考研考博-英語-上海公安學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海公安學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

AlltheplanetsinthesolarsystemexceptMercuryandVenushavenaturalsatellites,（）objectsthatrevolvearoundtheplanets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.ofwhich

C.whichare

D.andwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。后面的從句中缺少主謂，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：太陽系中除水星和金星外的所有行星都有天然衛(wèi)星，它們是那些圍繞行星旋轉(zhuǎn)的物體。

2.單選題

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭維”；contemplate“沉思，注視”；complement“補(bǔ)充”。句意：電影導(dǎo)演用音樂來補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動(dòng)作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.翻譯題

PassageOne

AcapsulehotelisatypeofhotelinJapanwithalargenumberofextremelysmall“rooms”.

Theguestspaceisreducedinsizetoamodularplasticorfiberglassblockroughly2mby1mby1.25m,providingroomtosleep.Facilitiesrangeinentertainmentofferings(mostincludeatelevision,anelectronicconsole,andwirelessinternetconnection).

Thesecapsulesarestackedsidebysideandtwounitstoptobottom,withstepsprovidingaccesstothesecondlevelrooms.Luggageisstoredinalocker,usuallysomewhereoutsideofthehotel.Washroomsarecommunalandmosthotelsincluderestaurants(oratleastvendingmachines),pools,andotherentertainmentfacilities.Thebenefitofthesehotelsisconvenienceandprice,usuallyaround$21-42anight.

Manycapsulesareusedprimarilybymen.Others(especiallyonweekdays)areoftentooinebriatedtosafelytraveltotheirhomes,ortooembarrassedtofacetheirspouseswhentheyareunemployedorunderemployed.

PassageTwo

Youthisnotatimeoflife.Itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.

Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.

Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowtheheartandturnthespiritbacktodust.

Whether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation;solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheinfinite,youandIwillremainyoung.

Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareuptocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumayhaveayoungheartat80.

【答案】PassageOne

【參考譯文】

膠囊旅館是日本一種有許多極小“房間”的旅館。

客人用來睡覺的空間被縮小為大約2米×1米×1.25米的組合式的塑料或玻璃纖維間。設(shè)施包括娛樂設(shè)備（大多數(shù)包括電視、電子控制臺(tái)和無線網(wǎng)連接）。

這些膠囊房間并排堆放，分上下兩層，有臺(tái)階通往第二層。行李通常放在旅館房間外的儲(chǔ)物柜里。洗手間是公用的，大多數(shù)旅館都有餐廳(或至少有自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))、游泳池和其他娛樂設(shè)施。這些旅館的好處是方便和低價(jià)，通常每晚大概21到42美元。

許多膠囊房間主要為男性使用。還有一些人(尤其是在工作日)常常是因?yàn)楹鹊锰矶鵁o法安全回家，或者是因?yàn)闆]有工作或者只有部分時(shí)間被雇傭而羞于回家面對(duì)配偶。

PassageTwo

【參考譯文】

青春不是人生的一個(gè)階段。青春是一種心態(tài)；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝；青春是一種意志，是豐富的想象，是熾熱的情感；青春是生命深泉的涌流。

青春意味著在性格上勇敢戰(zhàn)勝懦弱；意味著對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的渴望超過對(duì)安逸的生活熱愛。相較于20歲的青年，它更常見于80歲的老者。沒有人僅僅因?yàn)闅q月的流逝就變老，只是因放棄理想而老去。

歲月也許會(huì)使肌膚老去，但喪失激情，定會(huì)使靈魂枯萎。憂慮、惶恐、沒有自信，會(huì)使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。

無論是60歲還是16歲，每個(gè)人的心中都有好奇，都有孩童般對(duì)未來的渴望，都有源自生活這場(chǎng)游戲的歡樂。在你我的心底，都有一根天線；只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂、勇氣和力量的信號(hào)，你我就青春永駐。

一旦天線倒塌，志氣被玩世不恭的霜雪和悲觀厭世的冰層覆蓋，就算才20歲，你也老了；但只要你的天線保持捕捉樂觀的信號(hào)，即使到了80歲，你也有希望擁有一顆年輕的心。

4.單選題

Ayearago,threejournalistsworkingforQatar’sAl-JazeeraEnglishnetworksuddenlyfoundthemselvescaughtupinEgypt'sharshsecuritycrackdownfollowingthemilitary'soverthrowofIslamistPresidentMohammedMorsi,thecountry'sfirstdemocraticallyelectedleader.Twoofthem,AustralianPeterGreste,anaward-winningformerBBCcorrespondent,andMohammedFahym,anEgyptian-bornCanadian,werearrestedwhenthepoliceburstintotheirofficesuiteinCairo’sMarriottHotel.Thethird,EgyptianfreelanceproducerBaherMohammed,wasledawayinhandcuffsfromhisCairohomeafterhispoliceshothisdog.

