電路原理專業(yè)詞匯表

電路原理專業(yè)詞匯表Gollosariesof“TheoremofElectricalCircuit”Chapter1ElementsandLawsofEletricalCircuits電路electricalcircuit電流current電荷electriccharge電壓voltage電位potential電位差potentialdifference電動(dòng)勢electromotiveforce(e.m.f)electromotance功率power能量energy電阻resistor/resistance電導(dǎo)conductor/conductance電感inductor/inductance電容capacitor/capacitance歐姆定律Ohm'sLaw廣義歐姆定律generalizedOhm'sLaw參考方向referencedirection電壓極性voltagepolarity正極positivepolarity負(fù)極negativepolarity理想獨(dú)立電壓源idealindependentvoltagesource理想獨(dú)立電流源idealindependentcurrentsource理想受控源idealdependent/controlledsource壓控電壓源voltagecontrolledvoltagesource(VCVS)壓控電流源voltagecontrolledcurrentsource(VCCS)流控電壓源currentcontrolledvoltagesource(CCVS)流控電流源currentcontrolledcurrentsource(CCCS)節(jié)點(diǎn)node支路branch回路loop基爾霍夫電流定律Kirchhoff'sCurrentLaw(KCL)基爾霍夫電壓定律Kirchhoff'sVoltageLaw(KVL)閉合面closedboundary集總參數(shù)lumpedparameter集總參數(shù)電路lumpedcircuit集總參數(shù)元件lumpedelement分布參數(shù)distributedparameter分布參數(shù)電路distributedcircuit直流directcurrent(DC)交流alternatingcurrent(AC)有源器件activeelement無源器件passiveelement無損電路losslesscircuitChapter2Analysismethodstosimpleresistorcircuits串聯(lián)seriesconnection分壓voltagedivision并聯(lián)parallelconnection分流currentdivision等效電阻equivalentresistanceY-A變換Wye-Deltatransformation入端電阻inputresistanceChapter3MethodsofAnalysis支路電流法methodofbranchcurrent節(jié)點(diǎn)法NodalAnalysis回路電流法loopcurrentmethod網(wǎng)孔電流法meshcurrentmethod外網(wǎng)孔o(hù)utermesh自導(dǎo)納self-admittance互導(dǎo)納mutual-admittance矩陣matrix行row列column參考節(jié)點(diǎn)referencenode平面電路planarcircuit方程equation消去法eliminationtechnique克萊姆法則Cramer'srule代入法substitutionmethod運(yùn)算放大器operationalamplifier(opamp)同向輸入端noninvertinginput反向輸入端invertinginput輸出端output等效電路模型equivalentcircuitmodel開環(huán)放大倍數(shù)open-loopgain閉環(huán)放大倍數(shù)closed-loopgain入端電阻inputresistance輸出電阻outputresistance線性工作區(qū)linearregion正向飽和區(qū)positivesaturation反向飽和區(qū)negativesaturation同向放大noninvertingamplifier反向放大invertingamplifier加法器summingamplifier積分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振蕩self-sustainedoscillationChapter4CircuitTheorems疊加原理superpositionprinciple輸入/激勵(lì)input/excitation輸出/響應(yīng)output/response線性電路linearcircuit代數(shù)和algebraicsum替代定理substitutionprinciple戴維南定理Thevenin'sTheorem諾頓定理Norton'sTheorem二端網(wǎng)絡(luò)two-terminalcircuit開路電壓open-circuitvoltage短路電流short-circuitcurrent特勒根定理TellegenTheorem功率平衡定理Power-balancingTheorem互易定理reciprocaltheorem對偶原理principleofduality對偶元件dualelement對偶圖dualgraphChapter5NonlinearCircuit非線性電路nonlinearcircuit非線性元件nonlinearelement壓控電阻voltage-controlledresistor流控電阻current-controlledresistor靜態(tài)電阻staticresistance動(dòng)態(tài)電阻dynamicresistance小信號分析small-signalanalysis小信號模型small-signalmodal分段線性化法piece-wiselinearmthod數(shù)值解法numericalanalysisChapter6First-orderCircuit一階電路first-ordercircuit一階微分方程first-orderdifferentialequation過渡過程transientprocess線性時(shí)不變電路lineartime-invariedcircuit單位階躍函數(shù)unitstepfunction單位脈沖函數(shù)unitpulsefunction單位斜坡函數(shù)unitrampfunction起始條件initialcondition起始值initialvalue零輸入響應(yīng)zero-inputresponse零狀態(tài)響應(yīng)zero-stateresponse穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)steady-stateresponse暫態(tài)響應(yīng)transientresponse時(shí)間常數(shù)timeconstant指數(shù)函數(shù)exponentialfunction階躍響應(yīng)stepresponse沖激響應(yīng)impulseresponse自由響應(yīng)naturalresponse強(qiáng)迫響應(yīng)forcedresponse全響應(yīng)completeresponse穩(wěn)態(tài)值finalvalue卷積積分convolutionintegration時(shí)域延遲timedelay換路switching跳變現(xiàn)象jumpphenomenon脈沖持續(xù)時(shí)間pulseduration脈沖重復(fù)周期repeatingperiodofpulseChapter7Second-orderCircuit二階電路second-ordercircuit齊次微分方程homogeneousdifferentialequation常系數(shù)微分方程constantcoefficientsequation特征方程characteristicequation特征根characteristicroot特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特解particularsolution通解generalsolution自然頻率naturalfrequency衰減系數(shù)dampingfactor諧振角頻率resonantfrequency/undampednaturalfrequency過阻尼情況overdampedcase欠阻尼情況underdampedcase臨界情況criticallydampedcase固有振蕩角頻率dampingfrequency/dampednaturalfrequency衰減振蕩dampedoscillation無損lossless正弦響應(yīng)sinusoidalresponse波形waveform實(shí)數(shù)real復(fù)數(shù)complex衰減attenuationChapter8SinusoidalSteady-StateAnalysis幅值amplitude/magnitude相位phase相位差phasedifference角頻率angularfrequency周期period頻率cyclicfrequency正弦sinusoidal余弦cosine初相角initialphaseangle瞬時(shí)值instantaneousvalue最大值maximum有效值effectivevalueroot-mean-squarevalueu領(lǐng)先iQuleadsibyQu落后iQulagsibyQ同相inphase反相oppositeinphase實(shí)部realpart虛部imaginarypart直角坐標(biāo)形式rectangularform極坐標(biāo)形式polarform指數(shù)形式exponentialform相量phasor參考相量referencephasor電壓三角形voltagetriangle瞬時(shí)功率instantaneouspower平均功率averagepower阻抗impedance導(dǎo)納admittance電抗reactance電納suspectance感性inductive容性capacitive正弦穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)sinusoidalsteady-stateresponse時(shí)域time-domain相量域phasor-domain視在功率apparentpower功率因數(shù)powerfactor(pf)復(fù)功率complexpower功率三角形powertriangle復(fù)共軛complexconjugate有功功率activepower無功功率reactivepower最大功率傳輸定理MaximumPowerTransferTheorem功率守恒定理Theoremofconservationofpower阻抗匹配impedencematching共軛匹配conjugatematchingChapter9MagneticallyCoupledCircuits耦合couple互感mutualinductance自感self-inductance磁通magneticflux互感電壓mutual/inducedvoltage線圈coil鐵心線圈coilwithironcore匝數(shù)turn耦合系數(shù)couplingcoefficient變壓器transformer空心變壓器air-coretransformer原邊primarycoils/windings副邊secondarycoils/windings引入阻抗reflectedimpendence理想變壓器idealtransformer全耦合變壓器unity-coupledtransformer變比turnsratio/transformationratio自耦合變壓器auto-transformer多繞組變壓器multiple-windingtransformer右螺旋定則right-handedscrewrule同名端dottedterminalterminalsofsamemagneticpolarity漏感l(wèi)eakageinductanceChapter10Resonance串聯(lián)諧振seriesresonance并聯(lián)諧振parallelresonance諧振頻率resonantfrequency特性阻抗characteristicimpedence品質(zhì)因數(shù)qualityfactor頻率響應(yīng)frequencyresponse選擇性selectivity選頻特性frequency-selectioncharacteristicChapter11FrequencyResponse復(fù)頻率complexfrequency網(wǎng)絡(luò)函數(shù)networkfunction轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)transferfunction多項(xiàng)式polynomial極點(diǎn)pole零點(diǎn)zero波特圖Bodeplot分貝decibel增益gain對數(shù)logarithm半對數(shù)semilog轉(zhuǎn)折頻率corner/breakfrequency截止頻率cut-offfrequency帶寬bandwidth無源濾波器passivefilter有源濾波器activefilter低通濾波器low-passfilter高通濾波器high-passfilter帶通濾波器band-passfilter帶阻濾波器band-stop/band-reject/notchfilterChapter12Three-phaseCircuits對稱三相電源balancedthree-phasesources對稱三相電路symmetricalthree-phasecircuit中線neutralline中性點(diǎn)neutralpoint三相四線制three-phasefour-wiresystem相電壓phasevoltage線電壓linevoltage相序phasesequence正序positive/abcsequence負(fù)序negative/acbsequence相電流phasecurrent線電流linecurrentChapter13Steady-StateResponseofPeriodicExcitation周期性非正弦激勵(lì)nonsinusoidalperiodicexcitation三角形式的付里葉級數(shù)trigometricFourierseries指數(shù)形式的付里葉級數(shù)exponentialFourierseries付里葉系數(shù)Fouriercoefficient基波fundamentalharmonic基波頻率fundamentalfrequency諧波harmonicwave高次諧波higherharmonic頻譜frequencyspectrum譜線spectrumline線狀頻譜linespectrum奇次odd偶次even奇對稱oddsymmetry偶對稱evensymmetry半波對稱half-wavesymmetry帕斯瓦爾定理Parseval'stheoremChapter14FourierTransformationandLaplaceTransformation付里葉變換Fouriertransformation拉普拉斯變換Laplacetransformation原函數(shù)originalfunction象函數(shù)transformfunction積分變換integraltransformation頻域frequencydomain幅度譜amplitudespectrum相位譜phasespectrum矩形脈沖rectangularpulse線性性質(zhì)linearity時(shí)域微分timedifferentiation時(shí)域積分timeintegration時(shí)域平移timeshift頻域平移frequencyshift拉普拉斯反變換inverseLaplacetransformation拉普拉斯變換對LaplacepairsChapter15Two-portNetworks端口port二端口網(wǎng)絡(luò)two-portnetwork四端網(wǎng)絡(luò)four-terminalnetwork/quadripoleZ參數(shù)impedenceparametersY參數(shù)admittanceparametersH參數(shù)HybridparametersT參數(shù)Transmissionparameters策動(dòng)點(diǎn)drivingpoint（二端口）級聯(lián)cascadeconnection傳播常數(shù)transmissionconstantChapter16BasisofNetworkGraphTheory圖graph拓?fù)鋱Dtopologicalgraph子圖subgraph連通圖connectedgraph有向圖orientedgraph樹tree樹支treebranch連支link割集cutset降階關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣reducedincidencematrix增廣矩陣augmentedmatrix秩rank基本回路矩陣fundamentalloopmatrix基本割集矩陣fundamentalcutsetmatrix單位陣unitmatrix轉(zhuǎn)置陣transposedmatrix正定矩陣positivedefinitematrix非奇異矩陣nonsingularmatrix逆矩陣inversematrix方陣squarematrix零矩陣zeromatrix行列式determinantChapter17StateVariablesApproach狀態(tài)變量statevariable狀態(tài)方程stateequation狀態(tài)空間statespace列向量columnvector特征值characteristicvalue特征向量characteristicvector特征方程characteristicequation相似矩陣similarmatrixChapter18NonlinearDynamicCircuits非線性時(shí)變電路nonlineartime-varyingcircuit自治電路非自治電路前向歐拉法forwardEular'smethod后向歐拉法backwardEular'smethod相