考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院中瑞酒店管理學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院中瑞酒店管理學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(輟學(xué)者)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.Somehaveplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.

Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent,andinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.

Discussingthestudylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated‘becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPh.D.programswerecapableofcompetingtherequirementforthedegree.Attrition(縮/減員，磨損)atthePh.D.levelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.’

“Theresultsofourresearch,”Dr.Tuckerconcluded,“didnotsupporttheseopinions.”

1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.

2.Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialities.

3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.

Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPh.D.program,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.

Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePh.D.swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePh.D.sshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.stendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.

Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.

31.Theauthorstatesthatmanyeducatorsfeelthat___.

32.Researchhasshownthat___.

33.MeetingforeignlanguagerequirementsforthePh.D.___.

34.Afterreadingthearticle,onewouldrefrainfromconcludingthat___.

35.Itcanbeinferredthatthehighrateofdropoutsliesin___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stepsshouldbetakentogetthedropoutsbacktocampus

B.thedropoutsshouldreturntoalowerqualityschooltocontinuetheirstudy

C.thePh.

D.holderisgenerallyabetteradjustedpersonthanthedropoutD.thehighdropoutsrateislargelyattributabletothelackofstimulationonthepartoffacultymembers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.dropoutsaresubstantiallybelowPh.D.sinfinancialattainment

B.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studies

C.D.sinfinancialattainmentB.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studiesC.

D.sinfinancialattainmentB.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studiesC.thePh.D.candidateislikelytochangehisfieldofspecializationifhedropsoutD.aboutone-thirdofthosewhostartPh.D.workdonotcompletetheworktoearnthedegree

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isthemostfrequentreasonfordroppingout

B.ismoredifficultforthesciencecandidatethanforthehumanitiescandidate

C.isanessentialpartofmanyPh.

D.programsD.doesnotvaryindifficultyamonguniversities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.optimismreignsinregardtogettingPh.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegree

B.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree

C.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegreeB.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegreeC.

D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegreeB.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegreeC.collegesanduniversitiesemployasubstantialnumberofPh.D.dropoutsD.Ph.D.sarenotearningwhattheydeserveinnonacademicpositions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.salaryforPh.D.toolow.

B.academicrequirementtoohigh.

C.D.toolow.B.academicrequirementtoohigh.C.

D.toolow.B.academicrequirementtoohigh.C.salaryfordropoutstoohigh.D.1000positions.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文定位到第一段開(kāi)頭Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(輟學(xué)者)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.（教育工作者非常關(guān)注哲學(xué)博士候選人的高輟學(xué)率，以及一個(gè)需要博士生的國(guó)家隨之而來(lái)的人才流失）以及第三段SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.（一些人認(rèn)為，通過(guò)說(shuō)服輟學(xué)者回到研究生院攻讀博士學(xué)位，可以減少受過(guò)良好訓(xùn)練的專家和大學(xué)教師的短缺）可知一些人希望采取措施說(shuō)服輟學(xué)者重回校園，選A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該采取措施讓輟學(xué)者重返校園”；B選項(xiàng)“那些輟學(xué)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該回到質(zhì)量較低的學(xué)校繼續(xù)他們的學(xué)業(yè)”，C選項(xiàng)“擁有博士學(xué)位的人通常比輟學(xué)的人更能適應(yīng)環(huán)境”以及D選項(xiàng)“高輟學(xué)率很大程度上是由于教員缺乏激勵(lì)”和原文不符合。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

