人教新目標英語八年級上冊Unit-1重難點總結+練習題(無答案)

人教新目標英語八年級上冊Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?一、重點短語ofcourse當然feellike給…的感覺；感受到dislikedoingsth討厭做某事gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去沙灘summercamp夏令營visitmyuncle拜訪我的叔叔gooutwithsb與某人一起出去tastegood嘗起來很好buysbforsth=buysbsth給某人買某物haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=enjoyyourself玩得開心二、重點句型Longtimenosee.好久不見?！癓ongtimenosee.”表示很久不見，用于說話雙方很久未見面之后。Thereis/wasnothingmuchtodo…but…除了沒有太多的事可做。1）本句中出現(xiàn)了不定代詞nothing，形容詞修飾不定代詞時需要后置。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellmetoday?你今天有什么有趣的事情告訴我嗎？2）動詞不定式做定語修飾不定代詞nothing。如：HehastheabilitytoexpresshimselfinEnglish.他有能力用英語表達自己的觀點。Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道過去這兒的生活是什么樣的。本句中，句子的主語為I，謂語動詞為wonder，wonder之后的內(nèi)容為賓語，而同時這又是一個句子,因此稱之為賓語從句。如：Idon'tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你該依靠誰。Whatadifferenceadaymakes!多么非同一般的一天啊！1）本句中運用了一個非常重要的短語：makeadifference。具體解釋可參看重點詞匯部分的講解。2）本句是一個名詞性感嘆句。名詞性感嘆句的結構是：結構1：what+a/an+（形容詞）+名詞單數(shù)+（主語+謂語/表語）；結構2：what+（形容詞）+名詞復數(shù)+（主語+謂語/表語）Whatafinedayitis!多好的一天啊！Whatkindwomentheyare!她們是多么善良的人啊!Whataclevergirl!多聰明的一個女孩??！結構3：what+（形容詞）+不可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語/表語）Whatbadweatheritis!多糟糕的天氣??！Whatexcitingnewsitis!多么激動人心的消息?。∪?、重點詞匯l.anyone:Didyougowithanyone?有人和你一起去嗎？pron.anyone任何人，相當于anybody，通常用在否定句、疑問句或條件從句中。如:Iwon'ttellanyoneIsawyouhere.我不會告訴任何人我在這兒見過你。Whywouldanyonewantthatjob?為什么會有人想要那份工作呢？知識拓展…同類不定代詞some-any-no-every-指人someone有人somebodyanyone任何人anybodynoone沒有人nobodyeveryone人人everybody指物something某物anything任何事nothing沒有事everything一切事指地點somewhere某地anywhere任何地方nowhere無處，沒有地方everywhere至U處⑴由some-,any-,no-,every-構成的符合不定代詞作主語時，都作單數(shù)看待，其謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。（2）不定代詞若有定語修飾，該定語要置于其后，作后置定語。如：I'dlikesomethingtodrink.我想要些喝的。Isthereanythinginterestinginthebook?這本書中有有趣的東西嗎？anywhere:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?哦，你去過某個有趣的地方嗎？adv./pron.anywhere什么地方，任何地方，常用在否定句或疑問句中。肯定句中常用somewhere，其修飾詞也常常放在其后面。如：Ihaven'tgotanywheretolive.我還沒有找到住的地方。Didyoutrytogethelpfromanywhere?你努力從哪兒尋求幫助嗎？quiteafew:Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.在那里，我們拍了相當多的照片。quiteafew表示“相當多的，許多”。其后接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)。如：Shewentshoppingandboughtquiteafewthings.她上街買了很多東西。?知識拓展…同義詞:many,notafew,quitealittle其中quitealittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而quiteafew修飾可數(shù)名詞。如：There'sstillquitealittlemilkinthebottle.那個瓶子里還有不少牛奶。most：Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.我大多數(shù)時間只是待在家里看看書，放松一下。adj.most多數(shù)的；大部分的；作代詞，表示“大多數(shù)，大部分”。如：Mostpeoplethinkso.大多數(shù)人都這樣想。?