考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古能源職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古能源職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.問答題

Thesecond,orproblem-oriented,approachistheexactopposite.Aspecifichistoricalquestionisformulated,usuallypromptedbyareadingofthesecondaryauthorities,andtherelevantprimarysourcesarethenstudied;thebearingthatthesesourcesmayhaveonotherissuesisignored,theresearcherproceedingasdirectlyaspossibletothepointwhereheorshecanpresentsomeconclusions.Eachmethodencounterssnags.Thesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.Theproblem-orientedapproach,soundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch.Butitisoftendifficulttotellinadvancewhatsourcesarerelevant.Aswillbeshownlater,themostimprobablesourcesaresometimesfoundtobeilluminating,whiletheobviousonesmayleadthehistorianintotoocloseanidentificationwiththeconcernsoftheorganizationthatproducedthem.Moreover,foranytopicinWesternnineteenth-ortwentieth-centuryhistory,howevercircumscribedbytimeorplace,thesourcesaresounwieldythatfurtherselectioncanhardlybeavoided,andwithittheriskofleavingvitalevidenceuntouched.

Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother,butthebalancestruckbetweenthemvariesagooddeal.Somehistoriansbegintheircareerswithanarrowlydefinedprojectbasedonalimitedrangeofsources;othersareletlooseonamajorarchivewithonlythevaguestofbriefs.Theformerisonthewholethemorecommon,becauseofthepressuretoproducequickresultsthatisimposedbythePh.Ddegree-theformalapprenticeshipservedbymostacademichistorians.Agreatdealofresearchconsistsnotinferretingoutnewsourcesbutinturningtowell-knownmaterialswithnewquestionsinmind.Yettoosingle-mindedapreoccupationwithanarrowsetofissuesmayleadtoevidencebeingtakenoutofcontextandmisinterpreted-'source-mining'asonecritichascalledit.Itisvital,therefore,thattherelationshipbetweenthehistorianandhisorhersourcesisoneofgiveandtake.Manyhistorianshavehadtheexperienceofsettingoutwithonesetofquestions,onlytofindthatthesourceswhichtheyhadsupposedwouldfurnishtheanswersinsteaddirectedtheirresearchontoquiteadifferentpath.EmmanuelLeRoyLaduriefirstturnedtotheland-taxregistersofruralLanguedocwithaviewtodocumentingthebirthofcapitalisminthatregion;hefoundhimselfinsteadinvestigatingitssocialstructureinthebroadestsense,andinparticulartheimpactofdemographicchange.

Minewastheclassicmisadventure;Ihadwantedtomasterasourceinordertoconfirmmyyouthfulconvictions,butitwasfinallythesourcethatmasteredmebyimposingitsownrhythms,itsownchronology,anditsownparticulartroth.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whatisthefirstapproachtohistoricalstudies?

3.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheproblem-orientedapproachsoundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch?

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby'"Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother"?

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbetheappropriatewayofstudyinghistoricalsources?

【答案】1.Itmainlydiscussesabouttwowaysofresearchinghistory.

2.Thesource-orientedapproach.

3.Becausethesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.

4.Theauthormeansthatweshouldusethesource-orientedapproachandproblem-orientedapproachatthesametime.

5.Combinethetwowaysofstudyinghistoryandfindabalancepoint.

2.單選題

Chemicalbombscarrychemicalagentssuchasnervegas,orbiologicalweaponssuchasthecontagiousdiseaseanthrax.

問題1選項

A.infectious

B.destructive

C.mysterious

D.incurable

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.infectious傳染性的，感染的（尤指通過呼吸）B.destructive引起破壞（或毀滅）的，破壞（或毀滅）性的

C.mysterious神秘的，不易解釋的D.incurable不能治愈的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】contagious的意思為“（疾?。┙佑|傳染的”，修飾disease，指的是傳染病，infectious與之詞義相近，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】化學(xué)炸彈含有神經(jīng)毒氣等化學(xué)物質(zhì)，或炭疽熱傳染病等生物武器。

3.單選題

Theyneedtomovetonewandlargeapartments.Doyouknowofany（）onesinthis

area?

