江蘇高考英語試卷及答案

2015江蘇高考英語試卷二、單選21.Thenumberofsmokers,______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinthepastoneyear.A.itB.whichC.thatD.as22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatestpotential.A.accelerate23.–Jim,canyouwork…..?_____?I’vebeenworkingtwoweeksonend.A.WhymeB.WhynotC.WhatifD.SowhatB.improveC.performD.develop24.Muchtime______sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytrappedbyhealthproblems.A.beingspent25._____LiHua,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,but….A.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside______fullycoveredinthickclothes.A.ifB.unlessC.onceD.whenB.havingspentC.spentD.tospend27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogrammesto_______thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomicBelt.A.applyto28.Itmighthavesavedmemuchtrouble______theschedule.A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown29.Thewholeteam______Donald,andheseldomletthemdown.A.waitonB.focusonC.countonD.callonB.caterforC.appealtoD.…30.Thereasonwhyprices______andstillaretoohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorycanexplainthisproblem.A.were31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathorough,and______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensiveB.complicatedC.suspiciousD.…B.willbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen32.Someschoolswillhavetomake_______inagreementwiththenationalsocialreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements33.–Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?--Well,youknowhe’s______.A.anearlybirdB.awetblanketC.aluckydogD.atoughnut34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.A.thanksto35.–Goandsaysorrytoyourmom,Dave?--I’dliketo,butI’mafraidMomwouldnotacceptmy______.B.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butforA.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets三、完形填空IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthemomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional___36___andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso___37____tomeandhadsuchabig____38_____onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto___39___myowncancerexperience?I’mambitious__40___,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療),eventhoughI’mavery__41__person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe___42__.Oneday,whilewantingtogoinfor__43__,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient___44__whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme___45____hehadoneofhisbooks…well.It____46____thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-oldwriter.Hewas___47____apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently___48____onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand___49_____friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)____50____ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa__51__onmyface.Heunfortunately___52__lastyearduetohiscancer,___53___heleftadeepimpressiononme….The__54__topickupmypenagain.I___55___tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”36.A.tastesB.ideasB.shockingB.pushC.challengeB.gooverC.getthroughC.notesC.amusingD.impactD.memories37.A.amazing38.A.strikeD.strange39.A.learnfromD.referto40.A.readerB.writerC.editorD.doctor41.A.positiveB.agreeableC.humourousD.honest42.A.moodB.positionC.stateD.way43.A.adviceB.referenceC.protectionD.treatment44.A.viewedB.knewC.noticedD.wonderedD.providingC.provedoutD.turnedoutC.hopefullyD.actuallyC.workingD.relyingC.missedD.visitedC.fanD.publisherC.markD.mask52.A.showedupB.setoffC.felldown45.A.whileB.becauseC.although46.A.carriedout47.A.naturally48.A.deciding49.A.became50.A.patientB.workedoutB.merelyB.investingB.helpedB.operator51.A.signB.smileD.passedaway53.A.sinceB.butB.trustB.sworeC.soD.for54.A.guidance55.A.promisedC.opportunityD.inspirationD.repliedC.thought四、閱讀理解AVisitorCodeArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealandIfyouarearrivingfromoverseas,bringnofood,animalorplantmaterialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.ProtectplantsandanimalsNeverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasofnestingbirds,otherwildlife,orwheresighposted.GetridofrubbishAlwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste(e.g.glass,paper)wherepossible.BeconsideratewithotherwasteIfusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.Inthebackcountry,buryyourtoiletwasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterway.KeepNewZealand’swatercleanBecausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,becarefulyourwashingwaterdoesn’tpollutethesealakesandrivers.TakecarewithfiresAlwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue,makesureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.CamporpicniccarefullyWhencampingorpicnicking,usefacilitiesprovided.KeeptothetrackKeeptothetrack,whereoneexists,soyoulessenthechanceofdamagingfragileplants.BeconsiderateWhendriving,minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.56.AccordingtoVisitorCode,visitorscouldact_______.A.withcareandrespectB.withpleasureC.withcalmnessD.withattentionandobservation57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.BIntheUnited100arethrownawayeachyear.arepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimefasterthantraditionalgarbageasageneral.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswascomparisontoofgoldandotherpreciousmetalwasthaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachine…andtheharmfulmetalsremoved,theinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingofrawmuchmaterial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragaintheandimaginetheminesthatproducedthosefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackagingitcamewastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.TheU.S.EnvironmentProtectionAgencynoteswasteinthat“theproduction,distribution,andmanagementoftheresultingwaste---allresultingreenhouserelease.Individualscanmakecontributionsbycreatinglesswasteat…buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountries,theconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive(動(dòng)機(jī))forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyprocessshouldbebasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibletodealwiththebubblewrap(氣泡墊)thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58.By…theSwissstudy,theauthorintendedtotellus________.A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB.-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC.naturalmaterialscontainsmorepreciousmetalsD.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyinewaste59.Theresponsibilityofwaste…transfer______.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsC.fromindividualstodistributorsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersD.fromtogovernments60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheincreaseinewasteB.ThecreationofewasteC.TheseriousnessofwasteD.ThemanagementofewasteCSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestsinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetstarted.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiencesandtodevelopsocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeetthoseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofopportunitygiven,someschoolshavelaunchedvolunteerprogrammes.Unlike….can…people’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome.”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.“IvolunteerbecauseI’mpreparedtodoso.”)Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivityamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollowupstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowedvolunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionsasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsupportyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteers…themwithstrategiesfor…withtheproblemtheyexperience.”Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasestimatedthatthosepeople…theroleofvolunteer…partoftheirpersonal…bemorelikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichsocialrolemattersbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringathospitalsisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfocusedapositivecohesion(正相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthsoftimepeoplecontributedtovolunteer.These…again,leadtoconcreteadvice.“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedefforttofocusondevelopingvolunteerrole….”61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof__________.A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectationsC.financialrewardsinternalneedsD.62.WhatcanwelearnfromFloridastudy?A.Followupstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.shouldgetmentallyprepared.C.trainingisamustinresearch.D.areprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.individualdifferencesinroleidentity.Tshirt.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerC.Roleidentityasavolunteer.64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtogetpeopletovolunteerD.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.B.HowtostudyvolunteerbehaviorC.Howtokeepvolunteers’D.Howtoorganizevolunteers’activitiesDFreedomandResponsibilityFreedom’schallengeinthedigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece,inAthens,alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasselfcontrolled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookedattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAtheniansnotbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeople…it,andworkforit,itwillgo.…isitsprice.…wasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenians’prideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirmind.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfrodoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatpeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem,andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibility…tothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresult…burdenofselfdependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonotherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility,shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,theexcellentbecomesthepermanent,Aristotlesaid.Athenslost,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadisonreferredto“Thecapacityofmankindforself-government”.NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butonceamanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.ThedigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatwaythoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepointofbreakingout…onlysurethatitwilldososometime.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A.CountrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelpB.PowerfulstateswithhappinessC.SplendidstateswherepeopleenjoyfreedomD.Empiresruledwithabsolutepower66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho_______.A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB.regardfreedomastheirprimaryobjectC.behavewithinlawsandvaluesystemD.treatotherswithkindnessandpity67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult”inParagraph5mean?A.Athenswouldcometoanend.B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromdependence.69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B.Theauthoriscautiousabout-government.C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreececivilization.D.Theauthorisproudoftheman’scapacity.70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?A.Freedomcanbemorepopularindigitalage.B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C.Freedomshouldhaveprivacyoverresponsibility.D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.四、任務(wù)型閱讀：Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayed.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxemurder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnex