考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱廣廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱廣廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Justasabookisoftenjudged（）bythequalityandappearanceofitscover,apersonisjudgedimmediatelybyhisappearance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.uniquely

C.outwardly

D.initially

【答案】C

【解析】previously倉(cāng)促地；uniquely獨(dú)特地；outwardly表面上,外觀上地；initially最初。句意：就像根據(jù)一本書(shū)的封面來(lái)判斷質(zhì)量一樣,判斷一個(gè)人也是根據(jù)他的外表立馬進(jìn)行判斷。

2.單選題

Theprofessorhasassignedthestudentsaresearchpaper,thepurpose（

）istoacquaintthemwithmethodsofscholarlyresearch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.towhich

C.itthat

D.ofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】句意:教授己經(jīng)指定他的學(xué)生寫(xiě)一篇研究論文,為了使他們懂得學(xué)術(shù)研究的方法。

語(yǔ)法題。考查定語(yǔ)從句。題干中的thepurposeofwhichisto...相當(dāng)于whosepurposeisto。

3.單選題

Policebelievethatmanyburglarsareamateurswhowouldfleeifanalarmsoundedorlights（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameout

B.cameon

C.cameto

D.camedown

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。comeout“出現(xiàn)；出版；結(jié)果是”；comeon“快點(diǎn)；開(kāi)始”；cometo“想起；共計(jì)”；comedown“下來(lái)；降落；流傳下來(lái)”。句意：警察認(rèn)為很多盜賊是新手，如果他們聽(tīng)到警報(bào)或者看到燈光就會(huì)逃跑。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

WhenChelseacaughta（）disease,noneofhisfriendswereallowedtovisithim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conspicuous

B.contagious

C.consequent

D.captivating

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。conspicuous“顯著的；顯而易見(jiàn)的”；contagious“感染性的”；consequent“隨之發(fā)生的”；captivating“迷人的；有魅力的”。句意：Chelsea得了______病，他的朋友們都不允許來(lái)看望他。根據(jù)后半句可知Chelsea得的是傳染病。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscientistsbuttheirformandfunction,theirstructuresandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventorsandengineersusingnonscientificmodesofthought.

TillieOlsen'sfictionandessayshavebeenwidelyandrightlyacknowledgedasmajorcontributionstoAmericanliterature,andherworkhasbeenparticularlyvaluedbycontemporaryfeminists.

Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.

Doctorsaremenwhoprescribemedicinesofwhichtheyknewlittle,tocurediseasesofwhichtheyknewless,inhumanbeingsofwhomtheyknewnothing.

Thiswasthedilemmaoftherottenrulingclasswhoseideologyhadbeendiscreditedandwhosepowerrestedonliesandbruteforce.

BeingbornfemaleandblackweretwohandicapsGwendolynBrooksstatesthatshefacedfromherbirth,in1917,inKansas.

Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.

Wemustcheektheconclusioninpractice,andshouldnotblindlyrelyonsuchaswasreachedmerelybycalculation.

Shewaswaitingforus,herfiguredefinedbythelightfromthehalf-openeddoor.

Americanswhowouldbepatriotsmusttrytolearnwhatitisthattheyhaveincommon,whatitisinthepublicthatisworthcherishingandpreserving;untiltheyknowthat,theirpatriotismwillhavenomorecontentthanabright,loudafternoonparade.

【答案】許多日常使用中的物品顯然受到了科學(xué)家的影響，但它們的形狀、功能、結(jié)構(gòu)和外觀是由技術(shù)人員、工藝人員、設(shè)計(jì)師、發(fā)明者和工程師根據(jù)非科學(xué)的思維方式?jīng)Q定的。

TillieOlsen的小說(shuō)和散文被公認(rèn)為對(duì)美國(guó)文學(xué)做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)，她的作品尤其受到當(dāng)代女性主義者的重視。

該性別比例將有利于使個(gè)體后代的數(shù)量最大化，并因此使所傳遞的基因復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)量最大化。

醫(yī)生是指這樣的一種人，他們給完全不了解的病人開(kāi)自己一無(wú)所知的藥物，治療自己一竅不通的疾病。

這就是腐朽的統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的進(jìn)退兩難的處境，他們的意識(shí)形態(tài)被抹黑了，他們的權(quán)力依賴于謊言和野蠻的力量。

1917年，GwendolynBrooks出生于堪薩斯州，她認(rèn)為自出生起就面臨著兩大困難——既是女性，又是黑人。

當(dāng)他瞥見(jiàn)一個(gè)潛在的對(duì)手時(shí)，他的本能就是用魅力和幽默來(lái)說(shuō)服他。

我們必須在實(shí)踐中認(rèn)真對(duì)待這個(gè)結(jié)論，而不應(yīng)盲目地依賴那些僅僅是通過(guò)算計(jì)而達(dá)到的結(jié)果。

她正在等我們，半開(kāi)的門(mén)里透出光亮，顯出她的身形。

想要成為愛(ài)國(guó)者的美國(guó)人必須努力了解他們有什么共同之處，公眾中有什么是值得珍惜和保護(hù)的東西；在知道這些之前，他們的愛(ài)國(guó)情懷無(wú)非是一場(chǎng)自我炫耀的下午游行而已。

6.單選題

Thecompanymakesaperiodicalreviewofexpenditureeverymonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regular

B.immediate

C.prevalent

D.temporary

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)regular“定期的；有規(guī)律的；合格的；整齊的；普通的”；B選項(xiàng)immediate“立即的；直接的；最接近的”；C選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的；普遍的，廣傳的”；D選項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的”。句意：公司每月定期檢查支出情況。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞periodical“[數(shù)]周期的；定期的”，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothe1660’swasthatofservants.AcritiqueoftheHanlins’interpretationofwhylegalslaverydidnotappearuntilthe1660ssuggeststhatassumptionsabouttherelationbetweenslaveryandracialprejudiceshouldbereexamined,andthatexplanationforthedifferenttreatmentofBlackslavesinNorthandSouthAmerica'shouldbeexpanded.

TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660's,thepositionofWhileservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimproving,duringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.AnotherflawintheHandlin’interpretationistheirassumptionthatpriortotheestablishmentoflegalslaverytherewasnodiscriminationagainstBlackpeople.Itistruethatbeforethe1660’sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.Butthisshouldnotovershadowevidencefromthe1630sonchatpointstoracialdiscriminationwithoutusingthetermslavery.Suchdiscriminationsometimes,stoppedshortoflifetimeservitudeorinheritedstatusthetwoattributesoftrueslavery-yetinothercasesitincludedboth.TheHandlins'argumentexcludestherealpossibilitythatBlackpeopleintheEnglishcolonieswerenevertreatedastheequalsofWhitepeople.

Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.Inaddition,theexistenceofdiscriminationbeforetheadventoflegalslaveryoffersafurtherexplanationfortheharshertreatmentofBlackslavesinNorththaninSouthAmericA.FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmericA.Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.AmorecompellingexplanationisthattheearlyandsometimesextremeracialdiscriminationintheEnglishcolonieshelpeddeterminetheparticularnatureoftheslaverythatfollowed.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlogicalinferencetobedrawnfromthepassageabouttheeffectsof“severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures”(lines11)passedduringandafterthe1660’s?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofBlackpeopleintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericabeforethe1660'swouldtheauthorbeLEASTlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,theHandlinshavearguedwhichofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenracialprejudiceandtheinstitutionoflegalslaveryintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmerica?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhattheexistenceofaRomanconceptionofslaveryinSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadtheeffectof（）.

5.TheauthorconsiderstheFreyreandTannenbaumforthetreatmentaccordedBlackslavesintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericatobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theactsnegativelyaffectedthepre-1660'spositionofBlackaswellasofwhiteservants

B.TheactshadtheeffectofimpartingratherthanimprovingthepositionofWhiteservantsrelativetowhatithadbeenbeforethe1660's

C.TheactshadadifferenteffectonthepositionofWhiteservantsthandidmanyoftheactspassedduringthistimebythelegislaturesofothercolonies

D.Theacts,attheveryleastcausedthepositionofWhiteservantstoremainnobetterthanithadbeenbeforethe1660's

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.AlthoughBlackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves,theywereoftencalledslaves

B.Althoughsubjecttosomediscrimination;Blackpeoplehadaheightlegalstatusthantheydidafterthe1660’s.

C.Althoughsometimessubjecttolifetimeservitude,Blackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves.

D.AlthoughoftennottreatedthesameasWhitepeople,Blackpeople,likemanyWhitepeople,possessedthelegalstatusofservants.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Racialprejudiceandtheinstitutionofslaveryarosesimultaneously

B.Racialprejudicemostoftentooktheformoftheimpositionofinheritedstatus,oneortheattributesofslavery

C.Thesourceofracialprejudicewastheinstitutionofslavery

D.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheRomanCatholicChurch,racialprejudicesometimesdidnotresultinslaveryslay

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.extendingratherthancausingracialprejudiceinthesecolonies

B.hasteningthelegalizationofslaveryinthesecolonies

C.mitigatingsomeoftheconditionsofslaveryforBlackpeopleinthesecolonies

D.delayingtheintroductionofslaveryintotheEnglishcolonies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ambitiousbutmisguided

B.validbutlimited

C.popularbutsuspect

D.anachronisticandcontroversial

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures可以定位到文章中“TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660,s,thepositionofWhiteservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.”中文翻譯為：漢林夫婦認(rèn)為，在17世紀(jì)60年代，白人仆人的地位相對(duì)于黑人仆人的地位正在改善，從而解釋了法律奴隸制的出現(xiàn)。以及原文中“Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.”，中文翻譯為：.因此，黑奴和白種人爭(zhēng)論不休，黑人和白人仆人歷來(lái)待遇相同，每個(gè)人都獲得了不同的地位。然而，對(duì)于這一論點(diǎn)，有一些重要的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)；和原文“First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimprovingduringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.”，中文翻譯為：首先，馬里蘭州和維吉尼亞州立法機(jī)構(gòu)的幾項(xiàng)法案表明，17世紀(jì)60年代期間和之后，這位白人仆人的地位并沒(méi)有得到充分證明?？梢酝茰y(cè)出白人仆人的地位沒(méi)有提高，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.”中文翻譯為：在北美英國(guó)殖民地大法規(guī)中，只有在1660年之后才首次對(duì)奴隸制度有所提及，即黑人被輸入到美洲后的四十年。“Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothel660’swasthatofservants.”，中文翻譯為：唯恐我認(rèn)為奴隸制度事實(shí)上的存在先于其法律上的存在，奧斯卡和瑪麗?漢德林使我們相信，直到十七世紀(jì)六十年代為止，黑人的地位是充當(dāng)傭人。以及“Itistruethatbeforethe1660'sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.”中文翻譯為：的確，在1660年以前，黑人很少被稱為奴隸?？梢酝茰y(cè)出A選項(xiàng)是作者最不可能同意的觀點(diǎn)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.”中文翻譯為：這種可能性具有重要的意義。以及“IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.”，中文翻譯為：假若從一開(kāi)始起黑人就遭到歧視，那么，法律上的奴隸制度應(yīng)被視作種族歧視的一種反應(yīng)和延伸，而不應(yīng)像包括漢德林夫婦在內(nèi)的許多史學(xué)家所指出的那樣，被視作種族偏見(jiàn)的起因?？梢酝茰y(cè)出C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmerica.”中文翻譯為：弗雷爾和坦納博不無(wú)道理指出，北美洲某些傳統(tǒng)的缺失一一比如古羅馬有關(guān)奴隸制度的觀念以及羅馬天主對(duì)于平等的強(qiáng)調(diào)一一可以說(shuō)明黑人奴隸在那里的待遇要比在南美洲西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地的黑人奴隸的待遇更為苛刻?？梢缘弥狢選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyargued...”中文翻譯為:“弗雷爾和坦納博正確地主張了/論證了……”以及“Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.”中文翻譯為：但是，這并不能成為一種完整的解釋，因?yàn)閮H僅是從反面進(jìn)行的，以某些事物的缺乏為其依據(jù)。可以推測(cè)出B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

______thatasbothbirdsandmammalsbecomelarger,theirmetabolicratesperunitoftissuedecrease,andtheygenerallylivelonger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thetruth

B.Itistrue

C.Iftrue

D.Tobetrue

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：的確，隨著鳥(niǎo)類和哺乳動(dòng)物的體型變大，它們每單位組織的代謝率會(huì)下降，它們通常會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)。Itis/was+adj.+that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，It作形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that后面的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)Itistrue符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Iftheoldmaximthatthecustomerisalwaysrightstillhasmeaning,thentheairlinesthatplytheworld’sbusiestairroutebetweenLondonandParishaveaflightontheirhands.

TheEurostartrainservicelinkingtheUKandFrenchcapitalsviatheChannelTunneliswinningcustomersinincreasingnumbers.InlateMay,itcarrieditsonemillionthpassengers,havingrunonlyalimitedservicebetweenLondon,ParisandBrusselssinceNovember1994,startingwithtwotrainsadayineachdirectiontoParisandBrussels.By1997,thecompanybelievesthatitwillbecarryingtenmillionpassengersayear,andcontinuetogrowfromthere.

FromJuly,EurostarstepsitsservicetoninetrainseachwaybetweenLondonandParis,andfivebetweenLondonandBrussels.Eachtraincarriesalmost800passengers,210oftheminfirstclass.

Theairlinesestimatethattheywillinitiallylosearound15%-20%oftheirLondon-ParistraffictotherailwaysonceEurostarstartsafullservicelaterthisyear(1995),with15trainsadayeachway.AsimilarservicewillstarttoBrussels.Thedamagewillbelimited,however,theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.

Intheshortterm,thedamagecausedbythe1millionpeople-levelstravelingbetweenLondonandParisandBrusselsonEurostartrainsmeansthatsomeairservicesarealreadysuffering.Someofthemajorcarrierssaythattheirpassengernumbersaredownbylessthan5%andpointtotheirrivals-ParticularlyAirFrance—ashavingsufferedtheproblems.OntheBrusselsroute,therailwaycompanyhadlesssuccess,andtheairlinesreportanythingfromarounda5%droptonovisibledeclineintraffic.

Theairlines’optimismonreturningtrafficlevelsisbasedonhistoricalprecedent.BritishMidland,forexample,pointstoitsexperienceonHeathrowLeedsBradfordservicewhichsawpassengernumbersfoldby15%whenBritishRailelectrifiedandmodernizedtherailwaylinebetweenLondonandYorkshire.Twoyearslater,travelhadrisenbetweenthetwodestinationstothepointwheretheairlinewascarryingrecordnumbersofpassengers.

41.Britishairlinesconfideinthefactthat（）.

42.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthedropofpassengersmaybedescribedas（）.

43.Inthepassage,BritishRail(Para6)ismentionedto（）.

44.Therailway’sBrusselsrouteisbroughtforthtoshowthat（）.

45.Thepassageistakenfromthefirstofanessay,fromwhichwemaywellpredictthatinthefollowingparttheauthorisgoingto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaremorepowerfulthanotherEuropeanairlines

B.theirtotallosswon’tgobeyondadropof5%passengers

C.theirtrafficlevelswillreturnin2-3years

D.travelingbyrailcannevercatchupwithtravelingbyair

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.worried.

B.delighted

C.puzzled

D.unrivaled

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.provideacomparisonwithEurostar

B.supporttheairlines’optimism

C.provetheinevitabledropofairpassengers

D.callforelectrificationandmodernizationoftherailway

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theEurostartrainserviceisnotdoinggoodbusiness

B.theairlinescanwellcompetewiththerailway

C.theEurostartrainserviceonlycausedlittledamage

D.onlysomeairlines,suchasAirFrance,aresuffering

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.praisetheairlines’clear-mindedness

B.warntheairlinesofhigh-speedrailservices

C.proposeareductionofLondon/Parisflights

D.advisetheairlinestofollowBritishMidlandastheirmodel

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】41.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Thedamagewillbelimited,however,theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.”，可知航空公司相信，損失將是有限的，乘客數(shù)量將在兩到三年內(nèi)恢復(fù)到以前的水平?？膳袛喑鲇?guó)航空公司堅(jiān)信他們的交通水平將在2-3年內(nèi)恢復(fù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

42.作者態(tài)度題。縱觀全文，作者認(rèn)為列車的開(kāi)通對(duì)航空公司的影響力度是有限的，客人最后還是會(huì)重新選擇航空運(yùn)輸，所以對(duì)乘客數(shù)目下降的現(xiàn)象還是持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度的，但是從整篇文章的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)看，作者還是心存擔(dān)憂的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

43.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.”，客戶自航空公司堅(jiān)信乘客最終還是會(huì)選擇航空運(yùn)輸。又根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theairlines’optimismonreturningtrafficlevelsisbasedonhistoricalprecedent.”，可知航空公司對(duì)恢復(fù)客流量水平的樂(lè)觀態(tài)度是基于歷史先例。可推斷出作者下文提到BritishRail的例子就是為了證明這一觀點(diǎn)：航空公司對(duì)航空運(yùn)輸?shù)乃匠挚陀^態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

44.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“OntheBrusselsroute,therailwaycompanyhadlesssuccess,andtheairlinesreportanythingfromarounda5%droptonovisibledeclineintraffic.”，可知在布魯塞爾的航線上，鐵路公司沒(méi)有那么成功，航空公司的報(bào)告顯示，只造成了5%左右的下降，并沒(méi)有明顯的影響?？赏茢喑霾剪斎麪栬F路的開(kāi)通事例說(shuō)明了歐洲之星列車只對(duì)航空運(yùn)輸造成了很小的損害。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

45.推斷題。整篇文章都在說(shuō)明和強(qiáng)調(diào)航空公司對(duì)列車開(kāi)通帶來(lái)的乘客流量下降并沒(méi)有很重視，而是一直持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，相信乘客最終會(huì)選擇航空運(yùn)輸，但是作者卻對(duì)此表現(xiàn)出擔(dān)憂，可推斷出作者在接下來(lái)的文段中將會(huì)給予航空公司一些警告，以讓他們能注重列車服務(wù)發(fā)展帶來(lái)的沖擊。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Theseillegalimmigrantshavetoworklonghoursadaydespitetheappallingworkingconditions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bewildering

B.exasperating

C.dismaying

D.upsetting

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:盡管工作環(huán)境惡劣，但是這些非法移民者每天必須工作數(shù)小時(shí)。

bewildering使人困惑的;exasperating惹人生氣的。Dismaying使人驚恐的，使焦急的;upsetting令人心煩意亂的，令人苦惱的。Appaling令人震驚的，低劣得不像話的。故選C。

11.單選題

Youareexposedtoobtrusiveadsthat_______seeminglyfromnowhereevenwhenyouaredisconnectedfromtheNet,andyourpersonalinformationgatheredandsentoffwithoutyoubeingawareofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sizeup

B.dwindleaway

C.conjureup

D.popup

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“sizeup”意為“打量；估計(jì)……的大??；判斷；（使）符合要求或規(guī)格；評(píng)估”；B選項(xiàng)“dwindleaway”意為“減少；消失”；C選項(xiàng)“conjureup”意為“用魔法召喚；使想起”；D選項(xiàng)“popup”意為“突然出現(xiàn)”。句意：你接觸著冒失的廣告，它們似乎可以從任何地方突然冒出，甚至當(dāng)你不在線時(shí)，你的個(gè)人信息也被收集和發(fā)送，而你沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它。由題干可知，obtrusiveads（冒失的廣告）和fromnowhere（不知從什么地方）說(shuō)明這些廣告會(huì)突然從某個(gè)地方冒出來(lái)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Mr.Smithaskedhissecretaryto（）anewparagraphintheannualreportshewastyping.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invade

B.install

C.insert

D.inject

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。invade侵入；install安裝；insert插入,鑲?cè)耄籭nject注射。句意：Mr.Smith要求他的秘書(shū)在她正在打的年度報(bào)告中插入一段。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Theirmindsandbodiesworkfasterthanmost（

）races,makingthemseemrestlessorhyperactive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sapient

B.clever

C.smart

D.brave

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sapient聰明的，有智慧的；clever機(jī)靈的；smart敏捷的；brave勇敢的。句意：他們的心智與身體比大部分智人種類運(yùn)作的還快，使他們顯得有些性急或亢奮。只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。Sapientrace指“智人種類“

14.單選題

（）anincreaseinanti-SemiticrhetoricandreligiousdiscriminationinLatinAmerica,thePanAmericanDevelopmentFoundationandtheU.S.DepartmentofStatelauncheda“BelieveinTolerance”projectinspring2014.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Accordingto

B.Contraryto

C.Inresponseto

D.Inadditionto

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。accordingto“根據(jù)”；contraryto“與……相反”；inresponseto“應(yīng)對(duì)”；inadditionto“除外”。句意：為了應(yīng)對(duì)拉丁美洲反猶太教和宗教歧視的情況，泛美發(fā)展基金會(huì)和美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院在2014年春季發(fā)起了一個(gè)“相信寬容”的項(xiàng)目。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

CharlesDickens,likemillionsofchildrenallovertheworldthroughouttheages,wasenchantedbyfairytales.Heacknowledgedthedeepformativeimpactthatthewondrousfiguresandeventsoffairytaleshelpschildrenbetterthananythingelseintheirmostdifficult,yetmostimportantandsatisfyingtask;achievingamorematureconsciousnesstotamethechaoticpressureoftheirunconsciousness.

Fairytales,unlikeanyotherformofliterature,directchildrentodiscovertheiridentityandcalling.Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.Theypromisethatifonedarestoengageinthisfearsomeandtaxingsearch,benevolentpowerswillcometoone’said,andthatonewillsucceed.Butfairytalesalsowarnthatthosewhoaretootimidornarrow-mindedtoriskthem-selvesmustsettleforhumdrumexistence.

Inthepast,thosewholovedfairytaleswereoftensubjectedtothescornofpedants.Buttodaymanyofourchildrenaredeprivedofthechancetoknowfairystoriesatall.Mostchildrennowmeetfairytales,iftheyencounterthematall,onlyinprettifiedversionsthatsubduetheirmeaningandrobthemofalldeepersignificance.Onecanseesuchversionsinfilmsandontelevision,wherefairytalesaretamedintoempty-mindedentertainment.

Throughouthistory,theintellectuallifeofchildrenlargelydependedonmythicalandreligiousstories,andonfairytales.Thistraditionalliteraturefedchildren’simaginationandstimulatedtheirfantasies.Atthesametime,thesestorieswereamajoragentofthechild’ssocialization.Childrencouldlearnsocialidealsfromthematerialofmyths,whilefairytalesprovidepatternsofbehaviormodeledontheseideals.Theseweretheimagesoftheunconqueredheroes,whoselifehistoryshowedthatitisnotbeneaththedignityofthestrongesttocleanthefilthieststable.

1.TheauthorcitedDickensinorderto______.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat______.

3.TheauthoridentifiedallofthefollowingasbenefitschildrenderivefromfairytalesEXCEPT______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,today’schildrenseldomexperiencefairytalesintheoriginalbecausetheseliteraryformsare______.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.callattentiontoapersonwhobeganbywritingfairytales

B.supporttheauthor’sscornforthosewhoadaptfairytalesforfilmsandtelevision

C.provetheformativeinfluenceoffairytalesonwriters

D.provideanexampleofonewhounderstandstheimportanceoffairytalestochildren

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mostfairytalesaresuccessstories

B.childrenlearntheirmorallessonfromfairytales

C.mostfairytalesaretoodifficultforchildrentocomprehend

D.childrenoftenidentifythemselveswiththecharactersinfairytales

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.expressingcomplexissuesinlanguagechildrencanunderstand

B.servingasintroductionstocomplexquestionsbyrewardinglifestyles

C.teachingchildrenthewisdomoffacingriskstoachievemorefulfillinglives

D.improvingachild’simaginationthroughmodelsofvividimagery

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nolongeravailable

B.notunderstandabletochildren

C.shortenedtoentertaining

D.norelevanttotheconcernsofcontemporarychildren

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Manyoftoday’schildrenlacktheimportantsocializinginfluenceofmythsandfairytales.

B.Fairytalesprovidemodelsforhumanfeelingsandarethereforeessentialtothegrowthofchildren.

C.Thebestwaytotameachild’sunconsciousbeingistoallowhimtoexperiencefairytales.

D.Thediminishingimportanceoftheroleoffairytalesinchilddevelopmentexplainstoday’sproblems.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.作者意圖題。文章開(kāi)頭提到“CharlesDickens,likemillionsofchildrenallovertheworldthroughouttheages,wasenchantedbyfairytales.Heacknowledgedthedeepformativeimpactthatthewondrousfiguresandeventsoffairytaleshelpschildrenbetterthananythingelseintheirmostdifficult,yetmostimportantandsatisfyingtask...（查爾斯?狄更斯，就像那個(gè)時(shí)代世界上數(shù)百萬(wàn)的孩子一樣，為童話故事所陶醉。他承認(rèn)童話故事中奇妙的人物和事件對(duì)孩子們的成長(zhǎng)有著深刻的影響，在他們最困難、最重要、最令人滿意的任務(wù)中，這些人物和事件比其他任何東西都更有幫助……）”，由此可知查爾斯?狄更斯是作者引用的一個(gè)用來(lái)說(shuō)明童話故事對(duì)孩子們的重要性的一個(gè)例子，所以D選項(xiàng)“提供一個(gè)理解童話故事對(duì)孩子重要性的例子”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“引起對(duì)一個(gè)開(kāi)始寫(xiě)童話故事的人的注意”；B選項(xiàng)“支持作者對(duì)那些把童話故事改編成電影和電視的人的蔑視”；C選項(xiàng)“論證童話對(duì)作家的形成影響”都不如D選項(xiàng)更符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。第二段提到“Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.Theypromisethatifonedarestoengageinthisfearsomeandtaxingsearch,benevolentpowerswillcometoone’said,andthatonewillsucceed.（這些故事暗示，一個(gè)人即使身處逆境，也能過(guò)上美好而有意義的生活。他們承諾，如果一個(gè)人敢于進(jìn)行可怕而費(fèi)力的探索，仁慈的力量將會(huì)來(lái)幫助他，他就會(huì)成功。）”，由此可知童話故事大部分都是成功的故事，所以A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)童話故事都是成功的故事”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“孩子們從童話中吸取道德教訓(xùn)”；C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)童話故事對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)太難理解了”以及D選項(xiàng)“孩子們常常認(rèn)同童話里的人物”該段落都沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesestorieshintthatagood,rewardinglifeiswithinone’sreachdespiteadversity.（這些故事暗示，一個(gè)人即使身處逆境，也能過(guò)上美好而有意義的生活。）”可知B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)生活方式來(lái)介紹復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題”正確；根據(jù)第一段最后一句“achievingamorematureconsciousnesstotamethechaoticpressureoftheirunconsciousness.（獲得更成熟的意識(shí)來(lái)馴服他們無(wú)意識(shí)的混亂壓力。）”可知C選項(xiàng)“教孩子們面對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的智慧，以實(shí)現(xiàn)更充實(shí)的生活”正確；根據(jù)最后一段“Thistraditionalliteraturefedchildren’simaginationandstimulatedtheirfantasies.（這種傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)豐富了孩子們的想象力，激發(fā)了他們的幻想。）”可知D選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)生動(dòng)形象的模型來(lái)提高孩子的想象力”正確，只有A選項(xiàng)“用孩子們能理解的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題”文章沒(méi)有提及，因此該題應(yīng)選A選項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Mostchildrennowmeetfairytales,iftheyencounterthematall,onlyinprettifiedversionsthatsubduetheirmeaningandrobthemofalldeepersignificance.Onecanseesuchversionsinfilmsandontelevision,wherefairytalesaretamedintoempty-mindedentertainment.（大多數(shù)孩子現(xiàn)在看到的童話，如果他們能看到的話，也只是經(jīng)過(guò)美化的版本，削弱了它們的意義，剝奪了它們所有更深層次的意義。人們可以在電影和電視上看到這樣的版本，童話故事被馴服為空洞的娛樂(lè)消遣）”，由此可知現(xiàn)在的兒童很少體驗(yàn)到原始的童話故事是因?yàn)樗鼈儽幌鳒p美化成了娛樂(lè)消遣，所以C選項(xiàng)“削減為娛樂(lè)”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“不再提供”；B選項(xiàng)“兒童不能理解”；D選項(xiàng)“與當(dāng)代兒童的關(guān)注無(wú)關(guān)”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要闡述童話故事對(duì)兒童成長(zhǎng)的重要性。第一段以例子說(shuō)明童話故事對(duì)兒童的深刻影響；第二段描寫(xiě)童話故事對(duì)兒童精神世界的影響；第三段主要分析了當(dāng)今社會(huì)兒童很少體驗(yàn)到原始童話故事的問(wèn)題；第四段主要說(shuō)明了童話故事對(duì)兒童智力以及情感方面的影響。綜上且結(jié)合全文，B選項(xiàng)“童話故事為人類情感提供了模型，因此對(duì)兒童的成長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要”最能表達(dá)文章的主旨。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)今許多兒童缺乏神話和童話故事的重要社會(huì)影響”；C選項(xiàng)“馴服孩子潛意識(shí)的最好方法是讓他體驗(yàn)童話故事”；D選項(xiàng)“童話在兒童發(fā)展中作用的重要性的下降解釋了今天的問(wèn)題”都不如B選項(xiàng)貼合文章大意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventu-allybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftheewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughouturope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearninganddealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohu-man—asopposedtospiritual—values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafter-life—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingtheleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellaseligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed，experienced,discussed,anddis-seminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebe-ingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewrit-ingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandlit-erature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalm