考研考博-英語-北京建筑大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京建筑大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofmediumis（）.

問題1選項

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項grant“授予，允許”；B選項imply“暗示”；C選項exaggerate“夸大”；D選項remedy“補救，糾正”。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認為電視受到了不公正的批評，認為媒體的力量被夸大了。選項C符合語境。

2.單選題

Somediseasesare（

）bycertainwateranimals.

問題1選項

A.transplanted

B.transformed

C.transported

D.transmitted

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。transplant移植；transform改變，變換；transport運輸；transmit傳輸，傳播。

句意：有些疾病是由某些水生動物傳播的。這里指疾病的傳播，所以選項D正確。

3.單選題

SOMETHINGABOUTNAPLESjustseemsmadeforcomedy.Thenamealoneconjuresuppizza,andlovable,incorrigibleinnocentswarbling“OSoleMio”;anuttylittlecorneroftheworldwheretheidrunswildandtheonlyanswertothequestion“Why?”appearstobe“Whynot?”

Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.Neitherpassengernorbuswaseverseenagain.

Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?

ButNaplesactuallyisn’tsofunny.Italy’sthirdlargestcity,with1.1millionpeople,hasamuchdarkerside,wherechaosreigns:bagsnatchingandmugging,cloggedstreetsofstupefyingconfusion,wheretrafficmovestomysteriouslawsofitsownthroughmultipleintersectionswhosetrafficlightshaven’tfunctionedformonths,maybeyears—iftheyhavelightsatall.Packsofwilddogsroamthecity’smainpark.Nineteenpolicemenontheanti-narcoticssquadarearrestedforacceptingpayoffsfromtheCamorra,thelocalMafia.

TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.

Neapolitansknowtheirreputation.“Peoplethinknothingevergetsdonehere,”saidayoungprofessionalwoman.Sometimestheysay,“SurelyyoucomefromMilan.YoucomefromNaples?”

GiovannidelForno,aninsuranceexecutive,toldmeabouthisflighthomefromanorthernItaliancity,theplanewaitedonthetarmacforhalfanhourforagatetobecomeavailable.“AndIbegantohearthecommentsaroundme:“Well,hereweareinNaples,”hesaidwithawince.“Thesecommentsmakemesuffer.”

Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”

Thisisacityinwhichlivingonthebrinkofcollapseisnormal.Napleshassurvivedwars,revolutions,floods,earthquakes,anderuptionsofnearbyVesuvius.FirstawealthycolonyfoundedbytheGreeks(whocalleditNeapolis,or“newcity”),thenaflourishingRomanresort,itlivedthroughvariousincarnationsunderdynastiesofNormans,Swabians,Austrians,Spanish,andFrench,nottomentionagloriousperiodastheresplendentcapitaloftheKingdomoftheTwoSicilies.

Itwasabrilliant,cultivatedcitythatoncerankedwithLondonandParis.TheNunziatella,theoldestmilitaryschoolinItaly,stillbasksinitstwocenturiesofhistoricglory;theTeatroSanCarloremainsoneofthegreatestoperahousesintheworld.ThetreasuresofPompeiigracetheNationalMuseum.StretchedluxuriantlybetweenmountainsandseaalongthecurvingcoastoftheBayofNaples,fullofornatepalaces,gardens,churches,andworksofart,withitsmildclimateandrichfolklore,Naplesinthelastcenturywasbelovedbyartistsandwriters.Themostfamousresponsetothismagnificencewasthecommentbyanunknownadmirer,“SeeNaplesanddie.”

Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.ThebombardmentsofWorldWarIIwerefollowedbythedepredationsofprofiteersandpoliticians-for-rentwhoreducedthecitytoademoralizedshadowofitself,survivingongovernmenthandouts.Untilfiveyearsagocitygovernmentswerecobbledtogetherbywarringpoliticalfactions;somemayorslastedonlyafewmonths.Acholeraoutbreakin1973wasfollowedin1980byamajorearthquake.Itsfamousporthaswithered(thoughtheU.S.SixthFleetcommandisstillbasedjustupthecoast),industrieshavefailed,touristshavefled,nativeshavemovedout—itseemsthatonlydrugtraffickingisbooming.“Unlivable,”theNeapolitanssay,“Incomprehensible”,“Martyred”.

1.Thetwoexamplesinthesecondandthirdparagraphsintendtoshowthat______.

2.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheNortherners______.

3.TheauthorimpliesthatNeapolitans’affectionforthecity______.

4.Whentheauthorsays“Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations,”heactuallymeansthat______.

問題1選項

A.Napleshasahighincidenceoftrafficaccidents

B.anythingextraordinarycanhappeninNaples

C.peopletherelovetostorefoodforyears

D.everythingappearstobeonthewrongside

問題2選項

A.arecriticalofwhatNaplesrepresents

B.sympathizewithNeapolitans

C.sharemanythingswithNeapolitans

D.makeeveryefforttoshunNeapolitans

問題3選項

A.wasunrealistic

B.wentabittoofar

C.wasextraordinary

D.gaverisetoconcern

問題4選項

A.thecitycannowboastveryfewpoets

B.artistsandwritershaveleftforLondonandParis

C.thecityunderwentheavybombingduringtheWar

D.Thecity’spresentproblemsobscureditsgloriouspast

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“第二段和第三段中的兩個例子旨在說明……”。第二段首句提到Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.（那不勒斯：意大利糟糕的城市，在那里甚至連真相都有一種奇怪的虛構(gòu)色彩），接著第二段和第三段舉出了兩個例子：一個是Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.（一輛小汽車與一輛城市小型公共汽車追尾。公共汽車司機下車去調(diào)查。當他站在那里說話時，他唯一的乘客拿起方向盤開走了）；另外一個是Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?（在中央郵局忙碌的午餐時間，天花板上的一條裂縫裂開了，郵政工人被一大堆過期的羊角面包壓得喘不過氣來。當清潔工把裝著發(fā)霉的早餐面包卷的垃圾袋拖走時，問題來了：是誰？為什么？那上面還可能有什么？），從這兩個例子可以推知，那不勒斯這個城市的糟糕的狀況，故D項“一切似乎都是錯位的”符合題意；A項“那不勒斯的交通事故發(fā)生率很高”和C項“那里的人們喜歡把食物儲存多年”只是例子；B項“在那不勒斯，任何不尋常的事情都可能發(fā)生”表示不夠準確，這些事情并不是不尋常的，而是糟糕的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以得出結(jié)論，北方人……”。根據(jù)文章的第五段TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.（對許多意大利人來說，尤其是那些生活在富裕、工業(yè)化的北方的意大利人來說，這一切都不足為奇。對他們來說，那不勒斯意味著政治上的腐敗，浪費的聯(lián)邦補貼，猖獗的有組織犯罪，可怕的大家庭，以及狡詐、懶惰的人們，他們寧愿做一些陰暗的事情也不愿做誠實的工作。）可知，北方的意大利人對那不勒斯是批判的態(tài)度，A項“對那不勒斯所代表的東西持批評態(tài)度”正確；由此也可知B項“同情那不勒斯人”和C項“和那不勒斯人有很多共同點”不正確；D項“盡量避開那不勒斯人”，文章在此處主要是表達意大利的北方人對那不勒斯的批判，并不能推斷出他們想盡量避開那不勒斯人。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者暗示那不勒斯人對城市的感情……”。根據(jù)文章的第八段Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”（那不勒斯人可能會抱怨，但大多數(shù)人無法想象住在其他地方。這個城市有一個大家庭的親密、緊張和瘋狂，但卻有著強烈的奉獻精神。這里的人和紐約人一樣，有一種偏執(zhí)的自豪感。他們愛那些即使壞了的食物，他們喜歡做那不勒斯人。他們知道外人不懂，他們不在乎。一個女人說：“即使你走了，你仍然是這座城市的囚犯。我的城市有很多問題，但離開它我感覺很糟糕?！保┛梢酝茢喑觯诖颂幾髡甙凳灸遣焕账谷藢λ麄兂鞘械母星槭翘貏e的，是非凡的，C項“是非凡的”正確；由此也可知，A項“是不現(xiàn)實的”和D項“引起關(guān)注”不正確；B項“有點太過了”是干擾項，根據(jù)該段那不勒斯人對自己城市的描述可以知道這種情感并不顯得很夸張。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“當作者說‘如今，那些評價就沒有那么有詩意了’時，他實際上的意思是……”。文章倒數(shù)第二段講述了那不勒斯這個城市過去的輝煌和教養(yǎng)，接著最后一段第一句作者就說Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.（如今，那些評價就沒有那么有詩意了），接著就講到了那不勒斯屢屢遭受災難和不堪的現(xiàn)狀，由此可以推知，作者說這一句話的意思是那不勒斯如今的問題已經(jīng)使得過去的輝煌暗淡模糊，D項“這個城市目前的問題使它輝煌的過去痕跡模糊”正確；A項“這個城市現(xiàn)在可以夸耀的詩人很少了”，最后兩段沒有提到詩人；B項“藝術(shù)家和作家都去了倫敦和巴黎”沒有提到；C項“這座城市在戰(zhàn)爭期間遭受了猛烈的轟炸”這只是那不勒斯如今的問題使得過去的輝煌痕跡模糊的原因之一。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

