考研考博-英語(yǔ)-烏魯木齊職業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-烏魯木齊職業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hespokeso（）thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reservedly

B.emphatically

C.determinedly

D.convincingly

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)reservedly“決然地；斷然地”；B選項(xiàng)emphatically“著重地；強(qiáng)調(diào)地；斷然地”；C選項(xiàng)determinedly“決然地；斷然地”；D選項(xiàng)convincingly“令人信服地；有說服力地”。句意：他如此令人信服地發(fā)言，以至于他的對(duì)手都被他的辯論所說服。根據(jù)句意，D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Theyhaveconsideredtheirhighstandardoflivinga(n)（

）forpracticingtheirbasicbeliefs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.award

B.reward

C.result

D.consequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。award獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品；reward回報(bào)，獎(jiǎng)賞，常與for搭配；result結(jié)果；consequence后果。句意：他們認(rèn)為自己的高生活水準(zhǔn)是對(duì)他們踐行基本信仰的一種回報(bào)。由空格前后部分的句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。答案B

3.單選題

Bothversionsofthemyth一theWestasaplaceofescapefromsocietyandtheWestasastageonwhichthemoralconflictsconfrontingsocietycouldbeplayedout—figuredprominentlyinthehistoriesandessaysofyoungTheodoreRoosevelt，thepaintingsandsculpturesofartistFredericRemington,andtheshortstoriesandnovelsofwriterOwenWister.ThesethreeyoungmembersoftheeasternestablishmentspentmuchtimeintheWestinthe1880s,andeachwasintenselyaffectedbytheadventure.Allthreehadfeltthwartedbytheconstraintsandenervatinginfluenceofthegenteelurbanworldinwhichtheyhadgrownup,andeachwentWesttoexperiencethephysicalchallengesandmoralsimplicitiesextolledinthedimenovels.WhenRooseveltarrivedin1884attheranchhehadpurchasedintheDakotaBadlands,heatonceboughtaleatherscout’suniform,completewithfringedsleevesandleggings.

EachmanalsofoundintheWestpreciselywhathewaslookingfor.ThefrontierthatRooseveltglorifiedinsuchbooksasTheWinningoftheWest(fourvolumes,1889-1896),andthattheprolificRemingtonportrayedinhiswork,wasastarkphysicalandmoralenvironmentthatstrippedawayallsocialartificeandtestedanindividual’strueabilityandcharacter.DrawingonapopularversionofEnglishscientistCharlesDarwin’sevolutionarytheory,whichcharacterizedlifeasastruggleinwhichonlythefittestandhastsurvived,RooseveltandRemingtonexaltedthedisappearingfrontierasthelastoutpostofanhonestandtruesocialorder.

ThisversionofthefrontiermythreacheditsapogeeinOwenWister’senormouslypopularnovelTheVirginian(1902)，laterreincarnatedasa1929GaryCoopermovieanda1960stelevisionseries.InWister’staletheelemental,physicalandsocialenvironmentoftheGreatPlainsproducesindividualslikehisunnamedcowboyhero,“theVirginian”，anhonest,strong,andcompassionateman,quicktohelptheweakandfightthewicked.TheVirginianisoneofnature’saristocrats—ill-educatedandunsophisticatedbutuptight,steady,anddeeplymoral.TheVirginiansumsuphisownmoralcodeindescribinghisviewofGod’sjustice:“Heplaysasquaregamewithus.”ForWister,asforRooseveltandRemington,thecowboywastheChristianknightonthePlains,indifferenttomaterialgainasheheldvirtue,pursuedjustice,andattackedevil.

Needlesstosay,thewesternmythinallitsformswasfarremovedfromtheactualrealityoftheWest.CriticsdelightedinpointingoutthatnoonesceneinTheVirginianactuallyshowedthehardphysicallaborofthecattlerange.TheidealizedversionoftheWestalsoglossedoverthedarkerundersideoffrontierexpansion—thebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare,theforcedremovaloftheIndianstoreservations,theracistdiscriminationagainstMexican-Americansandblacks,therisksandperilsofcommercialagricultureandcattlegrowing,andtheboom-and-bustmentalityrootedintheselfishexploitationofnaturalresources.