知識拓展---相關短語mostof表示“絕大多數(shù)”，可用于如下結構中：mostof+the+復數(shù)名詞/mostof+物主代詞+名詞/mostof+賓格代詞注：mostof結構做主語，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于of后的名詞或代詞。如：Mostofthestudentslikereadingthestory.大部分學生喜歡讀這個故事。5.onvacation:Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪兒度假了？onvacation表示“在度假中；度假”。on表示“進行中，在從事…中”，引出后面的活動(尤其旅行)。如：onaschooltrip學校旅游/Bobandhisfamilyareonvacation.鮑勃和他全家在度假。知識拓展---詞義辨析holiday/festival/vacation/leave這些名詞均有“假日，節(jié)日”之意。holiday:指按規(guī)定不工作的各種假日，時間可長可短。在英國復數(shù)形式表示較長的假期。festival：指公眾慶祝、歡度的節(jié)日。vacation:通常指時間較長的假期，如學校的寒暑假等。leave:主要指政府機關工作人員或軍隊人員獲準的休假、假期。6?goto:Shewenttothemountains.她去爬山了。gotosp.(todosth.)去某個地方(做某事)gotothezoo去動物園goto+n.和gotodosth.表示去做某事goto(the)movies去看電影(一般用復數(shù)形式，不說gotoamovie)gotodinner去吃飯/gotoclass去上課/gotowork去上班/gotosleep去睡覺注：在該結構中，要注意冠詞的使用和區(qū)別，例如：gototheschool表示的是去學校里，強調(diào)學校這個地理位置，而gotoschool指的是去上學；gotothebed表示的是去到床那里，強調(diào)的是床所在之處，而gotobed指的是上床睡覺；gotothecinema表示的是去電影院，強調(diào)學校這個地理位置，而gotocinema指的是去看電影。7.myself:formyself為自己pron.myself我自己，在單數(shù)人稱的詞尾加self，復數(shù)人稱代詞加selves；第一、二人稱代詞的反身代詞是形容詞性物主代詞之后加后綴self或selves，第三人稱代詞是用賓格代詞加后綴。常在句中作賓語或同位語，類似的反身代詞構成如下：our+selves—ourselves/your+self—yourself/your+selves—yourselves/him+self—himselfher+self—herself/it+self—itself/them+selves—themselves詞義辨析：byoneself/foroneself/tooneself/ofoneself這四個介詞短語均屬“介詞+反身代詞”結構，但意義各不相同：byoneself"單獨地；獨立地”(=withouthelp,alone).如：Didyoudothisbyyourselfordidsomeonehelpyou?是你自己做的，還是別人幫你做的？foroneself“為自己(的利益而做某事)；獨自地(與byoneself同義)”。如：Hehasbuiltahouseforhimself.他為自己建造了一幢房子。Youmustfinditoutforyourself.你必須自己把它找出來。ofoneself洎然而然地；自動地”為不及物動詞。如：Thefirediedofitself.火自己熄滅了。tooneself"默默地”“暗自”，常與talk,say,think等動詞連用。如；Hesaidtohimselfthattherewassomethingwrong.他想這其中有毛病。注：saytooneself“在心里想”，talk/speaktooneself“自言自語”兩者不可混淆。seem似乎...seemedtobebored似乎有些無聊。seem用作系動詞，表示“似乎；好像,，。常用于“seem(tobe)+形容詞/名詞/介詞/過去分詞/動名詞”結構中。如：Thegirlseemshappytoday.這個女孩今天似乎很高興。知識拓展seem可構成以下結構：seemtodosth.似乎要；好像要；/seemlikedoing...看起來像；Itseemsthat/as訐似乎，看起來。如：Heseemstothinkso.他似乎認為如此。/Heseemslikeadoctor.他看起來像醫(yī)生。Itseemsthatheissad.=Heseemstobesad.他似乎很難過。詞義辨析：look/seem/appear這些動詞均有“看起來，好像是”之意。appear:指從感觀印象看似乎是如此，但有時著重指因視野、觀點限制而產(chǎn)生的歪曲印象。look:指從樣子看起來，側重通過視覺而建立的印象。seem:多指從主觀印象或個人反應得出的看法。bored無聊的...seemedtobebored似乎有些無聊。adj.感到厭煩，bebored表示“感到厭煩的、煩悶的”，常用來形容人，也可用getbored。boringadj.令人厭煩的：Exercisingalonecanbeboring.獨自鍛煉會很枯燥。有一類動詞后面加ing和ed轉化為形容詞：女口：interesting/interested;terrifying/terrified;exciting/excited;amazing/amazed;relaxing/relaxed；moving/moved;surprising/surprised;tiring/tired;pleasing/pleased;frightening/frightened等。加ing表“令人......的”，加ed表“使人感到......的”，如：Thebookisinteresting.這本書很有意思。/Iaminterestedinthebook.我對書很感興趣。10?Keepadiary:寫日記writeadiary記筆記=keepanote做筆記ll.decide決定…sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel....因此我們決定到我們住的旅館附近的海灘上。v.decide決定(過去式:decided過去分詞:decided現(xiàn)在分詞:deciding第三人稱單數(shù):decides)常用于以下結構中：decidetodosth.決定做.../decideon(doing)sth.決定什么；makeadecisiontodosth決定做某事/decide+從句(wh-疑問句或that從句)。如：WedecidedtogotoNewYorknextmonth.我們決定下個月去紐約。Wedecidedongoingswimming.我們決定去游泳。知識拓展--相關單詞n.decision決定，makeadecision表示“做決定”。如：Imadeadecisiontostudybetter.我決定好好學習。try嘗試MysisterandItriedparagliding.我的姐姐和我試著滑翔。v.try試圖；設法；努力(過去式:tried過去分詞:tired現(xiàn)在分詞:trying第三人稱單數(shù):tries)trytodo意為"努力，企圖做某事"。如：Youmusttrytobemorecareful.你可要多加小心。trydoing意為"試驗，試著做某事"。如：Itriedgardeningbutdidn'tsucceed.我試著種果木花卉，但未成功。n.try嘗試；實驗Iwanttohaveatry.我想嘗試一下。tryon試穿，試試看/haveatry(go)試一試try/doone'sbest(todo)盡某人最大的努力去干feellike:IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感覺像一只鳥。feellike表示“感覺像......，想要”。feel是連系動詞，like是介詞。如：WhenIcamebacktoWuhan,Ifeltlikeastranger.當我回到武漢時感到非常陌生。Ifeellikestayinginbedallday.我想要整天待在床上。Idon'tfeellikegoingforaswim.我不想去游泳。wonder:Iwonderwhatlifewaslikethereinthepast.我想知道在過去那兒的生活是什么樣。vt.wonder想知道，琢磨，對感到奇怪(疑惑)Iwonderwheretospendtheweekend.我琢磨去哪里度周末。?知識拓展---相關句型/結構wonderatsth.驚奇/驚訝于某事/wondertodosth.想干某事wonder+who/what/why+從句或todo…想知道/wonder+if/whether…想知道是否difference:Whatadifferenceadaymakes!多么非同一般的一天?。.difference不同，makea/thedifference表示“要緊，起作用，有所不同”，也可用makea/no/little/much/somedifference表示“對有/沒有/幾乎沒有/有很大/有些影響”。如：Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherhegoesornot.他去還是留對我沒有影響。Whatyouhavetoldmemaymakeadifferencetomyownopinion.你告訴我的一切，可能影響我自己的看法。because:becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.由于這惡劣的天氣，我們不能看清山下面的任何東西。becauseof是介詞短語，表示“由于”，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。如：Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseoftherain.因為下雨，足球賽延期了。?知識拓展---詞義辨析because/becauseof:because是連詞，后接句子，是主句的直接原因，常用來回答由why引導的特殊疑問句。如：--Whyareyouinahurry?--BecauseIwanttocatchthefirstbus.becauseof是復合介詞，后接名詞或代詞，相當于名詞詞組。如：Hecan'tcomebecauseofillness.他生病了，所以沒來。below:Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.由于這惡劣的天氣，我們不能看清山下面的任何東西。prep./adv.below在下面，在下面Iheardsomeonecallingfromthestreetbelow.我聽到有人在樓下的街上叫喊。?知識拓展---詞義辨析below/beneath/under1）below“在下面”，指處于比某物低的位置，不一定在某物的正下方。它的反義詞是over。如：Writeyournamebelowtheline.在線下寫上你的名字。2）under“在的下面”，相當于below，有時可以通用，但它指處于某物的正下方，其反義詞是over。如：Hestoodunderatree.他站在樹下。3）beneath“在的下面”，是舊用法的文學用語，現(xiàn)在很少用。相當于below，尤其相當于under。如：Childrenareplayingbeneaththewindow.孩子們在窗子下面游戲。注：down是副詞，指自上而下，由高而低，常與表運動的動詞連用。其反義詞是up。如：Hefelldownthestairs.他從樓梯上跌了下來。enough:Myfatherdidn'tbringenoughmoney...我的父親沒有帶足夠的錢adj.enough充足的，充分的，足夠的，作定語修飾名詞時，可放在名詞的前面或后面。Thefoodisenoughforthetrip.用于這次旅行的食物足夠了。三、重點語法1?不定代詞：不明確指代某個（些）人、某個（些）事物的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞可以代替名詞和形容詞，沒有主格和賓格之分，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。不定代詞的分類如下表所示:普通不some,any,one,none定代詞somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,anyone,noone,something,anything,nothing個體不each,other,another,either,neither,half定代詞everybody,everyone,everything數(shù)量不定代詞all,both,many,much,few,little,afew,alittle,alot,lots,agreatdeal,agreatmany,other,others,another,theother一般過去時：表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等。Igotupat6:30yesterday.我昨天6:30起床。1）肯定句“主語+動詞過去式+其他”或者“主語+was/were+其他”。Iplayedtennislastweekend.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。Myschooltripwasgreat.我的學校郊游棒極了。2）否定句“主語+didn't+動詞原形+其他”或“主語+wasn't/weren't+其他”。Thegirldidn'tplaycomputergamesyesterdayafternoon.這個女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲。OldHenrywasn'thappylastFriday.上星期五老亨利不高興。3）一般疑問句“Did+主語+動詞原形+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes，主語+did”，否定回答為“No,主語+didn't”或者“Was/Were+主語+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes，主語+was/were”，否定回答為“No，主語+wasn't/weren't”。一Didyougotothebeach?你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔恳籝es,wedid./No,wedidn't.是的，我們?nèi)チ恕?不，我們沒有。一WasyourweekendOK?你的周末過得還行吧？一Yes,itwas./No,itwasn't.是的，還行。/不，不行。4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+—般疑問句（順序）？一WhatdidLiLeidolastweekend?李雷上周末干什么了？一Hevisitedhisgrandparents.他去看了他的祖父母。一Wherewereyouyesterday?你昨天在哪兒？一Iwasathome.我在家里。動詞過去式分規(guī)則變化與不規(guī)則變化。具體如下：動詞過去式規(guī)則變化：一般在動詞末尾加一ed。walkfwalkedplayfplayed以不發(fā)音e結尾的動詞末尾只加一d。love—loveddecide—decided結尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞。先將y變?yōu)閕，再加一edstudy—studiedcarry—carried4.4.末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加一ed。stopfstoppedplan—planned一單元測試題一、單項選擇()1.Boshanisabeautifulplace.Therearemanypeopleherevacationeveryyear.A.toB.forC.inD.on()2.EveryoneanEnglishstorybook.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.arehaving()3.-Excuseme,isthereintoday'snewspaper?--No,nothing.A.newanythingB.anythingnewC.somethingnewD.newsomething()4.-Doesthesoupnice?--Yes.It'shot,butreallydelicious.A.feelB.soundC.tasteD.look()5.September10thisDay.A.TeacherB.AteacherC.Teachers'D.Teachers()6.Ienjoymybikeinthemountains.It'snotalwayseasy,butexciting.A.rideB.rodeC.ridingD.toride()7.Ididn'tgotoPenangHillthebadweather.A.soB.becauseC.becauseofD.but()8.-WhynotTomatoycarforhisbirthday?--Goodidea!Helikescarsverymuch.A.buyB.buysC.buyingD.tobuy()9.ProjectHopebuilt(建造)manyschoolsbigclassroomandlibraries.A.ofB.inC.forD.with()10.Thesoccermatchwasexcitingthateveryonewascheering(歡呼)andjumping.A.soB.veryC.tooD.quite()11.Myparentsalwaystellmecomputergamestoomuch.

A.playsB.toplayC.notplayD.nottoplay()12.Itisraining,soJohndecidesathome.A.stayB.tostayC.stayedD.staying()13.-Ben,couldyouhelpmewhenthetrainwillarriveontheInternet?--I'msorry,mycomputerdoesn'twork.A.lookoutB.getoutC.findoutD.takeout()14.Lucygotothemovies.ShewatchedTVathome.A.isn'tB.didn'tC.wasn'tD.doesn't()15.--?--Theywenttosummercamp.A.WhydidtheygoonvacationB.HowdidtheygoonvacationC.WhendidtheygoonvacationD.Wheredidtheygoonvacation()16.Sheisnewhere，soshehasfriendsatschool.A,muchB.fewC,littleD.alittle()17.--Helptosomefruits.-Thankyou.A.yourselfB.yourC.youD.yours()18.-IamgoingtoLondonforaholidaynextmonth.-!A.HaveagoodtimeB.It'sterribleC.GoodjobD.Whatapity()19..You'dbetternotreadtoday'snewspaperbecausethereisinit.A.nothingspecialB.anythingnewC.EverythingimportantD.Somethinginteresting()20.--Whatdoyouthinkofthe3DfilmTitaniclastnight?--Itwas.Ienjoyeditalot.A.boringB.wonderfulC.strangeD.Terrible()21.Thenewsmademe.A.feelexcitedB.feelexcitingC.tofeelexcitedD.tofeelexciting()22.LastSundaywewenttothebeach.Wehadgreatfuninthewater.A.playingB.playsC.playD.toplayA.playingB.playsC.playD.toplay()23.Myfathertriesvegetableseleventotwelvetimesaweek.A.eatB.toeatingC.toeatD.ate()24.Whydon'tyouasktohelpyou?A.nooneB.nobodyC.someoneD.anyone()25.MymotherandIatmyhomethatsnowynightA.were,atB.was,atC.were,onD.was,on()26.It'sspringnow,sowedecidetothemountains.A.togoB.goingC.togoingD.go()27.Iwaslateforschoolthebuswastoocrowedformetogeton.A.becauseB.becauseofC.soD.but()28.Hedidnotwrite,though(盡管)hehad.A.carefulenough;enoughtimeB.carefullyenough;enoughtimeC.enoughcareful;enoughtimeD.enoughcarefully;timeenough()29.Everyoneinmyclassthepoorboywithoutparents.A.wanttohelpB.wanthelpingC.wantstohelpD.wantshelping()30.IfeltwhenIheardthenews.A.exciting;excitedB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excitingD.excited;excited二、完形填空.先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個可以填入相應空白處的最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內(nèi)。ThreemencametoLondon1vacations.Theycametoaverylargehotelandlivedinaroomontheforty-fifthfloor.Onedaytheywenttoseeamovieandcamebacktothehotelverylate.“I'mvery2，”saidthewaiter(服務員)ofthehotel,“Butourlift(電梯)doesnotworkthisevening.”O(jiān)neofthemsaidtohistwofriends，”Wehavetowalkuptoourroom.It'svery_3_.IthinkIknowhowtomakeiteasier.4ourwaytotheroom,Ishall(將)5yousomejokes;thenyou,John,willsingus6songs;thenyou,Peter,willtellussome7stories.”Sotheybegantowalktotheirroom.Tomtoldthemmanyjokes.Johnsangsomesongs.Atlast,theycametothefortiethfloor.Theywere8anddecidedtohavearest(休息).“Well,”saidTom,“Peter,willyoutellusa9storywithasad(傷心的)end?”“Ishalltellyouasadstory,”saidPeter.“Itisshort10itissadenough.Weleftourkeyinthedownstairsroomjustnow.Whatshallwedo?()1.A.forB.toC.withD.At

()1.A.forB.toC.withD.At()2.A.tired()3.A.funny()4.A.In()5.A.tell()6.A.alot()7.A.interest()2.A.tired()3.A.funny()4.A.In()5.A.tell()6.A.alot()7.A.interest()8.A.tiredB.excitedB.difficultB.AtB.talkB.muchB.interestingB.hungry()9.A.interestingB.true()10.A.and三、閱讀理解B.soC.sorryC.helpfulC.ByC.speakC.alittleC.interestedC.happyC.excitingC.becauseD.happyD.EarlyD.OnD.sayD.someD.sadD.worriedD.uglyD.butA:Mike'ssummervacationA:OnJuly18th,2013,MikeandhisparentswenttoQingdao,acityinShandongforsummervacation.Qingdaoisabeautifulcitywithsea.Itwasabout12:00whentheyarrivedthereonthefirstday.Theyfoundahotelandhadashortrest.Itwasreallyhotandtheydecidedtogotothebeach.Atabout3:30pm,theygottothebeach.Thereweremanypeoplethere.Somewerelying(躺)onthebeachandmanychildrenwereplayinginthewater.Mikewasplayingwiththemandhewasveryhappy.Hisparentsalsofeltrelaxed.Abouttwohourslater,theywentbacktothehotel.Onthesecondday,itrainedallday.MikewatchedTVinthehotelwithhisfatherandhismotherwentshopping.OnJuly20th,theywenttoLaoshanMountaininthemorningandtookabushomeintheafternoon.Theyweretiredbuthappy.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內(nèi)。()1.WheredidMike'sfamilygoonvacation?A.ToShanghai.B.ToTianjin.C.ToS