2020年湖南高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格考試英語試卷真題及答案詳解

試卷第=page88頁，共=sectionpages88頁試卷第=page77頁，共=sectionpages88頁2020年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試合格性考試英

語本試題卷分閱讀技能、知識(shí)運(yùn)用、寫作技能三個(gè)部分，共6頁。時(shí)量90分鐘，滿分100分。第一部分閱讀技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)

閱讀理解(共12小題；每小題3分，滿分36分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAsCOVID-19brokeoutandspreadintheworld,manycountriesarechangingtheirsocialhabitstoreducetheriskofspreadingthenovelcoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒).Herearesomeofthewaysthatgreetinghabitsarechangingaroundtheworld.ChinaLoudspeakerstellpeoplenottoshakehandsbuttomakethetraditionalgongshougesture(afistintheoppositepalm)tosayhello.FranceFranceisfamousforitsromanticgreetings.Theytoucheachother'scheeksandmakeakissingsound.Butnow,thishabitmaybecomingtoastop.NewspapersinFrancehavebegunpublishingadviceonhowtoreplacekissingonthecheek.Frenchetiquette(禮儀)expertPhilippeLichtfussaidthatsimplylookingintoaperson'seyescanbeenoughasagreeting.SpainTheoutbreakcouldalsohitoneofSpain'smostimportanttraditions—intheweekbeforeEaster,knownasHolyWeek,thefaithful(信徒)queueuptokissthehandsorfeetofsculpturesoftheVirginMaryandthesaints,seekingtheirprotection.It'ssaidthattheceremonycouldbebanned.IranTraditionally,peopleinIranshakehandstogreetoneanother.Buttoday,avideohasbeenpopularinIran,showingthreefriendsmeeting,handsintheirpocketsandtwoofthemwearingmasks,tappingtheirfeetagainsteachotherasagreeting.1．Manycountriesarechangingtheirsocialhabitsto________.A．developtherelationshipbetweencountries B．a(chǎn)ttractmorevisitorsaroundtheworldC．reducetheriskofspreadingCOVID-19 D．showrespectforothercountries2．PeopleinChinaaretoldtogreetthrough________.A．gongshou B．eyecontact C．foottapping D．handkissing3．Whichcountrymaystopitscheek-kissinggreeting?A．France B．Iran C．Spain D．China4．WhatactivitycouldbebannedinSpain?A．Eastercelebrations. B．TheHolyWeekceremonyC．Spanishmusicfestivals D．TheMarathoneventBAndersonCareyis12yearsold.Oneday,hesawamagazinearticlethatinterestedhim.Itwasaboutprosthetics(假肢),whichcanbeusedtoreplaceahand,armorleg.Thearticlesaidpeopleareusing3-Dprinterstobuildthesedevices.Andersonthoughtthiswasverycool.Hewantedtolearnmoreaboutit.SoAndersontalkedtohisscienceteacher,Dr.HollyMartin.Heaskediftheycouldbuildaprosthetictogether.Thetiming(時(shí)機(jī)的把握)wasperfect.MartinhadjustheardaboutagroupcalledEnablingtheFuture.Thisgroupasksvolunteerstohelptobuildroboticarmsandlegs.Thevolunteersbuildthemforpeoplewhosharetheirstoriesonthewebsite.

AndersonandMartinlookedthroughthewebsitetogether.TheydecidedtohelpamanfromthecountryofRomania.HisnameisCornelCrismaru,wholosthisleg,handandpartofhisarm.

