考研英語翻譯課件

考研英語簡介考察內(nèi)容和形式：根據(jù)全國碩士研究生統(tǒng)一考試英語考試大綱規(guī)定考研翻譯“主要考查考生準(zhǔn)確理解內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的英語材料的能力。要求考生閱讀一篇約400詞的文章，并將其中并將其中5個(gè)劃線部分（約150詞）譯成漢語，要求譯文準(zhǔn)確、完整、通順。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：5個(gè)小題，每題2分，共10分。如果句子譯文明顯扭曲原文意義，該句得分最多不超過0.5分。如果就一個(gè)題目提供了兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的譯法，若均正確，給分；如果其中一個(gè)譯法有錯(cuò)，按錯(cuò)誤譯法評分。中文錯(cuò)別字不個(gè)別扣分，按整篇累計(jì)扣分。在不影響意思的前提下，滿三個(gè)錯(cuò)別字扣0.5分，無0.25扣分。命題原則題材偏向?qū)I(yè)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn)，以議論文和說明文為主，字?jǐn)?shù)在400-450字之間。所選題材偏向文科社會科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，而且考的都是熱點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。只考長難句，平均長度是30字左右。直譯HoneymoonHotlineGenetherapyEasycome,easygoBeggarsmustnotbechoosersDeadmentellnotalesChainreaction意譯：由于英漢兩種語言中的詞匯、語法結(jié)構(gòu)、表達(dá)方法及整個(gè)謀篇布局都不同，因此在翻譯過程中，英語和漢語在形式和內(nèi)容上都構(gòu)不成等同，這時(shí)候需要把英語原文的意義進(jìn)行解釋性的翻譯。意譯指的是從原文的意義出發(fā)，將英語所表達(dá)的意義用漢語做解釋，翻譯過程不需要過分遵守原文語言形式。意譯Bull’seyesMilkywayAsmuteasafishAsstrongasahorseAscoolascucumberAscloseasanoysterAsintimateasthieves意譯YouareaswiseasSolomonHehadonefootinthegraveHewaseloquent,elegant,butsoftAdoctormusthavetheheartofalionandthehandofalady考研英語常見的翻譯情況處理定語從句的翻譯狀語從句的翻譯主語從句的翻譯被動(dòng)語態(tài)的翻譯代詞的翻譯雙重否定的翻譯詞義選擇和詞義引申定語從句翻譯技巧重復(fù)法—適用于定語較長的情況Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofhumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadeifnotcenturies.定語從句翻譯技巧狀譯法—譯成狀語，前提是構(gòu)成因果或其他關(guān)系Behavioristssuggestthatthechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuliwhichdevelopshisorhercapacityforappropriterespnseswillexperiencegreaterintellectualdevelopment狀譯法Creatinga"Europeanidentity"(歐洲品牌)thatrespectsthedifferentculturesandtraditionswhichgotomakeuptheconnectingfabricoftheOldContinentisnoeasytaskanddemandsastrtegicchoice.狀譯法TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.狀譯法Forexample,standardizedtestsdonotcompensateforgrosssocialinequality,andthusdonottellhowableanunderpreviledgedyoungstermighthavebeenhadhegrownupundermorefavorablecircumstances.主語從句的翻譯技巧it作形式主語+Ved翻譯成人們。。。itisassumeditisagreedit作形式主語+adj翻譯成。。。的是itisobviousitissignificantFurthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry'seconomyifdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的翻譯技巧翻譯成主動(dòng)Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-culturalperspectivebroughttotheanalysisofculturepastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueabddistinctlyimportantsocialscience.雙重否定的翻譯技巧翻譯成肯定Thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.Perhapsthereisnooneherewhohasnotinthecourseofthedayhadoccasiontosetinmotionacomplextrainofreasoning代詞的翻譯明確翻譯出代詞所指Onlyrecentlydidlinguistsbegintheseriousstudyoflanguagesthatwereverydifferentfromtheirown.Twoanthropologist-linguists,FranzBoasEdwardSapir,werepioneersindescribingmanynativelanguagesofNorthandSouthAmericaduringthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeopleswhospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages帶than的句子翻譯More...than...MoreAthanB翻譯成是A而不是BThecomplexityofthehumansituationandtheinjusticeofthesocialorderdemandfarmorefundamentalchangesinthebasicstructureofsocietyitselfthansomepoliticiansarewillingtoadmitintheirspeeches.Less...than...LessAthanB翻譯成是B而不是A，與其說是A，不如說是BScience,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.Otherthan和ratherthanRatherthan而不是Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitywhips,computerswithin-builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools.詞義選擇becarefulwhenyoudealwithhim.Heisasophisticatedman.heisasophisticatedcolumnist,andiswell-receivedbythereadingpublic.theAmericanspacecraftcarrieshighlysophisticatedelectronicdevices.詞義引申通過抽象化引申theyinsistthatinternationaltradeshould