Egypt’scrackdownonpoliticaldissenthaspresentedPresidentObamawithadifficultchoice.Ononehand,he’skeenlyawareofEgypt’sstrategicimportancetotheU.S.—fromcooperationwithanti-terroristintelligencetomaintainingtheIsraeli-Egyptianpeacetreaty,whichiswhyObamahasrefusedtocharacterizeMorsi’soverthrowasacoup,astepthatwouldlegallyrequiretheadministrationtohaltallmilitaryaidtoEgyptuntilthecountryrestoresdemocracy.ButObamaalsowantstobeseenasastaunchdefenderofhumanrightsanddemocracy,keydemandsoftheArabSpringproteststhatchallengedautocraticruleinmuchoftheMiddleEast.Tothatend,theconflictedpresidentlastyearhelduphundredsofmillionsofdollarsofmilitaryaidtoEgypttosignalhisconcernoverhumanrightsviolations.

Now,however,Washington'sstrategicconsiderationsappeartohavetrumpeditshumanrightsconcerns.Thereason:thenewRepublican-controlledHouseandSenateareconcernedwiththeriseofISISmilitants.There'salsobeenahugeinfluxofaidtoEgyptfromoil-richGulfstatesthathasweakenedU.S.leverage.Lastmonth,Obamasignedlegislationthatallowshimtoinvokenationalsecurityconcernstowaivehumanrightsconditionsattachedto$1.5billioninmostlymilitaryaidtoEgypt,suchasrequirementstoholdfreeandfairelectionsandprotectminorityfights.AndwhileObamaperiodicallyspeaksoutagainstEgypt'sdismalhumanrightsrecord,there'slittledoubtamongbothadministrationofficialsandMiddleEasthandsthathewillusethatwaivertokeeptheaidtoCairoflowing.“WecanharanguetheEgyptiansallwewantaboutdemocracy,”saysanexpertonEgyptattheCouncilonForeignRelations.“Butitdoesn'tgetusanywhere.”

SuchattemptsatgainingleverageovertheEgyptiansdon'tseemtobeworking.Ifanything,theyhavefurtherstokedEgyptiandoubtsaboutWashingtonanddrivenCairoclosertothosewealthyGulfnationswhohaveprovidedel-Sissiwithsome$32billioninaidwithnoconditionsattached.Bycontrast,Washington'sannual$1.5billionaidpackagenowseemspaltry.EvenwiththelikelihoodthatU.S.militaryaidtoEgyptwillnowflow,therelationshipstillfacessomeroughspots.EgyptianofficialsareresistingAmericanadvicetospenditsaidmoneyoncounterterrorismequipmentandbordersecurity.

YetthesedisagreementsareunlikelytochangeWashington'sdecisiontomuteitshumanrightsconcerns,whichmeansthejailedAl-JazeerajournalistswillhavetocountonasuccessfulrapprochementbetweenEgyptandQatarfortheirrelease,ratherthananyfurtherpressurefromWashington.AsanAmericanworkingwiththeEgyptianmilitarysaid,“Idon’tthinktheadministrationhasmuchstomachtoreallypushhardagainstCairo.”

1.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromanarticleentitled“（）”

2.Theword“harangue”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“（）”

3.Wecaninferfromthelastsentenceinthelastparagraphthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedissent’ssituationinEgypt?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheLeverageofAmericainEgypt

B.U.S.MilitaryAidtoEgypt

C.TheWinterofEgypt’sDissent

D.TheFutureofEgypt

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.harness

B.trytopersuade

C.harass

D.trytoteach

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theUnitedStateshaslittleinterestinimpellingEgypt

B.theUnitedStatesnolongerhasmuchdesireinEgypt

C.theUnitedStatesdoesnotwanttotolerateEgyptanymore

D.theUnitedStatesisveryangrywithwhatEgyptdid

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheUnitedStatesismoreconcernedwiththehumanrightsinEgyptthanwithotheraspects.

B.AlthoughtherelationshipbetweentheUnitedStatesandEgyptfacessomeroughspots,theUnitedStatesstillhasstronginfluenceonEgypt.

C.TheGulfstatesandtheUnitedStatessharethesamestandonEgyptasbothofthemhaveofferedsomeaidtoEgypt.

D.AlthoughtheUnitedStateshasdecidedtoofferaidtoEgypt,itsleverageinCairoisdiminishing.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisoptimistic

B.Itispessimistic.

C.Itisindifferent

D.Itiscredulous.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“Ayearago,threejournalistsworkingforQatar’sAl-JazeeraEnglishnetworksuddenlyfoundthemselvescaughtupinEgypt'sharshsecuritycrackdown”，可知第一段主要提到了三位記者突然被發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被卷入埃及嚴(yán)厲的安全鎮(zhèn)壓中，接著提到了兩名記者受到了逮捕，還有的被直接槍斃打死?？芍＜皩?duì)政治分歧人員進(jìn)行了鎮(zhèn)壓。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“thejailedAl-JazeerajournalistswillhavetocountonasuccessfulrapprochementbetweenEgyptandQatarfortheirrelease,ratherthananyfurtherpressurefromWashington.”，可知被監(jiān)禁的記者只能依靠埃及和卡特爾的和解來釋放他們，而不是華盛頓的壓力。所以文章主要講了埃及對(duì)政治異議者的打壓相當(dāng)嚴(yán)厲，異議者的處境相當(dāng)艱難。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“ObamaperiodicallyspeaksoutagainstEgypt'sdismalhumanrightsrecord…WecanharanguetheEgyptiansallwewantaboutdemocracy…Butitdoesn'tgetusanywhere.”，可知美國雖然定期公開批評(píng)了埃及糟糕的人權(quán)紀(jì)錄，但是并沒有認(rèn)為帶來任何好處。所以對(duì)于民主，他們能夠?qū)Π＜叭嗣駂arangue他們能想到的所有，可推斷出美國可以盡一切可能對(duì)埃及人在民主方面進(jìn)行勸說。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Idon’tthinktheadministrationhasmuchstomachtoreallypushhardagainstCairo.”，可知奧巴馬政府不會(huì)真正地對(duì)開羅政府施加壓力，可推斷美國沒什么興趣迫使埃及。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“EvenwiththelikelihoodthatU.S.militaryaidtoEgyptwillnowflow,therelationshipstillfacessomeroughspots.EgyptianofficialsareresistingAmericanadvicetospenditsaidmoneyoncounterterrorismequipmentandbordersecurity.”，可知雖然美國對(duì)埃及提供源源不斷的軍事援助，但是兩國的關(guān)系依然緊張，埃及官員拒絕美國將援助資金用于反恐設(shè)備和邊境安全的建議?？赏茢喑霰M管美國向埃及提供援助，但其在開羅的影響力正在減弱。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“thejailedAl-JazeerajournalistswillhavetocountonasuccessfulrapprochementbetweenEgyptandQatarfortheirrelease,ratherthananyfurtherpressurefromWashington.”，可知被監(jiān)禁的記者只能指望埃及和卡塔爾的和解來獲得釋放，而不是依靠來自或華盛頓的進(jìn)一步壓力?？赏茢喑霎愖h者無法依靠美國的在人權(quán)問題方面的援助而獲得釋放，所以異議者的出境是艱難的。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Idon'tthinktheadministrationhasmuchstomachtoreallypushhardagainstCairo.”，可知美國政府不會(huì)真正地在人權(quán)問題上施加壓力，強(qiáng)迫開羅政府?？赏茢嘧髡邔?duì)埃及異議者的處境持悲觀態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Ahighlifeexpectancycoupledwithahighcrudebirthrate[A]makesitdifficulttoincreasepercapitaGNP.Finally,peoplehavedifferentviewson[B]whatistheproperrateofpopulation.Somefeelthattheearthistoocrowdedalreadyand[C]thatsocietiesshouldworkforzeropopulationgrowth—theconditioninwhichtheaveragenumberofbirthsanddeaths[D]balancessothatapopulationstopsgrowing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makesitdifficult

B.what

C.that

D.balances

【答案】B

【解析】考查賓語從句。B選項(xiàng)處為賓語從句，如果使用what，主謂應(yīng)為正序：whattheproperrateofpopulationis。因此此處應(yīng)將what改為which。

6.單選題

Sheactuallypreferredamoregregariousurbanlifestyleandtheculturalattractionsinawarmerclime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tranquil

B.sociable

C.inactive

D.undisturbed

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:實(shí)際上她很喜歡交際較多的城市生活和氣候宜人的文化勝地。

tranquil:安靜的。sociable:好交際的。inactive:不活動(dòng)的。undisturbed:安寧的，未受干擾的。gregarious:社交的，群居的。故B項(xiàng)與題意一致。

7.單選題

Thegirlswantedtohelp（）maketheircostumesfortheplay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.all

B.eachtheother

C.eachother

D.onetheother

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)all“全部”；B選項(xiàng)eachtheother“每一個(gè)其他的”；C選項(xiàng)eachother“彼此，互相”；D選項(xiàng)onetheother“一個(gè)另一個(gè)”。句意：女孩們想幫助……制作她們的戲服。根據(jù)句意可推測(cè)，女孩們是想互相幫助，可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

There（）nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobe

B.tohavebeen

C.being

D.be

【答案】C

【解析】考查原因狀語。句意：由于沒有什么可討論的了，會(huì)議提前半小時(shí)結(jié)束了。因前后兩部分之間沒有連接詞，所以可以確定前半句為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，therebeing是存在句的非限定形式，在句中表示原因狀語。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Hardy’sweakness（）hisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsoftheseimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.layin

B.gaveriseto

C.shedlighton

D.derivedfrom

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。liein“躺在”；giveriseto“引起”；shedlighton“使清楚地顯出；derivefrom“源自”。句意：哈代的缺點(diǎn)一方面源于沒有能力控制好各種不同的創(chuàng)作沖動(dòng)，另一方面源于他不愿意去培養(yǎng)和保持那些充滿活力和冒險(xiǎn)的想法。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

FromherconversationI______thatshehadalargefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimated

B.suspected

C.predicted

D.deduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)estimated“（對(duì)數(shù)量、成本等的）估計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)suspected“懷疑；覺得（尤指壞事可能屬實(shí)或發(fā)生）”；C選項(xiàng)predicted“預(yù)言”；D選項(xiàng)deduced“推斷”。句意：從和她的談話中我______她有一個(gè)大家庭。根據(jù)語境，通過談話得出她有一個(gè)大家庭，談話中得出信息和事實(shí)，deduced“推斷”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.impulse

C.instinct

D.consciousness

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)response“反應(yīng)，回答”；B選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)instinct“本能，直覺”；D選項(xiàng)consciousness“意識(shí)，知覺”。句意：人類的行為主要是學(xué)習(xí)的產(chǎn)物，而動(dòng)物的行為主要依靠本能。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

AskmostpeoplehowtheydefinetheAmericanDreamandchancesarethey'llsay,"Success."ThedreamofindividualopportunityhasbeenhomeinAmericanssinceEuropeansdiscovereda"newworld"intheWesternHemisphere.EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders:in"LettersfromanAmericanFanner"(1782)hewrote:"Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimselfWehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil(干苦力活)，starve,andbleed:Wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld."Thepromiseofalandwhere"therewardsofaman'sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor"drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.

OurnationalmythologyisfullofillustrationoftheAmericansuccessstory.There'sBenjaminFranklin,theverymodeloftheself-educated,self-mademan,whorosefrommodestoriginstobecomeawell-knownscientist,philosopher,andstatesman.Inthenineteenthcentury,HoratioAlger,awriteroffictionforyoungboys,becameAmerican'sbest-sellingauthorwithrags-to-richestales.Thenotionofsuccesshauntsus:wespendmillionseveryyearreadingabouttherichandfamous,learninghowto“makeafortuneinrealestatewithnomoneydown,",and"dressingforsuccess."Themythofsuccesshaseveninvadedourpersonalrelationships:todayit'sasimportanttobe"successful"inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.

Butdreamseasilyturnintonightmares.EveryAmericanwhohopesto"makeit"alsoknowsthefearoffailure,becausethemythofsuccessinevitablyimpliescomparisonbetweenthehavesandthehave-nots,thestarsandtheanonymouscrowd.Underpressureofthemyth,webecomeindulgedinstatussymbols:wetrytoliveinthe"right"neighborhoods,wearthe"right"clothes,eatthe"right"foods.Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens.