32.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段開(kāi)頭Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent（調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，輟學(xué)率為31%）可知輟學(xué)人數(shù)占據(jù)三分之一，D選項(xiàng)“大約三分之一開(kāi)始攻讀博士學(xué)位的人沒(méi)有完成學(xué)業(yè)獲得學(xué)位”符合原文；第二段結(jié)尾Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.（他們不僅經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況良好，而且，根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，他們的收入水平并不比那些繼續(xù)攻讀博士學(xué)位的人低多少）可知A選項(xiàng)“在經(jīng)濟(jì)成就方面，輟學(xué)者大大低于博士”和原文相悖；原文1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.（1.缺乏動(dòng)力是退學(xué)的主要原因）可知B選項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)因素是攻讀博士學(xué)位的次要因素”和原文相悖；原文3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.（3.大多數(shù)輟學(xué)者現(xiàn)在從事與他們的教育和動(dòng)機(jī)相一致的工作）可知C選項(xiàng)“如果博士候選人輟學(xué)，他很可能改變他的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域”和原文相悖。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“foreignlanguagerequirements”定位到原文倒數(shù)第三段butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.（但那些提到學(xué)術(shù)原因的人以未能通過(guò)資格考試、未完成研究和未能通過(guò)語(yǔ)言考試為由）可推測(cè)出外語(yǔ)要求是博士生課程的基本組成部分，選C選項(xiàng)“是許多博士項(xiàng)目的重要組成部分”；倒數(shù)第三段Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision（近75%的退學(xué)者表示，他們的決定沒(méi)有學(xué)術(shù)原因）可知學(xué)術(shù)原因不是導(dǎo)致退學(xué)的主要原因，A選項(xiàng)“是退學(xué)最常見(jiàn)的原因”不符合原文；B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)理科考生來(lái)說(shuō)比人文學(xué)科考生來(lái)說(shuō)更難”以及D選項(xiàng)“不同的大學(xué)在難度上沒(méi)有太大的差別”原文未涉及。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文最后一段開(kāi)頭Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.（至于讓輟學(xué)學(xué)生重返校園的可能性，前景不容樂(lè)觀）可知無(wú)法得出A選項(xiàng)“在讓從博士學(xué)位輟學(xué)的人重新攻讀學(xué)位的問(wèn)題上，樂(lè)觀主義占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位”這一結(jié)論；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)從博士學(xué)位退學(xué)的人，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有獲得學(xué)位所需要的條件”以及C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)院和大學(xué)雇傭了許多退學(xué)學(xué)生”文章無(wú)提及，因此也沒(méi)有能從文章得出這個(gè)結(jié)論這一說(shuō)，排除；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.s.tendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.（這也可能表明這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在博士能掙到最高工資的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，高工資仍然落后于其他領(lǐng)域）可以推測(cè)出D選項(xiàng)“博士們?cè)诜菍W(xué)術(shù)崗位上掙的錢比不上他們應(yīng)得的”，排除。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.s.tendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.（這也可能表明這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在博士能掙到最高工資的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，高工資仍然落后于其它領(lǐng)域）以及最后一段Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.（至于返回校園的可能性，前景不樂(lè)觀。至少有25%的退學(xué)生可能考慮返回研究生院就讀，條件是保證他們保留現(xiàn)有的收入水平，有些還要保留他們目前的工作）推測(cè)出高輟學(xué)率主要在于博士的薪水太低，選A選項(xiàng)“博士的薪水太低”；倒數(shù)第三段Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision（近75%的退學(xué)者表示，他們的決定沒(méi)有學(xué)術(shù)原因）可知學(xué)術(shù)要求太高不是導(dǎo)致退學(xué)的主要原因，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)術(shù)要求太高”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.（他們不僅經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況良好，而且，根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，他們的收入水平并不比那些繼續(xù)攻讀博士學(xué)位的人低多少）可知C選項(xiàng)“輟學(xué)者的薪水太高”屬于過(guò)度推斷；D選項(xiàng)“1000個(gè)職位”和原文不符。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thequantumtheorystates（

）,aslight,isgivenoffandabsorbedindefiniteunitscalledquantaorphotons.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.energythat

B.thatitisenergy

C.itisenergy

D.thatenergy

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。states是謂語(yǔ)，后面接一個(gè)句子做賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句需要一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞that,另外賓語(yǔ)從句還缺少主語(yǔ)，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：量子理論認(rèn)為，能量，比如光，是以量子或光子的基本單位來(lái)釋放和吸收的。

