________(difference)way.Forexample,whenhevisitedhispatients,heworeshirtswith2.________(flower)ontheminanefforttomakethemlaugh.Hespentalotoftimewithchildreninthehospital,puttingaspecialrednoseonhisfacetolook3.________aclown(小丑)．Adamsbelievedthatpeopleinhospitalneedmorethanmedicine,trying4.________(help)themnotonlyaspatients,5.________alsoaspeople.Whenhefinishedmedicalschool,heopenedhisownhospitalcalled“TheGesundheitInstitute”.Hewanted6.________tobeaplacewithaspecialwayof7.________(communicate)withsickpeople.In1998,UniversalPictures8.________(produce)afilmaboutHunterAdams.Itwasverysuccessful.Inthefilm,RobinWilliamsplayedAdams.Williamssaid,“Hunterisa9.________(true)warmperson,believingthatpatientsneedadoctor10.【語篇解讀】當(dāng)亨特·亞當(dāng)斯還是醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)生的時(shí)候，他就決心為治療精神病而獻(xiàn)身。他決定從病人的感情和精神上著手治療，他試圖了解每一個(gè)病人的內(nèi)心，有時(shí)還扮出種種滑稽相使病人放松。1.different考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞，表示“不同的”，故填different。2.flowers考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。flower為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，指不止一朵鮮花，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填flowers。3.like考查固定搭配。looklike為固定搭配，意為“看起來像”，故填like。4.tohelp考查固定搭配。trytodosth.為固定搭配，意為“盡力做某事”，故填tohelp。5.but考查固定句式。notonly...butalso...為固定句式，意為“不但……而且……”，故填but。6.it考查代詞。設(shè)空處指代TheGesundheitInstitute，為同一物，故填municating考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填duced考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“In1998”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞過去式，故填produced。9.truly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞warm，應(yīng)用副詞，故填truly。10.who/that考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為adoctor，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故填who/that。BClassicalChinesegardendesignaimstocreateanaturallandscapeonasmallscaleandemphasisetheperfectharmonybetweenmanandnature.AChinesegarden1.________(be)likeascroll(卷軸)painting,2.________(show)aseriesofcarefullycomposedscenes.Newviewsarerevealedasonewalksalongthepathways.Inthegardens,3.________mostfrequentlymeettheeyearewindingpathsthatseeminglyleadtonowhere.There,apathseemstoend,butallof4.________sudden,anewworldisrolledoutbeforeyou：pavilions(亭子),rockformationsandspringwater—allcombinedtoprovideapleasantsurprise!Atthe5.________(enter)toaChinesegarden,thereisusuallyahugestoneorwall6.________(use)toscreenyourviewsoastolaterproduceunimaginabledelightwhenyouturnaroundthewall.AChinesegardenmayhavewindowsonall7.________(it)fourwalls.Anditis8.________(interest)that,throughthewindows，visitorsmayseedifferentviewsfromdifferentangles,andthusthecompositionofthegardenbecomesenlarged.AChinesegardenisaplacewherecultureisbothcreatedandenjoyed.Allplantsmarktheshiftof9.________(season).Similarly,water,asymboloftheever-changing,10.________rocks,asymboloftheeternal(永恒的),createaharmoniousbalanceofnature'syinandyang.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。中國古典園林設(shè)計(jì)的目的是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)小規(guī)模的自然景觀，強(qiáng)調(diào)人與自然的完美和諧。1.is考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句的主語為AChinesegarden，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，又因?yàn)檎恼虏捎靡话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。2.showing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。show和句子的謂語動(dòng)詞之間沒有連詞連接，且和句子的主語AChinesegarden構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。3.what考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在主語從句中作主語，表示物的概念，故應(yīng)填what。4.a考查固定用法。allofasudden相當(dāng)于suddenly，意為“突然”，為固定用法，故用不定冠詞a。5.entrance/entry考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由空前的定冠詞the可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，表示“入口”，故用entrance/entry。6.used考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。use和句子的謂語is之間沒有連詞連接，故用非謂語，又因跟其邏輯主語ahugestoneorwall之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。7.its考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此處作定語，修飾名詞walls，故用形容詞性物主代詞eresting考查形容詞。