《計算機專業(yè)英語》chapter2 How to Write a Scientific Paper

Chapter2

HowtoWriteaScientificPaperThinkAbout…Whatistheclearstructureofascientificpaper?Whichsectionsdoyouneedtoaddressindetail?Whatcontentsdoesanabstractusuallyinclude?Whataspectshouldyouimportantlyshowinthisparagraph?Howmanywordsaroundarenecessaryforanabstract?Isitbettertowritetheabstractaftertherestofpaperiscompleted?Cananabstractrefertootherpartsofthepaperorfigures/tables?ThinkAbout…Whatcontentsdoesanintroductionusuallyinclude?Whatdoesthe“setting”mean?Whatdoesthe“gap”mean?Whatisaddressedinaconclusionsection?Whatshouldbedescribedinthemainpartofascientificpaper?Isitimportanttocitetheliteraturecarefullyandfullyaccordingtotherequirementofthejournalorconferenceproceedingyousubmitto?Whattipshaveyouobtainedfromthischapter?TheClearStructureofaScientificPaper

Keywords(optional)IntroductionMethodResultDiscussion(optional)ConclusionandfutureworkReferenceAbstractAbstract

Abstractisaconcisesingleparagraphsummaryoftheentirepaperthatincludesbackground,purpose,method,resultandconclusionintheresearchMostimportantly,youshouldshowtheoriginalityofyourresearchinthissection,otherwisepeoplemaynothaveinterestinreadingthefollowingcontents

Abstract

AnabstractisusuallywritteninnomorethantwohundredwordsItiseasiertowritetheabstract

aftertherestofpaperiscompleted.Afterall,itisdifficulttosummarizesomethingthatisnotyetwrittenAnabstractshouldstandonitsown,andNOTrefertoanyotherpartofthepaperincludingfiguresandtables.Thissummaryfocusesontheproposedmethodandresult,andlimitsbackgroundinformationtoasentenceortwo,orevenomitsifnotabsolutelynecessaryIntroductionandConclusionIntroductionisactuallytheextensionoftheabstract.Thissectiongivesthereaderaninitialoverviewofthiswork.Itusuallyincludessetting,reviewofliterature,gap/purpose,method,result,andoverviewofthecontentsIntroductionSettingmeansopeningupthesubject.Yoursubjectmaybenonverballanguageinhuman-computerinteraction,facedetectioninimages,orwhatever.SettingletsthereaderseeyourresearchareaataglanceReviewofliteraturemeanssurveyingthepastworkrelevanttothispaper.HereyoushouldmentionpreviousworksandbothoftheircontributionandlimitationThenyouindicatethecurrentgaportheproblemthatwillberesolvedinyourpaper,andwhatyourresearchmotivationorpurposeisNextintroduceyourmethod,andbrieflydescribewhathavebeendoneandachievedfromthisworkFinallyoverviewthecontentsinthispapertogiveaclearclueConclusionConclusionsimplysummarizeswhathasbeenaccomplishedinthispaper.Thissectionreemphasizesthemainpurposeorhypothesisofthiswork,reviewsfindings,describesadvantagesandlimitationsaswell,andrecommendspossibleapplicationsandfuturedirectionNoteManyreaderswouldreadONLYtheintroductionandconclusionofyourpaper.Thetwosectionsmustbewrittencarefullyandthoroughly,sothebasicideaofyourresearchcanbeunderstoodbysomeonewhodoesnotreadthemainbodyofyourpaperMainbodyofapaperThemainbodyofapaperconsistsofthemethod,resultanddiscussion(optional)Inthemainbodyofthepaper,youshoulddefinealltheterminologies,notations,andabbreviationstobeusedfirst,andthenworktowardthedetailsFromdevelopingtheequationsonwhichyourresearchisbasedtodescribingyourmethodologyoralgorithmstepbystep,youshoulddoyourbesttolettheresultorachievementbeobtainedsmoothlyandunderstandablyReferencePeerreviewersjudgewhatyourworkisbasedonbylookingthroughyourreferencesThesourceandrangeyouhavereadaboutdecideyourresearchlevel,sociteyourliteraturecarefullyandfullyaccordingtotherequirementofthejournalorconferenceproceedingyousubmittoUsefultricksFinishacompletedraftfirst.Inwritingyourfirstdraft,don’tworryifthewordingisnotperfectorthegrammarisnotcorrect,butjustputdownthewordsasyouareexplainingwhatyouareworkingontoaverygoodfriend.Polishingthepapercomeslater!UsefultricksExpressyourideasasconciselyaspossible.Makesurethatyourmaterialsareeasyforareadertofollow.Keepinmindthatyourreadersprobablyunderstandlessthanyouthink.Eachparagraphshouldonlyhaveonemainpoint.Itisrecommendedtostatethecentralpointinatopicalsentenceatbeginningoftheparagraph.AvoidmixingdifferentideasinthesameparagraphUsefultricksAvoidfoggywriting.Reducethelengthofyoursentencesbybreakinglongsentencesintoshorterones.Getridofasmanycomplicatedwordsaspossiblebyusingsimplerwordsinstead.Getridofasmanyabstractwordsaspossible,becauseabstractwordsoftenconveyadifferentmeaningtothereaderthantheoneyouintendedUsefultricksUseverbsmorethannouns.Lettheverbscarrytheaction,sothatyourwritingwillsoundbetterthanburyingthemainactioninnounsoradjectives.Forexample,compare“Itisourexpectationthattheinputwillbeexpandedintoothernaturallanguagesinfuture.”with“Weexpecttoexpandtheinputintoothernaturallanguagesinfuture.”,thenyoucantellthedifferenteffectUsefultricksKeepverbtenseconsistent.Don’tchangeverbtensefrequentlybetweenthefutureandpresenttensefornoreason.Thesimplestwayisjusttosticktothepresenttense.Forexample,“Weproposeanovelmethodinthispaper.”,insteadof“Weshallproposeanovelmethodinthispaper.”UsefultricksGetridofasmanypassiveverbsaspossible,becausepassiveverbsoftenmakewritingobscure,incomprehensible,andevenboringUsefultricksTransitionbetweenideasorparagraphsmustgosmoothly.Makesurethatthereaderalwayshasaroadmapofyourpaperinmind.ThereadermustalwaysbeabletounderstandwhatyouhavedescribedandwhatyouaregoingtotalkaboutUsefultricksDonotuse“this”or“that”asapronoun,otherwisetheantecedentisoftenmissingorpoorlydefin