問題1選項

A.evacuated

B.empty

C.vacant

D.vacate

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。句意：他們要到大的新公寓,需要的應(yīng)該是空房。empty和vacant都有“空”的意思，但區(qū)別在于emptyhouse表示完全不存在內(nèi)容物;vacanthouse是指可能有家具放著，但暫時無人居住的房子。因此,選項C符合句意。

4.單選題

Duringourfirstteachertrainingyear,weoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）

oflessons.

問題1選項

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意：教師培訓(xùn)的第一年，為了（）課程,我們經(jīng)常參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校。A選項observation觀察；B選項investigation調(diào)查，研究；C選項inspection檢查；D選項examination檢查，考試。選項A符合句意。

5.單選題

It’sabrandnewworld—aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.They’reonsupermarketshelves,ofcourse,butalsoinbusinessplansfordotcomstartupsandinthenamesofsportscomplexes.Brandsareinfiltratingpeople’severydaylives—bystickingtheirlogosonclothes,inconcertprograms,onsubwaystationwall,eveninelementaryschoolclassrooms.

WeliveinanageinwhichCBSnewscasterswearNikejacketsontheair,inwhichBurgerKingandMcDonald’sopenkiosksinelementary-schoollunchrooms,inwhichschoolslikeStanfordUniversityareendowedwithaYahoo!FoundersChair.Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.

“Ourintellectuallivesandourpublicspacesarebeingtakenoverbymarketing—andthathasrealimplicationsforcitizenship,saysauthorandactivistNaomiKlein.“It’simportantforanyhealthyculturetohavepublicspace—aplacewherepeoplearetreatedascitizensinsteadofasconsumers.We’vecompletelylostthatspace.”

Sincethemid-1980s,asmoreandmorecompanieshaveshiftedfrombeingaboutproductstobeingaboutideas—Starbucksisn’tslingcoffee;it’ssellingcommunity!—thosecompanieshavepouredmoreandmoreresourcesintomarketingcampaigns.

Topayforthosecampaigns,thosesamecompaniesfiguredoutwaystocutcostselsewhere—forexample,byusingcontractlaborathomeandlow-wagelaborindevelopingcountries.Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.Thissavescompaniesmoneybutobviouslyputsworkersinvulnerablesituations.IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.

Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.

46.Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellus?

47.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorstateasafactorintheincreasingpresenceofbrandsinpeoples’lives?

48.ThetextsuggeststhatmostcontractlaborersintheU.S.______.

49.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat______.

問題1選項

A.Theproblemswithcurrentcorporatepractices.

B.Thenatureofcurrentmarketingcampaignsandstrategies.

C.TheimportanceofbrandsinAmericanculture.

D.Theexcessivepresenceofbrandsandmarketinginpeople’slives.

問題2選項

A.Theaggressivenatureofcorporatemarketing.

B.Thewillingnessofschoolsandmuseumstocooperatewithprivatecompanies.

C.Thelackofgovernmentregulationsofmarketingmethods.

D.Themarketingcampaignstakeuppublicspaces.