4.單選題

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas（

）intropicalcountries.

問題1選項

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項prospective“未來的、預期的”；B選項prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C選項provocative“刺激的、挑撥的”；D選項perpetual“永久的、永遠的”，從句中關(guān)鍵詞“eyedisease眼疾，tropicalcountries熱帶國家”可聯(lián)系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意為：一些研究證實這種眼疾在熱帶國家很普遍。故正確答案選B。

5.單選題

Thepostofficeisnot（

）fordamagetoaparcelsentbymailunlessitisinsured.

問題1選項

A.qualified

B.liable

C.guilty

D.jealous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。qualified“合格的，有資格的”；liable“有責任的，有義務的”；guilty“有罪的，內(nèi)疚的”；jealous“妒忌的，猜疑的”。beliablefor“有……責任，有……義務”。由unless…可知郵局對沒投保的包裹的損壞不承擔責任。故B項正確。句意：郵局對郵局的包裹的損壞不承擔責任，除非這些包裹投保了。

6.單選題

Sometimes______toplacephysicsandchemistryintoseparatecategories.

問題1選項

A.thatisdifficult

B.isdifficult

C.itisdifficult

D.thatisdifficult

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：有時很難把物理和化學分成不同類別。Itisdifficulttodosth.意為“做某事很困難”，所以C選項itisdifficult符合題意。因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere______byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問題1選項

A.evoked

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.undermined

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.evoked引起，喚起（感情、記憶或形象）B.bewildered使迷惑，使糊涂

C.diverted使轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)移（某人）的注意力D.undermined逐漸削弱（信心、權(quán)威等），使逐步減少效力

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“農(nóng)民們第一次進城時，他們被城市復雜的交通系統(tǒng)______”可知，他們是對城市復雜的交通系統(tǒng)感到困惑，所以該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】農(nóng)民們第一次進城時，對城市復雜的交通系統(tǒng)感到迷惑不解。

8.單選題

Theworkintheofficewas（

）byaconstantstreamofvisitors.