此處是固定句型：itis＋形容詞＋that...，it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。故此處應(yīng)用interest的形容詞形式interesting。9.seasons考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。season是可數(shù)名詞，且其前沒有限定詞，表示泛指，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.and考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后為邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，故用連詞and。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.我昨晚花了20分鐘寫這篇作文。(spend)Ispenttwentyminuteswritingthecompositionlastnight.2.很明顯，我們需要更多的實(shí)踐。(Itis＋adj.＋that...)Itisobvious/clearthatweneedmorepractice.3.當(dāng)他心情不好時(shí)，他喜歡獨(dú)自坐著。(ina/an...mood)Whenheisinabadmood,helikestositalone.4.我們過去就是常常在這家餐館聚餐的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Itwasinthisrestaurantthatweusedtohaveaparty.5.他們將于今天下午去拜訪他們的老師。(betodosth.)Theyaretopayavisittotheirteacherthisafternoon.B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAculture'svaluescanbemirroredbyitshumour.HumourhasbeenevaluatedbymanygreatmindssuchasThomasHobbes,who,in“OnNature”，dislikedhumour,“Laughterisnothingelsebutsuddengloryarisingfromsuddenthoughtoffeelingfarbetterthanothers.”Hethoughthumourtobeanegativequalityofhumannarrow-mindedness.However,MordechaiGordon,PhDofEducation,insists,“Humourallowsustoviewtheworldfromananglethatisamusingratherthanserious.”IagreewithGordon.Learningtolookattheworldthroughhumourisimportant.IntheUnitedStates,everyfouryearsanelectionoccurs.Withouthumourasawaytoexpresstheirfeelings,howelsewouldAmericanskeepfromclawingtheireyesoutandgoingthewayoflemming?TelevisionshowslikeTheDailyShowhavebecomeimportantpartsofAmericanculture.Theyaremotheringthemassesbymetaphorically(隱喻地)airplaningpoliticsintoourmouths.Theymakepoliticsfun.Ofcourse,politicsisonlyonetypeofhumour.Socialhumourhelpspeoplethroughthetwistsandturnsofthehumancondition.Americanpopculturepromotesanunhealthyself-image.Onthetopicofself-image,HariKondabolustandsout.Hehasajokeaboutthepopularmusicalgroup“ThePussycatDolls”，describingtheirhitsongDon'tChaasanegativerepresentationofwomen.HepointsoutanobviousoffenceinAmericanculture.AstudyfromLoyolaUniversityofMarylandhasshownthathumourisonedeterminingfactorforselectingamatingpartner.Amongotherthings,mateslookforanoutstandingfunnyboneinapotentialpartner.Ofcourse,humourisnotalwaysusedforgoodpurposes.Humourcanbelinkedtovulgarity(粗俗)andracism,but,likeeverythingelse,ithaspotentialtounitehumanbeingsbyallowingustolaughatourselves,ourfailuresandourconnectionwithoneanother.Thoughlifemayseemtoughanddepressingattimes,allIhavetodoistolookinthemirroratmyincreasedwrinkles(皺紋)toknowthatthereisacomedyouttherethatevenChaplinwasn'tawareof.Withthatinmind,remembertolaughwithhumanityandsometimesathumanity.1.Hobbesbelievedthathumour________．A.wasonlyawaytolaughatotherstomakeoneselffeelbetterB.resultedinnarrow-mindednessofhumanbeingsC.hadthepowertomirrorpersonalgloryandnationalvaluesD.wasforpeopletoviewtheworldfromanotherangle2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspoliticalhumour?A.Worried.B.Disappointed.C.Curious.D.Appreciative.3.Thefourthparagraphisdevelopedmainlyby________．A.exampleB.processC.comparisonD.classification4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Chaplinwasn'tawareofbeinglaughedat.B.Theauthorfeelshelplessandsadaboutgettingolder.C.Neverbetheonewholaughsatotherpeople.D.Theauthorisdeterminedtofacelifewithasenseofhumour.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論證了幽默感對(duì)我們?nèi)松闹匾裕ㄕ紊?、社交上以及生活上等。另外，幽默感也是我們尋找伴侶的重要指標(biāo)，無論生活多艱難，我們都要用幽默相待。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“...ThomasHobbes,who,in‘OnNature’，dislikedhumour,‘Laughterisnothingelsebutsuddengloryarisingfromsuddenthoughtoffeelingfarbetterthanothers.’”可知，Hobbes認(rèn)為幽默只是讓自己比別人感覺良好的一種方式。故選A。2.D觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者對(duì)政治性幽默的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選D。3.A推理判斷題。本段首先提出主題“Socialhumourhelpspeoplethroughthetwistsandturnsofthehumancondition.Americanpopculturepromotesanunhealthyself-image.”然后用HariKondabolu的例子說明這一主題。故選A。4.D推理判斷題。最后兩段主要講述了作者決心用幽默和微笑去面對(duì)生活中的不如意。故選D。BTheideathatyoucanusehumour,laughter,andplaytomakeyouhealthierprobablyseemstoosimpletobetrue.However,itisreallytrueandsimple.Thesenseofhumour,laughterandplayplaysanimportantpartinkeepingyouhealthy.Treattheblueswithasenseofhumour,whichiscloselytiedtolaughter.Laughterisinfectious.Haveyoueverheardabiglaughofayoungchildandbeenabletokeepyourselffromsmiling?Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness.Smilingisthebeginningoflaughterandasmileisalsojustasinfectiousaslaughteris.Youcanexperiencesomethingbysmilingateveryonearoundyou,andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile,evenwithastranger.Playisanimportantpartofmakingsurethatwestayhealthy.Weareoftenencouragedtomakesureourchildrenplay,andaretoldofthebenefitsofbeingoutplaying.However,whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness.Whilethestudiesarestillintheearlystages,thestudiesthathavebeendonehaveshownthatphysicalplaycertainlyplaysapartinpreventingcognitive(認(rèn)知的)falling.Anyway,addinghumour,laughter,andplaytoourlifewillinfluenceusmentally,physicallyandsociallyandbringusmanyadvantages.Soweshouldmakefulluseofhumour,laughterandplaytomakeourlifemoreactive,moreinterestingandhappier.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infectious”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Playinganimportantrole.B.Keepingpeopleinhighspirits.C.Quicklyinfluencingotherpeople.D.Preventingillnessfromspreading.6.Whatcanlaughterincreaseaccordingtotheauthor?A.Cognitiveability.B.Goodrelationships.C.Asenseofhumour.D.Happinessandtrust.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinktheoldshoulddo?A.Theyshouldhaveagoodrest.B.Theyshouldplaylikechildren.C.Theyshouldpreventcognitivefalling.D.Theyshouldtakepartinphysicalplay.8.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Humour,LaughterandPlayforHealthB.AlwaysKeepOurBodyHealthyC.HaveanActiveandHappyLifeD.LetOurBodyandMindRelax【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幽默、歡笑和玩耍給人們的健康帶來的好處。5.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness.”可知，當(dāng)人們分享笑容時(shí)，人們的關(guān)系更親密，人們也會(huì)感到更加快樂。故infectious在此處的意思是“迅速影響其他人”。6.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness...andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile,evenwithastranger.”可知，在作者看來歡笑能使人們之間的關(guān)系更親密。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness.”可知，作者認(rèn)為老年人應(yīng)該參與身體活動(dòng)。8.A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章的主旨是幽默、歡笑和玩耍有利于健康。Ⅱ.完形填空Onceafineblacksmith(鐵匠)namedWalukagawasbroughttotheking.Severalservantsappearedwithsomeiron.“Youmustchangethismetalintoaman，”saidtheking.“Notjusta1，butalivingmanwhocanwalkandtalk.”Everyoneknewifanyonefailedto2anorder,hewouldbeputtodeath.SopoorWalukagasatwithhisheadinhishandsallday,wonderinghowtodealwithhis3.Manypeoplemadesuggestions,butnonewould4atall.Oneevening,walkingthrougha5area,hediscoveredaboyhoodfriendwhohadbecomemadandlivedalone.Walukagahadnothingelsetodo,sohedecidedtohumourhisoldfriendandtelltheking's6tohim.Tohissurprise,thefellowlistenedtotheendwithout7.“Iknowwhattodo，”saidthemadmanimmediately.“Tellthekingthattomaketheman,youmusthaveonehundredpotsoftearsofhispeople,8onlytearsmaykeepyourfire9attherighttemperature.”O(jiān)nhearingsuchgoodadvice,theblacksmith10totheking'spalace.Afterheexplainedwhathemusthavethekingwasquite11.Buttryasthepeoplemight,itwasimpossibleto12enoughtears.Finallythekingsaid,“Youhaveaskedsomethingimpossible.Mypeoplecanneverfillonehundredwaterpotswithtears.Itherefore13youfromyourtask.”Theneveryonerealisedhow14Walukagahadgottenoutofhisfix.Butheneverforgotitwashisfriend'sadvicethathadsavedhim,andhesawtoitthatthemadmanneverwent15totheendofhisdays.1.A.picture B.statue C.fancy D.doll2.A.putup B.workout C.giveup D.carryout3.A.dilemma B.routine C.terror D.trial4.A.respond B.serve C.survive D.do5.A.frozen B.contented C.deserted D.preserved6.A.information B.message C.demand D.offer7.A.inte