考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦江學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦江學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Amajoritytakencollectivelymayberegardedasabeingwhoseopinionsand,mostfrequently,whoseinterestsareopposedtothoseofanotherbeing,whichisstyledaminority.Ifitisadmittedthatamanpossessingabsolutepowermaymisusethatpowerbywronginghisadversaries,whyshouldamajoritynotbeliabletothesamereproach?Menarenotapttochangetheircharactersbyagglomeration;nordoestheirpatienceinthepresenceofobstaclesincreasewiththeconsciousnessoftheirstrength.Forthesereasonsweshouldnotwillinglyinvestanygroupofourfellowswiththatunlimitedauthoritywhichweshouldrefusetoanyindividual.

Onesocialpowermustalwayspredominateoverothers,butlibertyisendangeredwhenthispowerischeckedbynoobstacleswhichmayretarditscourseandforceittomoderateitsownvehemence.Unlimitedpowerisinitselfabadanddangerousthing,andnopoweronearthissoworthyofhonorforitselforofreverentialobediencetotherightswhichitrepresentsthatweshouldadmititsuncontrolledandall-predominantauthority.Whentherightandmeansofabsolutecommandareconferredonapeopleoraking,onanaristocracyorademocracy,amonarchyorarepublic,therehasbeenimplantedthegermoftyranny.

ThemainevilofthepresentdemocraticinstitutionsoftheUnitedStatesdoesnotarise,asisoftenassertedinEurope,fromtheirweakness,butfromtheiroverpoweringstrength;theexcessivelibertywhichreignsinthatcountryisnotsoalarmingasistheveryinadequatesecuritywhichexistsagainsttyranny.

WhenanindividualorapartyiswrongedintheUnitedStates,towhomcanheapplyforredress?Iftothepublicopinion,publicopinionconstitutesthemajority;iftothelegislature,itrepresentsthemajorityandimplicitlyobeysitsinjunctions;iftotheexecutivepower,itisappointedbythemajorityandremainsapassivetoolinitshands;thepublictroopsconsistofthemajorityunderarms;thejuryisthemajorityinvestedwiththerightofhearingjudicialcases,andincertainstateseventhejudgesareelectedbythemajority.Howeveriniquitousorabsurdtheevilcomplainedabout,nosurebarrierisestablishedtodefendagainstit.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

3.Theauthor’streatmentofthetopicofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（）.

4.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheTyrannyoftheMajority

B.Democracy:TriumphofthePeople

C.AbusesofPower

D.TheFailureofDemocracyintheUnitedStates

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Democracyisnogreaterdefenseagainsttyrannythanismonarchyoraristocracy.

B.Minorityrulewouldprobablybemoreresponsivetotheneedsofallpeoplethanmajorityrule.

C.Torenderitselfimmunetothegermoftyranny,theUnitedStatesshouldstrengthenitspoliticalinstitutions.

D.Sinceonesocialpowermustalwayspredominateoverothers,itisfutiletoprovidechecksandbalancesingovernment.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ironic

B.neutral

C.logical

D.irreverent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.challengingacommonlyheldbelief

B.contrastingtwoopposingviews

C.advocatingacourseofaction

D.reconcilinganapparentconflict

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“Ifitisadmittedthatamanpossessingabsolutepowermaymisusethatpowerbywronginghisadversaries,whyshouldamajoritynotbeliabletothesamereproach?”，如果承認(rèn)一個(gè)擁有絕對(duì)權(quán)力的人可能會(huì)濫用這種權(quán)力來冤枉他的對(duì)手，為什么大多數(shù)人在濫用他們權(quán)力的時(shí)候不會(huì)受到同樣的指責(zé)呢？此句為文章的中心句，體現(xiàn)了文章的中心思想。下文繼續(xù)提出我們不應(yīng)該把我們應(yīng)該拒絕給個(gè)人的絕對(duì)權(quán)力授予任何大多數(shù)派的人?？膳袛喑鲎罘衔恼碌闹黝}與大多數(shù)派相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，“Whentherightandmeansofabsolutecommandareconferredonapeopleoraking,onanaristocracyorademocracy,amonarchyorarepublic,therehasbeenimplantedthegermoftyranny.”，當(dāng)絕對(duì)命令的權(quán)力授予一個(gè)民族或一個(gè)國(guó)王、一個(gè)貴族或一個(gè)民主、一個(gè)君主制或一個(gè)共和國(guó)時(shí)，就已經(jīng)埋下了專制的種子?？膳袛喑雒裰骱途髦苹蛸F族統(tǒng)治一樣，也可能導(dǎo)致專制統(tǒng)治，選項(xiàng)A符合文意。文章中并沒有提及少數(shù)人統(tǒng)治比多數(shù)人統(tǒng)治更令人滿意，并未將二者進(jìn)行比較，選項(xiàng)B不符合文意。根據(jù)第三段第一句，“ThemainevilofthepresentdemocraticinstitutionsoftheUnitedStatesdoesnotarise,asisoftenassertedinEurope,fromtheirweakness,butfromtheiroverpoweringstrength…”美國(guó)現(xiàn)行民主制度的主要弊端，并不像歐洲人常說的那樣，來自于它們的軟弱，而是來自于它們壓倒一切的力量?？膳袛喑鑫恼虏⑽刺峒懊绹?guó)需要加強(qiáng)政治制度來免受專制統(tǒng)治。選項(xiàng)C不符合文意。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“Onesocialpowermustalwayspredominateoverothers,butlibertyisendangeredwhenthispowerischeckedbynoobstacleswhichmayretarditscourseandforceittomoderateitsownvehemence.”，一種社會(huì)力量必須始終凌駕于其他力量之上，但如果這種力量不受任何阻礙，而使其激烈程度得不到緩和，自由就會(huì)受到威脅。可判斷出雖然在社會(huì)中一種力量必須凌駕于其他力量之上，但是權(quán)力行使的激烈程度必須受到限制和阻礙，以免使自由受到威脅，所以權(quán)力制衡是有必要的。選項(xiàng)D不符合文意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“Ifitisadmittedthatamanpossessingabsolutepowermaymisusethatpowerbywronginghisadversaries,whyshouldamajoritynotbeliabletothesamereproach?”，如果承認(rèn)一個(gè)擁有絕對(duì)權(quán)力的人可能會(huì)濫用這種權(quán)力來冤枉他的對(duì)手，為什么大多數(shù)人在濫用他們權(quán)力的時(shí)候不會(huì)受到同樣的指責(zé)呢？此句為文章的中心句，體現(xiàn)了文章的中心思想。由個(gè)人權(quán)力推理到大多數(shù)派權(quán)力的行使，所以作者對(duì)話題的探討是具有邏輯性的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。文章第一段提到一個(gè)擁有絕對(duì)權(quán)力的個(gè)人會(huì)濫用權(quán)力來冤枉對(duì)手，那么擁有權(quán)力的大多數(shù)人在濫用權(quán)力時(shí)也應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備。文章第二段繼續(xù)指出當(dāng)絕對(duì)命令的權(quán)力授予給一個(gè)民族或一個(gè)國(guó)王、一個(gè)貴族或一個(gè)民主、一個(gè)君主制或一個(gè)共和國(guó)時(shí)，就已經(jīng)埋下了專制的種子?？膳袛喑鰝€(gè)人或大多數(shù)派統(tǒng)治對(duì)專制的防御都不會(huì)更好，對(duì)應(yīng)文中提及的美國(guó)民主政治中存在的現(xiàn)象，所以作者在本文中在挑戰(zhàn)一個(gè)普遍的信念。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

IttookMikecourageand（）tolearntolivewithahandicapafterhewasinjuredinacaraccident.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.endurance

B.tolerance

C.continuation

D.insistence

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)endurance“忍耐力;耐久力;”；B選項(xiàng)tolerance“忍受;容忍”；C選項(xiàng)continuation“繼續(xù);連續(xù)”；D選項(xiàng)insistence“堅(jiān)決要求;堅(jiān)持;固執(zhí)”。句意：邁克在車禍中受傷后，他花了很大的勇氣和耐力才學(xué)會(huì)在殘疾的情況下生活。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“邁克在車禍中受傷后”可知A符合句意。

3.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aspirant.

B.Courageous.

C.Cautious.

D.Amiable(溫和的).

【答案】B

【解析】M:Katewastheonlyonebraveenoughtospeakhermindatthemeetingtoday.

W:Yeah,alotofpeoplefeltthesameway,butweretooscaredtosayanything.Shejustvoicedtheaspirationofthem.

Q:WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKate?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)對(duì)話可知，Kate敢于在會(huì)議上表達(dá)自己的想法，很多人也想如此，但因害怕沉默不語。故選B。

4.單選題

Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesintocontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan'tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneonbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterferingwithpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.

Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacaritneedsmoremechanicalmaintenanceasitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresults.Andatwhatpointshouldyouceasetotreattheoldbody?Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbypursuingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?Youcannotaskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematryontheprinciplethatwhilethere'slife,there'shope.

Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.

1.ItisimpliedinParagraphonethat（）.

2.Somesocialworkersthinkthat（）.

3.Intheauthor'sopinion,（）.

4.Theword"it"inthelastparagraphrefersto（）.

5.Theauthorthinksthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.veryoldpeopleenjoylivingwiththeirrelatives

B.socialserviceshavenothingtodowithveryoldpeople

C.veryoldpeoplewouldliketolivealonesothattheycanhavemorepersonalfreedom

D.veryoldpeopleareabletokeeptheirroomsveryclean

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.healthandsafetyaremoreimportantthanpersonalfreedom

B.personalfreedomismoreimportantthanhealthandsafety

C.oldpeopleshouldkeeptheirroomsclean

D.oneshouldnottakerisksofdealingwitholdpeople

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thehumanbodycan'tbecomparedtoacar

B.theolderaperson,themorecareheneeds

C.toomuchemphasishasbeenputonoldpeople'svalues

D.itiseasytoprovidesparepartsforoldpeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theconclusionyouhavecometo

B.yourtalktotheoldpeople

C.whetherageishappyorunpleasant

D.one'smoneyorone'shealth

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.medicaldecisionsfortheoldpeopleshouldbelefttothedoctors

B.oldpeoplecanenjoyahappylifeonlyiftheyareveryrich

C.theopinionthatweshouldtryeverymeanspossibletosaveoldpeopleisdoubtful

D.itisalwaysmorallyrighttotreatoldpeopleandpushoffdeath

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A和D表述錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有提及,只有選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Somesocialworkers,...,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold."認(rèn)為我們持有個(gè)人自由的概念是危險(xiǎn)的,因?yàn)檫@會(huì)給老年人的健康和安全帶來嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。也就是說他們認(rèn)為健康和安全比自由更重要。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容,將人的身體和汽車相比較,汽車需要的是機(jī)械保養(yǎng),而人需要手術(shù)進(jìn)行治療,不管結(jié)果如何如何好,但過程是極度痛苦的。作者的潛在意思是,人能感到疼痛,但車卻不會(huì),兩者完全沒有可比性,所以本題選A。

4.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知,"it"指的是上句中的"whetherageishappyorunpleasant"。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Youcannotaskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,..."可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)最后一段可知選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句"Isitmorallyrightto...thatitisdesignedtodie?"明知道這是死亡必須經(jīng)歷的過程,卻還是通過開發(fā)藥物來激發(fā)健忘的老思想,激活衰老的身體,這在道德上是正確的嗎?該句為反問句,說明作者對(duì)此是持懷疑的態(tài)度,所以選項(xiàng)C正確,選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。

5.單選題

Beingcriticalanddictatorial,thebosswould（）discussionsandignorecommentsnotinagreementswithhis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitate

B.illustrate

C.illuminate

D.dominate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)facilitate“促進(jìn)、幫助”；B選項(xiàng)illustrate“說明、闡明”；C選項(xiàng)illuminate“說明、照亮”；D選項(xiàng)dominate“控制、支配”，句意為：由于老板的挑剔和獨(dú)裁，他會(huì)主導(dǎo)討論，忽視與他意見不一致的意見。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.問答題

Directions:Thispanconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,onemeachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeawordaword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(/)intherightplaceandwritethemissingworldintheblank.word,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.before→ago

2.Surprised→surprising

3.does→with

4.season→seasonality

5.being→be

6.an→any

7.apparent→apparently

8.to→/

9.on^theotherhand

10.in^thethementalhospital

【解析】1.常用搭配。sevenyearsago表示“幾年前”。

2.形容詞誤用。此處的形容詞是修飾“l(fā)ink”，因此，用surprising表示“令人驚訝的，出乎意料的”更符合搭配。

3.固定搭配。aswith和…一樣。

4.固定搭配。bemorethan+形容詞，表示“很、非常”，相當(dāng)于very;根據(jù)后文的also可知，此處應(yīng)該是bemorethan+名詞，表示“不僅僅是”。因此，將形容詞seasonal改成名詞seasonality（季節(jié)性），即“然而，謀殺不只是季節(jié)性的”。

5.固定搭配。belikelytodosth.很可能做什么事。因此,being應(yīng)該改成動(dòng)詞原形be。

6.限定詞誤用。any表示“任一”之意，與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。

7.詞性誤用。主語是“ourintellectualseasonalcycles”，因此，形容詞“apparent”應(yīng)該改成副詞“apparently”，作狀語以修飾整句話，表示“顯然地’’。

8.語法題。并列的不定式由and和or連接時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，從第二個(gè)不定式開始，常省略to.因此，此處應(yīng)該將propose之前的to省略。

9.固定搭配。ontheotherhand另一方面。

10.冠詞遺漏。句中已經(jīng)有單詞admissions表示“進(jìn)入”之意，因此，后面的狀語應(yīng)該只是表示地點(diǎn):“在醫(yī)院里”。因此，此處要加上冠詞the。

7.單選題

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,（）.

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.（有那么幾秒鐘，當(dāng)交易員們認(rèn)為微軟股價(jià)下跌、甲骨文股價(jià)上漲時(shí)，埃里森的股價(jià)只比蓋茨便宜20萬美元。）因此B選項(xiàng)“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨身價(jià)少20萬美元”正確。A選項(xiàng)“埃里森和比爾?蓋茨一樣富有”不正確，文章討論的是他們的身價(jià)，而不是誰更有錢。C選項(xiàng)“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨更富有”，不正確，文章沒有給出這個(gè)信息；D選項(xiàng)“甲骨文比微軟有更多的錢”，根據(jù)埃里森的身價(jià)沒有比爾蓋茨高可以推斷甲骨文（埃里森的公司）應(yīng)該是沒有微軟更有錢的。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.（與蓋茨不同的是，他不熱衷于慈善事業(yè)，更喜歡按自己的方式花錢。）因此C選項(xiàng)“在慈善事業(yè)上花的錢不多”正確。A選項(xiàng)“來自一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.（雖然蓋茨來自一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的家庭，但埃里森仍然不知道他的父親是誰。）A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)貧窮的父親”，他甚至都不知道自己的父親是誰，不正確；D選項(xiàng)“出生在加利福尼亞”，后文說他自己駕車去了加利福尼亞，所以可以判斷他不是在這里出生的，錯(cuò)誤。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).（他有自己的私人空軍，一個(gè)駐扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞機(jī)場(chǎng)的軍事風(fēng)格的機(jī)組人員，幫助他駕駛灣流V型噴氣式飛機(jī)。）因此A選項(xiàng)是他的所有物；同樣在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.（一架從意大利進(jìn)口的馬爾切蒂戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)，以及其他幾架飛機(jī)，包括給他兒子的一名教練員。）因此B選項(xiàng)也是他的所有物；在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.（他有一輛相對(duì)普通的保時(shí)捷Boxster，兩輛經(jīng)過特別改裝的奔馳和一輛價(jià)值90萬美元的銀色邁凱輪。）因此C選項(xiàng)也是他的所有物；只有D選項(xiàng)是原文沒有提到的，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第六段Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.（隨著夏天的臨近，他可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難抗拒他的游艇——世界上最長(zhǎng)的游艇之一“Sakura”和他瘋狂的“Sayonara”(日語“再見”)的誘惑。）可以推斷出Ellison本人是熱衷于游艇運(yùn)動(dòng)的，因此C選項(xiàng)“埃里森熱衷于游艇運(yùn)動(dòng)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“埃里森缺乏冷靜的特質(zhì)”，文章并沒有給出明確表示；B選項(xiàng)“埃里森不喜歡日本文化”，在第三段的最后一句話Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.（出于對(duì)日本文化最了解的原因，埃里森癡迷于日本文化。），因此B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“埃里森的業(yè)務(wù)從一開始就進(jìn)展順利”，一開始的時(shí)候他的公司幾近崩潰，是后來挺過來了才蒸蒸日上，因此D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第五段的最后一句話Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.（甲骨文的軟件在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上比蓋茨的Windows系統(tǒng)更友好，這是該公司最近股價(jià)上漲的一個(gè)原因。）由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“它的軟件比微軟在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上更友好”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它的股價(jià)相當(dāng)高”原文沒有提到；B選項(xiàng)“他比微軟有更多的員工”，文章沒有說這個(gè)是優(yōu)勢(shì)；C選項(xiàng)“它是最大的西方公司”，這個(gè)是文章沒有說到的。

8.單選題

Hesettheengineofthecar（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.going

B.go

C.togoing

D.ongoing

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。setsth.doing表示“使……開始”；settodo表示“動(dòng)手干（認(rèn)真開始干，爭(zhēng)論，拳賽，毆斗）”。此處表示使車的引擎發(fā)動(dòng)，因此選A。句意：他發(fā)動(dòng)了汽車的引擎。

9.單選題

Ms.Fineenthusiasticallyinquiredaboutherson’sdayatschool,butherepliedwitha______“prettygood.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.terse

B.pithy

C.complacent

D.acquiescent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)terse表示“簡(jiǎn)潔的，精練的，扼要的”，B項(xiàng)pithy表示“有髓的，多髓的，精練的”，C項(xiàng)complacent表示“自滿的，得意的，滿足的”，D項(xiàng)acquiescent表示“默認(rèn)的，默許的，甘心接受的”。根據(jù)enthusiastically（滿腔熱情地）以及but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，butherepliedwitha______“prettygood.”應(yīng)該表示“但是他簡(jiǎn)短的回答了‘非常好’三個(gè)字”。句意：范恩熱情地詢問兒子在學(xué)校的日子怎么樣，但他簡(jiǎn)短地回答說：“非常好?！币虼?，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

參與并取勝，這就是奧林匹克精神。他表現(xiàn)于弱者勇于向強(qiáng)者挑戰(zhàn)，也表現(xiàn)于強(qiáng)者力爭(zhēng)取得更好的成績(jī)。勝而又勝，優(yōu)而更優(yōu)，這種理想一直鼓舞著運(yùn)動(dòng)員奮力前進(jìn)。有人說競(jìng)技者終宄會(huì)是失敗者，即使是最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員也終將被更強(qiáng)者淘汰。成千上萬個(gè)失敗者才涌現(xiàn)一個(gè)勝利者，這個(gè)勝利者最終仍將被取代，擠出光榮榜——這就是競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律。然而運(yùn)動(dòng)員卻從不為這種不可避免的失敗結(jié)局所沮喪，仍然力爭(zhēng)最佳發(fā)揮。

【答案】Toparticipateandtowin—thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtodefythestrong,andthestrongstrivingforeverbetterperformance.Everbetter—theidealalwaysluringasportsmanforward.Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobesurpassedbysomeonestillstronger.Thousandsofloserssetoffonevictorwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.Thisistheruleofsports.However,undauntedbytheinevitablefailure,heisalwaysstrivingtodothebesthecan.

11.單選題

ForitsfirstLondontour,Moscow’sSovrenmenniktheatercompany（）offwiththeplayitwasfirstallowedtostageaftercensorshipwaseasedinthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turned

B.kicked

C.made

D.switched

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。turnoff“關(guān)閉”；kickoff“開始干某事”；madeoff“逃走”；switchoff“關(guān)掉”。句意：在審查制度放松后，第一次倫敦巡演，莫斯科蘇維瑞門尼克劇院第一次開始被允許在舞臺(tái)上表演。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Herspeechwas（

）andcausedalotofangrycomment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.prone

C.provocative

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來的，預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)prone“有…傾向的”；C選項(xiàng)provocative“刺激的，挑撥的，氣人的”；D選項(xiàng)promising“有希望的”。句意：她的演講很氣人，引起了許多憤怒的評(píng)論。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Historianshaveonlyrecentlybeguntonotetheincreaseindemandforluxurygoodsandservicesthattookplacein18th-centuryEngland.McKendrickhasexploredtheWedgwoodfirm'sremarkablesuccessinmarketingluxurypottery;Plumbhaswrittenabouttheproliferationofprovincialtheaters,musicalfestivals,andchildren'stoysandbooks.Whilethefactofthisconsumerrevolutionishardlyindoubt,threekeyquestionsremain:Whoweretheconsumers?Whatweretheirmotives?Andwhatweretheeffectsofthenewdemandforluxuries?

Ananswertothefirstofthesehasbeendifficulttoobtain.Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturesandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.Westillneedtoknowhowlargethisconsumermarketwasandhowfardownthesocialscaletheconsumerdemandforluxurygoodspenetrated.Withregardtothislastquestion,wemightnoteinpassingthatThompson,whilerightlyrestoringlaboringpeopletothestageof18th-centuryEnglishhistory,hasprobablyexaggeratedtheoppositionofthesepeopletotheinroadsofcapitalistconsumerismingeneral;forexample,laboringpeopleineighteenth-centuryEnglandreadilyshiftedfromhome-brewedbeertostandardizedbeerproducedbyhuge,heavilycapitalizedurbanbreweries.

Toanswerthequestionofwhyconsumersbecamesoeagertobuy,somehistorianshavepointedtotheabilityofmanufacturerstoadvertiseinarelativelyuncensoredpress.This,however,hardlyseemsasufficientanswer.McKendrickfavorsaVeblenmodelofconspicuousconsumptionstimulatedbycompetitionforstatus.The"middlingsort"boughtgoodsandservicesbecausetheywantedtofollowfashionssetbytherich.Again,wemaywonderwhetherthisexplanationissufficient.Donotpeopleenjoybuyingthingsasaformofself-gratification?Ifso,consumerismcouldbeseenasaproductoftheriseofnewconceptsofindividualismandmaterialism(apreoccupationwithorstressuponmaterialratherthanintellectualorspiritualthings),butnotnecessarilyofthefrenzyforconspicuouscompetition.

Finally,whatweretheconsequencesofthisconsumerdemandforluxuries?McKendrickclaimsthatitgoesalongwaytowardexplainingthecoiningoftheIndustrialRevolution.Butdoesit?What,forexample,doestheproductionofhigh-qualitypotteryandtoyshavetodowiththedevelopmentofironmanufactureortextilemills?Itisperfectlypossibletohavethepsychologyandrealityofaconsumersocietywithoutaheavyindustrialsector.

Thatfutureexplorationofthesekeyquestionsisundoubtedlynecessaryshouldnot,however,diminishtheforceoftheconclusionofrecentstudies:theinsatiabledemandineighteenth-centuryEnglandforfrivolousaswellasusefulgoodsandservicesforeshadowsourownworld.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthormentionsMcKendrickandPlumbmostprobablyinorderto（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingitems,ifpreservedfrom18th-centuryEngland,wouldprovideanexampleofthekindofdocumentsmentionedinlines3-4,Paragraph2?

3.Accordingtothetext,Thompsonattributestolaboringpeoplein18th-centuryEnglandwhichofthefollowingattitudestowardcapitalistconsumerism?

4.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

5.Accordingtothetext,18th-centuryEnglandandthecontemporaryworldofthetextreadersare（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contrasttheirviewsonthesubjectofluxuryconsumerismin18th-centuryEngland

B.indicatetheinadequacyofhistoriographicalapproachesto18th-centuryEnglishhistory

C.giveexamplesofhistorianswhohavehelpedtoestablishthefactofgrowingconsumerismin18th-centuryEngland

D.supportthecontentionthatkeyquestionsabout18th-centuryconsumerismremaintobeanswered

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Awrittenagreementbetweenasupplierofrawmaterialsandasupplierofluxurygoods.

B.Adiarythatmentionsluxurygoodsandservicespurchasedbyitsauthor.

C.Atheaterticketstampedwiththedateandnameofaparticularplay.

D.Apayrollrecordfromacompanythatproducedluxurygoodssuchaspottery.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Enthusiasm.

B.Curiosity.

C.Ambivalence.

D.Hostility.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.contrastingtwothesesandofferingacompromise

B.questioningtwoexplanationsandproposingapossiblealternativetothem

C.paraphrasingtheworkoftwohistoriansandquestioningtheirassumptions

D.examiningtwotheoriesandendorsingoneovertheother

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.dissimilarintheextenttowhichluxuryconsumerismcouldbesaidtobewidespreadamongthesocialclasses

B.dissimilarintheirdefinitionsofluxurygoodsandservices

C.dissimilarintheextenttowhichluxurygoodscouldbesaidtobestimulantofindustrialdevelopment

D.similarintheirstrongdemandforavarietyofgoodsandservices

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知第一句為本段的中心句。作者列舉McKendrick和Plumb是為了說明他們做了相關(guān)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了人們對(duì)奢侈商品和服務(wù)需求的增加。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.”只有實(shí)際消費(fèi)者寫的相關(guān)私人資料才能讓人精確掌握"他想要什么"。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第3題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Thompson”定位在第二段的后半部分“...,hasprobablyexaggeratedtheoppositionofthesepeopletotheinroadsofcapitalistconsumerismingeneral.”Thompson可能夸大了勞動(dòng)人民對(duì)資本主義消費(fèi)方式的抵抗情緒。所以選項(xiàng)D敵對(duì)的，符合原文。

第4題:信息歸納題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要就“消費(fèi)者為什么變得那么急于購(gòu)物”的原因展開，作者提到兩個(gè)原因但給出了自己的質(zhì)疑，隨后給出自己的見解，即作者認(rèn)為人們喜愛購(gòu)物是一種自我滿足的形式。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

第5題:信息推斷題。題干中的"thecontemporaryworld"與最后一段中的"ourownworld"同義。所以根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“theinsatiabledemandineighteenth-centuryEnglandforfrivolousaswellasusefulgoodsandservicesforeshadowsourownworld.”18世紀(jì)英國(guó)對(duì)那些有用的瑣碎商品及服務(wù)的不知足預(yù)示了我們目前這個(gè)世界的特征。所以選項(xiàng)D共同點(diǎn)在于他們對(duì)不同商品的強(qiáng)烈追求，符合原文。

14.單選題

Theshipwas（）inastormoffJamaica.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.owned

B.sunk

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。此處考查的是動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式作為形容詞使用的詞義，A選項(xiàng)owned“自身擁有的”；B選項(xiàng)sunk“凹陷的；低沉的；失去希望的”；C選項(xiàng)wrecked“失事的”；D選項(xiàng)submitted“屈服的”。句意：這艘船在牙買加附近的風(fēng)暴中……?！帮L(fēng)暴”與“船”聯(lián)系在一起，符合常理的就是“失事”了，C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.Descriptionslike‘PaleolithicMan’,‘NeolithicMan’,etc.,neatlysumup