1.WhichofthefollowingisprobablythemainreasonfortheauthortomentionTheodoreRoosevelt,FredericRemingtonandOwenWister?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesTheVirginian？

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthemythoftheWestis

NOTtrue?

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthepassageis（）

5.WhatisprobablythereasonforpeopletomakeupalegendaryWest?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyglorifiedthefrontierlife.

B.Theywereconstrainedbythegenteelurbanworld.

C.TheyspentmuchtimeintheWest.

D.Theywerefamousmembersoftheeasternestablishment.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItisthebestWesternmovieevermadeinHollywood.

B.ItisapopularnovelwrittenbyOwnWisterandTheodoreRoosevelt.

C.Itgivesanaccuratedepictionofthefrontierexperience.

D.ItisoneofthemostsuccessfulbooksabouttheWest.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inoneidealizedview,theWestwasaplaceonecanescapefromsocietyanditspressures.

B.Inoneversionofthemyth,westernfrontiersmanwasdepictedasafiguredeeplyimmersedinsocietyanditsconcerto.

C.Somewritersportrayedthewesternwildernessasasimpleandinnocentsociety.

D.TheextremehardshipofthefrontierlifeisonepowerfulthemeofthelegendaryWest.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.toperpetuatethemythabouttheWest

B.tointroducethefamouswritersandpaintersoftheWest

C.todistinguishthemythoftheWestandtheactualreality

D.topresentthebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theylikedtomakeupstories.

B.Theybelievedwhattheyportrayedweretheactualreality.

C.TheyclungtothemythoftheWestasanuncomplicated,untaintedEdenofsocialsimplicity,andmoralclarityinaneraofunsettlingsocialtransformation.

D.TheywantedtomakeprofitbyluringpeopletotheWest.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下面哪一個(gè)可能是作者提到TheodoreRoosevelt、FredericRemington和OwenWister的主要原因？由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段第一句。文中提到，這三人都是傳揚(yáng)西部神話的作家和藝術(shù)家，他們的作品都對(duì)西部進(jìn)行了美化。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下面哪個(gè)陳述最能描述《弗吉尼亞人》？TheVirginian出現(xiàn)在第三段第一句。A選項(xiàng)的bestWesternmovie與原文“a1929…moive”不符合；文中沒有提到TheodoreRoosevelt與小說有關(guān)，所以排除B選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)的thefrontierexperience與“thefrontiermyth”不符合，因此排除C選項(xiàng)。這本書成功塑造了西部神話，是最成功的關(guān)于西部的書之一，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，下列哪個(gè)關(guān)于西方神話的陳述是不正確的？選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)本文第一段第一句“”；B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第二句；C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第二句；最后一段提到，《弗吉尼亞人》沒有提到theextremehardship，因此D是不對(duì)的。

4.主旨題。題干：作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是______。全文講述了西部神話的發(fā)展歷程和成功，也說到了西部神話和西部現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的區(qū)別。不是介紹著名西部作家和藝術(shù)家，因此排除B選項(xiàng)。文章只有最后提到了部分D選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容，不能代表主旨。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題干：人們?yōu)槭裁匆M成一個(gè)傳奇的西部？文章第二段提到，人們?cè)谖鞑空业搅俗约赫谧穼さ氖挛?。在混亂的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)代，西部被認(rèn)為是純粹且未受污染的伊甸園。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.翻譯題

Therolesofadmissionintotheworldeconomynotonlyreflectlittleawarenessofdevelopingpriorities,theyareoftencompletelyunrelatedtosensibleeconomicprinciples.Forinstance,WTOagreementsonantidumping,subsidiesandcountervailingmeasures,agriculture,textiles,andtrade-relatedintellectualpropertyrightslackanyeconomicrationalebeyondthemercantilistinterestofanarrowsetofpowerfulgroupsinadvancedindustrialcountries.Bilateralandregionaltradeagreementsaretypicallyfarworse,astheyimposeeventighterprerequisitesondevelopingcountriesinreturnforcrumbsofenhanced“marketaccess”.Forexample,theAfricanGrowthandOpportunityActsignedbyU.S.PresidentClintoninMay2000providesincreasedaccesstotheU.S.marketonlyifAfricanapparelmanufacturersuseU.S.producedfabricandyams.ThisrestrictionseverelylimitsthepotentialeconomicspilloverinAfricancountries.

