英美社會(huì)與文化考試復(fù)習(xí)題

英美社會(huì)與文化復(fù)習(xí)題LChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingstatements.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesareA.GreatBritainandIrelandB.GreatBritainandScotlandC.GreatBritainandWalesD.GreatBritainandEngland_______isthecapitalcityofScotiand.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.AberdeenD.CardiffAccordingtoa2005estimate,Britainnowhasapopulationofovermillion.A.160B.600C.60D.16AmongthefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdom,isthesmallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIrelandAlmostaquarteroftheBritishpopulationlivesin________England.A.northeasternB.southeasternC.northwesternD.southwesternEnglishbelongstothe_______groupofIndo-Europeanfamilyoflanguages.A.CelticB.Indo-IranianC.GermanicD?RomanTheintroductionofChristianitytoBritainaddedthefirstelementofEnglish.A.DanishandFinnishB.DutchandGermanC.FrenchandItalianD.LatinandGreekTheevolutionofMiddleEnglishwasreinforcedbythe______influence.wordstoA.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.DanishSamuelJohnson'sdictionarywasinfluentialinestablishingastandardform?A.grammarB.handwritingC.spellingD.pronunciation

Atpresent,nearly________oftheworldspopulationcommunicateinEnglish.

A.half?aquarterC.onethirdD.onefifth

TheattackonRomeendedtheRomanoccupationinBritainin410.

A.NormanB.DanishC.CelticD.Germanic

Bythelate7thcentury,becamethedominantreligioninEngland?A.CelticChristianityB.Anglo-SaxonChristianity?GermanicChristianityD.RomanChristianityWestminsterAbbeywasbuiltatthetimeofA.St.AugustineB.EdwardtheConfessor?WilliamtheConquerorD.AlfredtheGreatThe_______markedtheestablishmentoffeudalisminEngland.A?VikinginvasionB.signingoftheMagnaCarta

C-NormanConquestD?AdoptionofcommonlawTheendoftheWarsoftheRosesledtotheruleof.

A.theHouseofValoisB.theHouseofYork

?theHouseofTudorD.theHouseofLancasterThedirectcausefortheReligiousReformationwasKingHenryVIIFsefforttoA.divorcehiswifeB.breakwithRomeC.supporttheProtestantsD.declarehissupremepoweroverthechurchTheEnglishCivilWarbrokeoutin1642between________?A?ProtestantsandPuritansB.RoyalistsandParliamentariansC.noblesandpeasantsD?aristocratsandChristians_______waspassedaftertheGloriousRevolution.A.BillofRightsB.ActofSupremacy?ProvisionsofOxfordD.MagnaCartaTheIndustrialRevolutionwasaccomplishedinBritainbythemiddleofthe__________century.

A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thBritainfacedstrongchallengesinitsglobalimperialdominancebythebeginningofthe________century.

A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thTheBritishgovernmentischaracterizedbyadivisionofpowersbetweenthreeofthefollowingbrancheswith

theexceptionofthe____________________________.A.judiciaryB?legislatureC.monarchy?executive

TheimportanceoftheBritishmonarchycanbeseeninitseffecton__________

A.passingthebillsB.advisingthegovernment

?politicalpartiesD?publicattitudeAsarevisingchamber,theHouseofLordsisexpectedto__________theHouseofCommons.

A.rivalB.complementC.criticizeD.inspect

BritishCabinetworksontheprincipleof________.A.collectiveresponsibilityB.individualresponsibility

C.defendingthecollectivismD?defendingtheindividuals

ThemaindutyoftheBritishPrivyCouncilisto_________.A.makedecisionsB.giveadviceC.passbills?supervisetheCabinet

InBritain,theparliamentarygeneralelectionisheldevery_________years.

A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six

_______hasadistinctlegalsystembasedonRomanlaw.A?WalesB.EnglandC.ScotlandD.NorthernIreland

Generallyspeaking,theBritishParliamentoperatesona_________system.

A.single-partyB.two-partyC.three-partyD?multi-party

ThepoliciesoftheConservativePartyarecharacterizedbypragmatismand__________.

A.governmentinterventionB.nationalizationofenterprises

C.socialreformD.abeliefinindividualism

TheLaborPartyaffectedtheBritishsocietygreatlyinthatit_________.A.setuptheNationalHealthServiceB.improvedpublictransportation

C.abolishedtheoldtaxsystemD?enhaneedtheeconomicdevelopment

TheBritisheconomyachievedglobaldominancebythe__________?A.1860sB.1870sC.1880s」890sIn______,theBritishParliamentpassedtwoimportantactstoestablishawelfarestate.A.1945B.1946C.1947D.1948The_______intheearly1970sworsenedanalreadystagnanteconomyinBritain.A.oilcrisisB.highinflationratesC.largeimportsD.unemploymentproblemOfthefollowingpractices,________doesnotbelongtoThatcher'ssocialwelfarereform.A.reducingchildbenefitsB.shorteningtheunemploymentbenefitsperiodC.reducingtheunemploymentD?1oweringoldagepensionsTheBlairgovernmenthasbeensuccessfulinallthefollowingaspectsexcept__________?A.limitinggovernmentspendingB.keepinginflationundercontrolC.reducingunemploymentD?reducinginequalityBritainhasdevoted________ofitslandareato?A.54%B.64%C.74%D.84%Britain'simportantfishingareasincludeallthefollowingexcept_________?A.theNorthSeaB.theEnglishChannelC.TheseaareaaroundIrelandD?TheseaareabetweenBritainandIrelandCoalminingindustryinBritainprovides________oftheenergyconsumedinthecountry.A.1/3B.1/4C.1/5D.2/3ThecarindustryinBritaininmostly________.A.foreign-owned?state-ownedC.joint-ventureD.privately-ownedOfthefollowingsectorsinBritain,__________hasexperiencedspectaculargrowthsincetheendofWordWarII.A.agriculture?energyindustryC.serviceindustryD.manufacturingindustryInBritain,thedivisionbetweengrammarschoolsandvocationalschoolswereendedbytheintroductionofcomprehensiveschoolsinthe_____________________.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960sAbout_______ofBritishchildrenreceiveprimaryandsecondaryeducationthroughtheindependent?A.5%B.6%C.7%D.8%

Partiallyfundedbycentralgovernmentgrants,theBritishuniversitiesreceivetheirremainingfundsfromall

thefollowingsourcesexcept_____________________A.tuitionfeesB.loansC.donationsD.corporatecontributions

Ofthefollowing,________isNOTabasisofadmissiontoBritain'suniversities.

A.resultinnationalentrancetestB.A-levelresultC.aninterviewD?schoolreferencesTobeadmittedtotheOpenUniversity,oneneed_________.A.someeducationalqualificationsB.noeducationalqualifications

?GeneralCertificateofEducation-AdvancedD.GeneralNationalVocationalQualificationsAmong

Britain'squalitypress,thefollowingnewspapersareregardedasthe"BigThree"withtheexceptionof.

A.TheTimesB.TheGuardianC.TheObserverD.TheDailyTelegraph

LifeonEarthisakindof________programproducedbytheBBCandispopularamong500

millionviewersworldwide.A.feature?dramaC.documentaryD.soapopera______isBritain'stoppaytelevisionprovider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB

Ofthefollowing,________isNOTacommonfeatureofalltheBritishholidays?

A.familiesgettingtogetherB.friendsexchanginggoodwishes

?friendsenjoyingeachother'scompanyD.familiestravelingoverseas

ThefollowingChristmastraditionsareparticularlyBritishexcept________.

A.TroopingtheColorB.Queen'sChristmasmessage

C.BoxingDayD?ChristmaspantomimeThemostsignificantachievementoftheEnglishRenaissanceis__________?A.poetryB.drama?novelD?pamphlet______isviewedasRomanticpoetry's"DeclarationofIndependence.^A.“IWonderedLonelyasaCloud”B.DonJuanC."PrefacetoLyricalBallads^D.PrometheusUnboundOfDickens9novels,_______isconsideredautobiographical?A.ATaleofTwoCitiesB.DavidCopperfield

C.OliverTwistD.GreatExpectations

______isarepresentativeofEnglishCriticalRealismattheturnofthe19thcentury?

A.RobertLouisStevensonB.JohnMilton

C.JosephConradD.ThomasHardy

Ofthefollowingstatements,________isNOTcorrectintermsofNeo-Romanticism.

A.Itprevailedattheendofthe19th?B.Thewritersweredissatisfiedwiththesocialreality.C.Thewritersbelievedin"ArtforArt'sSake".D.TreasureIslandwasarepresentativework.______isNOTincludedinthemodernist?A.OscarWildB.VirginiaWoolf

C.WilliamButlerYeatsD.T.S.Eliot

Ofthefollowingbooks,_______wasNOTwrittenbyThomasHardy.

A.JudetheObscureB.TessoftheD'Urbendlles

C.AdamBedeD.TheReturnoftheNative

Ofthefollowingstatements,________isNOTcorrectaboutVirginiaWoolf.

A.Shewasacentralfigureofthe"Bloomsbury??Sheexperimentedwithstreamof??Shewasaninfluentialfeminist.

D.HermasterpiecewasTheRainbow.Ofthefollowingwriters,________isNOTaNobelPrizewinner.

A.SamuelBeckettB.JamesJoyceC.WilliamGoldingD.V.S.Naipaul

WaitingforGodotiswrittenby_______A.SamuelBeckettB.GeorgeOrwellC.WilliamGoldingstatesD.D.H.LawrenceTheUnitedStateshasonthecontinent.A.50C.48D.35

B.49Thestateofisthelargestinareaofallthestates.A.AlaskaB.Hawaii?TexasD.Florida

TheU.?liesin______NorthAmerica,withCanadatothenorth,Mexicotothesouth,theAtlantictoits________andthePacifictoits________.A.northern,east,westB.central,east,westC.southern,west,eastD?western,east,westThelargestriverinthe??is______A?theMissouriRiverB.theMississippiRiverC.theOhioRiverD.theColoradoRiverSomeoftheworldfamousuniversitieslikeHarvard,YaleandMITarelocated__________A.intheSouthB.alongthePacificCoast?inNewEnglandD.intheMidwest______islocatedonthe?S.-CanadianborderbetweenLakeErieandLake?A.YellowstoneNationalParkB.TheGrandCanyonC.NiagaraFallsD.TheGreatSaltLakeThenativeAlaskanpopulationincludesthefollowingexceptthe_________.A?IndiansB.EskimosC.AleutsD.BlacksThelargestminorityintheUnitedStatesisthe________?A.PacificIslandersB.BlacksC.NativeAmericansD.AsiansTheImmigrantsActof1924restrictedthefurtherimmigrationintotheUnitedStates,particularlyfrom__________________.A?EuropeB.AsiaC.AfricaD.SouthAmericaThecharacteristicofdominantAmericancultureis_________.A.English-speaking,northernEuropean,RomanCatholicandmiddle-class?English-speaking,westernEuropean,RomanCatholicandupper-class?English-speaking,northernEuropean,Protestantandupper-classD.English-speaking,westernEuropean,Protestantandmiddle-classThefirstsuccessfulEnglishcolonyinNorthAmericawasfoundedat_________in________.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston,MassachusettsC-Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,GeorgiaPilgrimFathersareagroupof____________whocametoAmericatoavoidpersecutioninEngland?A.ProtestantsB.PuritansC.CatholicsD.ChristiansTheSevenYearsWaroccurredbetweenthe_________?A.FrenchandAmericanIndiansB.FrenchandSpaniards

?FrenchandBritishD.BritishandAmericanIndians

"Notaxationwithoutrepresentation^wastherallyingsloganof_________.

A.thesettlersofVirginiaB.thepeopleofPennsylvania

C.thecolonistsinNewEnglandD.thepeopleofthe13colonies

ThefirstshotsoftheAmericanWarofIndependencewerefiredin_________?

A.Concord?LexingtonC.PhiladelphiaD.Boston

InMay1775,_________washeldinPhiladelphiaandbegantoassumethefunctionsofa

nationalgovernment.A.theFirstContinentalCongressB.theSecondContinentalCongress

C.theBostonTeaPartyD.theCongressofConfederation

AbrahamLincolnissued________tograntfreedomtoallslaves?A?DeclarationofIndependenceB.ConstitutionC.EmancipationProclamationD?BillofRightsThepolicyoftheUnitedStateswas________atthebeginningofthetwoworldwars.

A.neutralityB.fullinvolvementC.partialinvolvementD.appeasement

President________appliedNewDealtodealwiththeproblemsoftheGreatDepression.

A?WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy

TheVietnamWarwasalong-timesufferingforAmericans,anditcontinuedthroughouttheterms

ofPresidents____________?A.Johnson,NixonandFordB.Truman,EisenhowerandKennedy

?Kennedy,JohnsonandNixonD.Eisenhower,KennedyandJohnson81.TheU.S.Constitutioncameintoeffectin________.A.1787B.1789C.1791D.179382.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates_________?A.givesthemostpowertoCongressB.givesthemostpowertothePresident?triestogiveeachbranchenoughpowertobalancetheothersD.givesthemostpowertotheSupremeCourt83.TheBillofRights________.A.definestherightsofCongressandtherightsofthePresidentB.guaranteescitizensoftheUnitedStatesspecificindividualrightsandfreedomsC.ispartoftheDeclarationofIndependenceD.hasnorelationshipwiththeConstitution84.Thefollowingexcept________areguaranteedintheBillofRights?A.freedomofreligionB.therighttogetintopeople'shousebypolice?freedomofspeechandofpressD.therighttoownone'sweaponifonewishes85.Allthefollowingexcept________cannotmakelegislativeproposal.A.theSenatorB.theRepresentativeC.lheSecretaryofStateD?thePresident86.Thefollowingexcept________areallpowersofthePresident.A-vetoinganybillspassedbyCongress?appointingfederaljudgeswhenvacanciesoccurC.makinglawsD.issuingexecutiveorders87.AccordingtotheConstitution,acandidateforPresidentmustbe_________.A-atleast35yearsold?atleasta14years5residentoftheUnitedStatesC.bominAmericaD.alloftheabove88.ThetermsforaSenatorandRepresentativeare________and________yearsrespectively.

A.two,four?two,threeC.two,sixD?six,two89.TheSupremeCourtiscomposedof_________justices?A.sixB.seven?eightD.nine90.ThePresidentisdirectlyvotedintoofficeby_________?A.allcitizensofAmerica?thecitizensover18yearsold

?electorselectedbythevotersD.thesenatorsandrepresentatives

9LAmericaproducesamajorportionoftheworld'sproductsinthefollowingfieldsexcept?

A.machineryB.automobilesC.oreD.chemicals92.ThemodernAmericaneconomyprogressedfrom____________to_______,andeventually,

to_______?A.colonialeconomy,handcrafteconomy,industrialeconomy

B.farmingeconomy,handcrafteconomy,industrialeconomy?colonialeconomy,farmingeconomy,industrialeconomyD.handcrafteconomy,farmingeconomy,industrialeconomy93.CharteredcompanieswereNOTgrantedthe________bytheBritishKingorQueen.A.politicalauthority?economicrightsC.judicialauthorityD.diplomaticauthority94.ThefirstNationalBankoftheUnitedStateswasestablishedwiththeurgeof__________.A.GeorgeWashington?ThomasJeffersonC.AndrewJacksonD.AlexanderHamilton95.Thefollowinginventionstookplaceduringthe“secondindustrialrevolution^except______.A?typewriterB.telephoneC.electriclightD.refrigerator96.PresidentJohnsontriedtobuilda"GreatSociety”byintroducingvariousprogramslikethefollowingexcept________.A.MedicareB.FoodStampsC.EducationInitiativesD.UnemploymentPension97.About_______ofAmericancropsareforexport?A.halfB.onethirdC.onefourthD.onefifth98.Thefollowingstatementsarealltrueexcept_________.A.Agribusinessesreflectthebig,corporatenatureofmanyfarm?B.Agribusinessesmaintainabalancedtradepatternbetweenagriculturalimportsandexports??Agribusinessesrangefromone-familycorporationstomultinationalfirms.D.Agribusinessesincludeavarietyoffarmbusinessesandstructures.99.______isnotoneofthethreegiantsinAmericanautomobileindustry.A.FordB.GeneralMotorsC.ChryslerD.AmericanMotors100.Atpresent,?S.exportsaccountfor_______oftheworlcfstotal.A.10%B.15%C.20%D.25%101.FormaleducationintheUnitedStatesconsistsof_________、secondaryandhighereducation.A.kindergartenB.publicC.elementaryD?private102.Ofthefollowingsubjects,________areNOTofferedtoelementaryschool?A.mathematicsandlanguagesB.politicsandbusinesseducationC.scienceandsocialstudiesD.musicandphysicaleducation103.HighereducationintheUnitedStatesbeganwiththefoundingof__________?A.YaleUniversityB.HarvardUniversityC.PrincetonUniversityD.NewYorkUniversity104.Ofthefollowing,________areNOTamongthecategoriesofAmericanhighereducation.A.universitiesandcollegesB.researchinstitutionsC.technicalinstitutionsD.communitycolleges105.Ofthefollowing,_________isNOTtheresponsibilityoftheboardoftrusteesinU.S?institutions?A.choosingthepresidentB.establishingpoliciesforadministratorsandfacultyC.approvingbudgetandotherfinancialprojectD.decidewhichstudenttoenroll106.Togetabachelor^degree,allundergraduatestudentsarerequiredtodothefollowingexcept_______■A.attendinglecturesandcompletingassignmentsB.passingexaminations?workingforcommunitiesD.earningacertainnumberofcredits107.Ofthefollowinguniversities,________hasNOTcultivatedanyAmericanPresidentyet.A.HarvardUniversityB?MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyC.PrincetonUniversityD?YaleUniversity108.______issoldespeciallytotheupperorupper-middleclassandithasareputationforitsseriousattitudeandgreat?A.TheWashingtonPostB.TheNewYorkTimesC.LosAngelesTimesD.NewYorkDailyNews109.Ofthefollowing,_________isNOTamongthethreemajorradioandTVnetworksinAmerica.A.theNationalBroadcastingSystem(NBS)B.thePublicBroadcastingService(PBS)C.theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem(CBS)D.theAmericanBroadcastingSystem(ABS)110.TheNationalDayoftheUnitedStatesfallsonA.June4thB.July4thC.June14thD.July14th111.Ofthefollowingwriters,________arefromtheColonialandRevolutionaryPeriods.A.BenjaminFranklin&EdgarEllenPoeB.EdgarEllenPoe&JonathanEdwardsC.BenjaminFranklin&JonathanEdwardsD.EdgarEllenPoe&WashingtonIrving112.______isregardedas"thefatherofAmericanliterature^.A.JamesFennimoreCooper?RalphWaldoEmerson?ThomasJeffersonD?WashingtonIrving113.Ofthefollowing,________isNOTNathanielHawthorne^swork.A.TheScarletLetterB.TheHouseoftheSevenGablesC.TheMarbleFaunD.Nature114.Ofthefollowing,________isconsideredHermanMelville^smasterpiece?A.TheLastoftheMohicansB.TheLegendofSleepyHollowC.MobyDickD.DaisyMiller115.Ofthefollowing,________isNOTcharacteristicofMarkTwain^sworks.A.colloquialspeechB.asenseofhumorC.arealisticviewD.anidealisticview116.Ofthefollowingwriters,_______isNOTincludedinthegroupofnaturalists.A.StephenCraneB.FrankNorrisC.TheodoreDreiserD.HermanMelville117.EScottFitzgerald'sfinestnovelis________,anditsthemeisabout________.A-TheGreatGatsby,theAmericanDreamB.TenderistheNight,loveC.TalesoftheJazzAg匕thelossofoneselfD.TheBeautifulandtheDamned,theevilofhumannature11&Ofthefollowingbooks,________isNOTwrittenbyErnestHemingway.A.TheSunAlsoRisesB.TheSoundandtheFuryC.AFarewelltoArmsD.ForWhomtheBellTolls119.Ofthefollowingwriters,________isNotaNobelPrizewinne匸A.AliceWalkerB.ErnestHemingwayC.WilliamFaulknerD.EugeneO'Neil120.______isthefirstAfrican-AmericanwinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiteratureA.RalphEllisonB.TonyMorrisonC.RichardWrightD.JamesBaldwin參考答案：1-10ABCDDBBCDCABACBAC11-20DCDBABBCCDCDBDAB21-30CACBBADBCCCACDDA31-40CCBDACCCDDBABAD41-50DABBBCDBBCCCDACDDD51-60BCBBCDDDBDCCBDAB61-70CDBBBDBDDABBBAB71-80CDC81-90B91-100C101-110C111-120CII.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.1.HowdoBritishenjoytheChristmasday?ChristmasisthebiggestandbestlovedBritishholiday.Schoolsclosefortheholidayperiod,asdoshopsandoffices,sopeoplecanspendtimeathomewiththeirfamilies.MostBritishpeoplecelebrateitbyexchanginggiftsandChristmascards,preparingholidayfoods,anddecoratinghomesandworkplaces.TherearethreeChristmastraditionswhichareparticularlyBritish:oneistheChristmasPantomime,acomicalmusicalplay.AnothertraditionistheQueen'sChristmasmessage,broadcastoverthetelevisionandradio.AthirdBritishtradition,whichisalsocelebratedincountrieswithBritishheritages,isBoxingDay,whichfallsonthedayafterChristinas.2.WhatwerethemajorcausesofBritain'srelativeeconomicdeclineinthepostwarperiod?First,BritainsufferedgreateconomiclossesintwoWorldWarsandhadgoneheavilyintodebttofinancethewar.Second,theeraoftheBritishEmpirewasover.IndiaandotherBritishcolonies,whichprovidedrawmaterial&largemarketforBritishgoods,gainedindependence.Third,Britainwasforcedtomaintainanexpensivemilitarypresenceinmanyoverseaslocationsuntiltheendof1960s.Fourth,BritainhadtomakeSubstantialfinancialcontributionstoNATOandtheUNSecurityCouncil.Finally,BritainfailedtoinvestinindustryafterWWIIwhereasitscompetitorslikeGermanyandJapancaughtupwithBritainbyinvestinginthemostmodernequipmentandmeansofproduction.3.WhatistheCommonwealthofNations?Itisavoluntaryassociationofindependentsovereignstates,allofwhichacknowledgetheBritishmonarchassymbolicheadoftheassociation.TheCommonwealthisnotapoliticalunionofanysort,anditsmemberstateshavefullautonomytomanagetheirowninternalandexternalaffairs.Itisprimarilyanorganizationinwhichcountrieswithdiverseeconomicbackgroundshaveanopportunityforcloseandequ