1.WhatistheessenceoftheAmericanDreamaccordingtoCrevecoeur?

2.Bysaying"therewardsofaman'sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor"(Line10-11,Para.1),theauthormeans（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

4.WhatistheparadoxofAmericancultureaccordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplearefreetodeveloptheirpowerofimagination.

B.Peoplewhoarehonestandworkhardcansucceed.

C.Peoplearefreefromexploitationandoppression.

D.Peoplecanfullyenjoyindividualfreedom.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themorediligentoneis,thebiggerhisreturns

B.laboriousworkensuresthegrowthofanindustry

C.aman'sbusinessshouldbedevelopedstepbystep

D.acompany'ssuccessdependsonitsemployees'hardwork

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.businesssuccessoftencontributestoasuccessfulmarriage

B.Americanswishtosucceedineveryaspectoflife

C.goodpersonalrelationshipsleadtobusinesssuccess

D.successfulbusinesspeopleprovidegoodcarefortheirchildren

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheAmericanroadtosuccessisfullofnightmares.

B.Statussymbolsarenotarealindicatorofaperson'swealth.

C.TheAmericanDreamisnothingbutanemptydream.

D.WhatAmericansstriveafteroftencontradictstheirbeliefs.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一段中的EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.像HectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeur這樣的早期移民高度贊揚(yáng)了在這片新土地上發(fā)現(xiàn)的自由和機(jī)會(huì)。以及Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained…我們對(duì)于這種行業(yè)的無拘無束的和不受限制的精神感到興奮。可知美國夢(mèng)的核心精神就是自由。答案D

第2題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)“becauseeachpersonworksforhimself因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都為自己工作?！币约癟hepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.在這片土地上，“一個(gè)人辛勤勞動(dòng)的回報(bào)與他勞動(dòng)的增長成正比”的承諾吸引了來自歐洲的貧困移民，并推動(dòng)了國家向西部地區(qū)的擴(kuò)張。”可知每個(gè)人都為自己打工，越勤勞，賺得就越多。故答案A

第3題:推理判斷題。定位到第二段最后一句todayit’sasimportanttobe“successful”inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.今天，在婚姻或家庭中取得成功和在事業(yè)上取得成功一樣重要?？芍绹苏J(rèn)為在婚姻或親子關(guān)系上的成功與商業(yè)成功同樣重要。故B項(xiàng)“美國人希望在生活的每個(gè)方面都取得成功”正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由第三段最后一句“Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens這些區(qū)別的象征向我們和其他人保證，我們堅(jiān)信所有人的基本平等，但我們?nèi)员M最大努力將自己與我們的同胞區(qū)分開來。”可知美國夢(mèng)的矛盾之處在于美國相信人人平等，但又在盡力將自己與別人區(qū)分開來。故D項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Fashionissomethingwedealwitheveryday.Evenpeoplewhosaytheydon'tcarewhattheywearchooseclotheseverymorningthensayalotaboutthemandhowtheyfeelthatday.

Onecertainthinginthefashionworldischange.Weareconstantlybeingshoweredwithnewfashionideasfrommusic,videos,books,andtelevision.Moviesalsohaveabigimpactonwhatpeoplewear.Ray-BansoldmoresunglassesafterthemovieMeninBlack.Sometimesafashionisworldwide.Backinthe1950s,teenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresley.

Fashionandstylesrevealwhatgroupspeoplearein,buttheyalsocreatestereotypesanddistancebetweengroups.Forinstance,abusinessmanmightlookataboywithgreenhairandpiercingsasanoutsider.Buttoanotherperson,hedressesacertainwaytodeliverthemessageofrebellionandseparation,butwithinthatgroupthelookisuniform.Theacceptanceorrejectionofastyleisareactiontothesocietywelivein.

Fashionisalanguagewhichtellsastoryaboutthepersonwhowearsit.“Clothescreatewordlessmeansofcommunicationthatweallunderstand,”accordingtoKatherineHamnett,atopBritishfashiondesigner.HamnettbecamepopularwhenherT-shirtswithlargemessageslike“ChooseLife”werewornbyseveralrockbands.