【答案】加入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的作用在于不僅反映出人們對(duì)發(fā)展重點(diǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí)不足，而且往往與合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)原則完全無關(guān)。例如，WTO關(guān)于反傾銷、補(bǔ)貼和反補(bǔ)貼措施、農(nóng)業(yè)、紡織品以及與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)等的協(xié)議，除了發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)國(guó)家中少數(shù)強(qiáng)大集團(tuán)的重商主義利益之外，缺乏其他任何經(jīng)濟(jì)依據(jù)。而雙邊和區(qū)域貿(mào)易協(xié)定通常要糟糕得多，因?yàn)樗鼈円蟀l(fā)展中國(guó)家滿足更嚴(yán)格的先決條件，來?yè)Q取少量的“市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入”。例如，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)克林頓2000年5月簽署的《非洲增長(zhǎng)與機(jī)會(huì)法案》規(guī)定，非洲服裝制造商只有使用美國(guó)生產(chǎn)的織物和棉紗，才能擴(kuò)大進(jìn)入美國(guó)市場(chǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。這一限制嚴(yán)重限制了非洲國(guó)家潛在的經(jīng)濟(jì)溢出效應(yīng)。

5.單選題

Thefarmerwarnedthosechildrennotto_____onthecorn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.collapse

B.stripe

C.stride

D.tramp

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。collapse“倒塌，崩潰”；stripe“加條紋”；stride“跨步”；tramp“踩，走過”。句意：農(nóng)民告誡那些孩子們不要在莊稼地里踩踏。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

It’swellknownthatthebrainisafood-guzzlinggreedyguts,consuming20%ofthebody’senergythoughitonly________2%ofitsweight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accountsfor

B.contributesto

C.figuresout

D.makesupfor

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.accountsfor占……比例B.contributesto有助于，促成

C.figuresout想出，弄明白D.makesupfor補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。

【解題思路】though引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)從句內(nèi)容所得出的某種預(yù)期應(yīng)與上文“consuming20%ofthebody’senergy（消耗著身體百分之二十的能量）”之間存在相反的邏輯關(guān)系，說明該預(yù)期應(yīng)為“消耗的身體能量很少”。通常來說只有占了很多的身體重量，才會(huì)消耗更多的身體能量，由此可知從句部分所表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是“只占很少的身體重量”。accountfor指組成或形成某物的一部分，因此A選項(xiàng)accountfor“占……比例”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)contributesto“有助于，促成”指作為促進(jìn)某件事的因素，不能和“weight（體重）”進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)figuresout“想出，弄明白”指通過思考理解某事物或找到解決辦法，不符合題干的語(yǔ)義邏輯；

D選項(xiàng)makesupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”指做出行動(dòng)來糾正或改進(jìn)某事物，不符合題干的語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】眾所周知，大腦是一個(gè)狼吞虎咽的貪吃鬼，盡管它只占身體重量的百分之二，卻消耗著身體百分之二十的能量。

7.單選題

Animportantpropertyofascientifictheoryisitsabilitytospurfurtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.renovate

B.advocate

C.arouse

D.stimulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spur意為“鞭策，激勵(lì)，刺激”；renovate意為“翻新，修復(fù)，整修”；advocate意為“提倡”；arouse意為“引起”；stimulate意為“促進(jìn)，激勵(lì)，刺激”。

句意：科學(xué)理論的一個(gè)重要特性是它能夠激勵(lì)對(duì)某一特定主題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考。

8.單選題

InmostcountriesaPhDisabasicrequirementforacareerinacademia.Itisa(n)（1）totheworldofindependentresearch一akindofintellectual（2）,createdbyanapprenticeinclosecollaborationwitha(n)（3）.Therequirementstocompleteone（4）enormouslybetweencountries,universitiesandeven（5）.Somestudentswillfirsthavetospendtwoyearsworkingona（6）degreeordiploma.Somewillreceiveastipend;otherswill（7）theirownway.SomePhDs（8）onlyresearch,somerequire（9）andexaminationsandsomerequirethestudenttoteachundergraduates.A(n)（10）canbedozensofpagesinmathematics,ormanyhundredsinhistory.Asaresult,newlymintedPhDscanbeasyoungastheir（11）20sorworld-wearyforty-（12）.