InFebruary,AndersonandMartingottowork.Buildingtheroboticarmwasnoteasy.Andersonranintosomeproblemsalongtheway.Hehadhopedtousea3-DPrinterathisschool.Oneofthepiecesforthearmwasbiggerthanthesizeoftheprinter,though.SoonAndersonhadanideatosolvethisproblem.Hereachedouttoa3-DprintingcompanyinWoodstock,Georgia.Thecompanyagreedtohelp.AndersonandMartincouldusetheirbig3-Dprinters.Afterthat,Andersonworkedonthearmforaboutthreemonths.AndersonandMartinsentthearmtoCrismaruinMay.InAugust,theyreceivedanotice.ItisfromCrismaru’sson.HethankedAndersonandMartinfortheirhelp.Martinsaidshehopeschildrenandgrown-upswhohearaboutAndersonsprojectswillrealizethatitmaybehardtochangetheworld,buttheycanstartwithsmallacts.Someofthesecanhelpapersoninahugeway.5．Andersontalkedtohisscienceteacherabout_______.A．startingawebsitetogether B．buyinga3-DprinterC．buildingaprosthetictogether D．studyingrobots6．AndersonandDr.MartinlearnedfromthewebsitethatCrismaru______.A．lostsomebodyparts B．wantedtobeavolunteerC．washomeless D．wasinterestedinrobots7．HowdidAndersonsolvehisproblem?A．Hemadeanew3-Dprinter. B．HеtookDr.Martin’sadvice.C．Heworkedtogetherwithhisschool. D．Hegothelpfroma3-Dprintingcompany.8．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．AllroadsleadtoRome. B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C．Thosewhohelpothershelpthemselves. D．Smallactsmakeabigdifference.CPreviously,themostreadilyavailableinvisibleinkwaslemonjuice.Touseit,writewiththelemonjuiceonordinarypaper,ironthepaperwithahotironandthehiddenmessagewillappear.Thedisadvantageisthatthepaperhastobedestroyedtohidethemessagesonooneelsecanreadit.Scientistshavediscoveredanewkindofinvisibleink.Itiscalledwater.Allyouneedforthissecret-messaginginktoworkistowritewithitonasuper-hi-techpieceofpapercoatedwithspecialchemicals.ShineaUVlightonthecoatedpaperandthewatermessagebecomesvisible.Whenthemessagehasbeenreadandneedstobehiddenagain,getoutyourhairdryer,andblowsomewarmaironthepaper.Thenthemessagewillbeerasedandthepapercanbereused,whichkeepscostslow.Thechemicalsonthepapertakeinandgiveofflight.Thescientistsfoundthatputtingwateronthepaperbrokeupthestructureofthechemicalsitwascoatedwith.ThewaterwritingshowedupdarkerthanthesurroundingpaperunderUVlight.Usinghotairfromahairdryerfor15-30seconds,youwereabletoreusethespecialpaperasmanyas30timesbecausetheheatreorganizedthechemicalstructureofthepapercoating.Withouttheheatfromahairdryer,themessagestayedvisibleforuptothreemonths.TheinventionwasmadebyagroupofscientistsinChina,ledbyQiangZhaooftheInstituteofAdvancedMaterials,NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph2?A．Paper. B．Ink C．Light D．Message10．Whenyoublowsomewarmaironthepaper,thewatermessagewill________.A．beread B．beerased C．becomedarker D．becomevisible11．Howmanytimescanthespecialpaperbereusedatmost?A．3times B．15times C．20times D．30times12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AMagicHairdryer B．ASpecialChemicalC．ANewInvisibleInk D．AnEnvironment-friendlyPaper第二節(jié)小標(biāo)題填空(共3小題；每小題3分，滿分9分)下面文章中有3處(第13-15題)需要添加小標(biāo)題。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoImproveYourFocusStudyingisaskillyoucanimprove,justlikeanyother.Infact,yourfocusplaysthemostimportantroleinit.Herearesomeeffectivewaystoimproveyourfocus.