最新專升本英語語法及習(xí)題

學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)--——好資料更多精品文檔更多精品文檔河南專升本考試英語語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題一一動詞時態(tài)，一、被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、習(xí)慣性動作、客觀真理、科學(xué)事實、格言，目前的特征、狀態(tài)、能力等。.主句是一般將來時，時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如：I'llgothereafterIfinishmywork./Ifitrainstomorrow」won'tgothere..在以here,there開頭的句子里，go,come等少數(shù)動詞的一般在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作。例如：Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。Therecomesthebus.汽車來了。Hereshecomes.她來了。二、現(xiàn)在進行時.表示正在進行的動作。.表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作。例如：SheisleavingforBeijing.她要去北京。Heisworkingasateachertomorrow. 從明天起他要做老。MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday. 這個星期六我爸爸要來看我。.代替一般現(xiàn)在時，描繪更加生動。例如：TheChangjiangRiverisflowingintotheeast.江水滾滾向東流。Thesunisrisingintheeast. 太陽從東方冉冉升起。.大多數(shù)動詞可用于進行時，但也有些動詞不用于進行時。常見的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belongto,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope 等。三、現(xiàn)在完成時.表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，或說話時已完成的動作。例如：Ihavefinishedthereport./Shehascleandtheroom..表示從過去開始，待續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和“for…”，“since…”表述的一段時間狀語連用。例如：HehaslearnedEnglishforsixyears./Theyhaveworkedheresincetheyleftcollege..現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：1）用兩種時態(tài)來表述發(fā)生在過去的某一動作，現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這一過去動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，而一般過去時只表達過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在關(guān)系不大。例如：Shehascleanedtheroom.It'sverycleannow.（此句hascleaned就不能改為cleaned.一是因為cleaned與現(xiàn)狀無關(guān)，二是因為一般過去時不可突然跳到It's…這樣的一般現(xiàn)在時。）2）漢語中的"了"、"過"、"曾"等詞常用完成表達，如：Ihaveseenthatfilm.（我看過那部電影了。）但是如果是在特定的過去時間“看了”、“做過”，就不可用完成時而必須用一般過去進來表達。例如：Whendidyouseethatfilm?Isawityesterday.（ 你什么時候看了那部電影？我昨天看的。）不能說：Whenhaveyouseenthatfilm?Ihaveseenityesterday..表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地（人已回來）"用"have/hasbeento" ，表示"到某地去了（還未回來）"用"have/hasgoneto".例如： WhereisLiHua?—Hehasgonetothereading-room. SheknowsalotaboutShanghai. —Shehasbeenthere..短暫動詞（即瞬間動詞），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,breakout 等，在完成時態(tài)中，其肯定式不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如不能說：Hehasfinishedtheworkforthreehours.要翻譯“他已完成工作三小時了?！笨刹捎?） "ago法"：Hefinishedtheworkthreehoursago.2）"延續(xù)法"：Hehasbeenthrough（with）theworkforthreehours.3） “since法“：Itis/hasbeenthreehourssincehefinishedthework.四、現(xiàn)在完成進行時.用來表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（或今后還要繼續(xù)一去）的動作。例如：Hehasbeendoingthemathsproblemssince8:00./Ithasbeenrainingfortwodays..凡是不能用于現(xiàn)在進行時的動詞均不能用于現(xiàn)成完成進行時。五、一般過去時表達特定的過去時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況，或過去某一時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為。六、過去進行時.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作（這一過去時間須用時間狀語表示）。例如：Hewaspreparinghislecturealldayyesterday..表示動作在另一過去動作發(fā)生時進行。例如：TheywerestillworkingwhenIleft..用在兩個過去進行時動作同時發(fā)生。例如：IwaswritingwhilehewaswatchingTV..表示過去將來動作。例如：Hesaidshewasarrivingthenextday.七、過去完成時.表示在過去某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作。例如：Hehadshutthedoorbeforethedogcameup./Everythinghadbeenallrightuptillthismorning..表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某個時刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一個過去時刻才完成，甚至還要繼續(xù)下去。例如：Attheageoften,hehadlearned500Englishwords.Hehadbeenillforaweekwhenwelearnedaboutit..常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose 等動詞的過去完成時來表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。例如：Wehadexpectedthatyouwouldbeabletowinthematch.八、一般將來時

一般將來時表示將來要發(fā)生的動作和存在的狀況。有下列一些形式：.will/shalldo （側(cè)重將來行為，不突出計劃安排去做某事）.begoingtodo（主觀上打算或客觀上可能發(fā)生）.bedoing（按計劃將要發(fā)生，常和表示最近的將來時間連用）.beabouttodo（按計劃即將發(fā)生）九、將來完成時用來表示在將來某個時刻（前）將完成的動作。常和by短語，when,before引起的時間狀語連用。例如：WewillhavefinishedseniorBook2bytheendofthisterm.時態(tài)考點分析. CanIjoinyourclub,dad? Youcanwhenyouabitolder.A.getB.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot析：“Youcan”是將來意，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來所以此題答案為A.. Oh,it'syou!Iyou. I'vejusthadmyhaircutandI'mwearingnewglasses.A.didn'trecognize B.hadn'trecognizedC.haven'trecognized D.don'trecongnize析：從“Oh,it'syou!”可知說話時已認(rèn)出對方?！皼]有認(rèn)出”是在此之前為過去情況，所以應(yīng)選A.don'tthinkJimsawme;heintospace.A.juststared B.wasjuststaring C.hasjuststared D.hadjuststared析：在空白處應(yīng)選一個與"saw"相配，能解釋Jimdidn'tseeme這一原因的選項，只有著眼于A、Bo若選A不能體觀他“當(dāng)時正在做“某事，故排除A而選Bo這樣因為“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。 myglasses? Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.A.Doyousee B.Hadyouseen C.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen析：現(xiàn)在完成時可表過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，問話人以這樣的時態(tài)發(fā)問可作現(xiàn)焦急的心情。故答案為D。D.meetD.amgoingtimesb.hasdonesth.D.meetD.amgoingtimesb.hasdonesth.句型，可定A.hadmetB.havemet C.met析：答案B。道理同4。Doyouknowourtownatall? No,thisisthefirsttimeIhere.A.wasB.havebeen C.came析：根據(jù)this/itisthefirst/second/ …答案為B。又如：ThisisthesecondtimehehasvisitedtheGreatWall.don'treallyworkhere.Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpout B.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingout D.willjusthelpout析：根據(jù)Idon'treally workhere.以及???until thenewsecretaryarrives,可知說話人所要做的事是計劃安排行為，C、D兩個選項都表將來動作，但D非計劃安排，C則體現(xiàn)按計劃去做，所以此題答案為C。8. Isthisraincoatyours? No,minetherebehindthedoor.A.ishanging B.hashung C.hangsD.hung析：此題的“懸掛”是指現(xiàn)狀而言，故表過去“掛”的B、D項可排除。C項雖指“現(xiàn)在掛”，但側(cè)重在常規(guī)，習(xí)慣。為了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正掛在門后”這一意思，選A是極為合情理的。被動語態(tài)一、被動語態(tài)的句型.常見句式是：主語(受動者)+be+過去分詞+(by+施動者)例如:HewasscoldedbytheEnglishteacher..主語+get+過去分詞+其它成分例如：Theboygotdrownedlastsummer./Shegotfiredbecauseofherfaults.注意：使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能帶有“by+施動者”.帶有雙賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)的主動句變?yōu)閯泳?，其主語可以是直接賓語，也可以是間接賓語。例如：SheIentme也bikc,被動：1)Iwaslentabike(byher).Abikewaslenttome(byher)..情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞例如:Thisproblemmustbeworkedoutinhalfanhour..雙重被動式：主語+被動式謂語+不定式的被動式+其它成分例如；Thesemagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room./Themurdererwasorderedtobeshot.二、主動表示被動的幾種情況.不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見動詞是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep 等。例如：Thisknifecutswell.這把刀好切。Thesebookssellwell.這些書好賣。Thepenwritessmoothly.這支筆寫起來流暢。Meatwon' tkeeplonginsuchhotweather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長久。Theclothwasheswell.這種布好洗。.一些連系動詞的主動式+形容詞。常見動look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turnout 等。例如：Theapplestastegood./Theflowersmellswonderful./Thenewsproved/turnedouttrue./Cottonfeelssoft. 注：prove也可用于被動式，如：Hisanswer(was)provedright..不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語有動賓關(guān)系。常見形容詞有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：Theproblemiseasytodo./Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer./Theboxisheavytocarry./Theprojectisimpossibletocompleteinayear.比較：Theproblemistobedone./Thequestionistobeanswered.

沒有形容詞時，雖然不定式與主語是動賓關(guān)系，但必須用被動式。三、容易誤用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：1.IteachmyselfFrench. 不可變?yōu)镸yselfistaughtFrench. 因為反身代詞不可作主語。2.Wehelpeachother/oneanother. 不可變?yōu)镋achother/Oneanotherishelpedbyus.因為相互代詞不可作主語。3.Helostheart.不可變?yōu)镠eartwaslostbyhim.因為象loseheart,makeaface,keepsilence,loseinthought 這類動賓結(jié)構(gòu)的固定短語只能用于主動式，不能用被動式。4.Shetookpartinthesportsmeet.不能變?yōu)門hesportsmeetwastakenpartinbyher.因為象takepartin,belongto,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表狀態(tài)動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)考點分析needonemorestampbeforemycollection.A.hascompleted B.completes C.hasbeencompleted D.iscompleted析：complete是及物動詞，“郵集”是被人完成的，須從表被動意的C、D中選擇。又因before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中謂語要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，所以此題答案為DoDoyoulikethematerial? Yes,itverysoft.A.isfeeling B.felt C.feels D.isfelt析：觀察題干，空白線后無賓語，可知feel是不及物動詞，表“（某物）摸起來…”意思，是連系動詞，不能用于被動式，也不用進行時。根據(jù)此題對話情景，是指某種材料的常規(guī)特性，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不能用過去時，故答案為C。feel作“感覺”、“認(rèn)為”、“摸”等意時是及物動詞，可帶賓語，有時態(tài)，語態(tài)等變化。Greatchangesinthecity,andalotoffactoriesA.havebeentakenplaceB.havetakenplace…A.havebeentakenplaceB.havetakenplace…C.havetakenplace…D.weretakenplace……h(huán)avebeensetuphavebeensetuphavesetupweresetup析：takeplace（發(fā)生）是不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態(tài)，于是可排除A、D,又因setup（建造）是及物動詞，在此題中應(yīng)該用被動式，故排除C,答案為B。MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invited B.toinvite C.beinginvited D.hadbeeninvited析：首先可排除B。因為它不表示“被邀請”。又因D項少引導(dǎo)詞who,也應(yīng)排除。A項=whowereinvited,C項=whowerebeinginvited,由象invite這類短暫動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動式不可作后置定語，故也應(yīng)排除。因而可定答案為A。5.Idon'tknowtherestaurant,butit'stobequiteagoodone.A.saidB.toldC.spokenD.talked析：根據(jù)“某人/某物據(jù)說…”英文句式為“sb/sth.issaid…”可定答案為A。又如：Heissaidtobeacleverboy. 據(jù)說他是一個聰明的男孩。6.Thepolicefoundthatthehouseandalotofthings

A.hasbrokeninto…h(huán)asbeenstolen B.hasbrokeninto…h(huán)adbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto…stolen D.hadbeenbrokeninto…stolen析：“房屋被人闖入”，“東西被偷”都是被動語態(tài)，故可排除A、Bo因C項中的hasbeenbrokeninto不能置于found之后，則答案只能是D。.Ipromisethatthematterwill.A.betadencare B.betakencareof C.takecare D.takecareof析：takecareof…是固定短語，若無of則不可帶賓語，只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為B。8.Ifcitynoisesfromincreasing,people8.Ifcitynoisesfromincreasing,peopleshouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept…willhavetoatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept…willhavetoC.donotkeep…willhaveto

析：觀察題干，第一處必須用被動式B.arenotkept??

D.donotkeep…h(huán)avetohaveto答案只能在A、B中選一。條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句應(yīng)為一般將來時，故答案為A。.TheOlympicGames,in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplaying B.tobefirstplayed C.firstplayed D.tobefirstplaying析；要表達“被舉行”，只能在B、C中選。B意“將要首次舉行"。顯然不合in776BC這一過去時間，只有C,firstplayed(=whichwasfirstplayed)才合用。故答案為Co.Thissentenceneeds.A.aimprovement B.improve C.improving D.improved析：初看此題似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音開頭詞，其前要用an,故排除。need作實義動詞，和require,want一樣，后面可跟doing或tobedone表“需要被,一“意。如：Thedoorneeds/wants/requirespainting/tobepainted.(這扇門需要漆一下。).Ishouldverymuchliketohavegonetotheparty,butIinvited.A.amnotB.haven'tbeen C.wasnotD.willnotbe析：should/wouldliketohavedonesth. 意"本想做某事”，例如：Ishouldliketohaveseenthefilm,butitwasn 'tpossible.由于這種句式表示“過去想"，所以but后的句子也應(yīng)該是過去時態(tài)與之相配合，故此題答案是C。. thenotetoMrSmith? No,Itisstillinmypocket.A.Is???beinggivenB.Was-given C.Has…beengivenD.Hasn't???beengiven析：根據(jù)問句與答句，問話人顯然是注重結(jié)果，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時。似乎D作為反詰句"難道條還沒給史密斯先生嗎？”也成立，但若是這種口氣發(fā)問，答話人就應(yīng)答“Sorry.Itisstillinmypocket. " ，所以此題答案應(yīng)為C。

.WehearditthathehadgonetoNewYork.A.sayB.saidC.tosay D.besaid（都表示“據(jù)說…”是形式賓語。故此題答析：Itwassaidthat…可以改為Wehearditsaidthat之意）。前一種說法中It是形式主語，后一種說法中it案為B（都表示“據(jù)說…”是形式賓語。故此題答動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)專練.ThemathsproblemcanbeA.easyworkedoutB.easytobeworkedoutA.easyworkedoutB.easytobeworkedoutC.easilyworkedoutD.easilytoworkoutC.easilyworkedoutD.easilytoworkout.Everypossiblemeans,butnoneprovessuccessful.A.hasbeentried B.tried.Thegirlistoarichman.A.marrywith B.bemarried.HereceivedatelegramthatA.hasbeentried B.tried.Thegirlistoarichman.A.marrywith B.bemarried.HereceivedatelegramthatA.wroteB.saysC.readsC.isbeingtriedC.marrytoMothersickD.readD.hastriedD.bemarriedtoD.tobeinvited.Whocanyouimaginetohisweddingparty?D.tobeinvitedA.inviting B.beinginvited C.wasinvited.ItenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.A.gaveB.wasgiven C.wasgiving D.hadgiven. WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White? He'salreadybeen.A.askedfor B.sentfor C.calledfor D.lookedfor.Aconductortokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.A.needsB.isneeding C.wasneeded D.hasbeenneeded.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided.Waystostoppollutionbynow.A.mustfind B.willbefound C.arefound D.havebeenfound.Idon'twantanythingaboutit.A.tosay B.saidC.sayingD.havingsaid. thatthesportsmeetmightbeputoff. Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I'vebeentold B.I'vetold C.I'mtoldD.Itold.Alibrarywithfivethousandbookstothenationasagift.A.isoffered B.hasoffered C.areoffered D.haveoffered.Bettyhasneverbeenheardillofothers.A.speakB.spokenC.tospeak D.wassaid.Tomtohavedeliveredthespeechintheirtheatreroom.A.saidB.saysC.issaid D.wassaid. Whatdoyouthinkofthebook? Oh,excellent.It' sworthasecondtime.A.toread B.toberead C.reading D.beingread.LittleJimshouldlovetothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken B.totake C.beingtaken D.taking..moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.togive C.Giving D.Havinggiven. wherethebook?Ican'tseeitanywhere. Iitrightherebutnowit' sgone.A.didyouput;haveput B.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputting D.wereyouputting;haveput.Hewouldnotfailsolongashehardthenextterm.A.studied B.wouldstudy C.hadstudied D.studies.HowlongtheEnglishparty?A.has;beenlasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;belasted22.WhatyouthistimenextFriday?A.will;do B.have;beendoing C.are;doing D.will;bedoing.Hardlythebellwhentheteachercamein.A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung4.Itandthestreetswerestillwet.A.hadbeenraining B.rained C.hadbeenrained D.wouldrain25.Thebookonthegroundfortenminutesbutnonoehaspickeditup.A.islying B.haslain C.layD.hasbeenlying.Wetherewhenittorain.A.weregetting;wouldbegin B.wereabouttoget;beganC.hadgot;hadbegun D.wouldget;began.Theteachersaidwetenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.A.shouldhavestudied B.weregoingtostudyC.havestudied D.shouldstudy. shetoldmeshehadmetyouinLondonlastyear. youhersince?A.Had;metB.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen. Whenagain? Whenhe,I'llletyouknow.A.willhecome;willcome B.willhecome;comeC.hecomes;comes D.willhecome;comes.Tomformorethanaweek.A.hasleft B.hadgoneaway C.wentawayD.hasbeenaway. Whathappenedtoherteeth? Shetheapplemorethanshecouldchew.A.hasbitten B.bitC.hadbeenbitting D.bites.Shakespearewassaid37famousplaysinhislifetime.A.finishingwriting B.tofinishwritingC.havingwritten D.tohavewritten. You'veagreedtogo.Sowhyaren'tyougettingready? ButIthatyoumetostartatonce.A.don'trealize;want B.don'trealize;wantedC.haven'trealized;want D.didn'trealize;wanted. Imissedthelecturelastnight. Oh,whatapity!Iwish.A.youhearedit B.youhadhearditC.youneverheardit D.youhadn'theardit5.I'llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasIit.A.finished B.amgoingtofinish C.willfinish D.havefinished36. Yourphonenumberagain?Iquitecatchit. It's9586442.A.didn'tB.couldn'tC.don'tD.can't37. I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting. Oh,notatall.Ihereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.wasD.willbe.WhenIwasatcollege.Ithreeforeignlanguages,butIallexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgotten B.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoedn;hadforgotten D.hadspoken;haveforgotten.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe.A.willarrive B.arrives C.isgoingtoarrive D.isarriving40. WhoisJerryCooper? ?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.A.Don' tyoumeethimyet B.Hadn' tyoumethimyetC.Didn' tyoumeethimyet D.Haven' tyoumethimyet. Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear. Yes,ataxiatallnecessary.A.wasn'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe D.won' tbe.Wehaven' theardfromJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousupposetoher?A.washappening B.tohappen C.hashaqqend D.havinghappened43.OnSaturday afternoon,Mrs Greenwenttothemarket,somebananasandvisitedhercousin.A.boughtB.buying C.tobuy D.buy44.Asshethenewspaper,Grannyasleep.A.read;wasfalling B.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfalling D.read;fell45.Ithebadcoldforaweek,stillIcan ' tgetridofit.A.caughtB.havecaught C.haveD.havehad46.Ithetimesoquickly.

A.didn'trealize;hadpassed B.don'trealize;passedC.haven'trealized;passed D.hadn'trealized;hadpassed. Mywatchtwelveo'clock.It'ssolate.——Let'shurryup.A.issaid B.saysC.istold D.tells.Helenherkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaitherhusbandhome.A.hasleft;comes B.left;hadcome C.hadleft;came D.hadleft;wouldcome49.ThepenIIisonmydesk,rightundermynose.A.think;10st B.thought;hadlost C.think;hadlostD.thought;havelostD.willcome50. Janehasjustarrived. Ididn'tknowsheD.willcomeA.iscoming B.wascoming C.hadbeencoming1—5CADDC20CAABA21—25BDDAD1—5CADDC20CAABA21—25BDDADAABBD41—45ACABD26—30BADDD31—35BDDBD36-4046—50ABCBB6—10BBCAD11—15BAACC16—26—30BADDD31—35BDDBD36-4046—50ABCBB河南專升本英語語法之強調(diào)句型2011-3-818:27:04瀏覽數(shù)：20本站原創(chuàng)佚名【字體：大中小】我要評論(0)考試重點：強調(diào)句型的基本形式Itis(was)+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…；強調(diào)句型用來強調(diào)狀語。一、強調(diào)句型的基本形式Itis (was)+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…。二、強調(diào)句型用來強調(diào)狀語。1、Itwasinthatsmallroomtheyworkedhardanddreamedofbetterdaystocome.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichd.that(答案:D。強調(diào)地點狀語)2、Itisbecausesheisverydevotedtoherstudentssheisrespectedbythem.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who(答案：A。強調(diào)原因狀語)3、Itwasnotuntilshearrivedinclassrealizedshehadforgottenherbook.A.andsheB.whenC.sheD.thatshe (答案：D)2012年河南專升本英語語法必備the+最高級的搭配the+最高級+比較范圍TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞the,副詞最高級前可不用

形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義，只表示"非常"。Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.注意：使用最高級要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。（錯） Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.（對） Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.下列詞可修飾最高級，byfar,far,much,mostly,almostThishatisnearly/almostthebiggest. 注意：very可修飾最高級，但位置與much不同。Thisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebest.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級。Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.3）句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentsinhisclass.4）"否定詞語+比較級"，"否定詞語+so…as”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級含義。Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis=Thisistheeasiestthing.河南專升本考試英語語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題——代詞代詞的分類.人稱代詞：有主格、賓格、所有格（含形容詞性和名詞性兩種所有格）.反身代詞：myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselvesthemselves.指示代詞:this,that,these,those.疑問代詞:who,whom,what,which.相互代詞:eachother,oneanother.不定代詞:some,any,all,both,none,one,each,either,neither,other,another,something,anything,nothing,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,nobody.關(guān)系代詞（用于定語從句）:who,whom,whose,that,which,as代詞用法注意點ofyours?/Do.名詞性所有格代詞可作主語、賓語、表語，可用于雙重所有格。例如：Thisisntmybook.Itshis.Mineisinthebag./Issheafriendyouthinkthisbagofminebeautiful?/Shelostsomepencilsofhers.ofyours?/Do.反身代詞可用于某些固定搭配。例如：①（all）byoneself 自己單干，獨立干：Theboyusuallyfinisheshishomeworkbyhimself.②ofoneself自動地，自行地：Marywillcorrecthermistakesintheexercisesofherself.③foroneself替/為自己：Youhavetochooseforyourself..指示代詞this/these一般用來指時間和空間上較近的人或物；that/those空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。進行比較時，that可代替不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞以避免重復(fù)；those可代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞以免重復(fù)。例如：Thewaterofthewelliscleanerthanthatof theriver./TheChristmascardsmuchbetterthanthoseyouboughtyesterday..相互代詞eachother,oneanother. 前者通常指兩者之間的"相互”，后者側(cè)重三者或三者以上的“相互”，也可指兩者之間的“相互”。.不定代詞①some多用于肯定句；any多用于否定句，疑問句或條件句中。另外some可用于表示請求提議或者希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中，修飾可數(shù)名詞，表示“任何、無論哪一個”例如：Ifyouhaveanyink,pleasegivemesome.Edisonbecamequiteexpertatitandcouldfindworkinanytownhewent②all與noneall表示“三者或三者以上全部”，可以修飾可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞。none用于表示對三個三個以上的人或物的否定，意思是“沒有什么人，沒有什么東西”，可作主語和賓語。of…后的謂語可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。none可以簡略回答以Howmany或Howmuch開頭的疑問句。例如：Noneofthemhave/hasfailed. Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk? None.注意：noone( =nobody)不同于none,作主語時只能跟單數(shù)謂語，不可跟of短語連用回答以who開頭的問句，不能回答Howmany/much…開頭的問句。例如： Whoisintheroom? noone(=Nobody). Isthereanyoilintheglass? None.③other,another,theother,others,theothersother表示“沒有范圍的，其他的"，與名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。如：otherbooks/boys/…another泛指很多中的“另一個”，可作代詞或形容詞用，代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：Idontlikethishat,pleaseshowmeanothertheother可作代詞或形容詞用，指已知的事物或人中的“另一個”，或另一方中的“全部其他的”。如：Ihavetwosisters.Oneisastudentandtheotherisaworker./Icanseeonl ytwoteachersintheoffice.Wherearetheotherteachers?others泛指其他的人或物；theothers特指其余的人或物。others常和some對比使用。例如：Thirtystudentsinourclassareboys,theothersaregirls.Somearecarryingwater,othersarewateringthetrees.④one作為不定代詞，泛指“任何人”(包括說話人在內(nèi))，還可用來代替上文出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞(指人或物)，并有復(fù)數(shù)形式oneso例如：Ihaveboughtanewbike.Myoldonedoesntwork./Onemustdoonesduty.注意：one,that都可代替前面出現(xiàn)過的單數(shù)名詞，但這樣用時，one可被前置或后置定語修飾,that只能被后置定語修飾。例如：

Thisbookistheonethatisneededbyhim.Myseatisnexttothatofourteach代詞考點分析Whenshallwemeetagain? Makeitdayyoulike;it sallthesametome.A.one B.any C.some D.another析：此題答案為B。若選A,oneday意"過去/將來的某一天"；若選C,someday意"有朝一日”、“將來某一天”、“遲早”；若選D,anotherday意“改日”、“又/另一天”；選B,anyday意"隨便哪一天”、“無論哪一天”，顯然它適合此題。mreadinganewbookthesedays,inEnglish.A.it B.that C.one D.which析：排除A選項it的原因是因為it前或后都不可放定語；若選B項that,則因其不能替代同一事物，也可排除；至于D項which，因其是定語從句引導(dǎo)詞，在此明顯不合用。只有C項one一方面它可有前置或后置定語，另一方面它可以替代前面出現(xiàn)的名詞abook,故是正確答案。.ThereweretwoboyswhocalledandIgaveanappleto.A.every B.all C.either D.each析：由題干內(nèi)容可知有兩個孩子在叫喊，故all（指三者或三者以上）不可選；every表“兩者中任意的一個”，在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each（兩者中的每一個）填入空白才合題干內(nèi)容。.Wedontknowofthevisitorshere;weonlyknowsome.A.everyone B.everyone C.anybody D.eachone析：因為everyone.everybody,anybody 等不定代詞一般不帶限定語（此處不能與of短語連用），故A、C選項可排除。若選D項，因not???each結(jié)構(gòu)表全否定，與下句"weonlyknowsome"不合，故不能成立。只有選B時，not???every表半否定，與下句意相合。.Youngpeoplemaygrowquicklyinsomewaysandmoreslowlyin.A.theother B.someother C.others D.thoseother析：根據(jù)insomeways（在某些方面），可知空白處要選表達復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞，據(jù)此可排除A、B；又因為沒有thoseother這樣的詞語，故可排除D。根據(jù)some常與others相呼應(yīng)使用規(guī)律，可定C為正確答案。A.itnoteasytoanswerit.Thequestionistoodifficultandwefound,A.itnoteasytoansweritD.itnoteasytoanswerB.itwasnoteasyforustoansweritD.itnoteasytoanswerC.itsnoteasytoanswer析：根據(jù)時態(tài)一致規(guī)律，wefound后不可跟C選項；要表達“那個問題不容易答?！边@“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個問題不容易答。”意思時，應(yīng)說Thequestionisnoteasytoanswer.要表達“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個問題不容易答。”據(jù)此可排除A、據(jù)此可排除A、B選項；只有D才是唯一正確選項。.Thehairdressernowcutsmen sandwomenshair.A.anyB.eachC.bothD.either析：根據(jù)題干mensandwomenA.anyB.eachC.bothD.either析：根據(jù)題干mensandwomenshair,可知應(yīng)選與兩者有關(guān)的代詞，于是立即可排除A。由于each和either不可直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格（應(yīng)說eachof???.eitherof…），故又可排除B、D選項。只有both才能與其后的and構(gòu)成both…and???結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案是Co. ShallIsitatthisendoftheboatortheotherend? Ifyoukeepstill,youcansitatend.A.neither B.each C.either D.any析：一條船只有兩頭，any是指三者或三者以上，在此不合用。neither是"兩者都不"，填入空白處意思不對；each意"兩者或三者，三者以上每個人都…”，若填入此題空白，不合語境，因為一個人不能同時坐船的兩頭。只有選either（兩者之一）才合此題情景。. Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet? No,Illfinishintenminutes.A.less B.more C.other D.another析：less后可直接跟形容詞、副詞、名詞，象tenminutes這樣的“數(shù)詞十名詞”短語則不可直接放于less之后，只能放于lessthan之后，因此A項可排除。“再過/再用十分鐘”可以說intenmoreminutes,tenminutesmore,anothertenminutes, 據(jù)此可排除B項。至于other一詞，因它不能表達“再、又”意，故也可排除。因此D為正確答案。.CanadaislargerthancountryinAsia.A.any B.anyother C.other D.another析：此題是加拿大與亞洲國家相比，無需other或another,else這類詞，故B、C、D應(yīng)排除。因為any（任何）后可跟單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，填入空白意思也合語境，所以A是正確答案。代詞專練Whichofthetwodictionarieswillyouborrow? Illborrow,forthedifferentuses.A.all B.both C.either D.neither2.ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.A.Each B.Any C.Noone D.None.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecauseofushadmoneyonus.A.all;no B.any;no C.none;any D.noone;any.Theywereallverytired,butofthemwouldstopto takearest.A.neither B.none C.some D.any.ThereisaNo.2trolleybusandaNo.24bus;willtakeyouthere.A.both B.either C.all D.any.Aswewereasleep,ofusheardthes ound.A.both B.none C.either D.any. WhichofthefivemayIuse?Oh,.A.anyone B.anyone C.anything D.nothing. Arethetwoanswerscorrect? No,correct.A.nooneis B.botharenotC.neitheris D.eitherisnot.Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn t.A.any B.some C.no D.anything.YouhavethreeEnglishdictionaries,butIhaveonlytwo.A.ones B.不填 C.theone D.theones.IhaveacolourTVset.Iwanttosell.A.one B.theone C.that D.it.Thisfilmisnotsogoodaswesawlastweek.A.that B.it C.theone D.one.ofusmustgothereandhelphimout.A.Oneorother B.OnebyoneC.Oneortheother D.Oneoranother.Weallfelttobethehighestpraise.A.it B.that C.thatone D.theone.HaventyoureadEnglishstorices?Pleasetellusaninterestingone.A.any B.all C.either D.some. Wouldyoulikedumplings? No,thanks.A.some B.another C.any D.all.Ifthereischance,Iwilltryanother.A.one B.any C.some D.all. Areheretotakethecollegeentranceexam?Yes,we.A.allyou;areall B.youall;allareC.allofyou;areall D.youofall;allare.MrGreengavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexceptwhohadalreadytakenthem.A.one B.theones C.some D.theothers. Haveyoueverseenasnakealive?TOC\o"1-5"\h\z Yes,Iveseen.A.that B.so C.one D.it. Lily,doyouhaveanumbrella?Itisrainingoutside. Yes,butit s.A.smallone B.smallumbrella C.onlyasmallone D.thatone.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkhard,butdidnthelp.A.this B.which C.any D.it. Haveyougotredink? Sorry,Ihaven tgot.A.some;someB.any;many C.some;any D.any;some24.IpreferastreetinasmalltowntoinsuchalargecityasShanghai.A.that B.it C.this D.one25.SaradhasreadalotofstoriesbyAmericanwriters.Nowshewouldliketoreadstoriesbywritersfromcountries.A.some;any B.other;some C.some;otherD.other;other26.Ishere? No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody27.Ourheadmasteradvisedusthatinordertosucceedinlife,onehastobe

honestwithfriends.A.their B.her C.ones D.our28.Iborrowedsomebooksmyself,butwhenIwasgoingtoreadthem,thelampwentoutitselfandIhadtositinthedarkmyself.A.不填;for;byB.by;for;of C.for;of;by D.of;不填；by29.WhenIfirstsawtheoldfarmer,Icouldhardlyimagineinventedthemachinetopickcotton.A.himself B.hehimself C.heforhimselfD.hebyhimself30.Itisimpossibleforallthepeopletogetthejob,becauseofthemarenotfitforit.A.allof B.noneof C.eachof D.everyoneof代詞專練答案1—5BDCBB11—15DCABD1—5BDCBB11—15DCABD21—25CDCDC6—10BACAB16—20ABBBC26—30CCCBA英語語法中數(shù)詞的主要用法及練習(xí)題、模擬題。一、表示日期1949年1949讀作nineteenforty-nine6月23日J(rèn)une23rd讀作June(the)twenty-third或thetwenty-thirdofJune2006年10月October2006讀作October,twothousandandsix1600年5月2日May2nd,2005讀作thesecondofMay,sixteenhundred二、表小鐘點半小時用half,一刻鐘用aquarter,半小時以內(nèi)用past,超過半小時用to。08:00eighto'coeight09:15ninefifteen或aquarterpast/afternine02:30twothirty或halfpast/aftertwo05:45fiveforty-five或aquartertosix14:15fourteenfifteen=2.15p.m.23:05twenty-threeohfive24:00twenty-fourhundredhours=midnight三、表小編號.單純的編號，可在基數(shù)詞前加 number,簡寫為No.。如No.2第二。.序號與事物名詞連用時分三種情況：(A)小序號可用"the+數(shù)詞+名詞”或名詞+基數(shù)詞”。如第一次課可以說theFirstLesson或LessonOne。

（B）大序號通常只用 名詞+數(shù)詞”。如808號房間Room808;168路公共汽車BusNo.168;南京路1490號1490NanjingRoad;電話號碼83545601（用基數(shù)詞逐個念，0念字母O）。I用“a/the+number基數(shù)詞+名詞”。如aNo.3bus一輛三路公共汽車，theNo.3bus那輛三路公共汽車。四、表示倍數(shù).倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞（原級）+as。如：Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.這座橋是那座橋的三倍長。.倍數(shù)+形容詞或副詞的比較級+than。如：Thisbridgeisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.這座橋是那座橋的三倍長。.倍數(shù)+thesize/length/weight 表示of較對象的名詞。如：Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.這座橋是那座橋的三倍。.倍數(shù)+what引導(dǎo)的從句。如：Thecollegeistwicewhatitwas5yearsago.這所大學(xué)是它五年前的兩倍。五、表示約數(shù).用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millionsof表示幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬”等。如：Theboyboughtdozensofpencils.那個男孩買了幾十支鉛筆。Thousandsofpeoplediedintheearthquake.數(shù)以千計的人死于地震。注息：（A）dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等表示確切數(shù)量時，不用復(fù)數(shù)。如fivedozenofeggs五打雞蛋，threehundredpeople五百個人。但score用法略有不