問題3選項

A.pretendtobetemporaryworkers

B.mayhavetroublesupportingtheirfamiliesfinancially

C.haveworkconditionscomparabletothoseoflow-wageworkersoverseas

D.arelikelytoreceivehealthbenefitsfromtheiremployers

問題4選項

A.inadequatefederalfundingfacilitatedtheprivatizationofschoolsandmuseums

B.governmentreducedspendingforschoolsandmuseumsfortheircooperationwithcompanies

C.publicinstitutionsweretooquicktoacceptcorporatemarketingasasourceoffunding

D.bythe1980s,veryfewpublicinstitutionswerenotbeingfundedbycorporations

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章想要告訴我們什么？”。文章在第一段就提到It’sabrandnewworld–aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.（這是一個全新的圍繞品牌建立的世界。強勢收費、制造噪音、塑造文化的品牌無處不在。），接下來幾個段落，作者通過舉例指出品牌和營銷在人民生活中的不斷滲入，包括衣服、電視節(jié)目、公共空間和教室等，并且品牌和營銷使得公司費用增加，從而迫使公司降低員工的成本；綜合推斷可知，這篇文章主要講的是品牌和營銷在人們生活的方方面面中過度滲透，D項“品牌和營銷在人們生活中的過度存在”正確；A項“公司現(xiàn)行做法存在的問題”和B項“當(dāng)前營銷活動和策略的性質(zhì)”都只是文章的部分內(nèi)容；C項“品牌在美國文化中的重要性”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為下列哪項是品牌在人們生活中日益增多的一個因素？”。第二段最后一句提到Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.（但是，隨著品牌滲透到我們生活的方方面面，然后是過度滲透，它們背后的公司引來了更多的問題和更深入的審視，以及消費者不可避免的強烈反應(yīng)。），以及文章最后一句Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.（但企業(yè)利用了這些機構(gòu)的需求，影響太遠，用營銷計劃壓倒了公民空間。）綜合推斷，品牌在人們生活中日益增加的一個原因是品牌營銷侵略性太強，故A項“企業(yè)營銷的侵略性”正確；由文章最后一段第一句Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.（20世紀(jì)80年代，市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府對學(xué)校和博物館的開支削減相吻合。）可知，B項“學(xué)校和博物館與私營公司合作的意愿”只是市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府開支削減吻合的結(jié)果，并不符合題干；C項“市場營銷方式缺乏政府監(jiān)管”沒有提到；D項“營銷活動占用了公共空間”屬于營銷侵略性的特點。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

48.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章暗示美國大多數(shù)合同工……”。根據(jù)第五段最后一句IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.（在美國，合同勞工催生了所謂的“麥當(dāng)勞工作”，雇主和工人都假裝這些工作是臨時的，盡管做這些工作通常是設(shè)法養(yǎng)家糊口的人。）可推知，文章暗含的意思就是這些美國合同工養(yǎng)家糊口可能是有困難的，B項“養(yǎng)家糊口可能有困難”正確；A項“假裝是臨時工”在文章中明確提及了，并不是暗含的意思；C項“工作條件與海外的低薪工人相當(dāng)”沒提到；由第五段中的Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.（合同工是臨時雇傭的，按任務(wù)分配，雇主沒有義務(wù)提供任何福利，如醫(yī)療保險或長期的工作保障）可知，D項“有可能從他們的雇主那里得到健康福利”錯誤。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“我們從最后一段可以推斷出……”。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句的內(nèi)容Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.（20世紀(jì)80年代，市場營銷活動的大規(guī)模擴張與政府對學(xué)校和博物館的開支削減相吻合。這使得這些機構(gòu)非常愿意、甚至迫切地與私營企業(yè)合作。）可以推斷，學(xué)校、博物館等這些公共機構(gòu)急于通過企業(yè)營銷來削減開支，即作為一種資金的來源，故C項“公共機構(gòu)太急于接受企業(yè)營銷作為一種資金來源”符合題意；最后一段沒有提到聯(lián)邦資金，A項“聯(lián)邦資金不足導(dǎo)致學(xué)校和博物館私有化”不正確；B項“政府減少了學(xué)校和博物館與公司合作的開支”錯誤，并不是政府減少了開支，而是市場營銷；D項“到20世紀(jì)80年代，很少有公共機構(gòu)不是由公司資助的”錯誤，營銷公司幫助公共機構(gòu)的是削減開支，并不是資助。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

6.單選題

TomandRachelLeihbachei’sfriendshavealwaysbeeninstrumentalintheirlives.

問題1選項

A.approachable

B.thoughtful

C.functional

D.helpful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instrumental表示“樂器的，有幫助的，儀器的”；A項approachable“親切友善的，易理解的，可接近的”，B項thoughtful“深思的，體貼的，關(guān)切的”，C項functional“功能的”，D項helpful“有幫助的，有益的”。句意：湯姆和雷切爾雷巴赫的朋友在他們的生活中一直很有幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，instrumental在句中表示“有幫助的”，D項的意思符合句子。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

7.單選題

Scientistshavefoundthatscents（

）efficiencyandreducestressamongofficeworkers.

問題1選項

A.enhance

B.amplify

C.foster

D.magnify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。enhance意為“提高，增加”；amplify意為“放大，擴大”；foster意為“培養(yǎng)”；magnify意為“放大”。

句意：科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，氣味能提高辦公室職員的效率，減輕他們的壓力。

8.翻譯題

“失落之城”馬丘比丘坐落在秘魯熱帶山地森林，直到1911年才被美國探險家海勒姆·賓厄姆發(fā)現(xiàn)。馬丘比丘海拔2430米，為熱帶森林所包圍。它可能是印加帝國全盛時期最輝煌的城市建筑，那巨大的城墻和梯田好像是在連綿的懸崖絕壁上自然形成的一樣。古城矗立在安第斯山脈東邊的斜坡上，環(huán)繞著亞馬孫河上游的盆地。馬丘比丘廢墟是世界上最美最神秘的古代遺址之一。早在15世紀(jì)初期，印加人就在那里建起數(shù)百座石建筑，傳說和神話表明馬丘比丘曾是一個圣地。古城廢墟有宮殿、洗浴室、寺廟、貯藏室和大約150間房子，皆保存完好。這些建筑均用山頂?shù)幕疑◢弾r雕筑而成，是建筑學(xué)和美學(xué)的奇跡。

【答案】MachuPicchu,alostcitylocatedinPeru'stropicalmountainforests,wasn'tdiscoveredbyAmericanexplorerHiramBinghamuntil1911.Itstands2,430mabovesea-level,andsurroundedbytropicalforests.ItwasprobablythemostgloriousurbanbuildinginthezenithofIncaEmpire;itsgiantwallsandterracesseemlikebeencutnaturallyinthecontinuousrockcliffs.Theancientcity,ontheeasternslopesoftheAndes,surroundsthebasininupperAmazonRiver.

TheruinsofMachuPicchuareoneofthemostbeautifulandmysteriousancientsitesintheworld.WhiletheIncapeopleerectedhundredsofstonestructurestherefromtheearly1400's,legendsandmythsindicatethatMachuPicchuwasasacredplace.Theruinshavepalaces,baths,temples,storageroomsandsome150houses,allinaremarkablestateofpreservation.Thesestructures,carvedfromthegraygraniteofthemountaintop,arewondersofbotharchitecturalandaestheticgenius.

9.單選題

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

問題2選項

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

問題3選項

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

問題4選項

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertension

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttrouble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.1.最后一段的unclog可以用______代替。

A.fixA.修理

B.clearB.清除

C.hinderC.阻礙

D.dismantleD.拆卸

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段第二句“這些食物不僅能降低孩子的血壓，還能增強他們的免疫系統(tǒng)，unclog他們的管道”，可知，既然是有益的食物，當(dāng)然是能疏通和清潔管道。所以unclog的意思是“疏通”的意思，只有B項“清理，清除”意思與之相近。

【干擾項排除】A項“修理”、C項“阻礙”和D項“拆卸”都是曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies______.2.通過說“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費監(jiān)測站把孩子的手臂套在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，作者想表示______。

A.hypertensionishardtodetectA.高血壓很難檢測

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretestedB.孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測量血壓

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagroceryC.如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexaminedD.在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何檢查孩子的血壓

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段第二句“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費監(jiān)測站把你的孩子的手臂綁在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，結(jié)合上一句“你怎么知道你的孩子是不是像67萬10到18歲患有高血壓的美國孩子一樣呢？”，以及第五段一直強調(diào)檢測兒童是否高血壓，醫(yī)生需要參考特殊的表格，如果有異常的話需要醫(yī)生重復(fù)進行測試，來確保讀數(shù)為真，還要檢查是否有其他的疾病引起高血壓，第五段最后一句更是直接點明“因為高血壓很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)，國家心肺血液研究所建議每年對每個3歲以上的兒童進行血壓檢查”，可以推測出作是想表達測量高血壓并非易事，所以并不是在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店通過簡單的檢測機器就可以檢查出的，必須去醫(yī)院做檢查，故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測量血壓”原文未提及，屬于無中生有；

C項“如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢”與原文不符合，原文已經(jīng)提到雜貨店的監(jiān)測站是免費的，該項反向干擾；

D項“在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何檢查孩子的血壓”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項并不符合原文，屬于曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?3.以下哪項不是作者建議的控制高血壓的方法？

A.Drugtreatment.A.藥物治療。

B.Weightloss.B.減肥。

C.Exercise.C.鍛煉。

D.Overwork.D.過度工作。

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段最后一句“而且在大多數(shù)情況下，通過減肥和鍛煉，或者作為最后的手段，藥物治療（throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment），控制血壓可以使過度勞累的肌肉收縮到正常大小”，從中可知，控制高血壓的辦法包括減肥、鍛煉和藥物治療，只有D項“過度工作”沒有提到。故該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“藥物治療”、B項“減肥”和C項“鍛煉”都符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.4.我們可以從文章中得出______的結(jié)論？

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstrokeA.患有高血壓的兒童不太可能患心臟病和中風(fēng)

B.parent’sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressureB.父母的血壓決定孩子的血壓

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertensionC.除了超重，還有其他因素導(dǎo)致高血壓

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttroubleD.劇烈運動有時會導(dǎo)致心臟病

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“大約有一半的高血壓病例是直接由兒童超重引起的”，從這句話我們可以推斷，還有其他的因素也會導(dǎo)致高血壓。C項“除了超重，還有其他因素導(dǎo)致高血壓”符合這一分析，故該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“患有高血壓的兒童不太可能患心臟病和中風(fēng)”，在原文第三段提到，患有高血壓的兒童出現(xiàn)危險的心肌增厚，所以該項并不正確，屬于反向干擾；

B項“父母的血壓決定孩子的血壓”沒有提到，無中生有；

D項“劇烈運動有時會導(dǎo)致心臟病”，在原文最后一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“劇烈的運動也會幫助他們保持血管的健康和寬闊，降低他們的血壓”，可知，“劇烈運動有時會導(dǎo)致心臟病”與原文不符，曲解原文。

10.單選題

（

）hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhis

assignment.

問題1選項

A.Muchthough

B.Muchas

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語從句。as可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，though不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。as引導(dǎo)原因狀語的時候進行倒裝，much是用來修飾want的程度副詞

句意：因為周末他很想跟他的朋友出去玩，所以他不得不留下來完成作業(yè)。

11.單選題

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

問題1選項

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反義疑問句直接用be動詞+there。

12.單選題

AldousHuxleywasamostunfortunateman.Whenhediedin1963hemusthaveexpiredintheconfidentbeliefthattheeventwouldbegivenwidecoverageinthepressthenextday.Afterall,hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.AsaresultHuxleygotaboutthreecolumninchesatthebottomofpage27.

InthesamewaythedeathofVictorFarrishasgonewidelyunnoticedbecausehefoolishlyshuffledoffthismortalcoilatthesametimeasMr.KonstantinCherenkov.Now,asyouallknow,VictorFarriswasthechapwhoinventedthepaperclip,thepapermilkcartontoo.AndpaperclipsandmilkcartonswillbeinuselongaftereveryonehasforgottenthenameofthecomradewhocamebetweenAndropovandwhateverthisnewblokeiscalled.

ThesamegoesfortheinventorofthesupermarkettrolleywhodiedinSwitzerlandafewmonthsago.Felloffhistrolley,sotospeak.Foralliknow,hemaybeahouseholdnameinhisowncantonandtheyareputtingupastatueofhomewheelinghistrolley,andaregoingtocommemoratehimononeofthoseever-so-tastefulSwisspostagestampsweusedtocollectwhenwewereyoungerandwiser,butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.Personallyiforgotitwithinminutesofreadingofhisdecease.

Notthatitmatters.Somehowitishardtoimaginethingslikepaperclipsandsupermarkettrolleyshavinghadanamedinventor.It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.Oneassumesthattheseeverydayobjectsjusthappened,orevolvedthroughnaturalselection.

