考研考博-英語-安徽理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Formostofhumanhistory,thedominantconcernsaboutenergyhavecenteredonthebenefitside.Inadequacyofenergyresourcesofthetechnologiesforharvesting,converting,anddistributingthoseresourceshasmeantinsufficientenergybenefitstohumanbeingsandhenceinconvenience,andconstraintsonitsgrowth.The1970’s，then,representedaturningpoint.Energywasseentobegettingcostlierinallrespects.Itbegantobebelievablethatexcessiveenergycostscouldposethreatsonaparwiththoseofinsufficientsupply.Italsobecamepossibletothinkthatexpandingsomeformsofenergysupplycouldcreatecostsexceedingthebenefits.

Thecrucialquestionatthebeginningofthe1990'siswhetherthetrendthatbeganinthe1970’swillprovetobetemporaryorpermanent.Istheeraofcheapenergyreallyover,orwillacombinationofnewresources,newtechnologyandchanginggeopoliticsbringitback?Onekeydeterminantoftheansweristhestaggeringscaleofenergydemandbroughtforthby100yearsofpopulationgrowthandindustrialdemand.

ExceptforthehugepoolofoilunderlyingtheMiddleEast,thecheapestoilandgasarealreadygone.Evenifafewmoregiantoilfieldsarediscovered,theywillmakelittledifferenceagainstconsumptionontoday’sscale.Oilandgaswillhavetocomeincreasingly,formostcountries,fromdeeperintheearthandfromimportswhosereliabilityandaffordabilitycannotbeguaranteed.

【答案】在人類歷史發(fā)展的長河中，人們主要關(guān)心的是能源有利的一面。能源資源不足，或者為開采、加工和分配這些資源所需技術(shù)的不足，會影響能源為人類帶來的利益，同時意味著能源的增長遭到干擾和限制。到了20世紀70年代，出現(xiàn)了一個轉(zhuǎn)折點，能源多方成本所帶來的威脅已同能源供應(yīng)不足所產(chǎn)生的威脅不相上下。同時，也有人擔(dān)心，依靠擴大能源資源增加供應(yīng)所需付出的代價，也許大于其所帶來的利益。

20世紀90年代初期人們關(guān)注的焦點在于，這種始于70年代的能源發(fā)展趨勢是暫時的還是長遠的。廉價能源時代真的一去不返，還是通過開發(fā)新能源、應(yīng)用新技術(shù)、改革地緣政治秩序等措施，有可能重登歷史舞臺？這個問題的一個關(guān)鍵因素是過去100年以來因人口空前增長帶來巨大的能源需求以及工業(yè)需求。

除了中東地區(qū)蘊藏著巨大的石油資源以外，地球上廉價的油氣資源已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。即使偶爾找到幾個大油田，同當(dāng)今巨大的能源消耗相比，也是杯水車薪。對于大多數(shù)國家來說，資源越來越多地依賴于深層埋藏，越來越多地依賴進口，且不說進口油氣資源的可靠性無法得到保障，其對于進口國的購買力也是一個考驗。

2.單選題

Ifeachrepresentativepresentheremakeshisusualspeech,themeetingwillbe（

）morethananhour.

問題1選項

A.expanded

B.prolonged

C.delayed

D.exceeded

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項expand“擴張”；B選項prolong“延長”；C選項delay“延遲”；D選項exceed“超過”。句意：如果每位出席的代表都像往常一樣發(fā)言，會議將延長一個多小時。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprospectedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyUSautographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.

Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.

Inspring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar.BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.

1.WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?

2.AftertheCivilWartherewasagreatdemandinBritainfor（）.

3.RobertSpringspent15years（）.

4.WhowasMissFannyJackson?

5.HowdidRobertSpringstarttosellforgeries?

6.AllofthefollowingarewaysaforgerusesEXCEPT（）.

7.WecaninferthatGeneral“StonewallJackson”was（）.

8.Wecaninferthatsharp-eyedexpertsarethosewho（）.

問題1選項

A.TherewasagreaterdemandtherethaninAmerican.

