2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

202L2022學(xué)年廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值50分）第一節(jié)閱讀閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)（共15小題；每題2.5分，總分值37.5分）。CROSSITOFFYOURBUCKETLIST!AnytimeistherighttimetovisitGrandCentralTerminal!LocatedattheintersectionofParkAvenueand42ndStreet,theterminaliseasilyaccessibleonfoot,bysubway,bybusandbyMetro-Northtrain.Pleasenotethattheterminaldoesnotofferluggagestorage.Pleaseplanahead.Planyourvisit&thingstodo?Takeatour!Youcanseethemostfamousterminal.?Headupstairsifyou'relookingfordinnerunderthestarsatCiprianiDolciorMichaelJordan'sTheSteakHouseN.Y.C.oracocktailatTheCampbell.?Headdownstairsifyou'relookingforaquickbiteintheDiningConcourse.ShakeShackburgeroramemorablemealatthehistoricOysterBar&Restaurant,anyone??HeadtoGrandCentralMarketifyou'relookingforauniqueshoppingexperience.Enjoyagreatmealatlocalvendors（攤販）likeMurray*sCheese,EliZabar*sFarmtoTableandPescatoreSeafoodCompany.Accessibility:Theterminalisaccessibletovisitorswithdisabilities,butdoesnotprovidewheelchairrentals.Audio（聲音的）toursOrpheo'sstate-of-the-artaudiodevice（設(shè)備）andheadsetcomeswithamapoftheterminalforjust$9peradultand$7discounted（seniors,military,students,kids）.Theaudiotourisalsoavailablesevendaysaweek（closedonlyonThanksgivingDayandChristmasDay）atthetoursofficeintheGraybarPassage.Hoursare9amto6pm,butmaybeextendedduringtheholidays.Theself-guidedtourcanlastasshortas30minutestojustoveranhour.Docent-led（有講解員帶著的）toursThetourlasts75minutes.Thecostis$30foradultsor$20forseniors（65+）,studentsandkids.Hoursare9amto6pm,butmaybeextendedduringtheholidays.Spaceislimited.WherecantouristsgowhenvisitingGrandCentralMarket?A.TheCampbell.B.CiprianiDolci.【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前的Yousee,winnerssimplydowhatlosersdon'twanttodo.你看，勝利者只是做失敗者不想做的事?？芍狢選項(xiàng)中的they指代前文的winners,且和前文是并列關(guān)系，且句意（他們一直這樣做，直到他們得到他們想要的成功）聯(lián)系上下文，應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】不艮據(jù)空前的Manypeoplewhohavefaileddonotknowhowclosetheyaretosuccesswhentheygiveup.許多失敗的人不知道當(dāng)他們放棄的時候離成功有多近?？芍狝選項(xiàng)中的they指代前文的manypeople,且語意（他們實(shí)際上沒有失敗;他們太容易放棄了）承接上文，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處填段落的主旨句，根據(jù)空后的Ifwekeepdoing,wecangainalmostanythingwewant....Talentcan,t,fortherearemanytalentedpeoplewhoarenotsuccessful.可知堅(jiān)持能帶來我們想要的一切，天賦不能決定成功，因?yàn)橛泻芏嘤刑熨x的人并不成功。故F選項(xiàng)（永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記，堅(jiān)持才是最重要的）可概括本段內(nèi)容，且選項(xiàng)中的persistence和下文相呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前的Talentcan't,fbrtherearemanytalentedpeoplewhoarenotsuccessful.可知從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上和D項(xiàng)構(gòu)成排比句，且D選項(xiàng)語意（教育不能，因?yàn)槭澜缟系教幎际鞘苓^教育的失敗者）和本段主旨相關(guān)，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。第二局部語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值65分）第一節(jié)完形填空選項(xiàng)（共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分）。IhavelearntalotaboutChineselifeandcultureandfoundthemveryinteresting.First,familylifeisquite21inChinafromthatintheUSA.IntheUSA,manyyoungpeople22homeaftertheyfinishtheireducationandstartworking.However,inChina,itis23forpeopletolivewiththeirparentsuntiltheygetmarried.Also,manyofmyChinesefriendstoldmethattheir24livedwiththemandhelpedtakecareofthemwhentheywerechildren.ItseemsthatAmericansthinkindependenceismoreimportant25theChinesethinkfamilyrelationshipsaremoreimportant.Bargainingisanother26thatIhavetriedtolearn.IntheUSA,pricesare27andyoucan'taskfbralowerprice.HoweverinsomesmallChinesestoresandtouristplaces,youare28tobargain.MyChinesefriendstaughtmetoaskfor40percentor50percent29theoriginalprice.Ifthesalespersondoesn'tagreetomyprice,Ishould30toleaveandhemightletmecomebackandsellmetheitem.Itisaskillthatyouhaveto31ifyouliveinChina.Tippinghasn'tbeeneasiertoadjustto.IntheUSA,manypeopleintheserviceindustrywanttoget32moneyforservingcustomers.TippingisnotapartofChineseculture.OnceItriedtotipataxidriver.Helookedalittle33andrefusedtotakethemoney.Indinners,perhapswhatsurprisesanAmericanvisitorthemostisthatsomeoftheChinesehostsliketoputfoodintotheplatesoftheir34,Actually,thisisasignoftruefriendshipandpoliteness.MyChinesefriendtoldmeifIdidn'twanttoeatit,Ishouldjust35thefoodintheplate.21.A.uniqueB.differentC.privateD.harmonious22.A.comeB.buildC.leaveD.abandon23.A.regularB.trueC.commonD.usual24.A.parentsB.relativesC.babysittersD.grandparents25.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as26.A.wayB.customC.lessonD.habit27.A.madeB.agreedC.chargedD.set28.A.expectedB.taughtC.suggestedD.required29.A.upB.awayC.offD.on30.A.promiseB.pretendC.decideD.hope31.A.tolerateB.understandC.practiseD.consider32.A.easyB.extraC.pocketD.prize33.A.excitedB.satisfiedC.frightenedD.confused34.A.ownB.childrenC.neighborsD.guests35.A.leaveB.remainC.putD.taste【答案】2LB22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了中國和美國在各種文化方面的差異，從家庭生活，討價還價和給小費(fèi)等方面進(jìn)行比擬?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，中國的家庭生活和美國有很大的不同。A.unique獨(dú)特的；B.different不同的；C.private私人的；D.harmonious和諧的。結(jié)合后文描述美國和中國的家庭生活差異可知，中國的家庭生活和美國的家庭生活十分不同(different)。應(yīng)選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國，許多年輕人在完成學(xué)業(yè)并開始工作后離開家。A.come來到；B.build建造；Cleave離開；D.abandon拋棄。后文however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明美國與中國年輕人一直和父母住到結(jié)婚不同，美國的年輕人在完成學(xué)業(yè)后就會離開（leave）家去工作。應(yīng)選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在中國，人們在結(jié)婚前都和父母住在一起是很常見的。'regular定期的；B.true真實(shí)的；C.common常見的；D.usual通常的。結(jié)合常識，在中國，和父母住在一起直到結(jié)婚，這是很常見的（common）。應(yīng)選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：還有，我的許多中國朋友告訴我，他們的祖父母在他們小時候和他們住在一起,照顧他們。A.parents父母；B.relatives親戚;C.babysitters保姆；D.grandparents祖父母。根據(jù)后文“helpedtakecareofthemwhentheywerechildren”以及常識可知在中國孩子小的時候，祖父母會和他們生活在一起并幫著照顧他們。應(yīng)選D。【25題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：美國人似乎認(rèn)為獨(dú)立更重要，而中國人認(rèn)為家庭關(guān)系更重要。A.while然而，在……期間；B.since自從；C.when當(dāng)……時候；D.as正如。while意為“但是，而”，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩種情況的比照。美國人認(rèn)為獨(dú)立更重要，而中國人認(rèn)為家庭關(guān)系更重要。應(yīng)選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：討價還價是我努力學(xué)習(xí)的另一個習(xí)俗。A.way方法；B.custom習(xí)俗；C.lesson課程；D.habit習(xí)慣。結(jié)合上文“Bargaining”可知討價還價是另外一個中國的習(xí)俗。應(yīng)選B。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國，價格是固定的，你不能要求更低的價格。A.made制作；B.agreed同意;Ccharged填充;D.set確定，設(shè)置。根據(jù)后文“youcan'taskforalowerprice”可知，在美國,價格是確定好了的，不能講價。應(yīng)選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在一些小的中國商店和旅游景點(diǎn)，你有望討價還價。A.expected期待；B.taught教授；C.suggested建議;D.required需要。結(jié)合后文“tobargain”可知在一些中國的小商店或旅游的地方，你有望討價還價。短語beexpectedto“有望做某事”。應(yīng)選A?！?9題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我的中國朋友教給我要去掉原價的40%或是50%。A.up向上；B.away離開；C.off脫離；D.on在上面。結(jié)合后文"theoriginalprice可知此處應(yīng)用介詞off表示“減價，削價”。應(yīng)選Co【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果銷售人員不同意我的價格，我應(yīng)該假裝離開，這樣他可能會讓我回來把東西賣給我。A.promise承諾;B.pretend假裝;C.decide決定;D.hope希望。結(jié)合后文“hemightletmecomebackandsellmetheitem?,可知是假裝離開,為了讓售貨員同意自己的出價，pretendtodo”假裝做某事”。應(yīng)選Bo【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你住在中國，這是你必須練習(xí)的技能。A.tolerate忍受；B.understand理解;C.practise練習(xí)；D.consider考慮。結(jié)合上文“Itisaskill”可知skill“技能”應(yīng)與practise搭配。應(yīng)選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國，許多從事服務(wù)業(yè)的人都想通過服務(wù)客戶來賺外快。A.easy容易的；B.extra額外的；Cpocket小型的；D.prize獎品。結(jié)合常識，在美國許多在服務(wù)性行業(yè)的人都通過服務(wù)顧客來獲得額外的(extra)錢，即小費(fèi)。應(yīng)選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他看起來有一點(diǎn)兒困惑，拒絕接受這個錢。A.excited激動的；B.satisfed滿意的；C.frightened害怕的；D.confused困惑的。結(jié)合上文"TippingisnotapartofChineseculture.v可知小費(fèi)不是中國的習(xí)俗，所以司機(jī)看起來有點(diǎn)困惑。應(yīng)選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在晚宴上，也許最讓美國客人驚訝的是，一些中國主人喜歡把食物放進(jìn)客人的盤子里。A.own擁有；B.children孩子；C.neighbors鄰居；D.guests客人。結(jié)合上文“Chinesehosts”可知此處指主人喜歡給客人的盤子里添食物。應(yīng)選D。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的中國朋友告訴我，如果我不想吃，就把食物留在盤子里。A.leave留下，離開；B.remain保持；C.put放置；D.taste品嘗。結(jié)合上文“ifIdidn'twanttoeatit”可知不想吃食物，就把食物留在盤子里。應(yīng)選A。第二節(jié)語法單項(xiàng)選擇(共10小題；每題2分，總分值20分)CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,wheresheEnglishforayear.A.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：凱茜正在陽光學(xué)校記語法規(guī)那么，她已經(jīng)在那里學(xué)習(xí)英語一年了?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能還要繼續(xù)下去。根據(jù)所提供的情景“CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool”和時間狀語foryears可判斷出要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,表示動作一直在延續(xù)著。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。Therestofthelectureinteresting.A.isB.areC.maybeD.sound【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：講座的其余局部很有趣。根據(jù)主謂一致原那么，主語是“Therestofthelecture”指一場演講的剩下局部，是單數(shù)概念，因此動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)，選項(xiàng)is符合。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。Thereasonforhefailedintheexamwasthathewastoocareless.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.it【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他考試不及格的原因是他太粗心了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中含有限制性定語從句，先行詞是reason,從句中不缺少主語或賓語，那么可以用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于介詞for后接關(guān)系代詞whicho應(yīng)選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】ItwasinBeihaiParktheymadeadateforthefirsttimetheoldcoupletoldustheirlovestory.A.where;thatB.that;thatC.where;whenD.that;when【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：就是在他們第一次約會的北海公園，這對老夫妻告訴我們他們的愛情故事。分析可知，第一空引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞park,關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where；去掉itwas和第二空句子依然完整，故此處考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句：itbe+強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that（強(qiáng)調(diào)人可用who）,本句強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用that。應(yīng)選A。inafamousuniversityiswhatmoststudentswishfor.A.ToeducateB.EducatedC.BeingeducatedD.Educating【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在一個有名的大學(xué)里受教是大多數(shù)學(xué)生都希望的。空處為句子主語，應(yīng)用不定式或動名詞，又大多數(shù)學(xué)生與教育的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動形式，綜上，用動名詞或不定式的被動式。應(yīng)選C。Atthefootofthemountain.A.avillagelieB.liesavillageC.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillage【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查完全倒裝。句意：山腳下有一座村莊。介詞短語作地點(diǎn)狀語位于句首時，句子應(yīng)該用完全倒裝。應(yīng)選B。ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrisingsteadilysince2000.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查謂語時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：來華求學(xué)的外國留學(xué)生的數(shù)量自從2000開始一直在穩(wěn)定增長。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處在句中作謂語。根據(jù)時間狀語since可知，此處可用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語Thenumberofforeignstudents與謂語動詞rise之間為主動關(guān)系，且主語為單數(shù)概念，hasbeendoing為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)動作從過去到現(xiàn)在一直持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。應(yīng)選D。It'sapitythatthegreatwriterdiewithhisworks.A.tofinishB.unfinishingC.finishedD.unfinished【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這位偉大的作家尚未創(chuàng)作完成這部作品就盍然而逝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為“with+sth+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞（賓補(bǔ)）”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，hisworks與所給動詞之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式；又根據(jù)句意可知，他的作品并未完成，故填D項(xiàng)。Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethatsomethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：杰克是個很健談的人。是時候做點(diǎn)什么了，而不只是說說而已。在句型“It'Shightimethat中，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時態(tài)或shoulddo,且should不能省。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。-Thelastonepaysthemeal.-Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving【答案】c【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：最后一個到的人請客。同意！當(dāng)名詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時，用todo作后置定語。應(yīng)選C。第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分)閱讀下面材料，在答題卡上填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesetennislegendLiNawillbeinductedintotheInternationalTennisHallofFame.46(amazing),LiisthefirstAsianplayer47(receive)thesport'sultimatehonor.ShewasjoinedbyMaryPierceandYevgenyKafelnikovforthehallsClassof2019,which48(announce)attheAustralianOpenlastmonth.Liretiredin2014becauseofrecurringkneeinjuries,eightmonthsafterwinningthatyear'sAustralianOpenand49(rise)toacareer-highsecondintheWTAranking.HerfirstGrandSlamtrophycameatthe2011FrenchOpen,50shedefeatedfourtop-1051(opponent)alongtheway.To52(she)credit,thoseon-courtachievements,alongwithL'sengaging53(personal),helpedspurinterestintennisathomeinChina.“IhavelovedseeingthesportgrowinChina,“Lisaidin54statement,"andI'mproudtobepartofthathistory.^^Theformalinductionceremonywillbeheld55July20thinRhodeIsland.【答案】46.Amazinglytoreceivewasannouncedrising50.whereopponentsher53.personality54.a55.on【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹了中國網(wǎng)球選手李娜的職業(yè)生涯及取得的成就?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：令人驚訝的是，李娜是第一位獲得這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動最高榮譽(yù)的亞洲運(yùn)發(fā)動。修飾整個句子用副詞，故填A(yù)mazingly?！?7題詳解】考查不定式。句意參考上題解析，當(dāng)被修飾詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時，用不定式作定語，故填toreceive?！?8題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：上個月，澳大利亞網(wǎng)球公開賽宣布，皮爾斯和菲爾尼克夫?qū)退黄鸾侵?019年網(wǎng)球名人堂。which指代前面的內(nèi)容，與announce之間是被動關(guān)系，而且發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)該用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故填wasannouncedo【49題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：李娜于2014年退役，原因是膝傷復(fù)發(fā)，8個月前，她贏得了當(dāng)年的澳網(wǎng)冠軍并在WTA排名中升至職業(yè)生涯第二。此處與winning并列用動名詞作介詞after的賓語，故填risingo【50題詳解】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：她的第一個大滿貫獎杯是在2011年法國網(wǎng)球公開賽上獲得的，在那里她擊敗了四名排名前十的對手。先行詞為2011FrenchOpen,指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在非限定性定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填whereo[51題詳解】考查名詞。句意參考上題解析，four修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填opponents?！?2題詳解】考查代詞。句意：值得贊揚(yáng)的是，這些球場上的成就，加上她迷人的個性，激發(fā)了中國國內(nèi)對網(wǎng)球的興趣。修飾名詞credit用形容詞性物主代詞，故填hero【53題詳解】考查名詞。句意參考上題解析，作alongwith的賓語用名詞，故填personality。【54題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：李娜在一份聲明中說“我很高興看到這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動在中國得到開展”。此處泛指“一份聲明”，故填a。【55題詳解】考查介詞。句意：正式的入職典禮將于7月20日在羅德島州舉行。表示“在具體某一天”用介詞on。第三局部寫作（共三節(jié)，總分值35分）第一節(jié)單詞拼寫請根據(jù)括號里的漢語提示寫出正確的英語單詞（共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分，形式錯誤。分）Everyoneknowsthatsuccess（很少；難得）happensovernight.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】rarely##hardly##seldom【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：每個人都知道成功不是一蹴而就的。根據(jù)漢語提示“很少，難得”，可以直接用程度副詞rarely,hardly或者seldom,在句子中作狀語，表示否認(rèn)含義。故填rarely/hardly/seldom?！癢efeelthatwedon'tknowthecentralcharacterwellenough^^wasthe（撲匕評，指責(zé)）hereceivedonhismanuscriptforTheCatcherintheRye.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】criticism【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：《麥田里的守望者》的原稿受到的批評是:我們覺得我們對主人公還不夠了解。分析句子和空格前the可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞作表語，再結(jié)合句意“批評”是criticism。故填criticism?！军c(diǎn)睛】Hestudied（人生哲學(xué)）andpsychologyatYale.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】philosophy【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他在耶魯大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)和心理學(xué)。根據(jù)漢語提示“人生哲學(xué)”，以及空格前的動詞可知，該處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作賓語。故填philosophy。Hofman'sinspirationfbrFloatingFishcamefromChinese（民間故事）passeddownthroughthegenerations.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）【答案】folktales【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查名詞短語。句意：霍夫曼對浮魚的靈感來源于世代相傳的中國民間故事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處需填入名詞或名詞短語作介詞from的賓語，根據(jù)漢語提示“民間故事”可知，folktale符合句意，句中沒有表示單數(shù)形式的冠詞，因而此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填folktales?！军c(diǎn)睛】Thecaptainoftheship,theBeagle,wantedsomeonewhowould"profitbytheopportunityofvisiting（遙遠(yuǎn)的）countriesyetlittleknown”.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】distant【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：小獵犬號的船長，希望有人愿意利用這次遠(yuǎn)航，去探訪遙遠(yuǎn)的未知國度。根據(jù)漢語提示“遙遠(yuǎn)的”，以及空格后的名詞可知，此處應(yīng)填寫形容詞作定語，故填distant。AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwith（樣品）oftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】samples【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：達(dá)爾文在南美呆了一段時間后，他船上的房間里擠滿了他提供的動植物樣本。根據(jù)漢語提示“樣品”，可以采用sample,因其是可數(shù)名詞，以及句意表示很多樣本，所以應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。故填samplesoDarwin（'懷疑）thatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】suspected##doubted【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：達(dá)爾文猜想雀類是從一個共同的祖先進(jìn)化而來的，這個祖先很久以前就來到了這個島嶼。根據(jù)漢語提示“懷疑”，可以采用suspect或者doubt,根據(jù)句意可知，達(dá)爾文的猜想是過去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)該用過去時。故填suspected或者doubted。Thefirstlandmarktocatchmyeyeisthe（X±麗的）QingshuiheBridge,theworld'slongestbridgebuiltoverpermafrost.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】splendid【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：第一個吸引我眼球的地標(biāo)是壯觀的清水河大橋，世界上最長的建在凍土之上的大橋。根據(jù)漢語提示“壯麗的“，以及空格后的名詞，空格處應(yīng)填形容詞來修飾QingshuiheBridge,splendid符合句意和語法。故填splendid。Waterbirdsplayinginthelake,andcattleandsheep（徘彳回）thegrasslandsbringthescenerytolife.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）【答案】wandering【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：湖中嬉戲的水鳥和草地上漫步的牛羊讓風(fēng)景生動起來。根據(jù)漢語提示“徘徊”以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處非謂語動詞wander和所修飾的名詞cattleandsheep之間是主動關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞wandering作后置定語。故填wanderingoTheexhibitionisstructuredaroundthethemesofworkand（休閑）.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）C.EliZabar'sFarmtoTable.D.ThehistoricOysterBar&RestaurantWhatcanbeofferedbytheterminal?A.Luggagestorage.B.Freeaudiodevices.C.Wheelchairrentals.D.TraveldiscountforstudentsWhatdoaudiotoursanddocent-ledtourshaveincommon?Eachoftheirtoursisself-guided.Eachoftheirtourslastslessthananhour.Theyarenormallyavailablefor9hourseachday.Theycanbebookedinadvanceduringtheholidays.【答案】l.C2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國紐約中央火車站附近的游覽信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Planyourvisit&thingstodo局部中的HeadtoGrandCentralMarketifyou'relookingforauniqueshoppingexperience.Enjoyagreatmealatlocalvendors（攤販）likeMurray?sCheese,EliZabar'sFarmtoTableandPescatoreSeafoodCompany.可知參觀中央市場時可以去EliZabar,sFarm,所以選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Audio（聲音的）tours局部中的Orpheo'sstate-of-the-artaudiodevice（設(shè)備）andheadsetcomeswithamapoftheterminalforjust$9peradultand$7discounted（seniors,military,students,kids）.以及Docent-led（有講解員帶著的）tours局部中的Thecostis$30foradultsor$20forseniors（65+）,studentsandkids.可知，這兩種旅游方式都會給老年人、學(xué)生、孩子折扣優(yōu)惠。同時根據(jù)文中的theterminaldoesnotofferluggagestorage以及Theterminal...butdoesnotprovidewheelchairrentals.可知，選I）項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Audio（聲音的）tours和Docent-led（有講解員帶著的）tours局部中的Hoursare9amto6pm,butmaybeextendedduringtheholidays.可知，這兩種旅游方式一般都是從早上9點(diǎn)開始到下午6點(diǎn)結(jié)束，故選C項(xiàng)。Brdbeenthinkingoftakingacourseonscuba-diving（水肺潛水）formonths,butwasn'tsurebecauseIwasafraidofsnakes!Seasnakes.Justthinkingaboutitmademesick.Butthen,Iwantedtoknowwhypeopleloveditsomuch.Theyallsaidthatundertheseawaslikeatotallydifferentworld,yetabeautifulone.Andbecauseofthat,Idecidedtotaketheriskandtrytofacemyfear.【答案】leisure【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這次展覽以工作和休閑為主題。根據(jù)漢語提示“休閑”以及空格前并列連詞and可知，空格處應(yīng)該填名詞和work表示并列，可以用不可數(shù)名詞leisure“休閑”。故填leisure。第二節(jié)基礎(chǔ)寫作（總分值25分）66.假定你是李華，你有一位網(wǎng)友David是在中國學(xué)習(xí)的交換生。最近他身體不好，經(jīng)常感冒，影響了學(xué)習(xí)。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：.飲食，運(yùn)動的重要性；2.給出建議；3.你的祝愿注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；【答案】DearDavid,Fmverysorrytolearnthatyouhavenotbeenfeelingquiteyourselfthesedays,whichaffectsyourstudyalot.PersonallyIthinkyouneedtopayattentiontothefollowingaspects.Firstofall,keepabalanceddiet,whichisthekeytokeepingfit.Besides,takeregularexercise,whichcanbuildupyourbodyandpreventdiseasesattackingyouatthesametime.Onlyinthiswaycanyouguaranteeahealthybodyandefficientstudy.Wishyouallthebest.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，要求考生給最近身體狀況欠佳的外國網(wǎng)友David寫一封電子郵件，就如何保持身體健康，提出一些建議，并祝福他早日康復(fù)?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累感到不適：feelsick一fbeluncomfortable在我看來：asfarasI'mconcerned—>personally逐漸增強(qiáng)：strengthen一buildup確保：makesureoi—>guarantee.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Onlyinthiswaycanyouguaranteeahealthybodyandefficientstudy.拓展句：Onlyinthiswaycanyouguaranteeahealthybody,whichcaninturnassureyouofefficientstudy.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Onlyinthiswaycanyouguaranteeahealthybodyandefficientstudy.（運(yùn)用了only+狀語局部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)）[高分句型2]Besides,takeregularexercise,whichcanbuildupyourbodyandpreventdiseasesattackingyouatthesametime.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句）So,aftertakingaprivatecoursefrommydivinginstructor,MbakVita,IwenttoSepaIslandwithher,totakethefinalexam.Firstdive,12metersindepth."WhatamIdoing?”Iaskedmyself."Whatifsomethingbadhappened?^^Itriedhardnottopanicandtoldmyselftokeepagoodthought,"It'sgonnabeawonderfulexperience.Justdoit!”ThenIwentdown.MyheartbeatfastandmyearshurtasIwentdeeper.IfollowedVita'sinstructionscloselyuntilIfeltcomfortabletoexplorethesea.Suddenlyallaroundmewasgreen.ItfeltlikeIwaslivinginagreenworld!Isawsomecorals（珊瑚），bigones,andlotsofbeautifulfishhidinginthesand.Iwasenjoyingthebeautyallaroundmewhenmyinstructorwavedatmewithherhandholdingapinkflipper（橡膠蹊）."Thatflipperlooksfamiliar/71thought.Yes!Thatwasmyflipper!Ididn'trealizethatmyrightflipperhadmanagedtogetawayfrommyrightfoot!thatwasthefirstdive.Intotal,wedove5timesin2days.Wemanagedtodiveupto18metersindepth.ThenextdivesweresmoothandforsureIdidn'tlosemyflipper!IwassohappytoseedifferenttypesoffishswimminginfrontofmeasifIwasinvisible（不可見的）.Itwasindeedsobeautifulandpeacefuldownthere.NowIcanseewhypeoplelovedivingunderthesea.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutlearningscuba-divingatfirst?A.Uncertain.B.ExcitedCComfortable.D.Disappointed.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panic“inParagraph4mean?A.Feeltiredandsleepy.B.Keepcoolandrelaxed.C.Keepquietandpatient.D.Feelnervousandworried.Whathappenedduringtheauthor'sfirstdive?Shesawaseasnake.Aflipperfelloffherfoot.Theseawaterturnedgreen.Shelostherinstructorinthesea.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?ApleasanttriptothebeachMyfirstexperiencewithscuba-divingWhyapersonstartsscuba-divingDHowscuba-divingaffectsmylife【答案】4A5.D6.B7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者第一次下海潛水的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“I'dbeenthinkingoftakingacourseonscuba-diving（水肺潛水）formonths,butwasn'tsurebecauseIwasafraidofsnakes!”幾個月來，我一直想上水肺潛水課，但是我不確定，因?yàn)槲遗律撸】芍?，作者對于是否參加潛水課程猶豫不定。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句猜想題。由畫線詞前面作者問自己的問題“Whatamidoing?（我在干什么？）”和“Whatifsomethingbadhappened?（如果發(fā)生了不好的事情怎么辦？）”以及下文中的“keepagoodthought（保持良好的心態(tài)）”和“Justdoit（就這么干吧）”可知，作者內(nèi)心緊張擔(dān)憂，但要努力克服這種感覺，給自己加油打氣。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第六段中的“Iwasenjoyingthebeautyallaroundmewhenmyinstructorwavedatmewithherhandholdingapinkflipper（橡膠蹊）.“Thatflipperlooksfamiliar/9Ithought.Yes!Thatwasmyflipper!Ididn'trealizethatmyrightflipperhadmanagedtogetawayfrommyrightfoot!So,thatwasthefirstdive.”我正在享受我身邊的美景時，我的老師向我揮她手中的一個粉紅色的橡膠蹊。“那只腳蹊看起來很眼熟。"我想。是的！那是我的腳蹊！我不知道我的右腳蹊已經(jīng)從我的右腳掙脫開了！這是第一次潛水。可知，作者第一次在海底潛水時，右腳穿的橡膠蹊脫落了。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。作者在文章開頭兩段介紹了學(xué)習(xí)潛水的原因：想知道為什么許多人喜愛潛水，為海底世界所癡迷。接下來主要講述了作者參加完潛水課程，進(jìn)行第一次實(shí)地潛水的經(jīng)歷?？芍涛牡淖钫_標(biāo)題為“我的第一次水肺潛水經(jīng)歷”。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睹】細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對某句話或某幾句話的理解，同學(xué)們假設(shè)能根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比擬和分析，便可確定最正確答案。多數(shù)情況下，作者不會明確的呈現(xiàn)一個事實(shí)，讀者需要根據(jù)已有的信息進(jìn)行處理，讀出言外之意。還要特別注意文章的時間順序、故事發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、情節(jié)的開展和人物之間的關(guān)系。例如，第3題，由第六段中的“Iwasenjoyingthebeautyallaroundmewhenmyinstructorwavedatmewithherhandholdingapinkflipper（橡膠蹊）."ThatflipperlooksfhmiliarjIthought.Yes!Thatwasmyflipper!Ididn'trealizethatmyrightflipperhadmanagedtogetawayfrommyrightfoot!So,thatwasthefirstdive."我正在享受我身邊的美景時，我的老師向我揮她手中的一個粉紅色的橡膠蹊?！澳侵荒_蹊看起來很眼熟?！蔽蚁?。是的！那是我的腳蹊！我不知道我的右腳蹊已經(jīng)從我的右腳掙脫開了！這是第一次潛水。可知，作者第一次在海底潛水時，右腳穿的橡膠蹊脫落了。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。