Itisn’tnecessarilyso.IreadonlytheotherdaythatRichardLiinventedthehandkerchief.AlmosteverythingelsewasinventedeitherbyLeonardodaVinci(scissors,bicycles,helicopters,andprobablyspoons,socksandtheRubikcubeaswell)orbyBenjaminFranklin(lightning-conductor,rocking-chair,bifocals)orelsebyJosephStalin(television).

It’squitepossiblethatLeonardoorBenjaminFranklinorStalinalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolley.Certainlyithasbeeninventedmorethanonce.HardlywasHerrEdelweiss(orwhatevertheSwisschapwascalled)inhisgravethannewscameofthedeathofSylvanN.Goodmanattheageof86.Sylvanalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolleyor,astheLosAngelesTimesreportcallsit,theshoppingcart.

Bethatasitmay,HerrEdelweissorSylvanGoodman,orboth,didagrandjobandmadesupermarketshoppingfarlesshellishthanitwouldotherwisebe.Thenextstepwillbetogetthetrolleysoutoftheshopsandintothestreets.Youcouldputanengineinthefrontandcallitacar.Orgiveitbigwheelsandacanopyandcallitapram.Thepossibilitiesareendless.

1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHerrEdelweiss_______.

2.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinordertoillustratethat_______.

3.Whoprobablyinventedspoons?

4.BystatingthatLeonardodaVinciinventedhelicopters,theauthormeans_______.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAldousHuxley?

問題1選項

A.wasrememberedbythepeoplealloverworld

B.madealotofmoneyfromhisinvention

C.wasnotveryfamous

D.wasabusinesspartnerofSylvanGoodman

問題2選項

A.thenamesofthepeoplewhoinventedthemostusefulthingsareusuallyforgotten

B.everydayobjectsareinventedandevolvethroughnaturalselection

C.manyeverydayobjectsareinventedmorethanonce

D.manyfamouspeoplehavepassedawaywithoutbeingnoticed

問題3選項

A.LeonardodaVinci.

B.BenjaminFranklin.

C.VictorFarris.

D.apersonunknown.

問題4選項

A.hereallydidit

B.heisamilitaryscientist

C.hepaintedinoneofhismasterpiecesahelicopters

D.peopleturntoascribeinventionstohimbuttheyarewrong

問題5選項

A.Hisdeathwasnotreportedbythepress.

B.Hewasafamousinventor.

C.Hemadeaverybigmistakeinhislateyears.

D.HediedonthesamedayasJohnF.Kennedy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“HerrEdelweiss”定位到最后兩段，這兩段提到HerrEdelweiss和SylvanGoodman都曾發(fā)明了手推車；再根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.”作者懷疑他的名字是否會在這個小國之外被人記住。也就是說，HerrEdelweiss并不出名，選項C符合原文。

2.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講很多發(fā)明了日常用品的發(fā)明家們的名字卻沒有被人們記住。選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.”這就像發(fā)現(xiàn)在某個特定的歷史時刻某個特定的人發(fā)明了勺子，椅子，或者襪子。雖然第五段第三句提到LeonardodaVinci發(fā)明了剪子、自行車、直升飛機、勺子、襪子和骰子等，但事實上作者想表達的意思是：人們只記得一些有名的人物,卻根本不知道是誰發(fā)明了這些重要的日常用品。所以本題選D。

4.和上一題一樣，作者意在說明：人們只記得一些有名的人物，喜歡把他想象成發(fā)明了很多東西的人。

5.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.”他犯的最大錯誤就是在約翰?肯尼迪遇刺的同一天死去?？芍x項D符合原文。第一段最后一句提到Huxley的死訊只出現(xiàn)在報紙第27版的末尾部分，并不是沒有報道，只是篇幅很小，所以選項A錯誤；根據(jù)“hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.”可知他并不出名；選項C理解有誤，所以本題選項D。

13.單選題

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

問題1選項

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。domestic“國內(nèi)的”；devilish“邪惡的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不尋常的”；civilian“民用的”。句意：這家報紙?zhí)峁┑男侣劧际牵ǎ┑亩皇峭鈬?。由notforeign可推知這家報紙?zhí)峁┑南⒋蟛糠质菄鴥?nèi)的，故A項符合題意。

14.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesr