工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)

工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)日期：20xx年X月decision-makingprocessadecisionproblem.認(rèn)出一個決策問題thegoalsorobjectives.定義目標(biāo)或目標(biāo)alltherelevantinformation.收集所有相關(guān)的信息asetoffeasibledecisionalternatives.確定一組可行的決策選擇thedecisioncriteriontouse.選擇決策準(zhǔn)則來使用thebestalternative.選擇最好的選擇principlesinengineeringeconomicsAnearbydollarisworthmorethanadistantdollar.附近的美元價值超過一個遙遠(yuǎn)的美元Allthatcountsarethedifferencesamongalternatives.所有重要的差別是在備選方案Marginalrevenuemustexceedmarginalcost.邊際收益必須超過邊際成本Additionalriskisnottakenwithouttheexpectedadditionalreturn.附加險是不采取不預(yù)期的額外回報3.Theprocedureforapplyingthenet-present-worthcriteriontoasingleprojectStep1:determinetheMARR.確定MARRStep2:estimatetheservicelifeoftheproject.估計項目的使用壽命Step3:estimatethecashinflowforeachperiod:估計為每個時期的現(xiàn)金流入Step4:estimatethecashoutflowforeachperiod估計為每個時期的現(xiàn)金流出Step5:determinethenetcashflowsforeachperiod:確定每個時期凈現(xiàn)金流Step6:findthepresentworthofeachnetcashflowattheMARR.找到當(dāng)前價值的每個凈現(xiàn)金流量在MARR下Step7:evaluatetheprojectwiththefollowingdecisionrule:ifPW(i)>0,accepttheproject,ifPW(i)<0,rejecttheproject,ifPW(i)=0,remainindifferent評估該項目提供以下決策規(guī)則:如果PW(我)>0,接受該項目,如果PW(我)<0,拒絕這個項目,如果PW(我)=0,淡然處之4.基本名詞認(rèn)識Principal(P)Interestrate(i)Interestperiod(n)利息期Numberofinterestperiods(N)數(shù)量的利息期Aplanforreceiptsordisbursements(An)一個計劃收據(jù)或墊付Afutureamountofmoney(F)Compoundinterest復(fù)利Compound-amountfactor復(fù)利終值系數(shù)Present-worthfactor現(xiàn)值系數(shù)Sinking-fundfactor償債基金因素Capital-recoveryfactor(Annuityfactor)資本復(fù)蘇因子(年金因素)Presentvalueofperpetuities永續(xù)年金的現(xiàn)值P=A/i5、MARRisafunctionofrisk-freerealreturn,inflationfactor,andriskpremium.Definitions1--Rateofreturnistheinterestearnedontheunpaidbalanceofanamortizedloan.回報率是利息收入在未付的余額上來算貸款的攤銷Definitions2--Rateofreturnisthebreak-eveninterestratei*atwnichthepresentworthofaprojectiszeroorPW(i*)=PWcashinflows-PWcashoutflows=0回報率是保本利率i*在wnich當(dāng)前價值的一個項目是零或PW(i*)=PWcash流入-PW現(xiàn)金流出=0Definitions3--Theinternalrateofreturnistheinterestratechargedontheunrecoveredprojectbalanceoftheinvestmentsuchthat,whentheprojectterminates,theunrecoveredprojectbalanceiszero.內(nèi)部收益率是利息未恢復(fù)的項目的平衡的投資,這樣,當(dāng)這個項目終止,未恢復(fù)的項目余額是零。6.:i=(1+r/CK)c1M=利息期的數(shù)量/年;C=利息期的數(shù)量每付款期;K=支付的數(shù)量每年時期7.Asimpleinvestment：isaninvestmentinwhichtheinitialcashflowsarenegativeandonlyonesignchangeoccursinthenetcashflowseries.Iftheinitialflowsarepositiveandonlyonesignchangeoccursinthesubsequencenetcashflow,theflowsarereferredtoassimple-borrowingcashflows.Anonsimpleinvestment：isaninvestmentinwhichmorethanonesignchangeoccursinthecashflowseries.一個簡單的投資是一種投資,初始現(xiàn)金流是負(fù)和只有一個信號變化發(fā)生在凈現(xiàn)金流量系列。如果初始流是積極的和只有一個信號變化發(fā)生在后繼凈現(xiàn)金流,流被稱為簡單的借貸現(xiàn)金流。一個復(fù)雜投資是一種投資,超過一個標(biāo)志變化發(fā)生在現(xiàn)金流系列。9、名詞解釋：1）Interestrates:referstotheratioofinterestontheamountandperiodoftheloancapital利率：指一定時期內(nèi)利息額與借貸資金的比率，2）Nominalinterestrates（名義利率）：Astatedrateofinterestforagivenperiod(usuallyayear).3）TheCPIisameasureofthegeneralpriceincreaseofconsumerproducts4）Actualdollars（現(xiàn)價）:dollaramountsthatreflecttheinflationordeflationrate.5）Constantdollars（不變價）:dollaramountsthatreflectthepurchasingpowerofyearzerodollars6）Interest：theadditionalmoneypaidtothelenderforborrowingmoney7）Annualeffectiveyield（annualinterestrate）istheoneratethattrulyrepresentstheinterestearnedinayear.8）Marketinterestrate：isdeterminedbythecapitalmarketsupplya