選修作業(yè)-day3刷題訓(xùn)練營

TheaveragenormalinfantbornintheUnitedStatesweighsbetween12and14poundsattheageofthreemonths.Therefore,ifathree-month-oldchildweighsonly10pounds,itsweightgainhasbeenbelowtheUnitedStatesWhichofthefollowingindicatesaflawinthereasoningAWeightisonlyonemeasureofnormalinfantBSomethree-month-oldchildrenweighasmuchas17CItispossibleforanormalchildtoweigh10poundsatDThephrase"belowaverage"doesnotnecessarilymeanEAverageweightgainisnotthesameasaverageAdvertisement:Forsinuspain,threeoutoffourhospitalsgivetheirpatientsNovex.Sowhenyouwantthemosteffectivepainkillerforsinuspain,Novexistheonetochoose.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyunderminestheadvertisement'sASomecompetingbrandsofpainkillersareintendedtoreduceotherkindsofpaininadditiontosinuspain.BManyhospitalsthatdonotusuallyuseNovexwilldosoforthosepatientswhocannottoleratethedrugthehospitalsusuallyuse.CManydrugmanufacturersincreasesalesoftheirproductstohospitalsbysellingtheseproductstothehospitalsatthelowestpricethemanufacturerscanafford.DUnlikesomecompetingbrandsofpainkillers,Novexisavailablefrompharmacieswithoutadoctor'sprescription.EInclinicaltrialsNovexhasbeenfoundtobemoreeffectivethancompetingbrandsofpainkillersthathavebeenonthemarketlongerthanNovex.Aresearcherstudyingdrugaddictsfoundthat,o age,theytendtomanipulateotherpeopleagreatdealmorethannonaddictsdo.TheresearcherconcludedthatpeoplewhofrequentlymanipulateotherpeoplearelikelytoeWhichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheresearcher'sAAfter ingaddictedtodrugs,drugaddictslearntomanipulateotherpeopleasawayofobtainingdrugs.BWhentheyareimprisoned,drugaddictsoftenusetheirabilitytomanipulateotherpeopletoobtainbetterlivingconditions.CSomenonaddictsmanipulateotherpeoplemorethansomeaddictsDPeoplewhoarelikelyto eaddictsexhibitunusualbehaviorpatternsotherthanfrequentmanipulationofotherpeople.ETheaddictsthattheresearcherstudiedwereoftenunsuccessfulinobtainingwhattheywantedwhentheymanipulatedotherpeople.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,about375,000civiliansdiedintheUnitedStatesandabout408,000membersoftheUnitedStatesarmedforcesdiedoverseas.Onthebasisofthosefigures,itcanbeconcludedthatitwasnotmuoredangeroustobeoverseasinthearmedforcesduringtheSecondWorldWarthanitwastostayathomeasacivilian.Whichofthefollowingwouldrevealmostclearlytheabsurdityoftheconclusiondrawnabove?ACountingdeathsamongmembersofthearmedforceswhoservedintheUnitedStatesinadditiontodeathsamongmembersofthearmedforces BExpressingthedifferencebetweenthenumbersofdeathsamongciviliansandmembersofthearmedforcesasapercentageofthetotalnumberofCSeparatingdeathscausedbyaccidentsduringserviceinthearmedforcesfromdeathscausedbycombatinjuriesDComparingdeathratesperthousandmembersofeachgroupratherthancomparingtotalnumbersofdeathsEComparingdeathscausedbyaccidentsintheUnitedStatestodeathscausedbycombatinthearmedforcesThoughsuckingzinclozengeshasbeenpromotedasatreatmentforthecommoncold,researchhasrevealednoconsistenteffect.Recently,however,azincgelappliednasallyhasbeenshowntogreatlyreducethedurationofcolds.Sincethegelcontainszincinthesameformandconcentrationasthelozenges,thegreatereffectivenessofthegelmustbeduetothefactthatcoldestendtoconcentrateinthenose,notthemouth.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheAExperimentalsubjectswhousedthezincgelnotonlyhadcoldsofshorterdurationbutalsohadlessseveresymptomsthandidthosewhousedagelthatdidnotcontainzinc.BThemechanismbywhichzincaffectstheesthatcausethecommoncoldhasnotbeenconclusivelyestablished.CTomakethempalatable,zinclozengesgenerallycontainotheringredients,suchascitricacid,thatcaninterferewiththechemicalactivityofzinc.DNozinc-basedcoldremedycanhaveanyeffectunlessitistakenorappliedwithin48hoursoftheinitialonsetofcoldsymptoms. panyresearchersexperimentingwithanasalspraybasedonzinchavefoundthatithasmuchthesameeffectoncoldsasthegeldoes.Anewlawgivesownershipofpatents— sprovidingexclusiverighttomakeandsellaninvention—touniversities,notthe ernment,whenthosepatentsresultfrom ernment-sponsoreduniversityresearch.AdministratorsatLogosUniversityplantosellanypatentstheyacquiretocorporationsinordertofundprogramstoimproveundergraduateteaching.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldcastthemostdoubtontheviabilityofthecollegeadministrators’plandescribedabove?AProfit-makingcorporationsinterestedindeveloproductsbasedonpatentsheldbyuniversitiesarelikelytotrytoserveasexclusivesponsorsofongoinguniversityresearchprojects.BCorporatesponsorsofresearchinuniversityfacilitiesareentitledtotaxcreditsundernewfederaltax-codeguidelines.CResearchscientistsatLogosUniversityhavefewornoteachingresponsibilitiesandparticipaittleifatallintheundergraduateprogramsintheirfield.Dernment-sponsoredresearchconductedatLogosUniversityforthemostpartduplicatesresearchalreadycompletedbyseveralprofitmakingELogosUniversityisunlikelytoattractcorporatesponsorshipofitsscientificThepricethe ernmentpaysforstandardweaponspurchasedfrommilitarycontractorsisdeterminedbyapricingmethodcalled"historicalcosting"Historicalcostingallowscontractorstoprotecttheirprofitsbyaddingapercentageincrease,basedonthecurrentrateofinflation,tothepreviousyear'scontractualprice.Whichofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,isthebestbasisforacriticismofhistoricalcostingasaneconomicallysoundpricingmethodformilitarycontracts?A ernmentmightcontinuetopayforpastinefficientuseofBTherateofinflationhasvariedconsiderablyoverthepasttwentyCThecontractualpricewillbegreatlyaffectedbythecostofmaterialsusedfortheproducts.DManytaxpayersquestiontheamountofmoneythe ernmentspendsonmilitarycontracts.EThepricingmethodbasedonhistoricalcostingmightnotencouragethedevelopmentofinnovativeweapons.Sunflowersgrowinginpotswereplaced,withtheirrootssubmerged,inthepondcontaminatedwithradioactiveelements.Thesunflowerskeptgrowing;intheprocess,theyabsorbedradioactiveelements.Withintwelvedays,85percentoftheradioactiveelementswereremovedfromthewater,whichisnolessthancanbe plishedwiththemuoreexpensiveconventionalfiltrationtechniques.Scientiststhereforeproposeusingsunflowersfordecontaminationwherever