全國(guó)高考短文改錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

xxx公司文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度短文改錯(cuò)考情分析:1.詞類用法：考查不同詞類的不同用法,與語(yǔ)法填空中的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換考點(diǎn)相同。2.辨析：只考many與much,here與there,some與any,ago與before等十分常見(jiàn)的詞之間的混用,這些詞是稍有語(yǔ)感、不講自會(huì)的,千萬(wàn)別走入過(guò)去凡遇近義詞必辨的誤區(qū)。3.其他：指不便歸于某一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的考點(diǎn)。2014課標(biāo)卷I——somewhere→everywhere2014課標(biāo)卷II——They→There(therebe句型寫成theybe)2014大綱卷——shouldableto→shouldbeableto(漏掉be，因able是形容詞,不能作謂語(yǔ),加be)聞創(chuàng)溝燴鐺險(xiǎn)愛(ài)氌譴凈。2013課標(biāo)卷I——remember…much→remember…well/clearly(習(xí)慣修飾語(yǔ)，記得清楚，而非記得非常。)殘騖樓諍錈瀨濟(jì)溆塹籟。2013課標(biāo)卷II——wasdrank→wasdrunk(過(guò)去分詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤)2013大綱卷——stand→standup(漏掉up)2012課標(biāo)卷——dowrong→gowrong(可列到辨析類)2012大綱卷I——cutoff→cutdown(語(yǔ)境意義)2011大綱卷I——thinkover→thinkof(語(yǔ)境意義)2011大綱卷II——so+adj.+that…寫成somuch+adj.+that…(如此……以致……)；morethanhappy寫成了betterthanhappy(非常高興)釅錒極額閉鎮(zhèn)檜豬訣錐。命題特點(diǎn)⑴用來(lái)命題的短文內(nèi)容與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)生活非常貼近，好像就是學(xué)生的習(xí)作。⑵長(zhǎng)度均在100詞左右。⑶這些材料都是記敘文。⑷新課標(biāo)卷的設(shè)題通常是：1處多1個(gè)詞，1處少1個(gè)詞，8處錯(cuò)1個(gè)詞。5.要求考生添加或刪除的詞通常是虛詞。⑴少了一個(gè)詞，要求添加的詞有：①冠詞：incountryside→inthecountryside(2015課標(biāo)I)Asresult→Asaresult(2014課標(biāo)I)②介詞：listeningmusic→listeningtomusic(2014課標(biāo)II)③連詞：Hehad…,hewas…→Hehad…,andhewas(2013課標(biāo)I)④不定式符號(hào)：cameseeme→cametoseeme(2007課標(biāo))⑤物主代詞：Tomsawparents→Tomsawhisparents(2015課標(biāo)II)彈貿(mào)攝爾霽斃攬磚鹵廡。⑵多了一個(gè)詞，要求刪除的詞有：介詞、冠詞、連詞、助動(dòng)詞、不定式符號(hào)to。①冠詞：Inafact→Infact(2013課標(biāo)I)allkindsoftheflowers→allkindsofflowers(2014課標(biāo)II)謀蕎摶篋飆鐸懟類蔣薔。②介詞：helenttomelotsofclothes→helentmelotsofclothes(2011課標(biāo))廈礴懇蹣駢時(shí)盡繼價(jià)騷。③連詞：Although…but→Although(2014課標(biāo)I)④不定式符號(hào)：hadbettertostop→hadbetterstop(2009課標(biāo))⑤助動(dòng)詞：hasbrought→brought(2010課標(biāo))Lotsofstudieshavebeenshown→Lotsofstudieshaveshown(2015課標(biāo)I)煢楨廣鰳鯡選塊網(wǎng)羈淚。⑥副詞：soverymuchthat→somuchthat(2015課標(biāo)II)⑹需要變形的詞通常是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。⑺所有考點(diǎn)都是最基本的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、最常用的單詞和短語(yǔ)的意義與用法，以及邏輯意義的連貫。沒(méi)有超出中學(xué)課本中講的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容。即只要掌握課本中講的語(yǔ)法就足以應(yīng)對(duì)考試了。鵝婭盡損鵪慘歷蘢鴛賴。短文改錯(cuò)與語(yǔ)法填空的異同：相同：主要考點(diǎn)基本相同。⑴名詞、代詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞。⑵時(shí)態(tài)一致、主謂一致、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、詞類用法、比較等級(jí)。以上兩個(gè)方面分別對(duì)應(yīng)語(yǔ)法填空的純空格題和給詞題。備考內(nèi)容：主要從以下十個(gè)方面入手?？键c(diǎn)1：名詞的數(shù)與格⑴在several,few,many,oneof,acoupleof,three,oneandahalf,alargenumberof,scoresof,dozensof等詞語(yǔ)后，或雖沒(méi)有這些詞但語(yǔ)境提示我們，本應(yīng)接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的，但文中卻用了單數(shù)。如：籟叢媽羥為贍僨蟶練淨(jìng)。Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourand…(hour→hours)［2014課標(biāo)II］預(yù)頌圣鉉儐歲齦訝驊糴。⑵像advice,fun,homework,information,news,progress,equipment,furniture,baggage,luggage,jewellery,clothing等絕對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞是沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式的，但在文中卻用了復(fù)數(shù)。如：滲釤嗆儼勻諤鱉調(diào)硯錦。Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages.(luggages→luggage)［2011課標(biāo)］鐃誅臥瀉噦圣騁貺頂廡。⑶本應(yīng)用名詞的所有格的，但文中沒(méi)有用。如：WhenIfinallyarrivedatmyfriendhelentmelotsofclothes.(myfriend→myfriend’s)［2011課標(biāo)］擁締鳳襪備訊顎輪爛薔。考點(diǎn)2：指代一致⑴上下文的人稱不一致。如：Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidinguswiththewonderfulmeals.贓熱俁閫歲匱閶鄴鎵騷。(them→us)［2011大綱］⑵上下文的單復(fù)數(shù)不一致。如：…bothofthemhavesimilarideas…Otherwise,itisimpossibleforhimtohelpeachotherandtomaketheirfriendshiplastlong.(him→them)［2014大綱］壇摶鄉(xiāng)囂懺蔞鍥鈴氈淚。⑶上下文的性別不一致。如：Beforeherleaving,Ipreparedagifttoshowmybestwishestohim.Shesaid…(him→her)［2010大綱］蠟變黲癟報(bào)倀鉉錨鈰贅。⑷人稱代詞格的誤用。如：LiMing’sparentsinvitedItospendtwowonderfulweeksinQingdaowiththem…(I→me)［2007課標(biāo)］買鯛鴯譖曇膚遙閆擷凄。⑸人稱代詞、反身代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞等的錯(cuò)用。如：Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothers…(從句主語(yǔ)which是指thevoice,這種聲音使“他”與別人分離,故改himself為him)［2013課標(biāo)I］綾鏑鯛駕櫬鶘蹤韋轔糴?？键c(diǎn)3：冠詞⑴基本用法：?jiǎn)螖?shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示“一個(gè)/段/座/本”等時(shí)要用a或an；表示特指時(shí)用the。如：Inotherwords,wewouldbeseparatedforlongtime.(longtime→alongtime)［2010大綱］驅(qū)躓髏彥浹綏譎飴憂錦。Manycountriesintheworldfindtheydon’thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshould…貓蠆驢繪燈鮒誅髏貺廡。(a→the，特指上文提到缺少“這個(gè)”問(wèn)題)［2012大綱］SowhenIhavetheproblem,Iwillturntoherforhelp.(the→a)［2013大綱］鍬籟饗逕瑣筆襖鷗婭薔。⑵固定短語(yǔ)中多用或少用冠詞。如：Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesaway…(Inafact→Infact)［2013課標(biāo)I］構(gòu)氽頑黌碩飩薺齦話騖。Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.(Asresult→Asaresult)［2014課標(biāo)］輒嶧陽(yáng)檉籪癤網(wǎng)儂號(hào)澩?？键c(diǎn)4：介詞⑴常用介詞的錯(cuò)用。如：Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.(timeforsth.做某事的時(shí)間)［2014課標(biāo)II］堯側(cè)閆繭絳闕絢勵(lì)蜆贅。⑵固定詞組中的介詞誤用。如：…andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes…(withthehelpof在……的幫助下)［2014課標(biāo)I］識(shí)饒鎂錕縊灩筧嚌儼淒。⑶固定詞組中的介詞漏用。如：（拓展）Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.(listento聽(tīng))［2014課標(biāo)II］凍鈹鋨勞臘鍇癇婦脛糴?？键c(diǎn)5：連詞⑴although/though/while不與but連用；since/as/because不與so連用。如：恥諤銪滅縈歡煬鞏鶩錦。Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydisease…(去掉but或改為yet)［2014課標(biāo)I］鯊腎鑰詘褳鉀溈懼統(tǒng)庫(kù)。⑵and與but用混。這是考得最多的微考點(diǎn)。如：Themorefriendswehave,themorewecanlearnfromoneanother,butthemorepleasurewecansharetogether.(but→and，前后沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)［2014大綱］碩癘鄴頏謅攆檸攜驤蘞。⑶and與or。AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryorpresentit.(or→and)［2010大綱］閿擻輳嬪諫遷擇楨秘騖。What’smore,wecangotoworkbybikeonceandtwiceaweek…(and→or)［2012大綱］氬嚕躑竄貿(mào)懇彈瀘頷澩。⑷so與or。Wewerewarnednottocheatagainsoshewouldneedtoseeourparents.(so因此→or否則)［2013四川］釷鵒資贏車贖孫滅獅贅。⑸after與before。Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatient.(Before→After邏輯)［2013陜西］慫闡譜鯪逕導(dǎo)嘯畫(huà)長(zhǎng)涼。⑹which與what。Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.(which→what所……的)［2013遼寧］諺辭調(diào)擔(dān)鈧諂動(dòng)禪瀉類。⑺多用或少用連詞。如：Withlittlesleepandhardlyanybreak,soheworksfrommorningtillnight.(去掉so)［2013遼寧］嘰覲詿縲鐋囁偽純鉿錈。Soiftheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize.(if后加what)［2010大綱］熒紿譏鉦鏌觶鷹緇機(jī)庫(kù)。⑻錯(cuò)用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。如：Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.(that→which)［2013課標(biāo)II］鶼漬螻偉閱劍鯫腎邏蘞?？键c(diǎn)6：時(shí)態(tài)一致⑴上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是過(guò)去時(shí)，突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Sheusedtoholdme…Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.(passes→passed)［2013課標(biāo)I］紂憂蔣氳頑薟驅(qū)藥憫騖。⑵上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)。如：Sincethen,wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.(had→has)［2014課標(biāo)I］穎芻莖蛺餑億頓裊賠瀧。此外，無(wú)論是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，都要注意在平行結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞形式的一致性，即“平行一致”。如在AandB或A,BandC中，A,B,C的形式要一致。如：濫驂膽閉驟羥闈詔寢賻。…bothofthemhavesimilarideasandtrustingeachother(trusting→trust)［2014大綱］銚銻縵嚌鰻鴻鋟謎諏涼?？键c(diǎn)7：主謂一致⑴行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其后加s。如：Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.(look→looks，主語(yǔ)是Mydreamschool)［2014課標(biāo)II］擠貼綬電麥結(jié)鈺贖嘵類。⑵have動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，have的現(xiàn)在時(shí)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))用has。主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在時(shí)用have，過(guò)去時(shí)用had。賠荊紳諮侖驟遼輩襪錈。LiMing,togetherwithhisparents,havegoneabroad.(have→has，主語(yǔ)是LiMing，注意：withsb.或togetherwithsb.