____13____.MakesuretheTVandradioareoff.Turnyourphoneonsilent.Ifyoudon’tneedtheInternetforyourstudying,turnyourWiFioffsoyouwon’tgetdistracted(分心).Studyonesubjectatatimeinsteadofmulti-taskingStudieshaveshownthatmulti-taskingisnotonlyineffectivebutalsostressful.Youcangetmuchmorefunoutofataskifyoufocusonitanddoagoodjob.____14____.Readingtostudyisn’tlikereadinganovelforfun.Youhavetomakesureyouareactivelyfocusingonandrememberingtheinformation.Asyoureadthematerial,askyourselfaboutwhatyou’vejustreadtocheckyourcomprehension(理解力).Takenotesbywritingdownthechapterheadingsandthenmakeafewbulletpointsforeachonewithkeyinformation.Takeanactivebreakatleasteveryhour.Afteranhourofsittingandstudying,getupandtakealittlebreak.Trytomakethebreaklastabout10minutessothatyoucangobacktostudyingbetter.____15____.Sleepisthebestingredient(要素)tohelpyoufocus.Stayinguplatestudyingonschoolnightsisnotagoodideaforlong-termsuccess.Lackofsleeppreventsyoufromfocusingandreducesyourabilitytorememberwhatyouhavelearned.A．Stayorganizedwithastudyschedule.B．Makesureyougetenoughsleepeverynight.C．Askyourselfquestionsasyoureadandtakenotes.D．Avoiddistractionsbylimitingelectronics(電子產(chǎn)品).第二部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastSaturday,twoteenagers,JimandBob,wenttotheRockymountainswiththeirparentsfortheweekend.Inthemorning,thetwoboysdecidedto____16____CathedralMountainbythemselveswhiletheir____17____relaxedatthecampsite.Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetopsuccessfully.However,____18____beganwhentheyclimbeddownthemountain.Bobfellthreemetersoffthepath.Hewasbadlyinjuredinhisrightlegandcouldn’t____19____.Jimdidn’twanttoleavehisfriendandwaitedforhelpwithBob.Whentheboysdidn’treturnthatevening,theirparentsbecamevery____20____.Theygotintouchwithparkworkersandbegan____21____theboys.Whilewaitingforhelp,JimgaveBobhisfoodandwaterandlethimlieonhisjackettomakehimmore____22____.Asitwasgettingdarker,BobtoldJimtogobacktothecampsite,butJimstilldidn’t

____23____.HeusedhisextrashirttokeepBobwarm.Atsunrise,JimandBobstartedthelongclimbbacktotheiranxiousparentswithgreatdifficulty.____24____,afterfourhours,theyarrivedatthecampsite.BobthankedJimforsavinghis_____25_____,sayingthatisthegreatestthingapersoncandoforhisfriend.16．A．climb B．clean C．describe D．protect17．A．friends B．parents C．guides D．workers18．A．noise B．trouble C．blame D．quarrel19．A．breathe B．eat C．move D．speak20．A．relaxed B．bored C．pleased D．worried21．A．searchingfor B．lookingafter C．shoutingat D．cheeringup22．A．confident B．careful C．lovely D．comfortable23．A．wait B．refuse C．leave D．a(chǎn)ppear24．A．Generally B．Finally C．Quickly D．Usually25．A．life B．money C．time D．energy第二節(jié)

語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beesliveinawell-organizedsociety.Theyhaveahighlydevelopedlanguage____26____isdifferentfromthoseofotheranimals.They____27____(normal)passimportantmessagestoeachotheraboutwhere____28____(find)food.Asearcherbeegoesoutlooking____29____newfoodsupplies.Shereturnshomeand____30____(give)herinformationtotheworkerbeesthere.Themajorwaythatbeescommunicateisbytouch.Thisishowbeescantellwhichkindofflowerthesearcherbeehasfound.Shethendoes____31____dancetogivemoreinformationtotheworkerbees.Therearetwo____32____(type)ofdancethattellaboutfood:the“waggle”danceandthe“circle”dance.Thesearcherbeedoesthecircledancewhenthefoodsupply____33____(be)closetothehome.Inthedance,shemovesinsmallcirclestotelltheworkerbeesthatfoodisverynear.However,thedancedoesnotgive____34____(they)anydirections.Itis_____35_____(amaze)thatthecleverbeesstillknowwheretheycanfindthefood.第三部分

寫作技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)

雙向翻譯(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，將文中劃線部分譯成漢語或者英語。MsGaoQianisgoingtogiveusaspeechon20July.________36________SheoncelivedinAustraliaandhastravelledaroundtheworld.Sheisfriendlyandoutgoing.________37________SheknowsChinaandtheChineseculturequitewell,andshealsoknowsabouttheworld.________38________高倩女士擅長漢語和英語。ShegraduatedfromPekingUniversityin2004.Aftergraduation,sheworkedasanEnglishteacherinacollegeforfouryears.________39________In2008,shestartedaschooltohelppoorchildrentogotouniversity.Ms.GaoQianlikestravellingandhasbeentodifferentpartsoftheworld.Shewilltalkaboutsomeforeigncustoms,asmanystudentsareveryinterestedinthem.________40________我們期待她的到來。第二節(jié)情景作文（共1小題，滿分20分）41．假定你是光明中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校將在網(wǎng)上舉行“用英語講中國故事”征文大賽。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下信息，用英語寫一則書面通知。Chinese-story-writingCompetitionAims?Toimprovestudents’writingskills?Topromotestudents’understandingofChinaParticipants(參加者)AllseniorhighschoolstudentsRequirements?Thestoryshouldbetrueandwell-researched.?Thestoryshouldbeamazingandoriginal.?ItisrequiredtowriteaChinesestoryofabout300wordsinEnglish.PrizesEachofthetop10studentswillbeawarded200yuanworthofbooks.Deadline(截止日期)E-mailyourstorytogmhs2020@126.combyJuly21st.注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。NOTICEChinese-story-writingCompetitionThereisgoingtobeanonlineChinese-story-writingCompetitionorganizedbyourschool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnionGuangmingHighSchool答案第=page1010頁，共=sectionpages1010頁答案第=page99頁，共=sectionpages1010頁1．C2．A3．A4．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章舉例說明了新冠病毒的傳播引起的世界各地問候習(xí)慣的改變。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句“AsCOVID-19brokeoutandspreadintheworld,manycountriesarechangingtheirsocialhabitstoreducetheriskofspreadingthenovelcoronavirus（隨著新冠肺炎在世界范圍內(nèi)的爆發(fā)和傳播，許多國家正在改變其社會(huì)習(xí)慣，以減少傳播新型冠狀病毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可知，許多國家正在改變其社會(huì)習(xí)慣，是為了減少傳播新型冠狀病毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分的句子“Loudspeakerstellpeoplenottoshakehandsbuttomakethetraditionalgongshougesturetosayhello.（擴(kuò)音器告訴人們不要握手，而是用傳統(tǒng)的拱手手勢(shì)來打招呼。）”可知，在中國，要求人們以拱手的方式來打招呼。故選A項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分的句子“Franceisfamousforitsromanticgreetings.Theytoucheachother'scheeksandmakeakissingsound.Butnow,thishabitmaybecomingtoastop.（法國以浪漫的問候而聞名。他們觸摸對(duì)方的臉頰，發(fā)出親吻的聲音。但現(xiàn)在，這種習(xí)慣可能會(huì)停止。）”可知，法國可能會(huì)停止親吻臉頰的問候方式。故選A項(xiàng)。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四部分的句子“…intheweekbeforeEaster,knownasHolyWeek,thefaithful(信徒)queueuptokissthehandsorfeetofsculpturesoftheVirginMaryandthesaints,seekingtheirprotection.It'ssaidthattheceremonycouldbebanned.（在復(fù)活節(jié)前的一周，也就是圣周，信徒們排隊(duì)親吻圣母瑪利亞和圣徒雕像的手或腳，尋求他們的保護(hù)。據(jù)說這個(gè)儀式可能會(huì)被禁止。）”可知，在西班牙，圣周儀式可能會(huì)被禁止。故選B項(xiàng)。5．C6．A7．D8．D【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師Martin一起用3D打印機(jī)打印假肢幫助殘疾人的善行。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“SoAndersontalkedtohisscienceteacher,Dr.HollyMartin.Heaskediftheycouldbuildaprosthetictogether.(Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師HollyMartin博士談了談。他問他們是否可以一起做一個(gè)假體)”可知，Anderson想和科學(xué)老師一起做假肢。故選C項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“HisnameisCornelCrismaru,wholosthisleg,handandpartofhisarm.(他的名字是CornelCrismaru，他失去了他的腿，手和部分手臂)”可知，Crismaru身體殘缺。故選A項(xiàng)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“SoonAndersonhadanideatosolvethisproblem.Hereachedouttoa3-DprintingcompanyinWoodstock,Georgia.Thecompanyagreedtohelp.(很快，Anderson想到了一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。他聯(lián)系了喬治亞州伍德斯托克的一家3D打印公司。該公司同意提供幫助)”可知，Anderson找到一家3D打印公司解決問題。故選D項(xiàng)。8．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師Martin一起用3D打印機(jī)打印假肢幫助殘疾人的善行，結(jié)合最后一段“Martinsaidshehopeschildrenandgrown-upswhohearaboutAndersonsprojectswillrealizethatitmaybehardtochangetheworld,buttheycanstartwithsmallacts.Someofthesecanhelpapersoninahugeway.(Martin說，她希望聽到Anderson計(jì)劃的孩子和成年人能意識(shí)到，改變世界可能很難，但他們可以從小事做起。一些小事也可以給個(gè)人帶來巨大的影響)”可推知，小小善行也能帶來巨大的影響(makeabigdifference)。故選D項(xiàng)。9．B10．B11．D12．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型隱形墨水，介紹了其工作原理以及特性。9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Allyouneedforthissecret-messaginginktoworkistowritewith”以及后文“onasuper-hi-techpieceofpapercoatedwithspecialchemicals”可知，要想讓這種秘密信息墨水發(fā)揮作用，你只需要在涂有特殊化學(xué)物質(zhì)的超級(jí)高科技紙張上用這種墨水來寫字。故it指的是“墨水”。故選B。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenthemessagehasbeenreadandneedstobehiddenagain,getoutyourhairdryer,andblowsomewarmaironthepaper.Thenthemessagewillbeerasedandthepapercanbereused,whichkeepscostslow.(當(dāng)你讀過留言，又需要把它藏起來的時(shí)候，拿出吹風(fēng)機(jī)，在紙上吹一些暖風(fēng)。然后信息會(huì)被抹去，紙張可以重復(fù)使用，這樣成本就很低了)”可知，當(dāng)你在紙上吹一些溫暖的空氣時(shí)，水的信息就會(huì)被抹去。故選B。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Usinghotairfromahairdryerfor15-30seconds,youwereabletoreusethespecialpaperasmanyas30timesbecausetheheatreorganizedthechemicalstructureofthepapercoating.(使用吹風(fēng)機(jī)的熱風(fēng)15到30秒，你可以重復(fù)使用這種特殊的紙多達(dá)30次，因?yàn)闊崃恐亟M了紙涂層的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，這種特殊的紙最多可以重復(fù)使用30次。故選D。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Scientistshavediscoveredanewkindofinvisibleink.Itiscalledwater.Allyouneedforthissecret-messaginginktoworkistowritewithitonasuper-hi-techpieceofpapercoatedwithspecialchemicals.ShineaUVlightonthecoatedpaperandthewatermessagebecomesvisible.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新型的隱形墨水。它叫水。要想讓這種秘密信息墨水發(fā)揮作用，你只需要在涂有特殊化學(xué)物質(zhì)的超級(jí)高科技紙張上寫字。用紫外光照射在銅版紙上，水的信息就會(huì)清晰可見)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一種新型隱形墨水，介紹了其工作原理以及特性?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“一種新型隱形墨水”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。13．D14．C15．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了五種提高注意力的方法。13．根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處的句子是第一種提高注意力的方法。根據(jù)空格后的句子“MakesuretheTVandradioareoff.Turnyourphoneonsilent.Ifyoudon’tneedtheInternetforyourstudying,turnyourWiFioffsoyouwon’tgetdistracted（確保電視和收音機(jī)已關(guān)閉。請(qǐng)將手機(jī)靜音。如果你不需要上網(wǎng)學(xué)習(xí)，請(qǐng)關(guān)閉WiFi，以免分心）”可知，第一種方法就是把電子產(chǎn)品關(guān)掉，以免分心。所以D項(xiàng)“Avoiddistractionsbylimitingelectronics（通過限制電子設(shè)備來避免分心）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。14．根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是第三種提高注意力的方法。而根據(jù)該部分的以下句子“Asyoureadthematerial,askyourselfaboutwhatyou’vejustreadtocheckyourcomprehension(理解力).Takenotesbywritingdownthechapterheadingsandthenmakeafewbulletpointsforeachonewithkeyinformation.（在閱讀材料時(shí)，問問自己剛剛讀了什么，以檢查自己的理解力,通過寫下章節(jié)標(biāo)題做筆記，然后用關(guān)鍵信息為每個(gè)章節(jié)做幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)。）”可知，提高注意力的方法是在閱讀的時(shí)候要問自己問題并做筆記。所以C項(xiàng)“Askyourselfquestionsasyoureadandtakenotes.（在閱讀和做筆記時(shí)問自己問題）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。15．根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是第五種提高注意力的方法。根據(jù)空格后的句子“Sleepisthebestingredient(要素)tohelpyoufocus.Stayinguplatestudyingonschoolnightsisnotagoodideaforlong-termsuccess.Lackofsleeppreventsyoufromfocusingandreducesyourabilitytorememberwhatyouhavelearned.（睡眠是幫助你集中注意力的最好的要素。熬夜學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)于長期的成功來說不是一個(gè)好主意。睡眠不足會(huì)妨礙你集中注意力，降低你記住所學(xué)內(nèi)容的能力。）”可知，該部分主要講的是睡眠對(duì)注意力的重要性。所以B項(xiàng)“Makesureyougetenoughsleepeverynight.（確保你每晚都有充足的睡眠）”填入空格處，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。16．A17．B18．B19．C20．D21．A22．D23．C24．B25．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Jim和Bob兩人去爬山，Bob跌倒受傷，無法動(dòng)彈，Jim選擇一直陪伴同伴并最終帶他安全返回的故事。16．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：早上，兩個(gè)男孩決定自己去爬大教堂山，而他們的父母則在露營地休息。A.climb攀登；B.clean清潔；C.describe描述；D.protect保護(hù)。根據(jù)下文“Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetopsuccessfully.”可知，Jim和Bob自己去爬大教堂山。故選A項(xiàng)。17．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：早上，兩個(gè)男孩決定自己去爬大教堂山，而他們的父母則在露營地休息。A.friends朋友；B.parents父母；C.guides指南；D.workers工人。根據(jù)上文“LastSaturday,twoteenagers,JimandBob,wenttotheRockymountainswiththeirparentsfortheweekend.”可知，Jim和Bob是和父母去的落基山脈，結(jié)合“bythemselves”可知，他們兩人去爬山，父母則在露營地休息。故選B項(xiàng)。18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)他們爬下山時(shí)，麻煩開始了。A.noise噪音；B.trouble麻煩；困難；C.blame責(zé)怪；D.quarrel爭吵。根據(jù)下文“Bobfellthreemetersoffthepath.”可知，下山時(shí)遇到麻煩。故選B項(xiàng)。19．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的右腿受了重傷，不能動(dòng)彈。A.breathe呼吸；B.eat吃；C.move移動(dòng)；D.speak談話。根據(jù)上文“Hewasbadlyinjuredinhisrightleg”可知，Bob右腿受了重傷，無法移動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。20．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，男孩們沒有回來，他們的父母非常擔(dān)心。A.relaxed放松的；B.bored無聊的；C.pleased高興的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)上文“Whentheboysdidn’treturnthatevening”可知，孩子們沒回營地，父母會(huì)非常擔(dān)心。故選D項(xiàng)。21．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他們與公園工作人員取得聯(lián)系，并開始尋找孩子們。A.searchingfor搜尋；B.lookingafter照顧；C.shoutingat對(duì)……大喊；D.cheeringup使振奮。結(jié)合上文“Theygotintouchwithparkworkers”和常識(shí)可知，他們的父母聯(lián)系公園工作人員，開始搜尋孩子。故選A項(xiàng)。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在等待救援的時(shí)候，吉姆給了鮑勃食物和水，讓他躺在夾克上，讓他更舒服。A.confident自信的；B.careful仔細(xì)的；C.lovely可愛的；D.comfortable令人舒適的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ethimlieonhisjacket”可知，Jim讓Bob躺在夾克上，是為了讓他更舒服。故選D項(xiàng)。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：天越來越黑了，鮑勃告訴吉姆回到營地，但吉姆仍然沒有離開。A.wait等候；B.refuse拒絕；C.leave離開；D.appear出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)副詞“still”以及下文可知，盡管Bob讓Jim返回營地，但Jim沒有l(wèi)ike。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：四個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們終于到達(dá)了營地。A.Generally普遍地；B.Finally終于；C.Quickly快速地；D.Usually通常地。根據(jù)“afterfourhours”可知，他們經(jīng)過很長時(shí)間才最終到達(dá)營地。故選B項(xiàng)。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑勃感謝吉姆救了他的命，說這是一個(gè)人能為朋友做的最偉大的事情。A.life生命；B.money錢；C.time時(shí)間；D.energy精力。根據(jù)上文的講述和下文“sayingthatisthegreatestthingapersoncandoforhisfriend.”可知，Bob遇險(xiǎn)，Jim堅(jiān)持守在身邊，最終救了他的命。故選A項(xiàng)。26．that##which27．normally28．tofind29．for30．gives31．a(chǎn)32．types33．is34．them35．a(chǎn)mazing【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文揭示了蜜蜂之間是如何傳遞信息來覓食的。26．考查定語從句。句意：他們有一種高度發(fā)達(dá)的語言，不同于其他動(dòng)物的語言。本句是限定性定語從句，先行詞是language，空處是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中作主語，指物，可用that或which，故填that或which。27．考查副詞。句意：他們通常會(huì)互相傳遞重要的信息，告訴對(duì)方去哪里找食物?？仗幨歉痹~，修飾后面的動(dòng)詞pass，根據(jù)英文提示，故填normally。28．考查不定式。句意：他們通常會(huì)互相傳遞重要的信息，告訴對(duì)方去哪里找食物。本處是疑問詞where加不定式構(gòu)成的不定式短語作about的賓語，表示“去哪里做……”故填tofind。29．考查介詞。句意：一只搜尋蜜蜂出去尋找新的食物供應(yīng)。lookfor是固定搭配，譯為“尋找”，符合句意，故填for。30．考查并列句。句意：她回到家，把她的信息告訴了那里的工蜂。and連接兩個(gè)并列句，有兩個(gè)謂語，共用一個(gè)主語，謂語在時(shí)態(tài)和語法上應(yīng)保持一致，由returns可知空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)英文提示，故填gives。31．考查冠詞。句意：然后她跳了一支舞，向工蜂傳遞更多的信息。dance作名詞、譯為“舞蹈”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，本處是其單數(shù)形式；在此處泛指“一支舞”，前面應(yīng)加不定冠詞a，故填a。32．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：有兩種類型的舞蹈來告訴對(duì)方關(guān)于食物：“搖擺”舞蹈和“圓圈”舞蹈。由基數(shù)詞two可知，空處是名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)英文提示，故填types。33．考查時(shí)態(tài)和系動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)食物供應(yīng)接近家的時(shí)候，搜尋蜜蜂會(huì)跳圓圈舞?？仗幨莣hen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的謂語，supply在表示“供應(yīng)”時(shí)是抽象名詞，作不可數(shù)名詞用，故空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式，全文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。34．考查人稱代詞。句意：然而，舞蹈沒有給他們?nèi)魏沃甘??？仗幨谴~作賓語，要用賓格形式，故填them。35．考查形容詞。句意：令人驚奇的是，聰明的蜜蜂仍然知道在哪里可以找到食物?？仗幨切稳菰~作表語，表示某事物讓人吃驚，在修飾物的時(shí)候要用ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，根據(jù)英文提示，故填amazing。36．她曾經(jīng)住在澳大利亞。37．她非常了解中國和中國文化。38．Ms.GaoQianisgoodatChineseandEnglish.39．2008年，她創(chuàng)辦了一所學(xué)校，幫助貧困兒童上大學(xué)。40．Wearelookingforwardtohercoming.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章全面介紹了將為我們作演講的高倩女士。36．考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子可知，本句是簡單的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)句型，主語She“她”，時(shí)間狀語once“曾經(jīng)”，謂語動(dòng)詞lived“生活”，地點(diǎn)狀語inAustralia“在澳大利亞”。故翻譯為：她曾經(jīng)住在澳大利亞。37．考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子可知，本句是簡單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)句型，主語She“她”，謂語動(dòng)詞kno