問題1選項

A.confused

B.hampered

C.reversed

D.perplexed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。confuse“使混亂，使困惑”；hamper“妨礙，束縛”；reverse“顛倒，倒轉(zhuǎn)”；perplex“使……困惑，使……為難”。句意：辦公室的工作被接連不斷的來訪人員妨礙了。選項B符合題意。

9.不定項選擇題

Microsoftisnolongertheworld’sbiggestcompanybymarketcapitalization.ThereotherU.Scompanieshaveovertakenthesoftwaregiantintermsofstockmarketvalue.Thefirm’svaluehasgonedownsharplyby41%sofarthisyear,fromnearly$600billionto$358billion.Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.

OverthepastyearMicrosoftshareshavemoveddownwardsfromahighof$120to$68inearlytradingon7June.MeanwhilerivalCiscohasseenitssharepriceriseby$25tomorethan$60asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.AndformostoftheyearithasbeencompetingwithcomputerchipmakerIntelforthesecondplace.Intel’sPentiumchipsarewidelyusedinpersonalcomputersworldwide.

Thecompanythatnowholdsthetitleoftheworld’biggestcompanyisanindustrialgiantwhichmakeseverythingfromtoasterstojetengines.GEhassalesof$110billion—nearlytentimesthatofMicrosoftand340,000employeesworldwide.Ithasseenitsprofitsgrowby15%ayearto$11billion.GECapitalServices,itsfinancialsubsidiary,makeupnearlyhalfitssales.GEproducespowergenerationsystems,locomotive,medicalimagingequipmentandelectricalappliances.ItalsoowntheU.StelevisionnetworkNBCanditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.

Microsoft’ssharesnowfaceafurtherperiodofuncertaintyasthecompany’slegalbattlecontinues.Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.TheSeattlebasedfirmislikelytogotoanappealscourtonanyrulings.Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.

1.Microsoft’ssharesaredevalueddrasticallyowingto（

）.

2.CiscoSystem’ssharepricehasrisenconsiderably（

）.

3.WhichisnowthesecondbiggestcompanyintheUnitedStates?

4.WhichofthefollowingcompaniesisownedbyGeneralElectricandMicrosofttogether?

5.WhyisitdifficultforMicrosofttoretainemployees?

問題1選項

A.fiercecompetitionfromrivals

B.itsinvolvementinalawsuit

C.thecourtrulings

D.thedecreaseinsalesvolume

問題2選項

A.afterithasovertakenpartofMicrosoft’sshares

B.afterithasbeatenIntelandrisentothesecondplace

C.sinceithasgainedafirmfootinginthemarket

D.becauseitisdevelopingjointlywithMicrosoft

問題3選項

A.GeneralElectric

B.Intel

C.CiscoSystems

D.GECapitalServices

問題4選項

A.GECapitalServices

B.NBC

C.CNBC

D.MSNBC

問題5選項

A.Becauseitfacesanuncertainfuture.

B.Becauseitwillhaveprobleminnovatingitself.

C.Becauseitwillhaveproblempayingthem.

D.Becauseitmaybeboughtupbyitscompetitorsoneday.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：微軟公司市值急劇下降的原因是……。A選項“與對手的激烈競爭”；B選項“卷入到一場訴訟中”C選項“法院裁決”；D選項“銷售量的下降”根據(jù)題干定位到第一段倒數(shù)第二句話Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.（股價下跌的主要原因是正在進行的反壟斷案引發(fā)的）。所以答案是B，文中沒有提到法院的裁決所以不能選C。

第2題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：思科系統(tǒng)公司的股價上升……。A選項“在它超過了微軟的部分股份之后”；B選項“在擊敗英特爾并上升到第二位之后”；C選項“因為它已經(jīng)在市場上站穩(wěn)了腳跟”；D選項“因為它是和微軟合作開發(fā)的”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第二句話…asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.（……當該公司已經(jīng)在為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供硬件方面獲得了自己的角色），C選項是這句話的同義替換，所以答案選C；文中沒有提及股價上升的具體時間也沒有說該公司加入了微軟，所以A、B、D選項錯誤。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：那個公司是現(xiàn)在美國第二大的公司。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句話IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.（它已經(jīng)被價值5060億美元的通用電氣、價值4410億美元的英特爾和價值4360億美元的思科系統(tǒng)所超越。）微軟原本是第一，后來被這三家公司超過，排在第二的是因特爾公司，所以答案選B。

第4題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：下列哪一家公司是通用電氣和微軟共同擁有的？根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句…anditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.（以及它的金融新聞子公司CNBC，諷刺的是，這是它與微軟成立的一家提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)新聞的合資公司。），因此答案選C。

第5題:判斷推理題。題干：為什么微軟很難留住員工？A選項“因為他們面臨一個不確定的未來”B選項“因為他們很難做到創(chuàng)新”；C選項“因為它將發(fā)不出工資”；D選項“因為總有一天它會被對手買下”根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第二句話Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.（該公司還可能在招聘和留住員工方面面臨困難，這些員工的工資由他們的股票期權(quán)推動）和第四句話Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.（如果競爭對手提起訴訟，它可能會遭受更大的損失，而競爭對手則可以就其遭受的任何損失要求三倍的賠償）。從這兩句可以看出員工工資隨著股票的漲動而動，但是微軟可能還會遭受另一些訴訟，所以答案選A，C選項文章沒有提及；定位到文章最后一段最后一句話Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.（由于公司的能源和資源都被官司纏身，該公司可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)在未來很難繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新，或采取激進的行動收購競爭對手。）由此可知文章指的是微軟現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不能把對手買下了，不是被對手買下，所以錯誤；而不能創(chuàng)新不是不能留住員工的原因，所以C不能選。

10.單選題

Studentswith（）problemsmayapplyforstudentloans.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.financial

C.nabobery

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項economic“經(jīng)濟上的”。B選項financial“財政的”。C選項nabobery“財主常去的地方”。D選項economical“節(jié)約的，合算的”。句意：有財務問題的學生可以申請學生貸款。因此B選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Themeaningofthispoemisvery（）;Ireallydonotunderstandit.

問題1選項

A.imprecise

B.illegible

C.obscure

D.dull

【答案】C

【解析】imprecise不精確，不確切；illegible難以辨認的，字跡模糊的；obscure晦澀難懂的；dull乏味的。根據(jù)下句：我無法理解它，說明這首詩的意義是晦澀難懂的，所以選項C符合語境。試題答案

12.單選題

Coldcompresseseasethepainofthephysicalinjury,butonlytimecould______theeffectoftheinsult.

問題1選項

A.alleviate

B.decelerate

C.缺

D.perish

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項alleviate“減輕，緩和”；B選項decelerate“減速，降低速度”；C選項暫缺；D選項perish“使麻木；毀壞；死亡；毀滅；腐爛；枯萎”。句意：冷敷可以減輕身體受到的傷害，但只有時間才能______受侮辱的影響。影響應用減輕，而不用減速和毀滅，所以A選項正確。

13.單選題

Thisistheworld’sfirstaccurate（

）modelofhumanheartincomputer.

問題1選項

A.laboring

B.working

C.living

D.liking

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。laboring意為“勞動的”；working意為“工作中的，運行中的”；living意為“活著的”；liking意為“喜愛的”。

句意：這是世界上第一個用計算機精確模擬的工作中的人的心臟。

14.單選題

Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher.Onenteringsecondaryschool,anewworldopensupandfrequentlyitisamuchmoredifficultworld.Thepupilsoonlearnstobelessfreeinthewayhespeakstoteachersandeventohisfellowuppupils.Hebeginstolosegraduallythefreeandeasywaysoftheprimaryschool,forhesensestheneedforamorecautiousapproachinthesecondaryschoolwherethereareolderpupils.Secondarystaffandpupilssufferfromthepressureofacademicworkandseemtohavelesstimetostopandtalk.Teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff.Hehastodecidewhichadultsareapproachable;goodschoolswillmakecleartoeveryyoungpersonfromthefirstyearwhatguidanceandpersonalhelpisavailablebutwhethertherealityoflifeintheinstitutionactuallyencouragesrequestsforhelpisanothermatters.

Adultsoftenforgetwhataconfusingpictureschoolcanoffertoachild.Heseesagreatdealofmovement,agreatnumberofpeople-oftenratherfrightening-lookingpeople-andrealizesthatanincreasingnumberofchoicesanddecisionhavetobemade.Asheprogressesthroughtheschooltheconfusionmaybecomelessbutthechoicesanddecisionsrequiredwillincrease.Theschoolwillrightlyexpectthepupiltotakethefirststepstoobtainthehelpheneeds,forthisisthepatternofadultlifeforwhichhehastobeprepared,butallthetimetheopportunitypersonalandgroupadvicemustbepresentedinawaywhichmakesthemeasytounderstandandwithineasyreachofpupils.

1.Accordingtothepassageoneoftheproblemsforpupilsenteringsecondaryschoolsisthat

（

）

2.Insecondaryschoolseverypupilhavingproblemsshould（

）.

3.Inthispassageaboutsecondaryschools,theauthorismainlyconcernedabout（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.theyaretaughtbymanydifferentteachers

B.theydonotattendlessonsineverysubject

C.theteachersdonotwanttobefriendly

D.theteachersgivemostattentiontothemoreacademicpupils

問題2選項

A.knowhowtoaskforhelp

B.befreefromanypressureofacademicwork

C.toabletodiscusshisproblemsinclass

D.beabletodiscusshisproblemswithanyteacher

問題3選項

A.academicstandards

B.theroleofspecialistteachers

C.thetrainingoftheindividualteachers

D.thepersonaldevelopmentofpupils

問題4選項

A.Pupilswillformrelationshipwitholdpupilsratherthanteachers.

B.Thesettingoftheprimaryschooliscomparativelysimplerthanthatofthesecondaryschool.

C.Alltheteachersinthesecondaryschoolareratherfrightening-looking.

D.Pupilshaveopportunitiestogethelpfromanyteacherinthesecondaryschool.

問題5選項

A.Thedifferencebetweentheprimaryschoolandthesecondaryschool.

B.Themethodthatpupilsgethelpfromtheteachers.

C.Thepersonaldevelopmentofthepupilsinthesecondaryschool.

D.Thefunctionofthesecondaryschool.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff提到老師每周要與幾百個孩子打交道，學生們很少能和老師形成密切的關(guān)系。因而能夠推斷學生們進入中學后會面對更多的老師，選項A符合題意。

2.文章第一段最后一句提到好的學校會讓學生們清楚知道他們可以尋求哪些老師的幫助。第二段又指出學校應該期望學生們開始學習如何尋求他所需的幫助，選項A符合題意。

3.文章主要在講述學生們從小學到初中經(jīng)歷的環(huán)境的巨大的變化，他們的感受，以及學校和老師應該采取什么方式來應對學生們的這些變化。由此可知，作者關(guān)注的是學生們的成長。選項D符合題意。

4.文章第一句Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher提到小學的環(huán)境相對于單純，選項B符合題意。

5.文章主要是在講述學生們步入中學后面臨的一些問題，以及學校和老師就這些問題采取的一些措施，作者關(guān)心的是學生們的成長，所以選項C符合題意。

15.單選題

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

問題1選項

A.spacious

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項spacious“寬敞的；無邊無際的”；B選項sufficient“足夠的；充分的”；C選項wide“廣泛的；寬的”；D選項wretched“可憐的；卑鄙的；令人苦惱的”。句意：布朗一家住在郊區(qū)一幢……又整潔舒適的房子里。被修飾詞是“房子”，用“寬敞的”最合適。A選項正確的。

16.單選題

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

問題1選項

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。blatant“喧囂的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“顯而易見的”。句意：毫無疑問，不誠實或秘密獲取的信息通常是壓倒性的證據(jù)，表明這種信息是機密的，不屬于辯護人員技能和知識的一部分。選項B符合題意。

17.單選題

ImaystillbefeelingtheeffectsofanesthesiawhenIcomehomefromthehospital,soIhopeyouarewillingtoaccompanywithmetheretomorrowandbringmeback.

問題1選項

A.maystillbefeeling

B.whenIcomehomefromthe

C.arewilling

D.accompanywithme

E.沒有問題

【答案】D

【解析】固定短語誤用。去掉with。由關(guān)鍵詞“there那里”知這里表示“陪我到那里”意思，這里應用accompanysb.tosomewhere陪某人到某地”，再由there“在那里”這個副詞前一般不用i詞to（如gothere“去那里”）知這里直接去掉with就可以了。accompanywithsb.意思為“陪伴某人”（后面一般不接表示地點的副詞）。

18.單選題

Don’tworryabouthim;Idon’tthinkhecomesintothe______atall.

問題1選項

A.picture

B.sight

C.file

D.case

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項picture“圖片（comesintothepicture牽連進去）”；B選項sight“視力（comesintothesight進入視線）”；C選項file“文件夾”；D選項case“具體情況，事例”。句意：不要擔心他；我認為他根本沒有______。根據(jù)語境和固定搭配，A選項picture比較符合語境，意思指我認為這件事與他無關(guān)，所以不用擔心他會出什么事。因此A選項正確。

19.單選題

Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasaglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”:toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographic(人口統(tǒng)計學)growthto“along,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes”.

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory.Wefindthatpopulationhavebeenreallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttoknow.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighrateofdeath.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Andaperiodofrapidgrowthsince1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedformsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2020therewillbe8billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“populationasaglobalissue”（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromtheexampleofapowerfusethat（）.

3.Whatleadstoastablegrowthofpopulationformostofhumanhistory?

4.Thereasonforarapidgrowthofpopulationliesinthefactthat（）.

5.Howmanypeopleareborneverysixhoursatpresent,accordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項

A.isquiteunlikethepopulationproblemandthusdoesn’tneedourconcern

B.focusesontrackingdownthereasonofrapidpopulationgrowth

C.dealswiththesameproblemarousedbythepopulationproblem

D.willmanagethepopulationgrowthproblemfromglobalperspectives

問題2選項

A.toomuchpopulationwillonedayleadtothedoomofhumanbeings

B.thetrendofpopulationgrowthwillkeepunsteadyuntilthedestructionofEarth

C.demographicgrowthwillfollowacertainpatternofupsanddowns

D.itislikelyinthenearfuturethatpopulationwillreducegradually

問題3選項

A.Speciescompetition

B.Lowfertility

C.Tribalfights

D.Highrateofdeath

問題4選項

A.peoplearepermittedtohavemorechildren

B.peoplecanlivebetterthanbefore

C.newbornbabiesdielessthanbefore

D.wehavefoundthesecretoflongevity

問題5選項

A.Eightymillion.

B.Eightthousand

C.Fiftythousand

D.Fivemillion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。原文首段第一句提及“Wecanbeginourdiscussionof‘populationasaglobalissue’withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss‘thepopulationproblem’…當大多數(shù)人在討論‘人口問題’的時候，我們也可以開始‘人口作為一個全球問題’的討論。”由此可知，這兩個問題是一樣的，都是由人口問題引發(fā)的，所以選項C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“powerfuse”定位到第一段最后一句“Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographicgrowthto‘a(chǎn)long,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes’.它很正確地使用了一個類似的問題，即把人口增長與‘一根又長又細的電源保險絲，它不時地穩(wěn)定燃燒，直到最終達到極限并爆炸’聯(lián)系起來。”由此可知，作者是想通過電源保險絲的例子告訴我們，人口過多總有一天會導致人類的滅亡，所以選項A正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.在人類歷史的大部分時間里，很少會有十分之一的人活過四十歲，而在這個時期，嬰兒期和兒