OnethingmanyPhDstudentshavein（13）isdissatisfaction.Somedescribetheirwork（14）“slavelabor”.Seven-dayweeks,ten-hourdays,lowpayanduncertain（15）arewidespread.Youknowyouareagraduatestudent,（16）acomment,whenyourofficeisbetterdecoratedthanyourhomeandyouhaveafavoriteflavorof（17）noodles.“Itisn’tgraduateschoolitselfthatisdiscouraging,”saysonestudent,whoconfessestoratherenjoyingthehuntforfreepizza.“What’sdiscouragingisrealizingtheendpointhasbeenpulledoutofreach.”

WhiningPhDstudentsarenothingnew,butthereseemtobegenuineproblems（18）thesystemthatproducesresearchdoctorates(thepractical“professionaldoctorates”infieldssuchaslaw,businessandmedicinehaveamoreobviousvalue).ThereisanoversupplyofPhDs.Althoughadoctorateis（19）astrainingforajobinacademia,thenumberofPhDpositionsis（20）tothenumberofjobopenings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conclusion

B.introduction

C.steppingstone

D.milestone

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.paper

B.project

C.masterpiece

D.exercises

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.student

B.assistant

C.supervisor

D.editor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.change

B.alter

C.fluctuate

D.vary

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.subjects

B.lessons

C.sectors

D.courses

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.bachelor’s

B.doctorate’s

C.master’s

D.engineer’s

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.pay

B.find

C.fight

D.pick

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.attend

B.participate

C.take

D.involve

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.credits

B.exercises

C.classes

D.experiments

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.thesis

B.book

C.assignment

D.report

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.earlier

B.earliest

C.early

D.earliness

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.something

B.somethings

C.anything

D.anythings

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.odd

B.contradiction

C.similarity

D.common

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.of

C.to

D.as

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.prospects

B.perspectives

C.potentials

D.speculations

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.going

B.goes

C.hasgone

D.go

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.fast

B.quick

C.rapid

D.instant

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.with

C.upon

D.to

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.compared

B.designed

C.suspected

D.admitted

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.unrelated

B.uncorrelated

C.proportional

D.coincident

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:A

【解析】第1題:（1）根據(jù)原文句意：博士學(xué)位是進(jìn)入獨(dú)立研究這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的入門階段。steppingstone墊腳石，帶有貶義色彩，所以不正確；milestone里程碑。選項(xiàng)B更符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（2）句意：博士學(xué)位也是一種智力杰作，由學(xué)徒與導(dǎo)師密切合作完成。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（3）apprentice意為“徒弟”,所以填空處應(yīng)該為導(dǎo)師，選項(xiàng)C符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（4）句意:在不同的國(guó)家，不同的大學(xué)，完成一門課程的要求都有很大的不同。vary強(qiáng)調(diào)多樣性，所以更符合原文語(yǔ)境。

（5）完成一門課程應(yīng)該是各個(gè)學(xué)科的要求。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文句意。

（6）文章主要講的是博士學(xué)位，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（7）payone’sownway為固定搭配，意為“完全自費(fèi)”。句意：有些人將獲得助學(xué)金；另一些人則是完全自費(fèi)。選項(xiàng)A正確。

（8）句意：有些博士只需要從事研究。attend出席，不符合原文；participate一般與介詞in搭配；take一般不跟research搭配。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

（9）根據(jù)下文的“examinations”可知這是一種先上課然后考試的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（10）畢業(yè)需要寫論文，所以這里應(yīng)填入thesis。句意：一篇論文可以是幾十頁(yè)的數(shù)學(xué)論文，也可以是幾百頁(yè)的歷史論文。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（11）選項(xiàng)中能與年齡搭配的只有選項(xiàng)C。

（12）forty-somethings為復(fù)合詞，指“四十幾歲的人”。

（13）haveincommon“有共同之處”。句意:許多博士生都有一個(gè)共同之處，那就是感到不滿意。選項(xiàng)D符合原文句意。

（14）describe…as…為常用搭配，意為“把……形容為/描述為...”。句意：有些博士生把他們的工作描述為“奴隸勞動(dòng)”。

（15）prospects前景；perspectives視角；potentials潛力；speculations投機(jī)。根據(jù)句意:每周工作7天，每天工作10小時(shí)，工資低，前途未卜，這些現(xiàn)象都很普遍。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（16）這里采用了倒裝語(yǔ)序，陳述語(yǔ)序?yàn)?asacommentgoes，意為“有評(píng)論說”。類似于asasayinggoes。這里是將goes提前且省略了as。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

（17）根據(jù)原文可知，這里應(yīng)該指方便面或速食面。instantnoodles為常用搭配，其他選項(xiàng)均不能與noodles搭配。

（18）句意：這一體系似乎真正存在問題。with表示問題是伴隨著系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)的。

（19）句意：盡管博士學(xué)位主要是為學(xué)術(shù)研究而設(shè)計(jì)的...。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（20）句意：盡管博士學(xué)位主要是為學(xué)術(shù)研究而設(shè)計(jì)的，但博士職位的數(shù)量與職位空缺的數(shù)量卻毫無關(guān)聯(lián)。uncorrelatedto“與...毫無關(guān)聯(lián)的”。選項(xiàng)A符合原文語(yǔ)境。

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9.單選題

High-fructosecomsyrupiseasyforfoodandbeveragemakerstouse,andhas_______theformerleadingsweetener:sucrose,orordinarytablesugar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.edgedout

B.edgedin

C.edgedaway

D.edgedon

【答案】A

【解析】edgeout替代,擠掉;edgein擠進(jìn);edgeaway緩緩移動(dòng);edgeon慫恿,鼓勵(lì)。句意：高果糖玉米糖漿對(duì)食品和飲料生產(chǎn)商來說很容易使用,而且已經(jīng)取代了以前重要的增甜劑——蔗糖或普通的食糖。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.單選題

Intheearly20thcentury,fewthingsweremoreappealingthanthepromiseofscientificknowledge.Inaworldstrugglingwithrapidindustrialization,scienceandtechnologyseemedtooffersolutionstoalmosteveryproblem.Newlycreatedstatecollegesanduniversitiesdevotedthemselvesalmostentirelytoscientific,technological,andengineeringfields.ManyAmericanscametobelievethatscientificcertaintycouldnotonlysolvescientificproblems,butalsoreformpolitics,government,andbusiness.TwoworldwarsandaGreatDepressionrockedtheconfidenceofmanypeoplethatscientificexpertisealonecouldcreateaprosperousandorderedworld.AfterWorldWarII,theacademicworldturnedwithnewenthusiasmtohumanisticstudies,whichseemedtomanyscholarsthebestwaytoensurethesurvivalofdemocracy.Americanscholarsfannedoutacrossmuchoftheworld~withsupportfromtheFordFoundation,theFulbrightprogram,etc.―topromotetheteachingofliteratureandtheartsinanefforttomakethecasefordemocraticfreedoms.

IntheAmericaofourownlime,thegreateducationalchallengehasbecomeanefforttostrengthentheteachingofwhatisnowknownastheSTEMdisciplines（science,technology,engineering,andmath）.ThereisconsiderableandjustifiedconcernthattheUnitedStatesisfallingbehindmuchoftherestofthedevelopedworldintheseessentialdisciplines.India,China.Japanandotherregionsseemtobeseizingtechnologicalleadership.

Atthesametime,perhapsinevitably,thehumanities—whilestillpopularinelitecollegesanduniversities—haveexperiencedasignificantdecline.Humanisticdisciplinesareseriouslyunderfunded,notjustbythegovernmentandthefoundationsbutbyacademicinstitutionsthemselves.Humanistsareusuallyamongthelowest-paidfacultymembersatmostinstitutionsandareoftenlightlyregardedbecausetheydonotgenerategrantincomeandbecausetheyprovidenoobviouscredentials（資質(zhì)）formostnonacademiccareers.

UndoubtedlyAmericaneducationshouldtrainmorescientistsandengineers.MuchoftheconcernamongpoliticiansaboutthestateofAmericanuniversitiestodayisfocusedontheabsenceof“realworld”education—whichmeanspreparationforprofessionalandscientificcareers.Buttheideathatinstitutionsortheirstudentsmustdecidebetweenhumanitiesandscienceisfalse.Oursocietycouldnotsurvivewithoutscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.Butwewouldbeequallyimpoverished（貧困的）withouthumanisticknowledgeaswell.Scienceandtechnologyteachuswhatwecando.Humanisticthinkinghelpsusunderstandwhatweshoulddo.

Itisalmostimpossibletoimagineoursocietywithoutthinkingoftheextraordinaryachievementsofscientistsandengineersinbuildingourcomplicatedworld.Buttrytoimagineourworldaswellwithouttheremarkableworksthathavedefinedourcultureandvalues.Wehavealwaysneeded,andwestillneed,both.

1.Intheearly20thcenturyAmericansbelievedscienceandtechnologycould（）.

2.WhydidmanyAmericanscholarsbecomeenthusiasticabouthumanisticstudiesafterWorldWarII?

3.WhyareAmericanscholarsworriedabouteducationtoday?

4.Whataccountsforthesignificantdeclineinhumanisticstudiestoday?

5.Whydoestheauthorattachsomuchimportancetohumanisticstudies?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.solvevirtuallyallexistingproblems

B.helpraisepeople’slivingstandards

C.quickenthepaceofindustrialization

D.promotethenation’ssocialprogress

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywantedtoimprovetheirownstatuswithinthecurrenteducationsystem.

B.Theybelievedthestabilityofasocietydependedheavilyonhumanisticstudies.

C.Theycouldgetfinancialsupportfromvariousfoundationsforhumanisticstudies.

D.Theyrealizedscienceandtechnologyalonewerenoguaranteeforabetterworld.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheSTEMsubjectsaretoochallengingforstudentstolearn.

B.SomeAsiancountrieshaveovertakenAmericainbasicsciences.

C.AmericaislaggingbehindintheSTEMdisciplines.

D.Therearenotenoughscholarsinhumanisticstudies.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Insufficientfunding

B.Shortageofdevotedfaculty

C.Shrinkingenrollment

D.Dimprospectsforgraduates

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theypromotethedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.

B.Theyhelppreparestudentsfortheirprofessionalcareers.

C.Humanisticthinkinghelpsdefineourcultureandvalues.

D.Humanisticthinkinghelpscultivatestudents’creativity.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:scienceandtechnologyseemedtooffersolutionstoalmosteveryproblem(科學(xué)與技術(shù)似乎幾乎為所有問題提供了解決方案)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“解決幾乎所有存在的問題”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。第一段指出:TwoworldwarsandaGreatDepressionrockedtheconfidenceofmanypeoplethatscientificexpertisealonecouldcreateaprosperousandorderedworld(兩次世界大戰(zhàn)和一次大蕭條動(dòng)搖了許多人的信心，他們?cè)J(rèn)為只有科學(xué)知識(shí)才能創(chuàng)造一個(gè)繁榮有序的世界)。以及:AfterWorldWarII,theacademicworldturnedwithnewenthusiasmtohumanisticstudies,whichseemedtomanyscholarsthebestwaytoensurethesurvivalofdemocracy(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)人文主義研究產(chǎn)生了新的熱情，這在許多學(xué)者看來是確保民主生存的最佳途徑)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)識(shí)到僅有科學(xué)和技術(shù)不能保證一個(gè)更好的世界”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:ThereisconsiderableandjustifiedconcernthattheUnitedStatesisfallingbehindmuchoftherestofthedevelopedworldintheseessentialdisciplines(在這些基本學(xué)科方面，美國(guó)正落后于許多其他發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，這個(gè)擔(dān)憂是相當(dāng)合理的)。因此C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)在STEM學(xué)科上正落后”正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Humanisticdisciplinesareseriouslyunderfunded,notjustbythegovernmentandthefoundationsbutbyacademicinstitutionsthemselves(政府、基金會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)本身為人文學(xué)科所提供的資金都嚴(yán)重不足)。因此A項(xiàng)“資金不足”正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。最后一段指出:Buttrytoimagineourworldaswellwithouttheremarkableworksthathavedefinedourcultureandvalues(然而，也試著去想象我們的世界沒有定義我們文化和價(jià)值的引人注目的作品)。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為人文主義研究重要是因?yàn)槿宋闹髁x思想幫助定義了我們的文化和價(jià)值觀。故選C。

11.單選題

Inthisageofglobalization,weneedtoabandonourhistoricalideaof（

）asasinglereligiousornationalalliance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.identity

B.registration

C.dignity

D.qualification

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞辨析。identity身份；registration登記，注冊(cè)；dignity尊嚴(yán)；qualification資格。句意：在全球化時(shí)代下，我們需要擯棄視身份為單一的宗教或民族認(rèn)同的歷史觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamousperson,aparentisdeliberatelyspecifyingthewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.frivolously

B.conspicuously

C.obsessively

D.intentionally

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.frivolously輕浮地；愚昧地B.conspicuously顯著地；明顯地

C.obsessively過分地；著迷地D.intentionally故意地；有意地

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：在復(fù)制自己或某個(gè)名人的時(shí)候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子發(fā)展的方式。劃線詞deliberately意為“故意地”，選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近，因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在復(fù)制自己或某個(gè)名人的時(shí)候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子發(fā)展的方式。

13.寫作題

Directions:Chooseoneofthetwotopicstodevelopanessayofabout300word.

1.WriteapieceofArgumentationwiththetopic“Exam”.Youressayshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:

1)Showyourviewwithathesisstatement;

2)Supportyourviewwithnofewerthan2concretedetails;

3)Andconcludeyouressaywithanechototheintroduction.

2.Inordertoenhanceandcultivatecultureconfidence,theMinisteroftheMinistryofEducationproposedtoinvolvetraditionalcultureinthecurriculumoncampus.

1)Stateyouropinionabouttheproposalwithathesisstatement;

2)Supportyouropinionwithnofewerthan2concretedetail;

3)Andconcludeyouressaywithanechototheintroduction.

【答案】略

14.單選題

What______supposewouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willyou

B.doyou

C.wouldyou

D.youwould

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)序。在該句子中，doyousuppose相當(dāng)于一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，Whatwouldhappenifthe...才是一個(gè)整體，做全句的賓語(yǔ)從句。類似的表達(dá)還有doyouthink等。句意：你猜想看看，如果主管知道你那樣想之后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Hewascockyandbrashandself-mocking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insuperable

B.gawky

C.preachy

D.conceited

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)insuperable“不能克服的，無敵的”；B選項(xiàng)gawky“笨拙的，魯鈍的”；C選項(xiàng)preachy“愛講道的，愛嘮叨的”；D選項(xiàng)conceited“自負(fù)的，狂想的，逞能的”。句意：他傲慢自大，自以為是。Brash“無禮的，傲慢的，倉(cāng)促的，性急的”，D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Soilonthemountainslopesisverysusceptible（）erosion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.to

C.with

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞辨析及搭配。A項(xiàng)of“……的”，B項(xiàng)to“到、朝、對(duì)于”，C項(xiàng)with“和……”，D項(xiàng)by“由、被、到……之前”；句意：山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蝕。besusceptibleto“易受……的影響”；因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Onlybypublishingatleastfivearticlesontopjournals（

）havethechancetobepromotedtoprofessors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.teacherscan

B.canteachers

C.ateachercan

D.canateacher

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句子開頭是only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，用來修飾整個(gè)句子時(shí)，空格部分主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故需要將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞提前。句意為：只有頂級(jí)期刊上發(fā)表至少五篇論文，老師們才有機(jī)會(huì)晉升為教授。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

18.單選題

IntheOldTestament,AbrahamplainlyassumesthatGodwasunderamoral（）todistinguishbetweentherighteousandthewicked,andthathehadnorighttodealwiththemalike.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.objection

B.objectivity

C.obligation

D.observation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)objection“異議；反對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)objectivity“客觀性”；C選項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù)；職責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)observation“觀察；監(jiān)視”。句意：在舊約中，亞伯拉罕清楚地認(rèn)為上帝有道義……區(qū)分正義與邪惡，但他沒有相同的權(quán)利。主語(yǔ)是上帝，后面所說的區(qū)分正義與邪惡，是在具體地說一項(xiàng)工作。上帝完成他的工作，是他的職責(zé)與義務(wù)所在。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Oneofthepeculiaritiesofthebazaaristhatpeopledealinginthesamekindofgoodscollectinthesamearea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advantages

B.shortcomings

C.disparities

D.characteristics

【答案】D

【解析】peculiarities意為特征，特質(zhì)。advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有利條件；shortcomings缺點(diǎn)，短處；disparities不一致；characteristics特性，特征。選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近。

20.單選題

Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.Wehaveasmuchdistastefortalkingaboutpersonaldeathasforthinkingaboutit,itisanindelicacyliketalkinginmixedcompanyaboutvenerealdiseaseorabortionintheolddays.Deathonagrandscaledoesnotbotherusinthesamespecialway:wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.Itiswhenthennumbersofdeadareverysmall,andveryclosethatwebegintothinkinscurryingcircles.Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself,theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable.Wemaybeevenlesswillingtofacetheissueatfirsthandthanourpredecessorsbecauseofasecretnewhopethatmaybeitwillgoaway.Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wedobetterthanourremotestancestorsbecause（

）.

2.Whenwetalkatthedinnertableaboutawarinwhichmanypeoplelosttheirlives,weareliabletoshowour（

）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatapersonbecomesupsetaboutdeathwhen（

）.

4.Accordingtopassage,theonlyrealityweknowforsureis（

）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggestspeopledeceivethemselvesbythethoughtthat（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ourattitudeaboutdeathismoredirectandscientific

B.wehaveadeeperunderstandingofbiology

C.wecancalmlytalkaboutdeath

D.wecantalkfreelyatdinnertable

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.indignation

B.sympathy

C.indifference

D.superstition

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.heseesdeathonfilmsandtelevision

B.herealizesthatmanispowerlessbeforenature

C.helosesoneofhisrelativesorintimatefriends

D.hewitnessesdeathonagrandscale

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wearemortalbeings

B.scienceenablesustoprolongourlives

C.weallsharesomeinnerapathytowardsothers

D.wearelessevasiveaboutdeaththanourpredecessors

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.wearemoreintelligentthanourancestors

B.wecanleadnaturearoundbythenose

C.wecanbecomesmartenoughtoputdeathoff

D.wecanavoidwarinthefuture

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一句Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.我們繼續(xù)與我們最遙遠(yuǎn)的祖先分享對(duì)死亡最糾結(jié)和逃避的態(tài)度，盡管我們已經(jīng)了解了生物學(xué)的一些深刻方面。確定B選項(xiàng)‘我們對(duì)生物學(xué)有更深的理解‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘我們對(duì)死亡的態(tài)度更直接更科學(xué)’、C選項(xiàng)‘我們可以平靜地談?wù)撍劳觥?、D選項(xiàng)‘我們可以在飯桌前自由談?wù)摗环显摹?/p>

2.根據(jù)這一句話wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.我們可以圍坐在餐桌旁討論戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，涉及6000萬人的死亡，就像我們?cè)谡務(wù)搻毫拥奶鞖庖粯樱覀兛梢悦刻煸陔娪昂碗娨暽峡吹酵蝗坏难人劳?，而且是彩色的，不眨一下眼淚。確定C選項(xiàng)‘冷漠，漠不關(guān)心’正確。

3.根據(jù)文章的thennumbersofdeadareverysmall大數(shù)量的死亡是很少的。Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself：核心的問題是某人會(huì)獨(dú)自孤獨(dú)地死去。由確定C選項(xiàng)‘他失去他的某位親戚或親密朋友’符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章這一句話theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable：這是我們唯一可以肯定的客觀事實(shí)，并且是難以啟齒的，不能想象的。確定A選項(xiàng)‘我們都終有一死‘正確。B選項(xiàng)‘科學(xué)能延長(zhǎng)我們的生命‘文章沒有提及。C選項(xiàng)’我們應(yīng)當(dāng)與他人分享自己內(nèi)心的冷漠‘和D選項(xiàng)’我們比我們的袓先更無法逃避死亡‘不符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章最后一句話Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.我們喜歡思考，隱藏思想。現(xiàn)在我們用盡各種方法，似乎是我們牽著大自然的鼻子走。如果我們變得更聰明些，或許能夠避免核心的問題?？梢源_定C選項(xiàng)‘我們足夠聰明可以推遲死亡‘符合題意。

21.單選題

Bothsidesattheconflicthaveagreedtemporarilyto（）hostilities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suspend

B.reconcile

C.compromise

D.negotiate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Suspend"