3.單選題

Wemustgetthetrappedvictimsoutatoncebecausethebuildingisin（

）dangerofanexplosion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.opaque

B.vivid

C.mute

D.imminent

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。opaque不透明的，遲鈍的；vivid生動(dòng)的；mute沉默的，無(wú)聲的；imminent即將來(lái)臨的，迫近的。

句意：我們必須立即把被困的受害者救出來(lái)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)建筑有馬上要爆炸的危險(xiǎn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Thedeanaskedthesecretaryiftherewereenoughpeople（）toholdafacultymeeting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.onhand

B.onaverage

C.onpurpose

D.onend

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)onhand“在手邊；在場(chǎng)；臨近；現(xiàn)有”；B選項(xiàng)onaverage“平均”；C選項(xiàng)onpurpose“故意地”；D選項(xiàng)onend“連續(xù)地；豎著”。句意：院長(zhǎng)問(wèn)秘書(shū)（）的人數(shù)是否足夠到可以召開(kāi)教師會(huì)議。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，onhand“在場(chǎng)”修飾people比較合理。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Wedon’tbelieveher______aboutthewonderfulthingsthathappenedtoher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.miniatures

B.romances

C.consensus

D.chaos

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)miniature“縮圖，微型畫(huà)”，B項(xiàng)romance“傳奇，浪漫史，風(fēng)流韻事，虛構(gòu)”，C項(xiàng)consensus“一致，輿論，合意”，D項(xiàng)chaos“混沌，混亂”。根據(jù)句子意思“關(guān)于發(fā)生在她身上的奇妙的事情，我們不相信她的……”可知，空格處表示“夸張，虛構(gòu)”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我們不相信她對(duì)發(fā)生在她身上的美妙事情的虛構(gòu)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

OrdinaryAspirinisTrulyaWonderDrugAmericansthisyearwillswallow15,000tonsofaspirin,oneofthesafestandmosteffectivedrugsinventedbyman.Themostpopular(1)intheworldtoday,itisaneffectivepainreliever.Itsbadeffectsarerelativelymild,(2)itischeap.

Formillionsofpeople(3)fromarthritis,itistheonlythingthatworks.Aspirin,inshort,istrulythe20thcentury(4)drug.Itisalsothesecond(5)suicidedrugandistheleading(6)ofpoisoningamongchildren.Ithassideeffects(7),althoughrelatively(8),arelargelyunrecognizedamongusers.

AlthoughaspirinwasfirstsoldbyaGermancompanyin1899,ithasbeenaround(9)longerthanthat.Hippocrates,inancientGreece,understoodthemedicalvalueoftheleavesandtreebarkwhichtodayareknownto(10)salicylates,thechemicalinaspirin.Duringthe19thcentury,therewasagreat(11)ofexperimentationinEuropewiththischemical,andit(12)totheintroductionofaspirin.By1915,aspirintabletswere(13)intheUnitedStates.

Asmallquantityofaspirin(twofive-graintablets)(14)painandintimation.Italsoreducesfeverbyinterfering(15)someofthebody’sreactions.Specifically,aspirinseemstoslowdowntheformationoftheacids(16)inpainandthecomplexchemicalreactionsthatcausefever.Thechemistryoftheseacidsisnotfullyunderstood,butthe(17)effectofaspiriniswell-known.

Aspirinisveryirritatingtothestomachliningandmanyaspiring(18)complainaboutupsetstomach.Thereisarightwayanda(19)waytotakeaspirin.Thebestwayistochewthetabletsbeforeswallowingthemwithwaterbutfewpeoplecan(20)thebittertaste.Somepeoplesuggestcrushingthetabletsinmilkororangejuiceanddrinkingthat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.killer

B.thing

C.medicine

D.invention

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.yet

C.but

D.and

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.troubled

B.suffering

C.losing

D.dying

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.effective

B.wonder

C.safest

D.miracle

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.largest

B.larger

C.effective

D.known

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.user

B.taker

C.reason

D.cause

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.they

C.many

D.what

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.formidable

B.unknown

C.mild

D.great

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.lot

B.much

C.many

D.great

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.detain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.contain

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.deed

B.sum

C.deal

D.many

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.moved

B.led

C.followed

D.brought

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.discovered

B.invented

C.valuable

D.available

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.releases

B.leaves

C.causes

D.relieves

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.through

B.upon

C.with

D.by

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.engaged

B.involved

C.engrossed

D.mixed

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.slowing

B.side

C.bad

D.worsening

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.makers

B.takers

C.givers

D.doer

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.better

C.wrong

D.left

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.stand

B.understand

C.putup

D.bore

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:D

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)killer“殺手”；B選項(xiàng)thing“東西”；C選項(xiàng)medicine“藥品”；D選項(xiàng)invention“發(fā)明”。句意：它是當(dāng)今世界上最流行的藥物。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)although“雖然”；B選項(xiàng)yet“然而”；C選項(xiàng)but“但是”；D選項(xiàng)and“而且”。句意：它的不良影響相對(duì)溫和，而且價(jià)格便宜。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)troubled“煩惱”；B選項(xiàng)suffering“受苦”；C選項(xiàng)losing“失去”；D選項(xiàng)dying“死亡”。句意：對(duì)于數(shù)百萬(wàn)患有關(guān)節(jié)炎的人來(lái)說(shuō)。sufferfrom是固定搭配，表示患……病。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)effective“有效”；B選項(xiàng)wonder“神奇”；C選項(xiàng)safest“最安全”；D選項(xiàng)miracle是名詞“奇跡”。句意：簡(jiǎn)而言之，阿司匹林確實(shí)是20世紀(jì)的神奇藥物。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)largest“最大”；B選項(xiàng)larger“較大”；C選項(xiàng)effective“有效”；D選項(xiàng)known“已知”。句意：它也是第二大自殺藥物。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)user“使用者”；B選項(xiàng)taker“接受者”；C選項(xiàng)reason“理由”，指從邏輯推理上得出的結(jié)論性原因；D選項(xiàng)cause“原因”，指直接導(dǎo)致事情發(fā)生的原因。句意：也是兒童中毒的主要原因。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：它的副作用在很大程度上未被使用者所意識(shí)到。只有A選項(xiàng)that能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)formidable“可怕”；B選項(xiàng)unknown“未知”；C選項(xiàng)mild“輕微”；D選項(xiàng)great“偉大”。句意：它的副作用雖然相對(duì)輕微。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。much后面接形容詞比較級(jí)，表示加強(qiáng)比較級(jí)的語(yǔ)氣。句意：但它的歷史要比這長(zhǎng)得多。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)detain“扣留”；B選項(xiàng)retain“保留”；C選項(xiàng)maintain“維持”；D選項(xiàng)contain“包含。句意：如今人們知道它們含有水楊酸鹽。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在歐洲有很多關(guān)于這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)。agreatdealof是固定搭配，表示大量。A，B，D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有這種搭配。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)moved“移動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)led“導(dǎo)致”；C選項(xiàng)followed“跟隨”；D選項(xiàng)brought“帶來(lái)”。句意：導(dǎo)致了阿司匹林的出現(xiàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，A選項(xiàng)discovered“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)invented“發(fā)明”是動(dòng)詞，排除A，B。C選項(xiàng)valuable“有價(jià)值”；D選項(xiàng)available“可用”。句意：阿司匹林藥片在美國(guó)上市。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)releases“釋放”；B選項(xiàng)leaves“離開(kāi)”；C選項(xiàng)causes“導(dǎo)致”；D選項(xiàng)relieves“緩解”。句意：少量的阿司匹林可以緩解疼痛。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)through“穿過(guò)”；B選項(xiàng)upon“在……之上”；C選項(xiàng)with“和……一起”；D選項(xiàng)by“通過(guò)”。句意：它還通過(guò)干擾身體的某些反應(yīng)來(lái)降低發(fā)燒。interferewith是固定搭配，表示干擾。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)engaged“從事”；B選項(xiàng)involved“相關(guān)”；C選項(xiàng)engrossed“沉迷”；D選項(xiàng)mixed“混合”。句意：阿司匹林似乎可以減緩與疼痛和導(dǎo)致發(fā)燒的復(fù)雜化學(xué)反應(yīng)有關(guān)的酸的形成。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文聯(lián)系。A選項(xiàng)slowing“放慢”；B選項(xiàng)side“側(cè)面”；C選項(xiàng)bad“壞的”；D選項(xiàng)worsening“惡化”。句意：這些酸的化學(xué)成分尚未完全了解，但阿司匹林的減緩作用是眾所周知的。這一段說(shuō)的都是阿司匹林的緩解作用。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)makers“制造者”；B選項(xiàng)takers“接受者”；C選項(xiàng)givers“給予者”；D選項(xiàng)doer“實(shí)施者”。句意：許多服用阿司匹林的人都抱怨說(shuō)胃不舒服。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“好的”；B選項(xiàng)better“更好的”；C選項(xiàng)wrong“錯(cuò)誤的”；D選項(xiàng)left“左邊的”。句意：服用阿司匹林有正確的方法和錯(cuò)誤的方法。和上文的rightway相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)stand“忍受”；B選項(xiàng)understand“理解”；C選項(xiàng)putup“提供”；D選項(xiàng)bore“使煩擾”。句意：但很少有人能忍受這種苦味。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Sincehisinjurywasserious,thedoctorsuggestedthathe（）inthegame.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didnotplay

B.mustnotplay

C.notplay

D.nottoplay

【答案】C

【解析】suggest表建議時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

AmongtheastronomersofancientGreece,twotheories（）concerningtheplaceoftheearthintheuniverse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.developing

B.indevelopment

C.developed

D.whichtheydeveloped

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法題?？疾橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子主語(yǔ)為twotheories（兩種理論），空格后面的“concerning”為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，因此空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有C項(xiàng)可做謂語(yǔ)。句意：古希臘的天文學(xué)家創(chuàng)立了兩種關(guān)于地球在宇宙中的位置的理論。

9.單選題

A“scientific”viewoflanguagewasdominantamongphilosophersandlinguistswhoaffectedtodevelopascientificanalysisofhumanthoughtandbehaviorintheearlypartofthiscentury.Undertheforceofthisview,itwasperhapsinevitablethattheartofrhetoricshouldpassfromthestatusofbeingregardedasofquestionableworth(becausealthoughitmightbebothasourceofpleasureandameanstourgepeopletorightaction,itmightalsobeameanstodistorttruthandasourceofmisguidedaction)tothestatusofbeingwhollycondemned.Ifpeopleareregardedonlyasmachinesguidedbylogic,astheywerebythese“scientific”thinkers,rhetoricislikelytobeheldinlowregard;forthemostobvioustruthaboutrhetoricisthatitspeakstothewholeperson.Itpresentsitsargumentsfirsttothepersonasarationalbeing,becausepersuasivediscourse,ifhonestlyconceived,alwayshasabasisinreasoning.Logicalargumentistheplot,asitwere,ofanyspeechoressaythatisrespectfullyintendedtopersuadepeople.Yetitisacharacterizingfeatureofrhetoricthatitgoesbeyondthisandappealstothepartsofournaturethatareinvolvedinfeeling,desiring,acting,andsuffering.Itrecallsrelevantinstancesoftheemotionalreactionsofpeopletocircumstances—realorfictional—thataresimilartoourowncircumstances.Suchisthepurposeofbothhistoricalaccountsandfablesinpersuasivediscourse:theyindicateliterallyorsymbolicallyhowpeoplemayreactemotionally,withhopeorfear,toparticularcircumstances.Aspeechattemptingtopersuadepeoplecanachievelittleunlessittakesintoaccounttheaspectoftheirbeingrelatedtosuchhopesandfears.

Rhetoric,then,isaddressedtohumanbeingslivingatparticulartimesandinparticularplaces.Fromthepointofviewofrhetoric,wearenotmerelylogicalthinkingmachines,creaturesabstractedfromtimeandspace.Thestudyofrhetoricshouldthereforebeconsideredthemosthumanisticofthehumanities,sincerhetoricisnotdirectedonlytoourrationalselves.Ittakesintoaccountwhatthe“scientific”viewleavesout.Ifitisaweaknesstoharborfeelings,thenrhetoricmaybethoughtofasdealinginweakness.Butthosewhorejecttheideaofrhetoricbecausetheybelieveitdealsinliesandwhoatthesametimehopetomovepeopletoaction,musteitherbeliarsthemselvesorbeverynaive;purelogichasneverbeenamotivatingforceunlessithasbeensubordinatedtohumanpurposes,feelings,anddesires,andtherebyceasedtobepurelogic.

1.Accordingtothepassage,torejectrhetoricandstillhopetopersuadepeopleis（）

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthelatenineteenthcenturyrhetoricwasregardedas（）

3.ThepassagesuggeststhataspeechthatattemptstopersuadepeopletoactislikelytofailifitdoesNOT（）

4.WhichofthefollowingpersuasivedevicesisNOTusedinthepassage？

5.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'smainpointaboutlogicalargument？

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anaimofmostspeakersandwriters

B.anindicationeitherofdishonestyorofcredulity

C.awayofdisplayingdistrustoftheaudience‘smotives

D.acharacteristicofmosthumanisticdiscourse

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theonlynecessaryelementofpersuasivediscourse

B.adubiousartinatleasttwoways

C.anoutmodedandtediousamplificationoflogic

D.anopenoffensetotherationalmind

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.distortthetruthalittletomakeitmoreacceptabletotheaudience

B.appealtotheself-interestaswellasthehumanitarianismoftheaudience

C.addresslisteners'emotionsaswellastheirintellects

D.concedethelogicofotherpointsofview

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Asampleofanactualspeechdeliveredbyanorator.

B.Thecontrastofdifferentpointsofview.

C.Therepetitionofkeyideasandexpressions.

D.Ananalogythatseekstoexplainlogicalargument.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisasterile,abstractdiscipline,oflittleuseinreallife.

B.Itisanessentialelementofpersuasivediscourse,butonlyonesuchelement.

C.Itisanimportantmeansofpersuadingpeopletoactagainsttheirdesires.

D.Itisthelowestorderofdiscoursebecauseitistheleastimaginative.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Butthosewho...verynaive;”但那些認(rèn)為修辭是在說(shuō)謊而拒絕使用修辭的人，同時(shí)又希望說(shuō)服別人采取行動(dòng)的人，要么是騙子，要么就是天真的人。選項(xiàng)B中的不誠(chéng)實(shí)和易上當(dāng)受騙的人與之相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以正確。

第2題:根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Undertheforce...whollycondemned.”在這種觀點(diǎn)的影響下，修辭藝術(shù)可能不可避免地要從被認(rèn)為具有可疑價(jià)值的地位過(guò)渡到被完全譴責(zé)的地位。所以，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第3題:根據(jù)第一段的最后一句，一篇試圖說(shuō)服人們的演講，如果不考慮到他們與這些希望和恐懼有關(guān)的方面，是不會(huì)有什么結(jié)果的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第4題:試題分析：結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文中并沒(méi)有提到演說(shuō)者演說(shuō)的實(shí)際例子，所以本題選A。

第5題:根據(jù)第一段“Logicalargumentistheplot,asitwere,ofanyspeechoressaythatisrespectfullyintendedtopersuadepeople.Yetitisacharacterizingfeatureofrhetoricthatitgoesbeyondthis...”邏輯論證就像任何演講或文章的情節(jié)一樣，都是有禮貌地試圖說(shuō)服人們的。然而，它只是修辭的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，并且超越了這一點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

10.問(wèn)答題

Thetroubleis,asIseeit(A),thatheisaperfectionistinhisway(B),andhesaysthat(C)liewillnothavechildrenwhen(D)theycanafforditfinancially.

【答案】試題答案：D;until

【解析】考查固定句型。not...until意為“直到……才”，因此將when改為until。

11.單選題

TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,composedofcivilandcriminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsofappeal,andastateSupremeCourt.Thefederalcourtsystem,consistsofseriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)servingrelativelysmallgeographicregions(thereisatleastoneforeverystate),atierofcircuitcourtsofappealthathearappealsfrommanydistrictcourtsinaparticulargeographicregion,andtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.Thetwocourtsystemsaretosomeextentoverlapping,inthatcertainkindsofdisputesmaybeinitiatedineithersystem.Theyarealsotosomeextenthierarchical(等級(jí)制度的),forthefederalsystemstandsabovethestatesysteminthatlitigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.

Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.Mostcasesgonofurtherthanthetrialcourt;forexample,thecriminaldefendantisconvictedbyatrialandsentencedbythecourtandthecaseend;thepersonalinjurysuitresultsinajudgmentbyatrialcourt(oranout-of-courtsettlementbythepartieswhilethecourtsuitispending)andthepartiesleavethecourtsystem.Butsometimesthelosingpartyatthetrialcourtcaresenoughaboutthecausethatthematterdoesnotendthere.Inthesecases,the“l(fā)oser”atthetrialcourtmayappealtothenexthighercourt.

21.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

22.Accordingtothepassage,districtcourtsarealsoknownas________.

23.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,“engagedin”means________.

24.Thepassageindicatedthatlitigantswholosetheircasesinthestatetrialcourtmaytakethemtoa________.

25.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattypicalcourtcasesare________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Civilandcriminaltrialcourts.

B.Typicalcourtcases.

C.ThecourtsystemintheUnitedStates.

D.Theappealcourtprocess.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.circuitcourts

B.intermediatecourts

C.supremecourts

D.trialcourts

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.committedto

B.attentiveto

C.involvedin

D.absorbedin

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.differentcourtinthesamestate

B.Federaltrialcourt

C.StateSupremeCourt

D.Courtinanotherstate

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.alwaysappealed

B.usuallyresolvedinthedistrictcourts

C.alwaysoverlapping

D.usuallysettledbytheSupremeCourt

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】21.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.（美國(guó)法院制度作為聯(lián)邦政府制度的一部分，其特點(diǎn)是雙重司法制度；州法院和聯(lián)邦法院同時(shí)存在。），后文以此展開(kāi)，所以C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的法院系統(tǒng)”正確，A選項(xiàng)“民事和刑事審判法庭”，B選項(xiàng)“典型的法庭案例”和D選項(xiàng)“上訴法院程序”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句seriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)（一系列的初審法院，也就是地方法院），可知D選項(xiàng)“初審法院”正確。A選項(xiàng)“巡回法院”，B選項(xiàng)“中級(jí)法院”和C選項(xiàng)“最高法院”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

23.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。engagedin的意思是“從事，參加，參與”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.（在州最高法院敗訴的當(dāng)事人（參與訴訟的人）可以向美國(guó)最高法院上訴。），當(dāng)事人參與訴訟，所以C選項(xiàng)“牽涉進(jìn)，參與”正確。A選項(xiàng)“決心從事……；致力于”，B選項(xiàng)“留意”和D選項(xiàng)“全神貫注于”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.（在州最高法院敗訴的當(dāng)事人（參與訴訟的人）可以向美國(guó)最高法院上訴。），可知C選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家最高法院”正確。A選項(xiàng)“同一個(gè)州的不同法院”，B選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)邦初審法院”和D選項(xiàng)“另一個(gè)州的法院”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

25.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.（因此，典型的法院案件始于州或聯(lián)邦體系的初審法院——具有一般管轄權(quán)的法院。），可知B選項(xiàng)“通常在地區(qū)法院解決”正確，D選項(xiàng)“通常由最高法院解決”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“常常提起上訴”和C選項(xiàng)“總是重疊”沒(méi)有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Hundredsofpeople（

）ontheplaygroundforwatchingtheDragonLanternshow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contrived

B.conformed

C.conferred

D.converged

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contrive“發(fā)明，設(shè)計(jì)”；conform“符合，遵照”；confer“授予，給予”；converge“聚集”。句意：數(shù)百人聚集在廣場(chǎng)上看龍燈表演。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

Theproperty-richbutcredit-starvedhomeownersareeasytargetsforsecond-mortgagecompanies,whosesalespeopleusephonedirectoriesor（）door-to-doorintargetedzipcodes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fickle

B.canvass

C.boon

D.deride

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞和動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fickle“浮躁的，易變的”；B選項(xiàng)canvass“游說(shuō)，推銷”；C選項(xiàng)boon“愉快的，慷慨的”；D選項(xiàng)deride“嘲笑，嘲弄”。句意：那些擁有大量房產(chǎn)但缺乏信貸的房主很容易成為次級(jí)抵押貸款公司的目標(biāo)，這些公司的銷售人員利用電話號(hào)碼簿或在目標(biāo)郵政編碼地區(qū)挨家挨戶進(jìn)行推銷。本句表示向目標(biāo)房主進(jìn)行推銷。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Heisvery（）ofhisconductandpromisenevertobehavelikethatagain.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sorry

B.miserable

C.ashamed

D.guilty

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sorry“遺憾的；對(duì)不起的”；B選項(xiàng)miserable“悲慘的；痛苦的”；C選項(xiàng)ashamed“羞愧的；慚愧的”；D選項(xiàng)guilty“內(nèi)疚的”。句意：他對(duì)自己的行為非常……，并保證再也不那樣做了。由promisesnevertobehavelikethatagain.（保證再也不會(huì)那樣做了。）可知他對(duì)自己的行為表示羞愧，可知C選項(xiàng)正確。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Thedestructionofthesetreasuresarealossformankindthatnoamountofmoneycould（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standupto

B.makeupfor

C.comeupwith

D.putupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起，抵抗，勇敢地面對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)makeupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”；C選項(xiàng)comeupwith“提出，想出，趕上”；D選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”。句意：損害這些寶物對(duì)是人類的損失，是再多的金錢也無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)的。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.翻譯題

環(huán)境與我們的生存息息相關(guān)。越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染影響了我們的生活，我們理當(dāng)應(yīng)該更加重視環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題。

近年來(lái)，由于車輛和工廠不斷增加，空氣和生活品質(zhì)也不斷惡化。此外，許多人缺乏公德心，亂丟垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，農(nóng)民大量使用化學(xué)藥物使食物中毒事件一再發(fā)生。長(zhǎng)此下去，我們將呼吸不到新鮮的空氣，喝不到純凈的水，吃不到營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物了。

正因?yàn)閱?wèn)題很嚴(yán)重，環(huán)境污染受到了各個(gè)國(guó)家政府的關(guān)注。就拿中國(guó)政府為例，2001年，全國(guó)環(huán)境污染治理投資為1106.6億元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也會(huì)公開(kāi)談?wù)撜畬?duì)于環(huán)境污染的新舉措?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，環(huán)境污染加劇的情況得到了一些控制。

畢竟，我們只有一個(gè)地球可以居住，保護(hù)環(huán)境非常重要。我們主張嚴(yán)格控制環(huán)境以保護(hù)環(huán)境。同時(shí)，不僅僅是政府，每一個(gè)人，不管你住在哪里，都應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。以免其惡化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withthein