B.Therewaslesschanceofbeingdetectedthere.

C.BritainwasSpring'sbirthplace.

D.ThepriceswerehigherinEnglandandCanada.

問題2選項

A.southernmoney

B.signatureofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklin

C.southernmanuscriptsandletters

D.CivilWarbattleplans

問題3選項

A.runningabookstoreinPhiladelphia

B.correspondingwithMissFannyJackson

C.asaforger

D.asrespectabledealer

問題4選項

A.TheonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.

B.Alittleknowngirlwhosoldherfather'spapertoRobertSpring.

C.RobertSpring'sdaughter.

D.AnimaginarypersoncreatedbySpring

問題5選項

A.Hediscoveredthathehadtheabilityofcopyinghandwriting.

B.Hewasalmostdyinginpoverty.

C.ThecollectionofearlyUSautographswasallsoldout.

D.Hewastryingtomakealiving.

問題6選項

A.Buyingoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage

B.treatingpaperwithchemicals

C.treatinginkwithchemicals

D.addingnewpaperintotheoldbooks

問題7選項

A.arealperson

B.animaginaryperson

C.anunknownperson

D.notageneralatall

問題8選項

A.havegoodeyesighttoreadbooks

B.arehighlyskilledatdistinguishingtheforgeriesandtheoriginals

C.haveakeeninsightintounderstandingworldaffairs

D.canseefarintothedistance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“EnglandandCanada”定位到第一段最后一句“Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.”Spring將贗品送到英國和加拿大售賣是因為被查到的機會更小,選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之后,英國人依然對南部各州情有獨鐘。于是Spring虛構(gòu)出Jackson將軍的獨生女,因貧困賣掉大量屬于她著名父親的信件和手稿。所以選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“15years”定位到第一段第一句“RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.”19世紀的偽造者RobertSpring非常擅長自己的職業(yè),他靠出售美國名人的假簽名謀生15年。所以選項C正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容以及關(guān)鍵詞“invented”可知,FannyJackson只是Spring虛構(gòu)出來的一個人物,目的是為了售賣他造假的Jackson將軍的手稿和信件,所以選項D正確。

5.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.”當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有抄寫筆跡的能力,于是開始模仿喬治?華盛頓和本?富蘭克林的簽名,并把它們寫在舊書的扉頁上。選項A符合原文。

6.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知“theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.”他們買舊書來使用扉頁的舊紙,他們可以用化學(xué)物質(zhì)處理紙張和墨水。只有選項D沒有提及。

7.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,雖然FannyJackson是Spring虛構(gòu)的人物,但“石墻”將軍這個人是真實存在的,因為Spring所造假的手稿和信件是這位將軍的,所以選項A正確。

8.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“...leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.”留給目光敏銳的專家們一項艱巨的任務(wù):將他（Spring）的贗品與真品分開。選項B符合原文。

4.單選題

Iremindedhimthatwehadaskedforanordinaryroom,notaspecialroom,andwhenIinquiredwhatisunusualaboutourroom,heseemednottowanttoanswer.

問題1選項

A.hadaskedforanordinaryroom，not

B.inquiredwhat

C.unusualabout

D.seemednottowant

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞誤用。將unusual改為special。句意:我提醒他,我們要求入住的是普通間,而不是專用房，并且，當(dāng)我詢問我們的房間有什么特殊時,他似乎不想回答。unusual不尋常的；不平常的。special特別的；專門的。

5.單選題

Hespokeso（）thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

問題1選項

A.reservedly

B.emphatically

C.determinedly

D.convincingly

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項reservedly“決然地；斷然地”；B選項emphatically“著重地；強調(diào)地；斷然地”；C選項determinedly“決然地；斷然地”；D選項convincingly“令人信服地；有說服力地”。句意：他如此令人信服地發(fā)言，以至于他的對手都被他的辯論所說服。根據(jù)句意，D選項正確。

6.單選題

Thecrowdcheeredin（

）whentheplayerscaughttheball.

問題1選項

A.recognition

B.appreciation

C.interaction

D.participation

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。recognition“識別；承認，認出；”;appreciation“欣賞，鑒別;感謝”;interaction“相互作用”；participation“參與;分享;參股”。根據(jù)cheer與caughttheball可知觀眾是因為球被接住歡呼，對球員表示贊賞，因此選項B符合題意。句意：當(dāng)球員接住球時，觀眾歡呼表示贊賞。

7.單選題

Fortensofthousandsofprofoundlydeafadultsandchildrenworldwide,cochleaimplantshaveprovidedausefulsubstitutefornaturalhearing.Thesedeviceselectricallystimulatetheauditorynervewithinthecochlea,enablingmanyuserstocarryonaconversationwithoutvisualcues,suchasoverthetelephone.Butforthepatientswhosenerveendingshavedegeneratedorwhoseauditorynerveshavebeendestroyed,theonlyhopeforrestoringhearingistoaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.NowCaliforniaresearchersaregearinguptodojustthat,goingbeyondcochleaimplantswithadevicethatwillplugdirectlyintothebrain.

AttheHuntingtonMedicalResearchInstitutes(HMEI)inPasadena.Calif,neuro-physiologistDouglasMcCreeyshowsoffacatthatisalreadyusingthenewdevice.Likeacochleaimplant,itconsistsofanexternalspeechprocessorandareceiverimplantedunderthescalp.Butthewiresfromthereceiverbypassthecochleaandinsteadtravelallthewaytothebrainstem.Theyendinanarrayofsixiridiummicroelectrodesthatpenetratetheventralcochleanucleus,oneoftheauditorycentersthatnormallyreceiveinputfromthecochlea.TheimplantisnotmeanttoenableMcCerry’scattohear,itsnaturalhearingisinfactstillintact.RatherMcCreeyrecordstheneuralsignalstheimplantproducesandfindsthatthesignalsconveythefrequencycodedinformationappropriateforthecomprehensionofspeech.

Initscurrentformthebrainstemimplantfeaturesanarrayofeightflatelectricalcontactsthataresimplyplacedagainstthesurfaceofthebrainstemneartheventralcochleanucleus.Therecipientsofthesedevices—about150peopleglobally—getenoughauditoryinformationtoimprovetheirlip-readingskillsandtoperceiveenvironmentalsounds,buttheyrarelyattaingoodspeechcomprehensionintheabsenceofvisualcues.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.What’sthegoalofCaliforniaresearchersmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydoesDouglasMcCreeryshowoffacat?

問題1選項

A.Cochleaimplants.

B.Reasonsofdeaf

C.Anewauditoryremedy.

D.Structureoftheauditorysystem.

問題2選項

A.Tofindanewmethodofcochlearimplant.

B.Tostimulatetheauditorynervewithinthecochlear.

C.Tostudycat’scochlea.

D.Toaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.

問題3選項

A.Toadvocatepeopletoprotectanimals.

B.Tocurethecat'shearingloss.

C.Tocarryoutcochlearimplantonthecat.

D.Togiveadisplayofthenewdevice

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，開頭提到了耳蝸植入裝置使許多使用者能夠在沒有視覺提示的情況下進行交談，但對于神經(jīng)末梢退化或聽覺神經(jīng)受損的患者卻沒用。因此加州的研究人員正在研究一種可以直接插入大腦的植入式耳蝸。接下來的內(nèi)容則是具體的這項新的研究，所以選項C“一種新的聽覺療法”最能概括全文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“NowCaliforniaresearchersaregearinguptodojustthat,goingbeyondcochleaimplantswithadevicethatwillplugdirectlyintothebrain.現(xiàn)在，加州的研究人員正準備這樣做，這是一種可以直接插入大腦的植入式耳蝸?！痹闹械摹皌hat”即上文提到的“toaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.進入聽覺系統(tǒng)的后期。”所以選項D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“AttheHuntingtonMedicalResearchInstitutes(HMEI)inPasadena.Calif,neuro-physiologistDouglasMcCreeyshowsoffacatthatisalreadyusingthenewdevice.加州神經(jīng)生理學(xué)家DouglasMcCreey展示了一只已經(jīng)在使用這種新設(shè)備的貓?！庇纱丝芍珼ouglasMcCreery實際上是在展示新的設(shè)備，所以選項D正確。

8.單選題

Oneimpediment（

）thegeneraluseofastandardinpronunciationisthefact（

）pronunciationislearntnaturallyandunconsciously,whileorthographyislearntdeliberatelyandconsciously.

問題1選項

A.in...which

B.of...inwhich

C.on...that

D.to…that

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配及同位語從句。Oneimpedimentto“障礙”，第二個空格后的句子是前面fact的同位語，因此由that引導(dǎo)。D選項符合題意。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

Ibelievethateveryhumanbeinghasatalent-somethingthathecanbebetterthananyoneelse.AndIbelievethatthedistinctionbetweenso-called“creative”talentsandordinaryrun-of-the-milltalentsisanunnecessaryandman-madedistinction.Ihaveknownexterminators,typists,waitressesandmachinistswhosecreativejoyandself-fulfillmentintheirworkcouldnotbysurpassedbyShakespeare’sorEinstein’s

Ialsobelievethatintheprocessofsearching,noexperienceiseverwasted,unlessweallowourselvestorunoutofhope.InmyowncaseIhad34differentjobsbeforeIfoundtherightone.Manyofthesejobswereheartbreakinglydifficult.Afewoftheminvolvedworkingwithunscrupulousandhorriblyunpleasantpeople,yet,inlookingback,Icanseethatthemostunpleasantofthesejobs,inmanycases,givemethebiggestdividends—themostvaluablepreparationformyproperlifework.

【答案】我認為，每個人都會在某一方面比別人更有天賦。我認為沒有必要去區(qū)分所謂的“創(chuàng)造性”天賦和普通天賦，這些不過是認為的區(qū)分。我認識的殺蟲員、打字員、女服務(wù)員、機械師，他們在工作中所創(chuàng)造的快樂和滿足感是莎士比亞和愛因斯坦都無法超越的。

我也相信在探索的過程中，任何經(jīng)歷都不會被浪費，除非我們允許自己放棄希望。就我自己而言，在找到合適的那份工作之前，我嘗試過34份工作，其中一些工作特別艱難。少數(shù)幾份工作需要和一些難以相處的人共事，但是回過頭來我發(fā)現(xiàn)那些令人最難堪的工作給了我最豐厚的報酬—成為我正確事業(yè)生涯的最有價值的準備。

10.單選題

（

）withtheheightoftheskyscraper,thismountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.

問題1選項

A.Whencompared

B.Whilecomparing

C.Compare

D.Comparing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:當(dāng)與摩天大樓的高度相比吋，這座山看起來根本不高。

語法題?？疾檫^去分詞做狀語。此句主語為thismountain,前半句為動詞compare的過去分詞做比較狀語。分句中動詞compare與邏輯主語thismountain之間是被動關(guān)系,故選A。

11.填空題

（1）tothelaw,（2）driversmusthavealicence.

Anyonewhodriveswithoutalicenceis（3）thelaw.

【答案】1.According

2.all

3.breaking

【解析】1.固定搭配。Accordingto根據(jù)，按照。

2.語義題。句意:所有司機都必須有駕照。

3.固定搭配。breakthelaw違法。根據(jù)句意此處需要用現(xiàn)在進行時。

12.單選題

Amywaselectedchairmanofthecommitteebya（

）vote.

問題1選項

A.ambiguous

B.synonymous

C.simultaneous

D.unanimous

【答案】D

【解析】ambiguous模糊不清的；synonymous同義的；simultaneous同時發(fā)生的；unanimous全體一致的。句意:艾米經(jīng)全體一致投票當(dāng)選為委員會主席。選項D符合句意。

13.單選題

Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportant（）ofAmericanlife.

問題1選項

A.facets

B.formats

C.formulas

D.fashions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項facets“方面”；B選項formats“構(gòu)成”；C選項formulas“方案”；D選項fashions“風(fēng)尚”。句意：這本書是關(guān)于這些基本信念和價值觀如何影響美國生活的重要方面。本句表示美國生活的重要方面。因此A選項正確。

14.單選題

Wewatchthe（）oftheparachutesallthewayfromtheaircrafttotheground.

問題1選項

A.decline

B.spiral

C.descent

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】decline衰落；spiral螺旋上升；descend下降；sink下沉，滲透。根據(jù)句意可知，降落傘是從飛機上降落到地上，所以選項C符合句意。

15.單選題

Amoment’sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyofuscannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrillingthatmaylastperhapsaminuteortwo,wedemandtheneedle—ashotofnovocaine—thatdeadensthenervesaroundthetooth.

Nowit’struethatthehumanbodyhasdevelopeditsmillionsofnervestobehighlyawareofwhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsideofit.Thishelpsusadjusttotheworld.Withoutournerves—andourbrain,whichisabundleofnerves-wewouldn’tknowwhat’shappening.Butwepayforoursensitivity.Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.Thehistoryoftortureisbasedonthehumanbodybeingopentopain.

Butthereisawaytohandlepain.LookattheIndianfakirwhositsonabedofnails.Fakirscanputaneedlerightthroughanarm,andfeelnopain.Thisabilitythatsomehumanshavedevelopedtohandlepainshouldgiveusideasabouthowthemindcandealwithpain.

Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.Ifthedentistsays,thiswillhurtalittle,ithelpsustoacceptthepain.Bystayingrelaxed,andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation,wecanhandlethepainwithoutfallingapart.Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout____________.

2.Thesentence“Butwepayforoursensitivity”inthesecondparagraphimpliesthat____________.

3.WhentheauthormentionstheIndianfakir,hesuggeststhat____________.

4.Themostimportantthingtohandlepainis____________.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspainis____________.

問題1選項

A.howtosufferpain

B.howtoavoidpain

C.howtohandlepain

D.howtostoppain

問題2選項

A.weshouldpayadebtforourfeeling

B.wehavetobehurtwhenwefeelsomething

C.ourpainisworthfeeling

D.whenwefeelpain,wearesufferingit

問題3選項

A.Indiansarenotatallafraidofpain

B.peoplemaybesenselessofpain

C.somepeopleareabletohandlepain

D.fakirshavemagictoputneedlesrightthroughtheirarms

問題4選項

A.howwelookatpain

B.tofeelpainasmuchaspossible

C.toshowaninterestinpain

D.toacceptthepainreluctantly

問題5選項

A.Pessimistic

B.optimistic

C.radical

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Butthereisawaytohandlepain.（但有種方法可以緩解疼痛），可知下文的內(nèi)容在講如何緩解疼痛，故C選項“如何緩解疼痛”正確，A選項“如何承受疼痛”和D選項“如何停止疼痛”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。B選項“如何避免疼痛”：文章只是講到通過打針避免疼痛，但這不是主要內(nèi)容，故錯誤。因此C選項正確。

2.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.（當(dāng)我們身體的任何部位出了一點問題，我們都能感覺到疼痛。），可知疼痛反映身體部位的情況，故D選項“我們感到疼痛時，代表我們的身體正在承受疼痛”正確。A選項“我們應(yīng)該為我們的感覺償還債務(wù)”：句意不通，故錯誤。B選項“如果我們有感覺就會受傷”：有感覺和受傷沒有因果關(guān)系，故錯誤。C選項“我們的疼痛值得感受”：文章沒有提到疼痛是否值得，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段第三句Bystayingrelaxed,andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation,wecanhandlethepainwithoutfallingapart.（保持放松，把疼痛當(dāng)作一種有趣的感覺來對待，我們就能處理疼痛而不會崩潰。），可知個人對于疼痛的承受力可以改變，苦行僧就是一個例子，故C選項“有些人能夠承受疼痛”正確。A選項“印度人一點也不怕疼痛”：苦行僧不等同于印度人，故錯誤。B選項“人們可能對痛苦毫無知覺”：上文說到我們的身體出了一點問題，我們都能感覺到疼痛，故錯誤。D選項“苦行僧有把針穿過他們手臂的魔法”：這不是苦行僧的魔法，只是他們對疼痛的耐受力比較高。沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.（在忍受痛苦的過程中，最重要的是我們對它的態(tài)度。），可知我們?nèi)绾慰创弁词亲钪匾模蔄選項“我們?nèi)绾慰创弁础闭_。B選項“盡可能多地感受疼痛”：文中沒有提到，故錯誤。C選項“對疼痛感興趣”：文中說的是treatingthepainasaninterestingsensation（把疼痛當(dāng)作一種有趣的感覺來對待），而不是對疼痛本身感興趣，故錯誤。D選項“不情愿地接受疼痛”：根據(jù)文章，自愿接受疼痛才是可行的，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.（畢竟，雖然疼痛是一種不愉快的感覺，但它仍然是一種感覺，而感覺是生命的組成部分。），可知作者對疼痛持正向包容態(tài)度，認為疼痛是正常的，并不是多么可怕的壞事，故B選項“樂觀的”正確。A選項“悲觀的”，C選項“激進的”和D選項“諷刺的”都不符合題意，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

16.單選題

Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety’sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescencewasfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietywithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeofoneslife.Furthermorethelengthoftheadolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.ExamplesofthistypeofchangearedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.

Inmodernsociety,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificanceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationandcollegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertainbehavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio-economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesforadolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatus,roles,rights,privilegesandresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-firstthattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremovedandadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaregranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolongerconsideredachildandhaspayfullfarefortrain,airplane,theaterandmovietickets.Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificantadultright.Attheageofsixteentheadolescenceisgrantedcertainadultrightswhichincreasehissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmorefreedomandchoices.Henowcanobtainadriver'slicenseliecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithouttherestrictionsofchildlaborlaws.AttheageofeighteenthelawprovidesadultresponsibilitiesaswellasrightsTheyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocanmarrywithoutparentalpermission.Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanvote,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterintofinancialcontacts,andheisentitledtorunforpublicoffice.Noadditionalbasicrightsareacquiredasafunctionofageaftermaturitystatushasbeenattained.Noneoftheselegalprovisionsdetermineatwhatpointsadulthoodhasbeenreachedbuttheydopointtotheprolongedperiodofadolescence.

1.Theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerinindustrialsocietiesbecause（）

2.Formersocialceremoniesthatusedtomarkadolescencehavegivenplaceto（）.

3.Noonecanexpecttofullyenjoytheadulthoodprivilegesuntilheis（）.

4.Startingfrom22（）.

5.Accordingtothispassage,itisTUREthat（）.

問題1選項

A.thedefinitionofmaturityhaschanged

B.theindustrializedsocietyismoredeveloped

C.moreeducationisprovidedandlawsagainstchildlaboraremade

D.ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificance

問題2選項

A.graduationsfromschoolsandcolleges

B.socialrecognition

C.socio-economicstatus

D.certainbehavioralchanges

問題3選項

A.elevenyearsold

B.sixteenyearsold

C.twenty-oneyearsold

D.betweentwelveandtwenty-oneyearsold

問題4選項

A.onewillobtainmorebasicrights

B.theolderonebecomes,themorebasicrightshewillhave

C.onewon'tgetmorebasicrightsthanwhenheis21

D.onewillenjoymorerightgrantedbysociety

問題5選項

A.Inthelate19thcenturyintheUnitedStatesthedividinglinebetweenadolescenceandadulthoodnolongerexisted

B.noonecanmarrywithoutthepermissionofhisparentsuntiltheageoftwenty-one

C.oneisconsideredtohavereachedadulthoodwhenhehasadriver'slicense

D.oneisnotfreefromtherestrictionsofchildlaborlawsuntilhecanjointhearmy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“whileinindustrialsocietywithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlonger.”由于教育時間較長,法律又禁止童工,所以青春期要長得多。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的三四句“Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationandcollegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,...”社會儀式已經(jīng)被一系列的步驟所取代,即從小學(xué),高中和大學(xué)的畢業(yè)這一系列步驟。選項A正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段的后半部分“Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.”在21歲時,個人作為成年人獲得了完全的合法權(quán)利。選項C正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Noadditionalbasicrightsareacquiredasafunctionofageaftermaturitystatushasbeenattained.”當(dāng)達到成熟的年齡段,不再有12-21歲享有的這些基本權(quán)利。選項C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文可知選項B,C,D均錯誤,根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“ExamplesofthistypeofchangearedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStates,”所以選項A在19世紀末的美國,青春期和成年期之間的分界線已不復(fù)存在,符合原文。

17.單選題

Thisshouldbea（）foryou,weallknowyouwillfinishitintime.

問題1選項

A.cakehole

B.cakewalk

C.catchall

D.catcall

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項cakehole“嘴巴”；B選項cakewalk“步態(tài)競賽，一種步態(tài)舞，易如反掌之事”；C選項catchall“裝雜物的容器，總受器，分沫器”；D選項catcall“噓聲，不滿之聲，喝倒彩”。句意：這對你來說應(yīng)該是輕而易舉的事，我們都知道你會按時完成的。因此B選項正確。

18.單選題

Evensensiblemendo（）thingssometimes.

問題1選項

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.acute

D.apt

【答案】B

【解析】abrupt生硬的，唐突的；absurd荒謬的，可笑的；acute嚴重的，激烈的；apt恰當(dāng)?shù)?，靈敏的。句意：即使明智的人有時也會做荒唐的事。選項B符合語境。

19.單選題

Masonregrettedhavingspentsomuchtimeplayingwhenhe________forthefinal.

問題1選項

A.shouldhavestudied

B.hadstudied

C.wastostudy

D.muststudy

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞用法。句子意思：梅森后悔在（）期末作業(yè)的時候花了這么多時間玩耍。A選項，情態(tài)動詞+完成時表示的是“本……而沒有做”，比如wouldhavedone表示“將要做……而沒有做成”，shouldhavedone“本應(yīng)該做但是沒有做”，根據(jù)題干的語境來說正確答案選A；B是過去完成時，強調(diào)事情在過去已完成，如果在玩之前梅森已經(jīng)復(fù)習(xí)了就不會后悔了，所以B不選；C選項是將來時的過去式，表示在過去的時間打算要做某事，帶入句子中，梅森在打算復(fù)習(xí)期末考試的時候后悔花了很多時間玩耍，邏輯不通；D選項梅森在必須復(fù)習(xí)期末考試的時候后悔花了很多時間玩耍，雖然句意是對的，但是我們主句的時態(tài)是過去時但是D選項是現(xiàn)在時，所以D選項錯誤。

20.翻譯題

2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(5marks)

王毅表示，我們對美國有可能在韓部署薩德（THAAD）反導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的動向表示嚴重關(guān)切。薩德反導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)覆蓋范圍，特別是其X波段雷達（X-Bandradar）監(jiān)測范圍遠遠超出半島防衛(wèi)需求，深入亞洲大陸腹地，不僅將直接損害中國的戰(zhàn)略安全利益，也將損害本地區(qū)其他國家的安全利益。

【答案】Theproblemyoumentionedisveryimportant.WeshowgraveconcernsaboutthepossibledeploymentoftheTerminalHighAltitudeAreaDefense(THAAD)missiledefensesystembytheUSintheROK.ThecoverageoftheTHAADmissiledefensesystem,especiallythemonitoringrangeofitsX-bandradar,goesfarbeyondthedefenseneedoftheKoreanPeninsulaandwillreachdeepintotheAsianhinterland.ItwilldamagedirectlyChina’sstrategicsecurityinterestsandalsoharmsecurityinterestsofothercountriesintheregion.

21.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffer.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecause