2022年英語翻譯全本

..可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版ⅠGiveyourcommentsonthefollowingtitlesandkeywordsorrevisethemifnecessary.ⅰTitle(1)OnLearningForeignLanguagesandCulturalBackgroundTeachingForeignLanguagesLearningandCulturalBackgroundTeaching(2)AResearchontheArtificialNeuralNetwork(ANN)AppliedintheAnalysisofStructuralMechanicsResearchonisredundancy,shouldbeomitted.AnApplicationoftheArtificialNeuralNetworkintheAnalysisofStructuralMechanics.(3)DevelopingComputerInternetandtheSpreadofCultureandInformationDevelopingComputerInternetandtheSpreadingofCultureandInformation(4)InputtingCross-CulturalCommunicationforMoreEffectiveEnglishTeachingbyMeansofInputtingCross-culturalCommunicationinGeneralCollegeEnglishTeachingNotgoodInputtingCross-CulturalCommunicationforMoreEffectiveEnglishTeaching—ameansonGeneralCollegeEnglishteaching.(5)IsLiteratureUselessinTOEFL?AvoidingquestiontitleHowtouseliteratureinTOEFL(6)InnovationandMaterialRevolutionalittlebittoogeneral(7)PhaseEquilibria(平衡)BetweenFluorothene(聚氯三氟乙烯)andOrganicSolventsgoodtitle(8)CantheRateofWashLoadBePredictedfromtheBedloadFunction?AvoidingquestiontitleThePredictionofWashLoadRatebyBedLoadFunction(9)FocusingonthecommunicationSkills-AdvancedEnglishcommunicationCourseforNon-EnglishMajorPostgraduatesinTsinghuaGoodtitle(10)AbridgebetweenTwoWorldstoogeneralAbridgebetweenWorldsXandYⅱKeywordsKeywords:English,vocabulary,tendency.(withoutfullstopintheendofthekeywords)Keywords:CollocationContextConnection(usinglargespacebetweenwords)Keywords:Five-yearplans;economiccondition;industrystatisticaldata;Foreigninvestnent;chemicalindustry(good)(4)Keywords:watertransfer,systemanalysis,DSS(DSSnotacceptable)(5)Keywords:massmedia(toogeneral)(6)Keywords:nuclearwaste,nuclearfuelcycle,remediation,bioremediation,citrobacter,heavymetalaccumulation,uraniumtransuranicelements,echnetium,tributyphosphate,ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid(EDTA)(toomanywordsandtwospecific)Ⅱwriteoutthetitlesandkeywordsonthebasisofthefollowingabstractsabstract1Withthedevelopmentofmultimediatechnology,moreandmorepeoplegetinformationby“reading〞computer’sscreenanditresultsinanewcommunicationproblem.Whendevelopingamultimediapresentationprogram,itisveryimportanttoorganizethemultimediamaterialsinthewaythat“reader〞controltheprogramconveniently,concentrateonthemainpointquicklyandenjoythepresentationeasily...可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版Title:AnewcommunicationprobleminmultimediapresentationKeywords:Communicationproblem,multimedia,presentationAbstract2ThispaperexaminesusageofChinesetypography(印刷排版樣式)inaselectionofrecentaward-winningadvertisementsfromthemainlandChina,HongKongandTaiwan.Itarguesthatthevisualexpressionof“Chinese〞identifythroughtypographyreflectsdistinctculturalcontextsinwhichtheadvertisementswereproduced.Title:Onelanguage,threesystem-ChinesetypographyinadvertisinginMainland,HongKongandTaiwanKeywords:Onelanguage,threesystem,typography,advertisingAbstract3TheChinesecuisine(烹飪)naminghasitsspecificculturalimplications.Itsprimarymotivationischaracterizedwithstraightforwardness,asthenameofaChinesedishusuallycontainsfourparts:mainrawmaterial,subsidiaryrawmaterials,wayofcuttingandwayofcooking.ItsliteraltranslationintoEnglishgenerallydoesn’tcausemuchmisunderstanding.ThesecondarymotivationsofChinesecuisinenamingconsistoftheinitiator’snametheanimal’snameandtheplant’sname,whicharecharacterizedwithassociativeness.TheChinesecuisinenamingaftertheinitiator’sinvolvesculturalbackgroundknowledge.Asananimal’soraplant’snamemaycausedifferentassociationsbetweentheChinesepeopleandtheEnglish-speakingpeople,thecuisinenamingaftertheanimal’soraplant’snamemaygiveresetodifferentculturalimplications.ItstranslationintoEnglishoftenformscross-languageandcross-culturalissues.Recently,withmoreculturalbackgroundknowledgeinvolved,Chinesecuisinenaminghastendedtobecomediversifier(多樣化).Weshouldfollowtheprinciplesofstabilityandconsistencyincuisinenaminganditstranslation.Title:CulturalimplicationinChinesecuisinenamingKeywords:Culturalimplication,Chinesecuisine,namingAbstract4Inthe21stcentury,themostfiercecompetitionsareinthesupplyoftalentedpeopleofhighquality,notinindustryandscientifictechnology.If,tosay,20thcenturyisstillanerainwhich“wealthcomesfrommaterialresource〞,thenthe21stcenturyisgoingtobeacompletenewerainwhich“wealthcomesfromhumanresource.〞Totransformthe“examination-orientededucation〞intothe“quality-orientededucation〞isnotapartialadjustmentofteachingmethods,rather,itisasystematicprogramthatinvolvesvariousconceptssuchasthechangeofteachingmethods,rather,itisasystematicprogramthatinvolvesvariousconceptssuchasthechangeofeducationthinking,thereformofeducationalstructureandtherenovationofteachingmethods.Title:china’seducationfacingthechallengeof21stcenturyKeywords:Education,challenge,21stcenturyAbstract5Theglobalmarketcompetitionandthedevelopmentofnewtechnologieshavebroughtaboutchallengestomanufacturingengineering.Howtoadapttheshopfloorstructuretotheadvent(出現(xiàn))oftherevolutionofmanufacturingphilosophybecomesmoreandmoreimportant.Thispaperpresentsapolicybasedonsproduction-orientedsoftwareplatform(POSP)whichinsupportedbyareal-timeoperatingsystemanddatabase.Thestructureincludesfourparts:userinterface,applicationmanagement,communicationdeviceandreal-timedatabase.Itshowsthatsoftwareplatformcanprovidedgoodflexibilitytosystemdesignandreconfiguration.Title:SoftwareplatformonshopfloorKeywords:softwareplatform,real-timeoperatingsystem,floor,manufacturingsystemAbstract6..可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版Thepaperdescribesthedesignoftheunderwaterlasercommunicationsystem.Inoursystem,thelightpulseproducedbytheLDpumpedsolidlaserismodulatedbythevoicecoderinthetransmitterandrecoveredtovoiceinthereceiver.Thepeakpoweroflightpulseis1000wattherateof16Kb/s.Title:UnderwaterlasercommunicationsystemKeywords:underwatercommunication,LDpumpedsolidlaserIIIChoosefromcolumnAtheverbssimilarinmeaningtotheverbphrasesincolumnB.NotetherearemoreverbsincolumnAABb1.transmitauseupf2.assimilatebpassona3consumecgetridofe4diffusedputoffb5transferespreadoutc6eliminatef.takeinandused7suspende8increasea9exhaustedd10postponeⅣMaketheunderlinepartsofthefollowingsentencesmoreacceptableinprofessionalpapers1.Afteraholewasmadeinacore,anarrowglasstubewaspushedintoitandthecorkwaspushedintotheneckofabottlefilledwithcoloredwater.(wasinserted,wasinserted)2.Areservoirisnearlyalwayshigherthanthetowntowhichitsendsthewater,sothatgravitygivesthepushwhichcarriesthewaterthroughpipestohouses.(providethepressure,transports)3.Archimedeswatchedandnoticedthatthewaterinhisbathoverflowedwhenhegotin.(observed)4.Peoplegetnaturalrubberfromrubbertreesasawhitemilkyliquid,whichiscalledlatex.(obtain,isknownas)5.Butbyexperimenttheyfoundoutthatitismadeoftwoimportantgasesandverysmallamountsoftheothers.(itwasdiscovered,consistsof)6.Thebodythengetsridofthiscarbondioxidebybreathingout(eliminates,exhaling)7.Themooncanbesaidtobelikealargemirrorwhichthrowsbackthesun’slighttheearth.(comparedto,reflect)8.Thereasonisthattheheatattheendofthesilverspoonispassonquicklyfromonemoleculeofsilvertothenext.(transferredrapidly)9.Asexplainedpreviously,electronstravelroundthenucleus,justasplanetstravelroundthesun.(orbit,orbit)10.Themoleculesofthesubstanceareincontinualmotion.Theytrytospreadout.(diffuse)ⅤTrytoworkoutthemeaningofthegivenwordsandsupplytwootherexamplesthatyouknow.Prefix/suffixwordmeaningyourexamples..可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版Micro-microclimate小氣候microcomputermicroscopeHydro-hydrolyze水解hydrogenhydromechanical-logybiology生物學(xué)geologyphysiologyMulti-multiversity多人科學(xué)multimediamultiangular-graphmonograph專論autographyphotographyAuto-autonomous自治的autoalarmautobalance-ionabsorption吸收actionconnection-tudeamplitude振幅magnitudeⅥGiveantonymsofthefollowingbyusingaffixes(1)Waxdewax(2)Divisibleindivisible(3)Evidencecounter-evidence(4)Literacyilliteracy(5)Connectdisconnect(6)Windywindless(7)Applicationmisapplication(8)Metalnonmetal(9)User-friendlyuser-unfriendly(10)Deleteundelete(11)Realismirrealism(12)Armamentdisarmament(13)Fatanti-fat(14)Naturedenature(15)Missileantimissile(16)Matureimmature(17)Currentcountercurrent(18)Advantagedisadvantage(19)Pollutionantipollution(20)Behavemisbehave(21)Artificialinartificial(22)Materialimmaterial(23)Performancenonperformance(24)MatterantimatterⅦTranslatethefollowingwordsintoChinese.Eco-friendly環(huán)境友好，不破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境Movie-holic看電影成癮Short-circuit短路Overstate夸張Dust-free防塵的Redox:reduction-oxidation氧化復(fù)原PIP:pictureinpicture畫中畫ROM只讀存儲(chǔ)器Pinger微波爐Overcharge過載..可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版Three-phase三相Underline強(qiáng)調(diào)Biophysical生物物理Machine-recognized機(jī)器識(shí)別High-than-average高于平均值Speedometer速度表Moonman太空人AI:artificialintelligence人工智能Varistor變阻器Work-holic工作狂ⅧAnalyzetheabstractbelow,followingthedirectionsstatedbelow,ifpossible.CategorizeabstractUnderlinethetopicsentence(s)CirclethesupportingsentencesDrawaboxaroundtheconclusion1(descriptiveabstract描述性、表達(dá)型)ThispapercomparesEastandWest(AmericanandChinese)campaignpracticesandrevealstheprominenceofcultureanditsimpactsupontheoperationofpubliccommunicationcampaigns.Specially,thiscomparativestudyshowsthat,ChineseandAmericancampaignpracticesdifferin(1)ideologiesandperceptions;(2)approachesandstrategies;and(3)implementationsandevaluations.Inrunningthecampaigns,Americanrelyheavilyonmassmediaandconcentrateonshort-termgoals,whereasChinesedependsmoreoninterpersonalinfluencesandprimarilyonlong-termsocialeffects.Thesedifferencesincampaignpracticesarehoweverattributabletotheirrespectiveculturalorientations.2(informational-indicative資料概括型)Thispaperpresentsinasystematicwaygrammaticalanalysisandpresentationofgrammaticalinformationinbilingualdictionariesonfivelevels,i.e.,wordclass,subclass,grammaticalforms,syntacticfeaturesandusage,followedbyanexplanationofhowtodisplaysyntacticpropertiesandfunctionsofwordsthroughcarefullychosenexamples.Ittreatsgrammaticalanalysisasanessentialprocessincorpusconstructionandexploresthepossibilityofpresentingmoregrammaticalinformationinelectronicbilingualdictionariesforthebenefitofforeignlanguageteachingandlearning.3(informationalabstract資料型)Neuropathic(神經(jīng)性的)footulceration(潰瘍)isamajormedicalandeconomicproblemamongdiabetic(糖尿病的)patients,yetthetraditionaltreatmentinvolvesbedrestwithcompletefreedomfromweightbearing.Wehaveinvestigatedtheuseofwalkingplastercasts(筒型石膏夾)inthemanagementofsevendiabeticpatientswithlong-standing,chroniculcers.Allulcershealedinamediantimeof6weeks,butthistherapy(療法)wasnotwithoutsideeffects.Weconcludethatcastingisausefultherapyforneuropathiculcers,throughseveralclinicvisits,includingcastremovalandfootinspection,indicatethatitisnecessarytoavoidpotentialsideeffectscausedbythecastingofinsensitivefeet.ⅨTranslatethefollowingintoChinese,payingattentiontothemeaningoftheunderlineparts.Thecomputerwillbeoutoforderwithalaymennoodling.外行人亂擊鍵盤會(huì)使計(jì)算機(jī)程序混亂Themachineservesastroubleshooting這部機(jī)器用來尋查故障Theproblemishowtodebugassoonaspossible...可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版問題是怎樣盡快撤除竊聽器，問題是如何盡快做好調(diào)試Tostimulatethemselvessomeoftheyoungmenarecrazyonrockandroll,breakandsoon.為尋求刺激，一些年輕人迷戀于搖滾樂、霹靂舞等TherewillbealargeproportionofbabycarsinChinesemarket.微型汽車將在中國市場占有很大的比例Thiskindofballbearingismoreeffective.這種滾珠軸承效果更好Thetestbedisfivefeetinlength.這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)五英尺長ThepricesintheSoutheastAsiancountriesescalaterapidly,becauseofthemonetarycrisisinthisarea.由于東南亞國家的金融危機(jī)，該地區(qū)的物價(jià)迅速上漲ⅩSimplifiedthefollowingbynounclusters.Thisisbridgemadeofstone.(thisisthestonebridge)Intheteachingofmathematics,thedominantmodeofinstructionisgenerallytraditional.(inmathematicsteaching,thedominantmodeofinstructionisgenerallytraditional)Studentsareexpectedtomeetadeadlineforthesubmissionofpaper.(studentsareexpectedtomeetadeadlineforthepapersubmission)Therearesignsthattherateofbirthintheworldisdropping.(therearesignsthattheworldbirthrateisdropping)Theintroductionofcompetitionbroughtvigorandvitalityintotheenterprise.(theintroductionofcompetitionmechanismbroughtvigorandvitalityintotheenterprise)ⅪTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothesentencestructureofeach.Strategyisanartofplanningthebestwaytogainanadvantageortoachievesuccess.“策略〞是一種以最正確方式獲得優(yōu)勢或取得成功的籌劃藝術(shù)。Herethepointofviewisthetermgenerallyusedtoindicatethepointfromwhichthepaperiswritten.“觀點(diǎn)〞一詞一般用于指出論文的要點(diǎn)。Subordinationisthetechniqueofplacingthelessimportantthoughtinasubordinateposition.把次要的想法放在次要的位置，叫做“附屬法〞。Thisformulaisdevelopedonthebasisofthepreviouslydiscussedtheory.該公式是根據(jù)前面討論過的理論導(dǎo)出來的。ItisconcludedthatsomeoftheparameterscannotbeobtainedbyusingthemethodshowninsectionⅣ.可以得出結(jié)論：運(yùn)用第四節(jié)中表達(dá)的方法不能得出某些數(shù)據(jù)〔參數(shù)〕。Connecttheequipmenttothemachine,Turnofftheswitch.Adjustinputvoltageto10V.Andnotedowntheoutputcurrent.將設(shè)備連接到機(jī)器上，切斷電源，把輸入電壓調(diào)到10伏，然后記下輸出電流。SuchevidenceofapositiveeffectinNorthernHemisphereissomethingthatallsatelliteobservingsystemexperimentsstilllack.在北半球出現(xiàn)的這一正面結(jié)果，說明所有的衛(wèi)星觀測系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)是不夠的。Potentiallymoreusefuldatahavebeenflowingdownfromweathersatellitesfor25years,butonlyrecentlyhaveresearchersbeenabletoshowthatsuchdataimproveforecastsmadebycomputers,thebackboneofmodernweatherforecasting.盡管25年來人們一直從氣象衛(wèi)星獲得對未來更有用的數(shù)據(jù)，然而直到最近，研究人員使用現(xiàn)代天氣預(yù)報(bào)的主要手段計(jì)算機(jī)，才證明了這些數(shù)據(jù)能夠用來改進(jìn)氣象預(yù)報(bào)。..可編輯版可編輯版.可編輯版Othertechnologiesthathavemadeslowprogressaremodernwindmillsandphoto-voltaiccellsthatconvertsunlightdirectlytoelectricity.進(jìn)展緩慢的其他工藝技術(shù)是現(xiàn)代風(fēng)車和直接將太陽能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的光電池。Heaviside(海維塞)wasnotonlyawonderfulelectricalengineerbutalsoamathematicalgenius.OwingtodeafnesshehadtoleavethetelegraphofficewherehefirstworkedandretiredtoPaignton(牌恩頓)inDevon(丹佛)，wherehelivedalone.Hewroteanumberarticleswerenodoubthardenoughtounderstandbeforehiseditorsmadehimcondensethem.Theyarefarhardernow.海維塞不僅是一位出色的電氣工程師，還是一位數(shù)學(xué)天才，由于耳聾，他不得不離開他工作的電報(bào)局而退休到丹佛的牌恩頓。在那里他單獨(dú)生活著。他寫了一些論文，在編輯們要他壓縮他的論文以前，毫無疑問這些論文是難以理解的，它們現(xiàn)在是更難理解了。ⅫTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontotheirtense,voiceandmood.(11).Forexample,itwouldbebettertouse2-voltcellsinparallel.Inthiscase,eachcellwoulddeliver5-amperecurrentwhichcouldreasonablybecarriedbyonecell.例如，最好將多個(gè)2伏特的電池并聯(lián)，這樣的話，每個(gè)電池通過的電流將為5安培，不會(huì)超過電池的負(fù)荷。(12).Thepoliticaldocumentsthatwehaveavailablecertainlyinclineustosupposethataltruismmayhavebeenbehindtheconspirator’saction.現(xiàn)有的政府文件使我們偏見地認(rèn)為利他主義已經(jīng)被陰謀家拋到九霄云外。(13).Thattheconspiratoractedoutofpersonaldislikefortheheadofstate,doesnotseemtohavebeentheopinionofthosejournalistswritingatthetime.那些陰謀家所表現(xiàn)的對國家元首的不滿，并不像新聞?dòng)浾咚珜懙哪菢印?14).Inparttoacquiresuchstatisticallyvalidevidence,aninternationalfieldexperimentwillbeconductedovertheNorthAtlanticbeginningin2000.一項(xiàng)國際野外試驗(yàn)將于2000年在北大西洋展開，該項(xiàng)野外試驗(yàn)的目的局部是獲取統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上有效的證明數(shù)據(jù)。(15).AsannouncedinSectionⅡ,theparameterextractionstrategyshouldbedevelopedbyusingglobalextractionmethod.誠如在章節(jié)2中所公布，參數(shù)提取策略應(yīng)通過使用全局提取方法確定。(16).Thecontentsofthismanualhavebeenpreparedspecificallyforthefirst-yearstudentsintheDegreeProgramentitled“bachelorofScienceinCombineSciences〞.這本手冊的內(nèi)容是專門為攻讀結(jié)合科學(xué)專業(yè)理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位課程的大一新生準(zhǔn)備的。(17).Inthisextractthereisadiscussionaboutthewayinwhichtheresearchwascarriedout.However,thewriterdoesnotseemtogiveapersonalopinionaboutthemethodused,nortoadoptaparticularvalueposition.Instead,aratherbalancedviewistaken.在此摘要中，提及了一個(gè)關(guān)于調(diào)查研究被開展執(zhí)行的話題，但作者沒有就具體使用方法給出自己觀點(diǎn)和意見，也沒有采納任何不尋常的見解，而是提出了一個(gè)相對客觀均衡的觀點(diǎn)。(18).Inordertohelpthestudentandteacherusesuchsectionmosteffectively,thefollowingsuggestionsareoffered.為了幫助老師和學(xué)生更高效率地學(xué)習(xí)該局部，特提供以下建議可供參考。(19).Asreflectedontheforeign-exchangeproblemineachofthetransactionabove,thereisnoeasysolutiontoavoidaseriousinefficiency.對于上述交易中出現(xiàn)的外匯問