cEatingoutissuchapleasure—thefood,thewine,thejoyofhavingitallbroughttoyoubysomeoneelse—thatit'sapitytoruintheexperiencebysharingitwithotherpeople.Well,Idolikevisitingrestaurantswithfriends.Butdiningoutalonehasitsownveryspecialattractions.Forastartyoucangiveallyourattentiontothefood.There'snothingworsethanhavingtoinventanddeliveranopiniononschoolleaguetablesorSanchez'smovetoManchesterUnited,pluslistentoeveryoneelse'sopinions,whenallyoureallywanttodoisenjoyeachmouthfulalongtheway.Asecondgreatthingabouteatingoutaloneisthechancetocombinefoodwithoneoflife'sothertruepleasures:reading.Youhavetoplanthiscarefully:IndianorChineserestaurantsarebest—youneedfoodyoucaneatwithjustonehand,leavingtheotherfreetoholdyourreadingmaterial.Butperhapsthebiggestattractionofatableforoneisthechanceitgivestopeople-watching.Restaurantsandthedifferentreasonsforvisitingthem—firstdate,businessmeeting,nightoutwithfriends—producehumanbehaviourofsuiprisingrichnessandvariety.Willthemansellinghisbusinessideagetanyjoyoutofhispossibleinvestor（投資者）？Willthemarriedcouplethinkofanythingtosaytoeachotherbeforetheirmaincoursesarrive?This"humanzoo“partofeatingoutaloneisoneofthereasonsFdhatetobefamous:everyonewouldbewatchingyou,soyouwouldn'tbeabletowatchthem.ThesnookerplayerSteveDavissaysthiswasoneofthestrangestconsequences（后果）ofbecomingwell-known:hegotveryworriedabouthiseatinginpublic,almosttothelevelofdoubtingwhetherhewas"doingitright.”Sonexttimeyou'reconsideringyoureatingoutchoices,remembertheadviceofthebusinessmanNubarGulbenkian:"Thebestnumberforadinnerpartyistwo—myselfandasuperheadwaiter.^^Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?Thereasonsforeatingoutalone.Thetroublewitheatinginpublic.Thesuggestionsaboutdiningout.Thefearofmakingdiningchoices.Whatisthebestpartofdiningoutalone?Onecanfixone'seyesonthefood.Onecanenjoyreadingwhileeating.Oneislikelytocomeacrossfamouspeople.Oneisgiventhechancetowatchotherdiners.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph5?ASteveDaviscaredtoomuchabouttablemanners.Famouspeoplearealwaysthecenterofattention.Beingfamousmayruinthejoyofeatingoutalone.Beingwatchedseemsfarbetterthanwatchingothers.Whatissuggestedattheendofthetext?A.Diningwithfriends.B.Chattingoverdinner.C.Havingatableforone.D.Sharingatablewithawaiter.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了單獨(dú)外出就餐的諸多原因和好處，作者建議單獨(dú)外出就餐。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。第二段第二句Butdiningoutalonehasitsownveryspecialattractions.是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了單獨(dú)外出就餐的諸多原因，應(yīng)選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Butperhapsthebiggestattractionofatableforoneisthechanceitgivestopeople-watching.可知，一個人吃飯最棒的局部是有機(jī)會觀察其他食客，應(yīng)選D。30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段ThesnookerplayerSteveDavissaysthiswasoneofthestrangestconsequences（后果）ofbecomingwell-known:hegotveryworriedabouthiseatinginpublic,almosttothelevelofdoubtingwhetherhewas“doingitright.”（斯諾克選手SteveDavis表示，這是成名后最奇怪的后果之一：他非常擔(dān)憂自己在公共場合吃東西，幾乎到了懷疑自己“做得對不對”的程度。）可知，作者在第五段想告訴我們：知名可能會破壞獨(dú)自外出吃飯的樂趣，應(yīng)選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段Sonexttimeyou9reconsideringyoureatingoutchoices,remembertheadviceofthebusinessmanNubarGulbenkian:“Thebestnumberforadinnerpartyistwo—myselfandasuperheadwaiter."（所以，下次你在考慮外出就餐時，請記住商人NubarGulbenkian的建議：“晚宴上最好的數(shù)字是兩個一一我和一個服務(wù)員?！保┛赏浦恼陆Y(jié)尾的建議是“要一張一個人的餐桌”，應(yīng)選C。DHowdoesanecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食動物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（獵物）,thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction（滅絕）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies-includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（臨界點(diǎn)），itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator.A.hasawidefoodchoiceB.caneasilyfindnewpreyC.stickstoonepreyspeciesD.canquicklymovetoanotherplaceWhatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedch