供應(yīng)鏈管理-第三版-Unit1-習(xí)題與答案

Chapter1UnderstandingtheSupplyTrue/FalseAsupplychainincludesonlytheorganizationsdirectlyinvolvedinsupplyingcomponentsneededformanufacturing.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Asupplychaincouldbemoreaccuratelydescribedasasupplynetworksupplyweb.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Theobjectiveofeverysupplychainistomaximizetheoverallvaluegenerated.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyEverysupplychainmustincludeall5stages.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyThecycleviewofasupplychainholdsthattheprocessesinasupplychainaredividedintoaseriesofactivitiesperformedattheinterfacebetweensuccessivestages.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Thepush/pullviewofasupplychainholdsthattheprocessesinasupplychainaredividedinto2categoriesdependingonwhethertheyareinitiatedinresponsetoorinanticipationofcustomerorders.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyTheobjectiveofcustomerorderentryistomaintainarecordofproductreceiptandcompletepayment.Answer:FalseDifficulty:HardThereplenishmentcycleoccursattheretailer/distributorinterface.Answer:TrueDifficulty:HardThemanufacturingcycleoccursatthemanufacturer/supplierinterface.Answer:FalseDifficulty:ModerateTheprocurementcycleoccursatthemanufacturer/supplierinterface.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThecycleviewofthesupplychainisusefulwhenconsideringoperationaldecisions,becauseitspecifiestherolesandresponsibilitiesofeachmemberthesupplychain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Thepush/pullviewofthesupplychainisusefulwhenconsideringstrategicdecisionsrelatingtosupplychaindesign,becauseitcategorizesprocessesbasedonwhethertheyareinitiatedinresponsetoorinanticipationofcustomerorders.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Pullprocessesmayalsobereferredtoasreactiveprocesses.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyPullprocessesmayalsobereferredtoasspeculativeprocesses.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyAllsupplychainactivitieswithinafirmbelongtooneofthreemacroprocesse–CRM,ISCMandSRM.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyThereisacloseconnectionbetweenthedesignandmanagementofsupplychainflowsandthesuccessofasupplychain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:EasyEssay/ProblemsExplainthe3decisionphases(categories)thatmustbemadeinasuccessfulsupplychain.The3decisionphasesthatoccurwithinasupplychainaresupplychainstrategy(ordesign),supplychainplanningandsupplychainoperation.Decisionsrelatetotheflowofinformation,productandfunds.Thedifferencebetweencategoriesdependsuponthefrequencyofeachdecisionandthetimeframeoverwhichithasanimpact.Duringthesupplychainstrategyphase,acompanydetermineswhatthechain’sconfigurationswillbe,howresourceswillbeallocated,andwhatprocesseseachstagewillperform.Thiswillestablishthestructureofthesupplychainforseveralyears.Supplychainplanningdealswithdecisionswithatimeframefrom3monthsuptoayear.Theplanningphasemustworkwithintheconstraintsestablishedinthestrategyphase.Planningdecisionsincludewhichmarketstosupplyfromwhichlocations,subcontractingofmanufacturing,inventorypoliciesandtimingandsizeofmarketingpromotions.Thesupplychainoperationphaseoperatesonaweeklyordailytimehorizondealswithdecisionsconcerningindividualcustomerorders.Difficulty:Hard3階段發(fā)生在一個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈的供應(yīng)鏈戰(zhàn)略（或設(shè)計(jì)），供應(yīng)鏈與供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作。決策與信息的流動(dòng)，產(chǎn)品和資金。過程每個(gè)階段都會(huì)執(zhí)行。這將建立供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)的幾年。供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃涉及一個(gè)時(shí)間框架3個(gè)月到一年。規(guī)劃階段必須工作的限制，建立在戰(zhàn)略階段。規(guī)劃的決定，包括市場(chǎng)的供應(yīng)地點(diǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)包生產(chǎn)，庫(kù)存策略和營(yíng)銷推廣的時(shí)機(jī)和規(guī)模。供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作階段運(yùn)行在一個(gè)每周或每天的時(shí)間范圍和處理決定個(gè)別客戶的訂單。Describethecycleviewoftheprocesseswithinasupplychain.Thecycleviewdividesthesupplychainintoaseriesof4cyclesbetweenthe5differentstagesofasupplychain.Thecyclesarethecustomerordercycle,replenishmentcycle,manufacturingcycleandprocurementcycle.Thecustomerordercycleoccursatthecustomer/retailerinterfaceandincludesallprocessesdirectlyinvolvedinreceivingandfillingthecustomer.Thereplenishmentcycleoccursattheretailer/distributorinterfaceandincludesallprocessesinvolvedinreplenishingretailerinventory.Themanufacturingcycletypicallyoccursatthedistributor/manufacturer(orretailer/manufacturer)interfaceandincludesallprocessesinvolvedinreplenishingdistributor(orretailer)inventory.Theprocurementcycleoccursatthemanufacturer/supplierinterfaceandincludesallprocessesnecessarytoensurethatthematerialsareavailableformanufacturingaccordingtoschedule.Difficulty:Moderate4個(gè)周期之間的5個(gè)不同階段的供應(yīng)鏈。周期客戶訂貨周期，補(bǔ)貨周期，制造周期和采購(gòu)/零售商的接口，包括所有進(jìn)程直接參與接收和填補(bǔ)客戶。補(bǔ)貨周期發(fā)生在零售\分銷商的接口，包括所有過程中補(bǔ)充零售商庫(kù)存。制造周期通常發(fā)生在經(jīng)銷\制造商（或零售商或制造商）供應(yīng)商接口，包括所有必要程序，確保材料可用于制造按時(shí)間表。Explainthepush/pullviewoftheprocesseswithinasupplychain.Thepush/pullviewofthesupplychaindividessupplychainprocessesintotwocategoriesbasedonwhethertheyareexecutedinresponsetoacustomerorderorinanticipationofcustomerorders.Pullprocessesareinitiatedinresponsetoacustomerorder.Pushprocessesareinitiatedandperformedinanticipationofcustomerorders.Thepush/pullboundaryseparatespushprocessesfrompullprocesses.Thisviewisveryusefulwhenconsideringstrategicdecisionsrelatingtosupplychaindesign,becauseitforcesamoreglobalconsiderationofsupplychainprocessesastheyrelatetothecustomer.Difficulty:Moderate答：推/2戶訂單。推動(dòng)進(jìn)程發(fā)起和完成預(yù)期的客戶訂單。拉推拉過程進(jìn)程邊界分隔。這種觀點(diǎn)是非常有用的時(shí)候考慮的戰(zhàn)略決策有關(guān)供應(yīng)鏈設(shè)計(jì)，因?yàn)樗仁谷蚋嗟目紤]供應(yīng)鏈流程，因?yàn)樗鼈兩婕暗目蛻?。Explainthethreemacroprocesseswithinasupplychain.AllprocesseswithinasupplychaincanbeclassifiedintothreemacroprocesseswhichareCustomerRelationshipManagement(CRM),InternalSupplyChainManagement(ISCM),andSupplierRelationshipManagement(SRM).CustomerRelationshipManagement(CRM)includesallprocessesthatfocusontheinterfacebetweenthefirmanditscustomerssuchasmarketing,sales,callcentermanagementandordermanagement.Int