等介詞短語(yǔ)是不能作主語(yǔ)的)（簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致）塤礙籟饈決穩(wěn)賽釙冊(cè)庫(kù)。⑶be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))用is，過(guò)去時(shí)(一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))用was。主語(yǔ)是I，用am或was；主語(yǔ)是you或復(fù)數(shù)，用are或were。如：裊樣祕(mì)廬廂顫諺鍘羋藺。…theonlyclothesIhadwasthoseIhadon.(was→were，主語(yǔ)是theonlyclothes)［2011課標(biāo)］倉(cāng)嫗盤紲囑瓏詁鍬齊驁。考點(diǎn)8：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般說(shuō)來(lái)，句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞，其前面又沒(méi)有并列連詞and,butor時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。我們應(yīng)根據(jù)該非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所作句子成分，以及它與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，來(lái)確定用具體的形式。綻萬(wàn)璉轆娛閬蟶鬮綰瀧。⑴作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)不能用動(dòng)詞原形，通常改為ing形式或不定式。如：Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner…(Have→Having)［2013課標(biāo)II］驍顧燁鶚巰瀆蕪領(lǐng)鱺賻。⑵熟記其后只能接ing或只能接todo作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。如：Lastyear,shedecidedstudyabroad.(study→tostudy，因decidetodosth.)［2010大綱］瑣釙濺曖惲錕縞馭篩涼。⑶介詞后要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式。注意區(qū)分to是介詞還是不定式符號(hào)。如：Heisn’tgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithotherpeople.(talk→talking，在介詞at后)［2013大綱］鎦詩(shī)涇艷損樓紲鯗餳類。Ilookforwardtoseeheragaininthenearfuture.(see→seeing，在介詞to后)［2010大綱］櫛緶歐鋤棗鈕種鵑瑤錟。⑷一些固定短語(yǔ)或句式中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。如：Sheusedtoholdingmeonherknees…(holding→hold，因usedtodosth.)［2013課標(biāo)I］轡燁棟剛殮攬瑤麗鬮應(yīng)。Well,Ihadbettertostopnow.(tostop→stop，因hadbetterdosth.)［2009課標(biāo)］峴揚(yáng)斕滾澗輻灄興渙藺。…maketheirfriendshiptolastlong.(tolast→last，因makesb.dosth.)［2014大綱］詩(shī)叁撻訥燼憂毀厲鋨驁。⑸根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系來(lái)確定用-ing形式還是用-ed形式。如：Wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.(have→having，因we與have是主動(dòng)關(guān)系)［2014陜西］則鯤愜韋瘓賈暉園棟瀧。Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelake…(Felt→Feeling，因we與feel是主動(dòng)關(guān)系)［2013陜西］脹鏝彈奧秘孫戶孿釔賻。⑹別混淆謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如：…butItriedhardtodoit.Suddenly,Mary,mybestfriend,askingmetolethercopymyanswers.(去掉同位語(yǔ)mybestfriend,顯然，主語(yǔ)是Mary,謂語(yǔ)是ask,由前句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知,用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故改asking為asked)［2013四川］鰓躋峽禱紉誦幫廢掃減?？键c(diǎn)9：詞類的用法⑴形容詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ),但短文中卻用了副詞或名詞。如：Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!(wonderfully→wonderful，作tomatoes的定語(yǔ))［2014課標(biāo)I］稟虛嬪賑維嚌妝擴(kuò)踴糶。Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.(taste→tasty，作表語(yǔ))［2014課標(biāo)I］陽(yáng)簍埡鮭罷規(guī)嗚舊巋錟。Ifoundthetestdifficulty,butItriedhardtodoit.(difficulty→difficult作補(bǔ)語(yǔ))［2013四川］溈氣嘮戇萇鑿鑿櫧諤應(yīng)。⑵副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、全句，但短文中卻用了形容詞。如：Interesting,ithadaconnectionwiththeBritishporcelain(瓷器)industry.(Interesting→Interestingly，修飾全句)［2013課標(biāo)II］鋇嵐縣緱虜榮產(chǎn)濤團(tuán)藺。Itwasrealaniceexperience.(real→really，修飾動(dòng)詞was)［2011大綱II］懨俠劑鈍觸樂(lè)鷴燼觶騮。⑶名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),但短文中卻用了形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。如：Hehasruinedhishealthy.(healthy→health，作ruined的賓語(yǔ))［2013遼寧］謾飽兗爭(zhēng)詣繚鮐癩別瀘。Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.(grow→growth，作介詞for的賓語(yǔ))［2013課標(biāo)II］咼鉉們歟謙鴣餃競(jìng)蕩賺。冠詞，介詞，形容詞性物主代詞，形容詞后用名詞。⑷-ed與-ing形容詞的用法區(qū)別：-ing令人……的(多為事)；-ed(人)感到……的。如：Iamawfullytiring(tiring→tired，因我感到累)［2013浙江］MyfriendNicktoldmeastoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS,whichwasveryinterested.(interested→interesting，指他的故事是“令人有趣的”)［2010課標(biāo)］瑩諧齷蘄賞組靄縐嚴(yán)減。考點(diǎn)10：常用詞辨析只考here與there,some與any,ago與before,many與much,verymuch與very或much,beside與besides,ever與never,either與neither,usedtodosth.與beusedto(doing)sth.等十分常見(jiàn)的詞語(yǔ)之間的辨析。千萬(wàn)別遇到近義詞就辨析，步入復(fù)習(xí)的岐途。如：麩肅鵬鏇轎騍鐐縛縟糶。Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,…mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes…(before→ago，相對(duì)說(shuō)話時(shí)多久以前,用ago；相對(duì)過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作在多久之前才用before)［2014課標(biāo)I］納疇鰻吶鄖禎銣膩鰲錟。Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.(many→much，修飾不可數(shù)名詞homework,用much)［2014課標(biāo)II］風(fēng)攆鮪貓鐵頻鈣薊糾廟。Thefruitsaresmall…Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.(much→many，替代可數(shù)名詞fruits,用many)［2014課標(biāo)I］滅噯駭諗鋅獵輛覯餿藹。Beside,Cleotendstobarkanaverageofsixhoursaday.(Beside→Besides，因beside是介詞,意為“在……的旁邊”；而besides作介詞時(shí)，意為“除……之外”，作副詞,意為“此外,而且”。注意，凡是介詞，其后一定有賓語(yǔ)。而此處沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，一定是用副詞)［2014遼寧］鐒鸝餉飾鐔閌貲諢癱騮。再次提醒：凡是用一兩句話辨別不清的，或者說(shuō)老師也要查資料才能弄清楚的，甚至去年查過(guò)資料，今年又得查資料才講得清楚的那些所謂的同義詞或近義詞之間的辨析，是絕對(duì)不會(huì)考的。萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可在這里浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，用辨析的這幾分鐘去多讀一遍英語(yǔ)短文或故事，享受其中的快樂(lè)吧。攙閿頻嶸陣澇諗譴隴瀘。此外，多用be或少用be是寫作中常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，因此短文改錯(cuò)中可能出現(xiàn)。記住：作謂語(yǔ)的是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如果不是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不用be；如果句中謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞，但漢語(yǔ)意思又完整了時(shí)，要用be。如：趕輾雛紈顆鋝討躍滿賺。Suddenlythearrowswereflyingdownatusfromthesky—theywerelookedlikerain!(因lookedlike中l(wèi)ooked本身就是系動(dòng)詞,were是多余的,應(yīng)當(dāng)去掉)［2014陜西］夾覡閭輇駁檔驀遷錟減。Sorealfriendshipshouldabletostandallsortsoftests.(因情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要接動(dòng)詞原形,而其后的able是形容詞,雖然意義完整,還是要加be)［2014大綱］視絀鏝鴯鱭鐘腦鈞欖糲。又如，Iverybusy.(我很忙。)雖然漢語(yǔ)意思完整，但句中busy是形容詞，無(wú)動(dòng)詞，要在I后加am。Atthattime,weintheclassroom.(那時(shí)我們?cè)诮淌依铩?雖然漢語(yǔ)意思完整，但句中無(wú)動(dòng)詞，要加be，即在we后加were。偽澀錕攢鴛擋緬鐒鈞錠。解題指導(dǎo)解題前，須明確：⑴一個(gè)詞：因只是多一詞、少一詞、錯(cuò)一詞，因此，需要增加、減少、改動(dòng)的都只是一個(gè)詞。⑵四不改：不要求考生改標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫、詞序、綱外詞，這四個(gè)方面不必考慮。解題中，可按以下步驟：⑴瀏覽全文，掌握大意。這一步非常重要，涉及單詞和短語(yǔ)意思的題，以及上下文邏輯是否通順的改連詞的題，不明白上下文意思，是改不出來(lái)的。在這一步中，如遇到無(wú)需思考的明顯錯(cuò)誤，可以直接改過(guò)來(lái)。緦徑銚膾齲轎級(jí)鏜撟廟。⑵分句閱讀，認(rèn)真糾錯(cuò)。逐句閱讀，根據(jù)自己掌握的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)及上下文語(yǔ)義的銜接，結(jié)合上面提到的十個(gè)主要考點(diǎn)，認(rèn)真糾錯(cuò)改錯(cuò)。具體思路可參考：騅憑鈳銘僥張礫陣軫藹。動(dòng)詞形，名格數(shù)，特別留意形和副；邏輯連詞常常考，冠詞介詞常光顧；代詞注意性數(shù)格，詞組句式須關(guān)注。⑶檢查核對(duì)，攻克難點(diǎn)。改完后，再?gòu)念^至尾認(rèn)真看一遍，個(gè)別沒(méi)有找出來(lái)的，對(duì)照考點(diǎn)，在這步完成。真題再現(xiàn)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。癘騏鏨農(nóng)剎貯獄顥幗騮。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）畫(huà)掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:⑴每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；⑵只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。1.2015課標(biāo)卷IWhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.鏃鋝過(guò)潤(rùn)啟婭澗駱讕瀘。本文談到隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，環(huán)境受到了污染。1.think→thought指小時(shí)候“想”。2.在countryside前加the表示“在農(nóng)村”習(xí)慣上說(shuō)inthecountryside。榿貳軻謄壟該檻鯔塏賽。3.or→and因“空氣新鮮”與“山綠”是并列關(guān)系。4.on→with表示“隨著”用with。5.去掉shown前的been因“研究”與“表明”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。6.seriously→serious在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞。7.airs→air因air是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。8.Much→Many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)要用many。9.found→find在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(must)后用動(dòng)詞原形。10.your→our/the前后都是第一人次。2.2015課標(biāo)卷IIOneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.邁蔦賺陘賓唄擷鷦訟湊。作者敘述Tony跟父母去購(gòu)物時(shí)走丟，后又找到父母的經(jīng)歷。1.parent→parents由下文的hisparentsweremissing可知用復(fù)數(shù)。嶁硤貪塒廩袞憫倉(cāng)華糲。2.on→in據(jù)常識(shí)，玩具應(yīng)在櫥窗里面，故用in。3.去掉so后的very這是so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，不用very。4.looks→looking介詞after后面接動(dòng)名詞，故用looking。5.where→that或者去掉where賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)與意思完整，用that引導(dǎo)或省略that。該櫟諼碼戇沖巋鳧薩錠。6.begun→began因begin的過(guò)去式是began。7.telling→told與前面的saw是并列謂語(yǔ)，用told。8.a→the特指上文提到的那家商店，用the。9.saw后面加his指Tony的父母，故加his。10.terrible→terribly修飾形容詞(worried)用副詞。3.2013大綱卷Inmyfamily,therearethreepeoples.Myfatherishardworkingbutgoestoworkinthefieldeveryday.Heisn’tgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithotherpeople.Mymotherisverymuchkindandisfriendlytoeverybody.SowhenIhavetheproblem,Iwillturntoherforhelp.MyfriendssayIamclever.Whentheteacherasksusverydifficultyquestions,I’llthinkquicklyandstandtoanswer.Athome,myfatheroftenthinksI’msilly.HesaidifIdecidetodosomething,ittakeshimmuchtimestostopme.ThisishowIneedtoimproveinthefuture.劇妝諢貰攖蘋塒呂侖廟。4.2012課標(biāo)卷IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive.FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix,Idestroyedeachofmytoy.Iwashappywhenthetoysworked,butwhenthingsdidwrong,Igotangryandbrokeit.Forawhile,parentsboughtmenewtoys.Butbeforelong,theybegantoseewhichwashappening.WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain,myfathersaid,“That’sit.Nomoretoystoyou.”Mypunishmentlastedayear.Meanwhile,Ifoundoutthatwithmorepatience,Imustmakemytoystolast.Myattitudechangedfromthenon.臠龍訛驄椏業(yè)變墊羅蘄。5.2012大綱卷IEveryoneofuscanmakeagreateffortstocutofftheuseofenergyinourcountry.Tobeginwith,allofuscanstartreducingtotheuseofoilbydrivingonlywhenwehavearealneed.Thatwon’tbeeasy,Iknow,butwehavetostartanywhere.What’smore,wecangotoworkbybikeonceandtwiceaweek,andwecanalsobuysmallercarsthatburnlittleoil.Otherwayistowatchoureverydayuseofwaterandelectricathome.Forexample,howmanytimeshaveyouwalkedoutofaroomandleavethelightsortelevisionwhennooneelsewasthere鰻順褸悅漚縫囅屜鴨騫。6.2012大綱卷IIDearEditor,I’mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.Waterisimportant.We,aswellasanimal,cannotlivewithoutwaterandneitheragricultureorindustrycangowithoutit.Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon’thaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.Next,notdrinkingwatershouldbeleftrunning.Third,weshouldfindwaystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybathwater,forwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.穡釓虛綹滟鰻絲懷紓濼。Sincerely,LiHua7.2011課標(biāo)卷Mysummertravelstartedterribly.IwasattheShanghaiRailwayStationbuyatickettoHangzhou.Iwasgoingtovisitafriendhere,andafterthat,IwouldgotoXiamenforlongholiday.Iboughtmyticketbutturnedaroundtopickupmybagfromthefloor,andthenIrealizedthatsomeonehadstolenit.Luckily,Ihadallmymoneyonmypocket,buttheonlyclothesIhadwasthoseIhadon.Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages.WhenIfinallyarrivedatmyfriendhelenttomelotsofclothes.IfeelveryhappythatIcouldchangemyclothesatlast.隸誆熒鑒獫綱鴣攣駘賽。記述作者一次旅行開(kāi)始時(shí)被偷走了行李，后來(lái)朋友送了衣服給作者，他感到很開(kāi)心。1.buy→buying因句中已有謂語(yǔ)(was…)，動(dòng)詞buy應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)，因I與buy是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)。浹繢膩叢著駕驃構(gòu)碭湊。2.here→there習(xí)慣上說(shuō)“去那里”“來(lái)這里”即gothere,comehere，而不說(shuō)“去這里”“來(lái)那里”。鈀燭罰櫝箋礱颼畢韞糲。3.在for后加a因可數(shù)名詞holiday是單數(shù)，前面應(yīng)有限定詞；表示“一個(gè)”長(zhǎng)假，填a，與foralongtime類似。愜執(zhí)緝蘿紳頎陽(yáng)灣熗鍵。4.but→and因“買票”與“轉(zhuǎn)身”是先后緊接著發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，順承關(guān)系，無(wú)轉(zhuǎn)折意義，故用and。貞廈給鏌綞牽鎮(zhèn)獵鎦龐。5.on→in錢“在口袋里”，用in。6.was→were句中(that)Ihad是定語(yǔ)從句，主句主語(yǔ)是clothes，復(fù)數(shù)，故was改用were，才主謂一致。嚌鯖級(jí)廚脹鑲銦礦毀蘄。7.luggages→luggage因luggage或baggage(行李)是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示幾件行李，要借用piece，如“三件行李”說(shuō)threepiecesofluggage。薊鑌豎牘熒浹醬籬鈴騫。8.friend→friend’s指到達(dá)“我朋友的家(myfriend’shome)”，其中home可省略。又如：abutcher’s(shop)肉鋪，atailor’s(shop)裁縫店，abarber’s(shop)理發(fā)店，adoctor’s(office)診所，mysister’s(home)我姐姐家，其中shop,office,home等表示處所的詞都可以省略，直接用名詞所有格表示。齡踐硯語(yǔ)蝸鑄轉(zhuǎn)絹攤濼。9.去掉lent后的to由lendsb.sth.(借給某人某物)可知，不用to。但如果將sth.放到前面，則用to，即lendsth.tosb.。紳藪瘡顴訝標(biāo)販繯轅賽。10.feel→felt上文謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而feel卻用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不一致。飪籮獰屬諾釙誣苧徑凜。8.2011大綱卷IOneofmyunforgettablememoryofmyschoolinXinjiangisthatofluncheswebroughtfromourhomes.Iholdmylunch-boxinmyhandwhenIwasgoingtoschool.Thesmellfromitwasverygood.Sincethelunchbellfinallyrang,myfriendsandImetunderatalltreeandhadourlunches.Mybestfriend,Aigulie,wasusedtoshareherNangtome.NangisaspeciallykindofcakeinXinjiang.Ilikethemverymuch.NowAigulieandIstudyatdifferentcollegesorwecanonlyseeeachotherduringthesummervacation.IthinkoverheralotandImissthefoodandthegoodtimewehadtogether.烴斃潛籬賢擔(dān)視蠶賁粵。作者對(duì)中學(xué)時(shí)光與當(dāng)時(shí)從家?guī)サ奈绮偷幕貞浥c思念。1.memory→memories因oneof…后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.lunches前加the因lunches后有定語(yǔ)從句修飾，特指從家里帶到學(xué)校的午餐。3.hold→held講述過(guò)去的事情。4.Since→When表示“當(dāng)午餐的鈴終于響起時(shí)”。5.去掉used前的was因表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”，是usedtodosth.。6.to→with因sharesth.withsb.(同某人分享某物)是固定搭配。7.specially→special因kind在這里是名詞，意為“種類”，修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。鋝豈濤軌躍輪蒔講嫗鍵。8.them→it替代前句中的aspecialkindofcake，是單數(shù)。9.or→and前后不是選擇關(guān)系。10.over→of表示常常“想起”用thinkof。而thinksth.over意為“慎重思考”。擷偽氫鱧轍冪聹諛詼龐。9.2011大綱卷IIDearGeorge,It’sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidingusforthewonderfulmeals.Afterwesaidgoodbyetoyou,wewenttoWashingtonD.C.,wherewestayedforthreedays.Mybrotherwassomuchfondofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostayinganothercoupleofday.However,myfatherhadtoreturntoworkonMondaysoweflybacklastSaturdayafternoon.Itwasrealaniceexperience.Ifyou’dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.蹤飯夢(mèng)摻釣貞綾賁發(fā)蘄。Yours,Mike這是作者去George所在市旅游回來(lái)后，給George的郵件。1.after→since表示“自從……有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”的句型是“It’sbeen＋時(shí)間段＋since…”。婭鑠機(jī)職銦夾簣軒蝕騫。2.them→us指代上文的we，即謝謝你帶“我們”游覽你們的城市。3.for→with由providesb.withsth.(＝providesth.forsb.給某人提供某物)可知。譽(yù)諶摻鉺錠試監(jiān)鄺儕瀉。4.去掉fond前的much因“so+adj.+that…”句型可知，much多余。5.staying→stay由begsb.todosth.(懇求某人做某事)可知。儔聹執(zhí)償閏號(hào)燴鈿膽賾。6.day→days表示再待“幾天”couple，故day用復(fù)數(shù)。7.fly→flew前后謂語(yǔ)都使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致。8.real→really修飾動(dòng)詞was用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。9.在trip前加a固定詞組：makeatripto去旅行。10.better→more表示“非常高興”是morethanhappy。10.2010課標(biāo)卷MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackintheUS,whichwasveryinterested.Onedayhewashavingayardsaleandtheoldmanlivingnextdoorcomebytohelp.Astheoldmanlookedoverthethingsontheyardthatweretobesold,hestoppedataboxofgoldenballforChristmastrees.Ontheboxwasacardsay:“25centseach.”“Youwillneverselltheseforthatmuch,”hetoldNick.Convinced,Nickhasbroughtthepriceupto10centsapiece.Withoutamoment’sdelay,myneighborpickeduptheboxbutannounced“I’lltakethem”.縝電悵淺靚蠐淺錒鵬凜。作者講述其朋友Nick回美國(guó)后進(jìn)行庭院舊貨出售時(shí)發(fā)生的一件事。1.story前加a可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)story前加不定冠詞，表示“一個(gè)”故事。2.interested→interesting表示“有趣的”用-ing形容詞。而interested表示人“感興趣的”。3.come→came上下文都是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，這里也改為過(guò)去時(shí)才一致。4.on→in表示“在庭院里”，說(shuō)intheyard。5.ball→balls一箱金球，不止一個(gè)，用復(fù)數(shù)。6.say→saying已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was，所以say(寫有)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因acard與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用-ing形式，作定語(yǔ)。順便提提，這是倒裝句，主語(yǔ)acard的定語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，為避免頭重腳輕，才將表語(yǔ)onthebox提前，用倒裝了，正常語(yǔ)序是Acardsaying…wasonthebox。驥擯幟褸饜兗椏長(zhǎng)絳粵。7.去掉brought前的has因?yàn)樯舷挛亩际怯靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，這里卻用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，去掉has，時(shí)態(tài)才前后一致。癱噴導(dǎo)閽騁艷搗靨驄鍵。8.up→down由25元“降低”到10元一個(gè)，故將up改為down。9.my→his由上文可知是指我朋友Nick的鄰居，即“他的”鄰居。10.but→and因“拿起來(lái)”與“宣布”是順承關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。11.2010大綱卷IItwasachanceofalifetimetowinthefirstprizeontheStoryWritingShow.AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryorpresentit.Myteachershavebeentellingmehowgreatlymywritingwas.Soiftheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhavea鑣鴿奪圓鯢齙慫餞離龐。chanceofwinningtheprize.Whatwerebetter,Ihadusefulhelp.TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasaverymuchfamouswriter.Heagreedtoreadingmystoryandgivemesomeadvicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter.欖閾團(tuán)皺鵬緦壽驏頦蘊(yùn)。本文作者講述寫故事比賽前的情況。1.on→in表示“在比賽中”。2.or→and因“寫一個(gè)故事”與“將它交上去”是先后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，順承關(guān)系，而不是選擇關(guān)系。3.have→had前后都是用過(guò)去時(shí)(一般過(guò)去時(shí))，而這里卻用現(xiàn)在時(shí)(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))。4.greatly→great在賓語(yǔ)從句中作was的表語(yǔ)，要用形容詞。5.if后加what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，作said的賓語(yǔ)，用連接代詞what，意為“他們所說(shuō)的”。6.were→was主謂一致，因主語(yǔ)what是單數(shù)，故改用was。7.gentleman前加a表示“一位”紳士。8.去掉very后的much修飾形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，用very；修飾動(dòng)詞才可能用verymuch。遜輸吳貝義鰈國(guó)鳩猶騸。9.reading→read同意做某事是agreetodosth.。10.advices→advice因advice是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。12.2010大綱卷IIChristiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.Atthattime,weoftenspendtimetogether.幘覘匱駭儺紅鹵齡鐮瀉。Thanktoherhelp,Imadegreatprogressinmystudy.Lastyear,shedecidedstudyabroad.Inotherwords,wewouldbeseparatedforlongtime.Beforeherleavingoff,Ipreparedagifttoshowmybestwishestohim.Shesaiditwas誦終決懷區(qū)馱倆側(cè)澩賾。thebestgiftshehaseverhad.Fromthenon,we’vekepttouchwitheachotherthroughe-mails.Ilookforwardtoseeheragaininthenearfuture.本文講述中學(xué)時(shí)的一位好朋友去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。1.friend→friends在oneof后必定用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。2.spend→spent上下文謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)都是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3.Thank→Thanks固定詞組：thanksto由于，多虧。4.在study前加to由decidetodosth.(決定做某事)可知。5.在longtime前加a表示分開(kāi)很長(zhǎng)“一段”時(shí)間。6.去掉leaving后的off因表示“離開(kāi)”是leave，而leaveoff則表示“停止(stop)”。醫(yī)滌侶綃噲睞齒辦銩凜。7.him→her由上下文中的she可知朋友是女的，這里突然變成男的了。8.has→had上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是用過(guò)去時(shí)，而這里變成現(xiàn)在時(shí)了(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))。9.在kept后加in固定詞組：keepintouchwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系。10.see→seeing因lookforwardto(盼望)中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。艫當(dāng)為遙頭韙鰭噦暈糞。13.2009課標(biāo)卷DearMrs.Winthorp,Somyfirstweekatcollegeisover！NolecturesthismorningsoIthinkI’demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing.I’mgladtosaythat鴣湊鸛齏嶇燭罵獎(jiǎng)選鋸。anythinghasworkedoutfineinthedorm.Irememberaskingforaroomasfarawayfromtheliftsaspossibleandtheyfindmeacomfortable筧驪鴨櫨懷鏇頤嶸悅廢。oneonsecondfloor.TherearetwogirlsfrommycoursehereandIplantomakefriendwiththemsothatwecanhelp韋鋯鯖榮擬滄閡懸贖蘊(yùn)。eachotheronthecoursework.Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere.Well,Ihadbettertostopnow.I’mgoingtoattendminefirstlessonthisafternoon,forI’vegotsomepreparationstomake.Keepintouch.Best,Carol作者剛到一個(gè)新的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，給MrsWinthorp寫的一封信，告知近況。1.what→how賓語(yǔ)從句中的going是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能跟賓語(yǔ)，不用代詞what，而要用副詞；意思是告訴你“情況如何(how)”。濤貶騸錟晉鎩錈撳憲騸。2.anything→everything因anything常用于否定疑問(wèn)句中，這里不合適；作者是想說(shuō)，很高興告訴你，“一切(everything)”都很好。鈿蘇饌?cè)A檻榪鐵樣說(shuō)瀉。3.find→found由語(yǔ)境可知，是“找到”了。4.second前加the序數(shù)詞前要用定冠詞。5.friend→friends與他們交朋友，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。6.on→with由helpsb.withsth.可知。7.warmly→warm與形容詞nice并列，一起作表語(yǔ)，故都用形容詞。8.去掉to因hadbetterdosth.固定句式。9.mine→my在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞性物主代詞，指“我的(my)”第一堂課。10.for→so前因后果，應(yīng)用so表示“因此”。14.2009大綱卷IAfterfiveyearsawayinmyhometown,IfindthattheneighborhoodwhichIusedtolivinginhaschangedalot.TheSichuanRestaurantandtheolderfishshopacrossthestreetfromour戧礱風(fēng)熗澆鄖適濘嚀贗。middleschoolweregone.Thereexistnowaparkthathasasmallriverrunningthrough.ThefactoryatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandZhongshanRoadhasbeenmovedoutthecity,andsportscenterhasbeenbuiltintheirplace.ThemarketatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandXinhuaRoadhasbeengivenwayto購(gòu)櫛頁(yè)詩(shī)燦戶踐瀾襯鳳。asupermarket.Besidesthebookstorenexttoourmiddleschoolisstillthere.本文作者描述的是家鄉(xiāng)的變化。1.in→from離某處多久或多遠(yuǎn)，用awayfrom。2.living→live表示“過(guò)去常常做某事”是usedtodosth.。3.older→old沒(méi)有比較對(duì)象。4.were→are由上下文中的find,haschanged等可知，用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變了，四川餐館和老魚(yú)店現(xiàn)在不見(jiàn)了。囁奐闃頜璦躑谫瓚獸糞。5.exist→exists因thereexists…是therebe變體，是倒裝句式，主語(yǔ)是apark，第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用exists。虛齬鐮寵確嶁誄禱艫鋸。6.在out后加ofmoveoutof…固定用法。7.在sportscenter前加a指建了“一座”體育中心。8.their→its指原來(lái)那家工廠所在的地方。9.去掉given前的been主語(yǔ)Themarket與givewayto(讓位給)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，去掉been。與頂鍔筍類謾蠑紀(jì)黽廢。10.Besides→But前面句子描述的是變了，后面是說(shuō)書(shū)店依然在那，即前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。15.2009大綱卷IIHiSusan,I’msorrythatIwasn’tabletoreturntoyourbikeontimeyesterday.Imeantogiveitbacktoyoubeforefourintheafternoon,andIwashelduponmywayback.JustbeforeIturnedcornerofParkStreet,Ihappenedtoseeanaccident.Alittlegirlwashurtedandhismotherneededhelp.結(jié)釋鏈蹌絞塒繭綻綹蘊(yùn)。SoIhelpedthemgoingtothenearesthospital.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallright.WhenIgotback,itwere餑詘鉈鯔縹評(píng)繒肅鮮驃。already6pm.Ihopeyouunderstand.Thankyou!LiLing作者向Susan解釋昨天沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)時(shí)還自行車的原因。1.去掉return后的to因return作“歸還(某物)”解，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接賓語(yǔ)，所以去掉to。如果說(shuō)“把某物還給某人”則說(shuō)returnsth.tosb.。爺纜鉅摯騰廁綁藎箋潑。2.mean→meant由下文可知，是對(duì)昨天情況的回顧，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，指昨天“本打算”。3.and→but因“打算四點(diǎn)前還”與“被阻在路上”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。4.在corner前加the特指ParkStreet的轉(zhuǎn)角處。5.hurted→hurt因hurt的過(guò)去分詞、過(guò)去式與原形是相同的，即hurt—hurt—hurt。錁熾邐繒薩蝦竇補(bǔ)飆贗。6.his→her指代不一致，應(yīng)是指前面提到的“那個(gè)女孩的”媽媽。7.going→go由helpsb.dosth.可知。8.here→there指在醫(yī)院“那里”待了一個(gè)半小時(shí)。9.hour→hours因大于一就要用復(fù)數(shù)，“一個(gè)半”小時(shí)大于一小時(shí)了，要用復(fù)數(shù)。10.were→was主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)it。16.2008課標(biāo)卷DearMs.Smith,IamsecretaryoftheCityStudentUnion(CSU).Wewereorganizinganartexhibition曠戧輔鑽襉倆瘋謅琿鳳。forhighschoolstudentsincity.Thiswillbeheldonthe9thofJulyintheExhibitionHallofBeihai.轉(zhuǎn)厙蹺僉詘腳瀕諮閥糞。Morethan1000paintingwillbeonshow,buthighschoolstudentsfromalltheeightdistrictswillcometotheevent.AsyouareverypopularlywithusChinesehighschool嬤鯀賊灃謁麩溝賚淶鋸。students,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.訊鎬謾蟈賀綜樞輒鎖廩。Wewouldbegratefulwhenyoucouldjointhemthatday.Lookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiMing作者邀請(qǐng)MsSmith參加藝術(shù)展覽。1.were→are由上下文可知，是指現(xiàn)在正在組織藝展。2.在city前加the應(yīng)是為特指的某個(gè)城市的中學(xué)生舉辦的藝展。事實(shí)上，英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有incity的說(shuō)法，但通常說(shuō)intown。兒躉讀閌軒鯀擬釔標(biāo)藪。3.This→It指上句提到的藝展。4.painting→paintings因painting(油畫(huà))是可數(shù)名詞，大于一時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)?？壧A詞嗇適籃異銅鑑驃。5.but→and前后沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折意思。6.popularly→popular作表語(yǔ)要用形容詞。7.刪掉invite后的for由invitesb.tosomeplace可知。8.when→if意為“如果”你能來(lái)參加，我們非常感激。9.them→us人稱一致，與上文的we一致。10.hear→hearing因lookforwardto中的to是介詞，其后的動(dòng)詞要用-ing形式。鮒簡(jiǎn)觸癘鈄餒嬋鏘戶潑。15.2008大綱卷IDearAlice,Ihavejustgotsomegoodne