高考英語話題復(fù)習(xí)一輪主題訓(xùn)練（二十三）人與環(huán)境人與動植物Word版含解析

主題訓(xùn)練（二十三）人與環(huán)境、人與動植物

大閱讀一提升閱讀速度,內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律（滿分70分，限時55分鐘）【.閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）AStatementfromScholasticonFantasticBeastsandWheretoFindThemInthefirstprintingofthenewlyupdatedF^ntoZzcBeas^szznJW/z^ArtoFzn6/TTz^mbroughtoutbyScholastic,threesentencesfromtheoriginalsectiononHippogriffswereaccidentallyleftoff.Weregretthiserrorandwewanttopromiseourreadersthatthoseeditionsarenolongerbeingshippedandacorrectededitionisnowinprintandbeingshippedforallcurrentorders.Wewantthe//^r/7P<7rterfanswhoeagerlysecuredtheircopiesontheinitialprintingtobefullysatisfiedwiththeirpurchase.Therefore,anybookwiththemissingsentencescanbeexchangedforthenewerversionbyreturningthebooktoScholastic.Toexchangeyourcopyforthecorrectededition,pleasecallthecustomerservicedepartmentat877-226-l064,MondaythroughFriday,7amthrough6pmCentralTimetoreceiveaprepaidmailinglabel（標(biāo)簽）toreturnyourcopy.Wewillsendyouthecorrectededitionuponreceiptofthecopywiththemissingsentences.Wetakeprideintheentiretyofthebookswepublish,andwehavecorrectedthiserrorasquicklyaspossibleinawaythatwilladdressourreaders^oncernsmosteffectively.Weaskforourcustomers^nderstandingandsupportasweimprovethesituation.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。學(xué)樂出版社就最新出版的《神奇動物在哪里》一書中的錯誤發(fā)表了聲明。.WhatdoesScholasticdo?A.Awriter.B.Apublisher.C.Amagazine.D.Abookstore.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的關(guān)鍵詞printing,book,publish等可以得知，Scholastic是一家出版社。故選B。.Whatcanbelearntabouttheexchange?A?Itcanbeanold-for-newservice.B-Itismadeatcustomersfexpense.C?ItistargetedatH^r^P^Zterbuyers.D?Thecallforexchangecanbemadeeveryday.A.anxiousB.excitedC.stillD.curious解析：選C根據(jù)該句的內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合下文中的“unmoving”可推知，在這只花栗鼠靠近作者之前，作者放下它喜歡的食物，彎下腰，保持靜止不動的狀態(tài)，以防嚇走花栗鼠。C項意為“靜止的”，故C項正確。A項意為“焦慮的”；B項意為“興奮的”；D項意為“好奇的”。A.inpublicB.inplaceC.inreturnD.inturn解析：選B根據(jù)語境以及該句中的“unmoving”可知，作者將張開的雙手保持在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢蒙?，一動不動，這樣這只花栗鼠就知道作者不會去抓(grab)它。B項意為“在正確位置”，故B項正確。A項意為“公開地”，C項意為“作為回報”，D項意為“依次”，都與語境不符。A.grabB.removeC.biteD.throw解析：選A參見上題解析。A項意為“抓住”，故A項正確。B項意為“移開”；C項意為“咬”；D項意為“扔”。A.InitiallyB.UnusuallyC.ObviouslyD.Finally解析：選D根據(jù)上文“Icontinueddoingthisforafewweeks",并結(jié)合該句“l(fā)ateinthatsecondsummer,Chipdidshowmoretrust”可知，最后，這只花栗鼠更加信任作者了。D項意為“最后，終于“，故D項正確。A項意為“最初”；B項意為“特別地”；C項意為“顯狀”O(jiān)A.foundB.plantedC.offeredD.produced解析：選C一天，作者用指尖提供給它一粒種子時，它向作者靠近了。C項意為“提供”，故C項正確。A項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B項意為“種植”;D項意為“生產(chǎn)”。A.cautiouslyB.aggressivelyC.comfortablyD.confidently解析：選A根據(jù)語境以及下文“Itneverbitmyfingers”可知，花栗鼠謹(jǐn)慎地把種子放進(jìn)嘴里。A項意為“謹(jǐn)慎地”，故A項正確。B項意為“挑釁地”；C項意為“安逸地”；D項意為“自信地”。A.promiseB.breakthroughC.introductionD.experience解析：選B根據(jù)上文可知，花栗鼠開始從作者的手中取食，而且沒有咬作者；結(jié)合該句可推知，作者和花栗鼠之間的信任取得了突破。B項意為“突破”，故B項正確。A項意為“承諾”；C項意為“介紹”；D項意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”。A.educations.discoveryC.routineD.resolution解析：選C根據(jù)上文可知，花栗鼠開始從作者的手中取食，作者和花栗鼠之間的信任取得了突破；結(jié)合該句可推知，這種日常的行為進(jìn)行了兩個月之后，作者能更進(jìn)一步(接近它)了。C項意為“常規(guī)”，符合語境。A項意為“教育”，B項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，D項意為“決議”，都與語境不符。A.knockedB.brushedC.rockedD.touched解析：選D根據(jù)該句“Withmyindexfinger,Iitsbackoncegently”可知，作者用食指輕輕地觸摸它的后背。D項意為“觸摸”，故D項正確。A項意為“敲，擊”，B項意為“刷”，C項意為“搖擺”，都與語境不符。A.runawayB.rushoutC.giveawayD.turnup解析：選A根據(jù)上文可知，花栗鼠開始信任作者了；結(jié)合該句'TmnotevensureChipfeltit,butitdidnft"可推知，作者用食指觸摸它時，它沒有跑開。A項意為“逃跑”，故A項正確。B項意為“趕制”；C項意為“泄露”；D項意為“偶然出現(xiàn)”。A.HoweverB.AgainC.SoD.Therefore解析：選B根據(jù)上文可知，作者觸摸花栗鼠的后背時，它并沒有逃跑，接著作者用兩個手指慢慢地輕撫它；結(jié)合該句中的“Chipstayedcalm,eatingseeds”可知，花栗鼠再次保持鎮(zhèn)靜。B項意為“再一次”，故B項正確。A項意為“然而”；C項意為“因此”；D項意為“所以”。A.admireB.supportC.petD.lift解析：選C根據(jù)上文可知，作者和花栗鼠之間建立了信任，作者用手指撫摸它，它沒有跑開；結(jié)合該句可知，如今，作者一叫它的名字，這只花栗鼠就從躲藏的地方跑出來，讓作者撫摸它柔軟絲滑的身體。C項意為“撫摸”，故C項正確。A項意為“贊賞”，B項意為“支持”，D項意為“舉起”，都與語境不符。A.walkedB.adoptedC.abandonedD.lost解析：選B根據(jù)語境可知，一位朋友曾經(jīng)說過，在她收養(yǎng)了一只狗之后，她的血壓趨于正常(normal)了。B項意為“收養(yǎng)”，故B項正確。A項意為“散步”；C項意為“放棄”；D項意為“丟失”。A.safetyB.originalC.logicD.normal解析：選D參見上題解析。D項意為“正?！?，故D項正確。A項意為“安全”；B項意為“原件”；C項意為“邏輯”。A.calmerB.fasterC.quieterD.easier解析：選A根據(jù)上文中的“calmer”，并結(jié)合該句“IthinkI,too,feelfrommyinteractionswithChip”可推知，在同這只花栗鼠的交流過程中，作者也感到更加平靜了。A.sympathyB.motivationC.mercyD.respect解析：選D作者也更加尊重自然和它的生物，并發(fā)展機(jī)會觀察、保護(hù)和拯救野生動物。D項意為“尊重”，故D項正確。A項意為“同情”；B項意為“動機(jī)”；C項意為“恩惠”。A.capacityB.contributionC.memoryD.comfort解析：選A根據(jù)上文可知，作者通過給花栗鼠喂食取得了它的信任；結(jié)合該句可知，最重要的是，作者驚訝于花栗鼠對自己信任的能力。A項意為“能力”，故A項正確。B項意為“貢獻(xiàn)”；C項意為“記憶”；D項意為“慰藉物”。精表達(dá)——夯實(shí)語言基礎(chǔ)?提升表達(dá)能力I.單詞拼寫Thefishwillbehelpfulinstudyingtheevolution（進(jìn)化）ofanimals..Besides,toomuchhuntingalsocausesthedisappearanceofcertainspecies（物種）.AlaskanEskimosbelievethateverylivingcreature（生物）possessesaspirit.Don'tforgettobringachemicaltokeepinsects（昆蟲）away..Bamboo（竹子）isatalltropicalplantwithhollowstems..It^wrongforpeopletohuntanimalsfortheirmeatandfeather（習(xí)習(xí)毛），fortheyareourfriends.Inmyopinion,peoplegettheirgenes（基因）fromtheirparents.Thegrasslandisanimportanthabitat（棲息地）formanywildflowers..JohnwastravelingbyshiptoEuropewhenaterriblestorm（暴風(fēng)雨）came.Ibelievethatlwillfinallyseeawonderfulrainbow（彩虹）aftertherainydays!n.單句語法填空.Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbagcontaining（contain）hispassport,IDcardandalotofmoney..Cloned（clone）animalshaveashorterlifecomparedwiththeoriginalanimals..Weappreciateparticipating(participate)inthisactivity,whichhashelpedtobuildanemotionalconnectionbetweentheoldandtheyoung..Headmittedthemistakeandpromisedtomakeupfortheloss(lose)..Modernlifestyleandmodemwaysofproductionalsocausenoisepollution(pollute)..Havinglostenginepower,theboat^crewfoundthemselvesatthemercyofthewind..Alawhasbeenpassedtoprotectendangeredwildlifefromdying(die)out..Ifnotdealtwithproperly(proper),wastebatterieswillseriouslypollutetheundergroundwater..Thearticlediscussesthesurvival(survive)abilityofwildlifeduringwinter..Therearemoreandmoreendangered(endanger)animalsatpresent,sohowtoprotectthemhasbeenourtaskoftoppriority.HI.完成句子It'stimewetookmeasurestoprotecttherivcrfrombeirgpoHuted.是我們采取措施防止這條河流污染的時候了。Thenumberofplantsandanimalsontheeailhisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.地球上的植物和動物的數(shù)量正變得越來越少。.Airandwatejarebeingpollutedsothatthoenvironmentinwhichanimalsliveisdastroyed.空氣和水正受到污染，以至于動物生存的環(huán)境被破壞。IwonderifLlawswillbemadetopunishthosewhoinjureorevenkinanimalsmoreseverely.我想知道是否能制定一些法律來嚴(yán)懲那些傷害甚至殺死動物的人。.Elephantswouldbeindangerofdyingoutifmenwereallowedtoshootasmanyastheywished.如果再允許人們隨心所欲地射殺大象，大象就會有滅絕的危險。IV.書面表達(dá)(2021.昆明質(zhì)檢)假定你是校英文報社的記者李華，請你報道你校本周開展的主題為“保護(hù)野生動物”的征文活動。內(nèi)容包括：?活動目的；.征文情況。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：ThisweekourschooIheldanessaycontestwhosethemeisprotectingwildanimals.Thepurposeofthisactivityistoraisestudents^warenessofcaringforwildanimals,especiallyendangeredones.Theactivityattractedanumberofstudents.Atotalof300articleswerereceived,allofwhichweresubmittedthroughthelnternet.Therearedifferentstylesofessays,includingnovels,poems,andletters.Somestudentsexpressedtheirgreatconcernforthesituationofwildanimals,andothersputforwardawidevarietyofmeasurestoprotectthem.Thestudentshavecometorealizetheimportanceofprotectingwildanimalsthroughtheactivity.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“anybookw汕themissingsentences...byreturningthebooktoScholastic”及第三段中的“Wewillsendyouthecorrectededitionuponreceipt...sentences”可知，顧客要想更換新版本圖書，應(yīng)把有錯誤的圖書退給Scholastic,可以說這是一個以舊換新的服務(wù)。故選A。.WhydoesScholasticmakethisstatement?Toadvertiseanewlyreleasedbook.Toapologizeforsendingthewrongorder.C?Tocorrectamistakeandbegforunderstanding.D.Toappreciatereaders'feedbackonthebook.解析：選C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要是Scholastic就《神奇動物在哪里》這本書中的錯誤發(fā)表的聲明，該聲明旨在提出補(bǔ)救措施，并希望得到讀者的諒解。故選C。BThreeyearsago,WillGladstonestudiedtheendangeredblue-footedbooby（藍(lán)腳鯉鳥）inhisfifth-gradescienceclass.Helearneditspopulationhaddeclinedby50percentinthepast60years.Mostkidswouldhaveclosedtheirbooksandforgottenabouttheendangeredbird.ButnotWill.Hewasattractedbythis^reallycoolbird”.Willwantedtodosomethingtohelp,andbeganstaringathisfeet.Hecameupwiththeideaofsellingbluesocks,soeveryonecouldhavebluefeetliketheblue-footedbooby.Hisdadhelpedfindsomeonetomakethesocks,andtheyheldalogo（標(biāo)識）contestonline.HisyoungerbrotherMattyalsowantedtobeapartoftheproject,andcameupwithTheBlueFeetFoundation（BFF）name.Together,theboyswerereadytoraisemoneytohelpsavetheblue-footedbooby.Atfirst,noonetookthetwokidsseriously,anditwasthreemonthsbeforetheysoldanysocks.However,theyhavenowsoldmorethan3,000pairsofsocks,withorderscominginfromall50statesandacross30countries.Theyhavealreadyraisedmorethan$40,000fortheircause.And,in2017,theyfundedanexplorationforDrDavidJ.Anderson,aworld-famousexpertinblue-footedboobies,tostudythepopulationdecline.TheBFFhasalsoattractedalargefollowingonsocialmedia.Theirfollowerspostphotoswearingthefoundation^signaturebluesocksmakingappearancesallovertheworld,includingtheGrandCanyon,theGreatWallofChinaandStonehenge."Morepeopleknowabouttheblue-footedboobybecauseofus,“saysMatty.Bothboysunderstandtheimpactofgivingbacktothecommunity.uWeneedtoinspirepeopletohelpeveryoneelse,sotheworldgetsbetter,“Mattysays.Asforthefutureofthefoundation,Mattysays,uIhopewegooutofbusiness,becausethatmeanswesavedtheblue-footedbooby.語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。Will在課堂上了解到瀕臨滅絕的藍(lán)腳鯉鳥，深受觸動。為拯救這種鳥類，他與弟弟Matty一起創(chuàng)辦了公益組織，并取得了一定的成功。.WhatdidWilldotohelptheblue-footedbooby?A?Hedistributedbooksaboutit.B.Hesoldbluesockstoraisemoneyforit.C?Hemadeexplorationswithexpertsinit.D.Heheldcontestsonlineforideasofprotectingit.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Willwantedtodosomethingtohelp,andbeganstaringathisfeet.Hecameupwiththeideaofsellingbluesocks”以及utheboyswerereadytoraisemoneytohelpsavetheblue-footedboobyn可知，Will想至I了通過賣藍(lán)色襪子來籌錢保護(hù)藍(lán)腳鯉鳥。.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheadvantageoftheBFF.ThepurposeoftheBFF.ThefoundationoftheBFF.ThesuccessoftheBFF.解析：選D段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“theyhavenowsoldmorethan3,000pairsofsocks...Theyhavealreadyraisedmorethan$40,000fortheircause.And,in2017,theyfundedanexplorationforDrDavidJ.Anderson...tostudythepopulationdecline”可知，本段主要想說明他們創(chuàng)辦的組織很成功。6.WhatdoesMattyexpectoftheBFF?A?Ifllfinallyclosedown.It'llincludemoreexpertsinbirds.Itllsaveotherendangeredspecies.Itllexpanditsbusinesstomorecountries.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，對于藍(lán)腳基金會的未來，Matty希望它會破產(chǎn)，因?yàn)檫@意味著藍(lán)腳鯉鳥不再瀕危，不再需要拯救。7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A?Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.B,Evenkidscanmakeadifferencetotheworld.C.Gettingclosetobirdsaddstothejoyofkids'life.D?Successisoftenfollowedbygivingbacktosociety.解析：選B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了Will在五年級時和弟弟Matty一起創(chuàng)辦了公益組織，拯救瀕臨滅絕的藍(lán)腳婚鳥，并取得了一定成功。由此可推知，即使是孩子也能對世界有所影響。cDoyoueverwonderwhytreesbegintobud（發(fā)芽）earlierinsomecities?Scientistsfinallyfoundtheanswerbutit^notverypleasant.Newsciencesuggestsarelationshipbetweenlightpollutionandthetimingwhentreesproducebuds,whichsignalsthearrivalofthespringseason.LightpollutionisdefinedbytheLightingResearchCenterastheunwantedconsequenceofbutdoorlightingsuchasstreetlights.Excessive（過多的）man-madelightatnightresultsindisturbednaturalcycles,andalsopreventstheobservationofstarsandplanetsatnight.Butitseffectontheenvironmentgoesbeyondthat.Bystudyingsometrees,researchersfoundoutthattreesthataremoreexposedtoartificiallightingatnightbudupto7.5daysearlierthanthoseatthenaturalnighttimesetting.Andtheyfoundoutthatlighthadamoresignificantelfectthantemperaturewhenthebudscameout.Theearlybuddingmaycauseproblemsforinsects,whichfeedonleaves,andthebirdswhichthenfeedontheminturn.ProfessorRichardFfrench-Constant,whohelpedleadtheresearch,explained,thatmorethanthebuddingoftrees,thestudyimpliesthedangertothebalanceoftheecosystem.uAtthemoment,caterpillarsaretimedtohatchtomakethemostoftheopportunitiestofeedonfreshlybuddedleaves,andbirdshatchintimetofeedontheyoungcaterpillar,“hesaid.Migratory（遷徙的）birdsarealsonegativelyaffectedbylightpollution.Theglaremightconfusethemandmakethemlosetheirflyingsense.Thephenomenonmightexplainwhysomebirdsaccidentallyknockintobuildings.Suchresultsstresstheneedtopursuestudiesthataimtomeasuretheeffectoflightpollution.Iftheissuewerelefttocontinue,itisestimatedthatby2100,springwouldbeginalmostafullmonthearlierthanitdoestoday.語篇解讀：這是一篇科普說明文。由于光污染，在某些城市春天來得比往年要早，這給動植物造成了不同程度的影響。8.Whatwillhappenifthereistoomuchman-madelight?A?People^eyesightwillbedamaged.B.Theecosystemwilllikelyloseitsbalance.C?Nostarsorplanetsmaybeobservedatnight.D.Animalslivinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Excessive（過多的）man-madelightatnightresultsindisturbednaturalcyclesv及第三段中的“thestudyimpliesthedangertothebalanceoftheecosystem^^可知，過多的人造光會干擾自然循環(huán)，使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)失去平衡。故選B項。9.Howdoestheearlybuddingaffectinsectsorplants?A?Itwillcausetherisingnumberofinsects.B.Itcouldleadtotreesgrowingfewerleaves.C?Itmayresultinsomeinsectsgoinghungry.D?Itmightpushinsectstohatchmoreslowly.解析：選C推理判斷題。第三段先提到樹木發(fā)芽早可能會給昆蟲和鳥類帶來問題，下面提到正常情況是毛蟲按照有機(jī)會吃新鮮樹葉的時間孵化出來，鳥類孵化出來剛好能吃上幼毛蟲，如果樹木發(fā)芽早了，那后孵化的毛蟲就吃不上新鮮樹葉，可能會挨餓或餓死，而剛孵化的鳥類的食物——幼毛蟲也可能減少，由此推知，樹木發(fā)芽早可能導(dǎo)致一些昆蟲挨餓。10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?Theeffectoflightpollutionisdestructive.B,Thespringof21OOwillbecomemuchlonger.C.Lightpollutionshouldbetakenseriously.D,Afurtherstudyonlightpollutionisscheduled.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段可知，如果任由光污染問題繼續(xù)下去，估計到2100年，春天會比現(xiàn)在提前將近一整月。這些變化當(dāng)然會對環(huán)境、生態(tài)和人類造成巨大的影響，而且文中提到現(xiàn)在迫切需要進(jìn)行旨在估量光污染的影響的研究，因此我們肯定需要認(rèn)真對待光污染的問題。故選C項。Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A?WhyspringcomesearlierinsomecitiesWhylightpollutionneedstobestudiedC?Howtrees^arlybuddingtakesplaceD.Howmuchlightis^toomuch^^解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，作者主要講的是由于光污染，在一些城市樹木發(fā)芽早，即春天來得比往年要早，以及這給動植物造成的不同程度的影響。因此A項最能概括文章的大意。D（2021?合肥質(zhì)檢）Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:termites（白蟻）.Termitesgetabumra2.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbon-richmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatintropical（熱帶的）forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn^knowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought.Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn^muchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswherethey'dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwasunexpected:inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted（抽芽）,andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryspell.ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.uAndthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,“shesays,"becauseitmakesmethink,well,whatelsedon'tweknow?Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon*tknowwhatthatwilldo.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。白蟻因每年在美國吞噬數(shù)十億美元的房產(chǎn)而登上新聞頭條，它們的碳排放量約占全球的2%。人們想要消滅白蟻。但是科學(xué)家通過做試驗(yàn)表明，白蟻對自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的作用是不可估量的。.Whichofthefdllowingbestexplainstcabumrap^underlinedinParagraphZ?A.Unfairblame.B.Widepopularity.C?Publicattention.D.Specialpreference.解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三段第一^“Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems”可知，白蟻因每年在美國吞噬數(shù)十億美元的房產(chǎn)而登上新聞頭條，人們想殺死它們，但它們在許多自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵的作用，由此可推知，畫線詞所在句表示白蟻受到了不公平的責(zé)備。.Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?A?Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.B?Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.C?Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.D.Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對第三段的整體理解，尤其是第二句中的“termiteschewupfallenleaves...byotherplants,insects,andanimals”可知，白蟻會啃食落葉和枯木，并讓枯木中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)重新進(jìn)入生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，供其他植物、昆蟲和動物使用。由此可知，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道白蟻對它們居住的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)貢獻(xiàn)很大。.WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffiths'experiment?A?Termiteshelprainforestssurviveclimatechange.B?Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.Termitesbenefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句"Whattheyfoundwas...harddryspell”可知，在白蟻密集的地區(qū)，土壤保持濕潤，更多的樹苗抽芽，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在漫長干旱的時期充滿活力。由此可推知，白蟻幫助雨林渡過氣候變化。15.WhatdoesGriffithstellusinthelastparagraph?A?Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.B.Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.C?Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.D?Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段，尤其是“Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon'tknowwhatthatwilldo”可知，如果我們開始破壞生物群落，我們不知道會發(fā)生什么，由此可推知，Griffiths在最后一段告訴我們在破壞一個物種之前，先要考慮到會產(chǎn)生的后果。II.閱讀七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）IfyouattendtheYangtzeRiverlntangibleCulturalHeritageExhibition,youwillfindithardtoforgetthetreasuresdisplayedthere.That^becauseallofthem,fromdelicatewoodcarvingstothefragrantWestLakeLongjingTea,areculturalachievementsofChinesepeople.j6.Let'shaveadeeplookatthegreatrivercivilization.Longregardedasastatesymbol,Chineseembroidery（刺繡）tookrootsintheYangtzeRiverValley.Thinkofthe4mostfamoustypesofembroideriesinChina:SuXiufromJiangsu,ShuXiufromSichuan,XiangXiufromHunanandYueXiufromGuangdong.17.WalkingalongsidetheYangtzeRiver,youmayhearsingersinboatschantingsimplesongscontainingpowerfullyrics.Thisistheancientmusicknownashaozi,whichboatmensingtounifytheirrowingrhythm.j8.Itisarecordofhistory,whichshouldbekeptandcarriedforward.19.Itwasoriginallystartedtoworshipthedragontotem（圖騰）bythepeopleoftheoldWuyuearea.AftertheWarringStatesPeriod,thefestivalwasinhonorofthepoetQuyuan,wholivedintheancientstateofChu.Sofar,11citiesalongtheYangtzeRiverhavesignedanagreementtoprotecttheintangibleculturalheritagesalongtheriver.20.Thismoveisabigsteptowardmakingsureournation'sculturalwonderswillbealiveformoregenerations.A?ThereisatraditionalChinesefairytaleB?TheyarepricelesstreasuresinJiangsuProvinceC?DragonBoatFestivaloriginatedfromtheYangtzeRiverTheyarealsoreflectionsofthelonghistoryoftheYangtzeRiverItwillpromotecooperationandinspireintegration（整合）amongthecitiesHearingitislesscommontoday,butit'sstillasymboloftheYangtzeRiverYouwillrealizethatthreeofthemoriginatefromcitiesalongtheYangtzeRiver語篇解讀：文章介紹了中國長江流域的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)——中國刺繡、號子、端午節(jié)等。目前，長江流域沿線的11座城市已經(jīng)簽署協(xié)議共同保護(hù)長江流域的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，這一舉措是為確保我們國家的文化奇觀能夠世代流傳所邁出的一大步。.選D根據(jù)后文圍繞著長江流域的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)展開可知，該處應(yīng)選擇承上啟下的句子，引出這些遺產(chǎn)與長江流域的關(guān)系。D項中的They指代前文中的“thetreasures”,與上一句中的“anofthem”指代相同,且D項中的also表明不只是像前文所提到的“它們是中國人的文化成就“，它們同時也是長江流域悠久歷史的反映。.選G該段前文提到中國刺繡扎根于長江流域和中國的四大名繡。設(shè)空處應(yīng)體現(xiàn)四大名繡與長江流域的緊密關(guān)系，G項中的threeofthem表明四大名繡中的三個發(fā)源于長江沿岸的城市。.選F該段介紹了“號子”這一長江流域的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，它是船夫吟唱的簡單曲調(diào)。選項中只有F項中的Hearingit與該段內(nèi)容相關(guān)，且F項中的"it'sstillasymboloftheYangtzeRiver"與后文的"shouldbekeptandcarriedforward”相呼應(yīng)。.選C根據(jù)該段中的“thedragontotem"和“thepoetQuyuan”并結(jié)合選項可知，該段介紹的是端午節(jié)（DragonBoatFestival）。.選E設(shè)空處前一句提到“長江沿岸的11座城市已經(jīng)簽署協(xié)