Fashionisanendlesspopularitycontest.Highfashionisthestyleofasmallgroupofmenandwomenwithacertaintasteandauthorityinthefashionworld.Peopleofwealthandposition,buyersformajordepartmentstores,editorsandwritersforfashionmagazinesareallpartofhighfashion.Someoftheseexpensiveandoftenartisticfashionsmaytriumphandbecomethefashionforthelargermajority.Moststayontherunway.

Popularfashionsareclosetoimpossibletotrace.NoonecantellhowtheshortskirtsandbootswornbyteenagersinEnglandin1960madeittotherunwaysofParisorhowbluejeansbecamesopopularintheU.S.,orhowhip-hopmadeitfromthestreetofBronxtothefashionshowsofLondonandMilan.

“Intheperspectiveofcostumehistory,itisplainthatthedressofanygivenperiodisexactlysuitedtotheactualclimateofthetime.”accordingtoJamesLaver,anotedEnglishcostumehistorian.Howdidbell-bottomjeansfadeintothedesignerjeansandbootslookofthe1980sintothebaggylookofthe1990s?Nobodyreallyknows.

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theexamplethatteenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresleyinthe1950sshowsthat（）

2.Aboywithgreenhairandmultiplepiercings（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedamongpopularfashions?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoffashionintermsofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thereisconstantchangeinthefashionworld

B.starssetworld-widetrendsinfashion

C.fashionissomethingwedealwitheveryday

D.teenagerscanshowthemselvesoffwithwhattheyarewearing

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mightbelookeddownuponbyabusinessman

B.deliversthemessageofrebellionandseparationtoallthepeople

C.managestorevealthathisstyleisunique

D.mightbeacceptedbysomepeopleinthesociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Shortboots.

B.Baggyskirts.

C.Hip-hop.

D.Bell-bottomjeans.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplecangetsomeideasofapersonbythefashionhewears.

B.Mostofexpensiveandartisticfashionsfailtobepopularwithcommonpeople.

C.Thefashionworldischaracterizedbyconstantchanges.

D.Popularfashionsareofgreathelptotracecostumehistory.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theexamplethatteenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresleyinthe1950sshowsthat______.1.根據(jù)第二段，20世紀(jì)50年代各地的青少年都穿得像貓王一樣的例子表明______。

A.thereisconstantchangeinthefashionworldA.時(shí)尚界一直在變化

B.starssetworld-widetrendsinfashionB.明星引領(lǐng)全球時(shí)尚潮流

C.fashionissomethingwedealwitheverydayC.時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情

D.teenagerscanshowthemselvesoffwithwhattheyarewearingD.青少年可以通過他們的穿著來炫耀自己

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】由題干的關(guān)鍵詞ElvisPresley定位到第二段“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化。我們不斷從音樂、視頻、書籍和電視中獲得新的時(shí)尚理念。電影對(duì)人們的穿著也有很大的影響。《黑衣人》上映后，雷朋太陽鏡銷量增加。有時(shí)候一種時(shí)尚是世界性的。20世紀(jì)50年代，世界各地的青少年都穿得像貓王。”，這一段是說時(shí)尚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)，變化，電影的影響，世界性；貓王是美國著名搖滾明星，他的例子放在第三個(gè)，舉例說明明星的影響可以讓全世界的人都追求同一種時(shí)尚。B項(xiàng)“明星引領(lǐng)全球時(shí)尚潮流”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚界一直在變化”在第二段第一句提到“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化”，結(jié)合解題思路可知，與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴；

C項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情”在第一段第一句提到“時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情”，也與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“青少年可以通過他們的穿著來炫耀自己”在原文沒有相關(guān)表述，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Aboywithgreenhairandmultiplepiercings______.2.一個(gè)長著綠色頭發(fā)、穿了多個(gè)洞的男孩______。

A.mightbelookeddownuponbyabusinessmanA.可能會(huì)被商人看不起

B.deliversthemessageofrebellionandseparationtoallthepeopleB.向所有人傳達(dá)叛逆和離間的信息

C.managestorevealthathisstyleisuniqueC.成功地展示了他的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格

D.mightbeacceptedbysomepeopleinthesocietyD.可能會(huì)被社會(huì)上一些人接受

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可定位到第三段中間兩句“一個(gè)商人可能會(huì)把一個(gè)長著綠色頭發(fā)和穿洞的男孩看作局外人。但對(duì)另一個(gè)人來說，他的著裝方式傳達(dá)了反叛和分離的信息，在這個(gè)群體中，他的著裝是一致的?！保芍糁G色頭發(fā)和身上多處穿孔的男孩不被商人所接納，但對(duì)于另一些人來說，他用這樣的方法表達(dá)他的叛逆和隔離，在這個(gè)群體里大家和他都一樣。也就是說即使怪異也會(huì)被另一些人所接受，D選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)被社會(huì)上一些人接受”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)被商人看不起”中的lookdownupon（看不起）與原文中的asanoutsider（看作局外人）不符合，曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“向所有人傳達(dá)叛逆和離間的信息”由第三段倒數(shù)第二句的toanotherperson（對(duì)另一個(gè)人）可知，是對(duì)少數(shù)人即能理解這種穿著的人才能傳遞出反叛和分離的信息，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“成功地展示了他的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格”沒有原文依據(jù)，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedamongpopularfashions?3.下列哪一種不屬于流行時(shí)尚？

A.Shortboots.A.短靴。

B.Baggyskirts.B.寬松的裙子。

C.Hip-hop.C.嘻哈風(fēng)格。

D.Bell-bottomjeans.D.喇叭牛仔褲。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“沒有人能說出1960年英國青少年穿的短裙和靴子是如何在巴黎的跑道上流行的，或者牛仔褲是如何在美國如此流行的，或者嘻哈是如何從布朗克斯的街頭流行到倫敦和米蘭的時(shí)裝秀的”，從中可知，只有B選項(xiàng)“寬松的裙子”在文中沒有提及。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“短靴”和C項(xiàng)“嘻哈風(fēng)格”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這兩項(xiàng)屬于流行時(shí)尚，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“喇叭牛仔褲”在最后一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“喇叭褲（bell-bottomjeans）是如何從20世紀(jì)80年代的設(shè)計(jì)師牛仔褲和靴子風(fēng)格變成90年代的寬松風(fēng)格的呢？”，可知該項(xiàng)也屬于流行時(shí)尚，反向干擾。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoffashionintermsofthispassage?4.就這篇文章而言，下列哪一項(xiàng)關(guān)于時(shí)尚是不正確的？

A.Peoplecangetsomeideasofapersonbythefashionhewears.A.人們可以通過一個(gè)人的穿著來了解他。

B.Mostofexpensiveandartisticfashionsfailtobepopularwithcommonpeople.B.大多數(shù)昂貴而有藝術(shù)感的時(shí)裝并沒有受到普通人的歡迎。

C.Thefashionworldischaracterizedbyconstantchanges.C.時(shí)尚界的特點(diǎn)是不斷變化。

D.Popularfashionsareofgreathelptotracecostumehistory.D.流行時(shí)裝對(duì)追溯服裝歷史有很大幫助。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“時(shí)尚流行幾乎不可能被追蹤（Popularfashionsareclosetoimpossibletotrace）”，可知，時(shí)尚流行幾乎不能被追蹤，那就是說流行時(shí)裝不可能對(duì)溯源服裝歷史有幫助，D選項(xiàng)“流行時(shí)裝對(duì)追溯服裝歷史有很大幫助”與原文的表述意義相反。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“人們可以通過一個(gè)人的穿著來了解他”在第三段第一句話有提到“時(shí)尚和風(fēng)格揭示了人們屬于哪個(gè)群體”，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)昂貴而有藝術(shù)感的時(shí)裝并沒有受到普通人的歡迎”根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“其中一些昂貴的藝術(shù)時(shí)尚可能會(huì)成功，成為大多數(shù)人的時(shí)尚。大多數(shù)都留在T臺(tái)上了?！?，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚界的特點(diǎn)是不斷變化”根據(jù)第二段的第一句“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化”，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

14.單選題

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsapprisedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupils’progress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsandatthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededisamorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatarechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedintheabovepassageisthat（）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（）.

3.Amethodofparent-teachercommunicationNotmentionedorreferredtobytheauthoris（）.

4.Itismostreasonabletoinferthattheauthorisa(n)（）.

5.Theauthorwouldmostapproveofwhichofthefollowingparentalactivitiestoassistinthelearningofcompositionandwritingskills?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents.

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool.

C.pa