2022屆湖南省益陽箴言高考英語押題試卷含解析

2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。.請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題L5分，滿分30分）Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes9contributionsandsacrifices,wesuchahappylife.A.wou!dn9thaveled B.wouldn'tbeleadingC.haven'tledD.arenotleading_ yousinganddanceatthislatehourofthenight?—Sorry,Iwillstoprightnow.A.May B.ShallC.WillD.Mustwithallsortsofaffairs,themanagerhadlittletimetohaveagoodsleep.A.Occupying B.BeingoccupiedC.OccupiedD.HavingoccupiedAfterclass,theteachercouldn'tleave,bythestudents.A.surrounded B.tosurroundC.wassurroundedD.surroundingBythesideoftheteachingbuildingofourschool,whichwascompletedin2009.A.therestandingthelibrary B.doesthelibrarystandC.thelibrarystands D.standsthelibraryNotuntiltheyleftschoolhowmuchtheirteacherslovedthemandhelpedthem.A.theyrealized B.didtheyrealizedC.thewouldrealizedD.hadtheyrealizedItiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeintermsofoverallquality.A.supported B.matchedC.evaluatedD.controlledItiswellknown ConfuciuswasborninthecityofQufuinShandongprovince,China.A.whether B.whereC.thatD.what—DoyouknowwhatEUstandsfor,Tommy?一Sure.ItstandsfortheEuropeanUnion,Europeanpoliticalandeconomicorganizationthatencouragestradeandfriendshipbetweencountriesthataremembers.A.an;theB.a;theC.the;/D.an;/Sometimeswehavetofaceembarrassingmomentswecanonlykeepsilent.A.who B.whichC.whenD.whyThey'veseenmanyfamousscholarsintheconference.HowIwishIit!A.haveattended B.willattendC.wouldattendD.hadattendedWehadwantedtosurpriseFatherwithabirthdaygift,butmysisterbyaskinghimwhathewouldlike.A.lickedherlips B.ateherwordsC.spiltthebeans D.pulledhislegThefilmMeiLanfang,LiMingplaysthestarringrole,hasagaindrawntheworld'sattentiontoourtraditionalChineseart.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where—IntheUK,somepeopleequatelifeexperiencewiththenumberofstampsintheirpassports.—Thafswhytheyallagreethattheythe“travelbug".A.catchB.caughtC.havecaughtD.aretocatchAfghansusedtoholdbigweddings,costingthousandsofdollars,inacountytheaverageannualincomeislessthan$400.A.which B.whose C.where D.what—CouldyouturntheTVdownalittlebit?—.Isitdisturbingyou?A.Takeiteasy.B.rmsorry.C.NotabitD.Itdepends—Hey!EveryoneintheofficewasatthedinnerpartyinhonorofMr.Charlesexceptyou.Whathappened?—IafterMike,mycolleague.Hewasbadlyill.A.havelookedB.waslookingC.wouldlookD.hadlookedComeoffit!Oversleepingisaslameanexcuseasother.A.one B.eachC.someD.anyAsoftenhappensafterlongsleeplessness,hewasbyanunreasoningpanic.A.seizedB.fascinatedC.impressedD.embarrassed—WhorecommendedNancyforthepost?—ItwasJamesadmirationforherwasobvious.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whom第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（6分）Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern,rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation（森林濫伐）oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction,thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources,andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However,thisdestructioncanbeslowed,stopped,andinsomecasesevenreversed（逆轉(zhuǎn)）.Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved,butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic,political,andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So,whatshouldbedone?Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical,notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable（可持續(xù)的）useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests,effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed,asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions,closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor,norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.1、Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?Humans'destroyingthetrees.Carbonsinksbeingreduced.Lackingrenewableresources.Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.2、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.Economicreturnscanmakesomedifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.3、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?A.Indifferent.Concerned.Doubtful.Puzzled.4、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.（8分）ItwaslateAugustwhenIgotacallfromagrandmother.ShelivesinSeeleyLake,Montana,andshehasheardwehaveairpurifiers（凈化器）withhigh-efficiencyparticulateair（HEPA）air-cleanersthatcanhelpwithsmoke.Sheneedsoneforthebaby'sroom.Iexplainedwedidn'thaveanyandtoldherhowtopurchaseone.Shecoughedandwentsilentwithdisappointmentbeforeaskinghowmuchtheycost.AlmosteverypersonItalktoinSeeleyLakehasthiscough."Thefamilydoesn'thavemuchmoney,”shesaid,butshepromisedtoorderafilterforthechild.Smallfilters-onesthatcancleanabedroomofupto75squarefeet-costabout$70each.Thenextday,thewildfirethathadbeenburningforweeksintheLoloNationalForest,northeastoftown,movedclosertothewoman'sneighborhood,andthecountysheriff'sofficeevacuated（疏散）thearea.Iwonderedwhethertheair-cleanerwouldbetherewhenthefamilyreturnedhome.Iknewthesmokewouldbe.Asanair-qualityspecialistwiththeMissoulaCity-CountyHealthDepartmentinMontana,myjobistounderstandairpollution,controlitasmuchaspossible,andhelppeopleprotectthemselvesfromitseffects.Ifocusonsmokemanagement:issuingpermitsforoutdoorburnsandupdatingresidentsaboutwhattoexpectfromthesmokewhenwildfiressenditourway.Neverhadweseensomanywildfiressoclosetohomeforsomanyweeks.TherearesixclassesontheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency'sAirQualityIndex（指數(shù)）：good,moderate,unhealthyforsensitivegroups,unhealthy,veryunhealthy,anddangerous.SeeleyLake'sairreacheddangerousclassin18dayslastsummer.Lastyearwastroubledbywildfiresaroundthecountry.ThefiresthatstruckNorthernCaliforniaalonekilled44peopleandcausedmorethan$9billionindamage.Butthisisn'tjustarecentproblem,norisitlimitedtotheWest.Wildfireshit49statesin2017,includingaswathfromFloridatoVirginia.Morethan9millionacresburnednationwide,comparedwiththeyearlyaverageof6.5millionacres.1、Whydidthegrandmothermakeacalltotheauthor?A.Topreventthewildfire.B?Tohelphermakeamove.lbaskforanairpurifier.Togetinformationaboutairpollution.2、Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheauthor'sreply?A.Angry. B.Hopeful.C.Excited. D.Disappointed.3、What'stheauthor、purposeofwritingparagraph5?Toaddsomebackgroundinformation.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.lbmakethereadersrealizethesituation.Comparedwiththeyearlyaverage,theburnedacresnationwidein2017roseby.A.about49% B.about38%C.about72% D.about52%23.（8分）GreatholidaysinEurope!Doyoulikethebeachbutwantabitmore?ThencomeonanActiveBeachholidayatoneofourcentersinGreece,TurkeyorCroatia.Allthecentersarenearbeautifulbeachesandalloffersailing,windsurfingorwaterskiingwithourexcellentinstructors.Forachangefromthewater,youcanalsobookashorttriptoanearbyvillageandvisitthecolorfulmarketsoreatinalocalrestaurant.Attheendoftheday,relaxinyourhotelroomordancethenightawayatoneofouropen-airclubs.WhowasKingArthur?Wheredidhelive?Joinusonafive-dayUKRoadTripholiday.ImaginelifehundredsofyearsagoaswevisitancientStonehenge,RomanBathandTintagelCastle,thehomeofKingArthur.Learnthehistoryoftheseinterestingplacesfromyourguideasyoutravelinoneofourfamousbluecoaches.Intheeveningswestopatsomeofthebestyouthhostelsinthecountry.Theyhaveeverythingyouneed,youdon*tevenneedtopackasleepingbag!Areyouboredwiththeusualholidays?Doyouwanttodosomethingyoureallyenjoy?ThenFameCampisforyou!SpendaweekatHightreeHouseinYorkshireandlearnhowtoplaythepiano,violinandguitar!Bringyourtentandstayatacampsitenearthehouse.Attheendoftheweektryyournewskillsinaliveperformance.Howmanycountriescanyouseein21days?OnourExploreEuropeholiday,youcanseeten!Learnaboutthemfromourbestguidesasyouwatchthemgopastfromthewindowofanair-conditionedcoachandstayatsomeofEurope'stopcampsitesontheway.Ofcourse,we'llalsohavetimetodotheimportantthingssuchasvisitingtheEiffelTowerinParis,the.historicSistineChapelinVaticanandeatingapplestrudelinVienna.Formoreinformationaboutanyoftheseholidays,call08453334523orvisitwww,comewithusuk,com.1、TouristswhogoonanActiveBeachholiday.candosomewatersportscancookbythemselveswillenjoyanopen-airconcertshouldbringtheirownsleepingbags2、IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutTintagelCastle,whichholidayshouldyoutake?A. FameCamp. B. ActiveBeach.C. UKRoadTrip. D. ExploreEurope.3、WhatcanwelearnaboutExploreEurope?A. Itlasts10days. B. Itisacoachtour.C. Itisaself-guidedtour. D. Itgoespast21countries.24.（8分）Beesareunimaginablyterritorial（有地盤意識的）,fightingtodeathtodefendtheirhomewithpainfulstings（螫刺）.Butkillerbeesareparticularlyfierce.TheyappearedafterAfricanbeeswereimportedtoBrazilinthe1950s.Bythe1980s,theyhadspreadnorthtotheUnitedStates,outgunningnativebeesalongtheway.Theirmassiveattackshavekilledmorethan1,000people.MarioPalma,abiochemistatSaoPauloStateUniversityinRioClaro,Brazil,whostudiessocialbehaviorinbees,wantedtounderstandthebasisofthisaggression.Soheandhiscolleaguesswungablackleatherballinfrontofsomekillerbeesandcollectedthebeeswhosestingersgotstuckintheballduringtheattack.Theyalsocollectedkillerbeesthatremainedinthecell.Theanalysissuggestedthatkillerbeebrainshavetwoproteinsthat—intheaggressivebees—quicklybreakintopiecestoformaso-called^neuropeptide（神經(jīng)肽）“，theyreportedthisweekintheJournalofProteomeResearch.Palmaandhiscolleaguesalreadyknewthatbeebrainshavethesetwoproteins.uWewereastonishedwhenweidentifiedsomeverysimpleneuropeptides,whichwereproducedinafewseconds,MPalmasaid.Killerbeesthatremainedinthecelldidnotmaketheseneuropeptides,hereported.Andwhenhisteamputtheseneuropeptidesintoyoung,lessaggressivebees,they“becameaggressivelikeolderindividuals".Palmaaddedthattheseneuropeptidesalsoincreasetheproductionofenergyandalarmchemicals.Theycouldalsoencouragethenervecellsinkillerbeesneededtomakethestingingattack.uThereisafinebiochemicalregulationinthekillerbeebrain,Mhesaid.Researchershavefoundtheseneuropeptidesinotherinsects,butfewhadassociatedthemwith“fight”behavior.1、Whatisspecialaboutbees?Theyareparticularlyfierce. B.Theyshowterritorialbehavior.C.TheywereimportedtoBrazil. D.Theyliveinharmonywithotherinsects.2、WhydidPalmaandhiscolleaguesperformtheexperiment?A.Tounderstandbees'socialbehavior.Tostudywhykillerbeesareaggressive.Toprovebeesloveflyingaround.Tolearnhowbeescommunicatewitheachother.3、Whatfindingsurprisedtheresearchersduringtheexperiment?Therearetwoproteinsinkillerbeebrains.Youngkillerbeesarefiercerthanolderones.Thekillerbeesmakeanattackimmediately.Killerbeebrainsproduceneuropeptidequickly.4、Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?Theformoftheseneuropeptidesinkillerbees.Thefunctionoftheseneuropeptidesinotherinsects.Theapplicationofthesescientificmethodsinotherinsects.Theproductionofenergyandalarmchemicalsinkillerbees.25.（10分）AgirlbecameavolunteerintheactivitiesofDeathbedCare,whichmeantvisitingandtakingcareofapatientsufferingfromanincurablediseasewithdaysnumbered.Thegirlwasassignedtolookafteranoldmansufferingfromcancerwhosechildrenlivedabroad.Theirlivingconditionswerenotsatisfactorywhiletheoldmanhadalotofsavings.Shewasexpectedtocomforthimandkeepuphisspirits.EverySaturdaythegirlcameontimetokeephiscompany,tellinghimstories.Whenhewashavinganintravenousdrip（靜脈滴注）,shewouldhelpmassagehisarms.Thedoctorfoundthepatientmuchimprovedmentally.Theoldmanbegantoinvolvehimselfactivelyinthemedicaltreatmentandheseldomshoutedatothers.Butsomethingthathappenedmadethedoctoruneasyandpuzzled.Eachtimethegirlleft,theoldmanwouldgivehersomemoney.Thedoctordidnothingtointerfere（干涉）,unwillingtooffendtheoldman.Amonthlatertheoldmanshowedevidentsignsofdeclineaftersufferingcoma（昏迷）afewtimes.Whenrescuedfromthelatestcoma,theoldmantoldthedoctorhislastwish,u1havedeepsympathyforthegirl.Willyoubekindenoughtohelpherfinishherstudies?”Butthedoctorknewthatherfamilywaswell-offandshehadnodifficultypursuingherstudies.Sometimessheevencametothehospitalinherfather'scar.Whenthegirlcameattheweekendafterthedeathoftheoldman,thedoctortoldherthebadnews.Shewasverysadandburstintotears.Thenshehanded$500tothedoctor,saying,MTheoldmanhadallalongthought1cametodothejobbecauseofpoverty.HegavememoneysothatIcouldcontinuemyschooling."Nowhegottheanswertothepuzzle.Inthelastperiodofhislife,theoldmanfounditarealpleasuretobeabletohelpagirlbadlyinneed.1、WhatkindofpeopledovolunteersattendtoinDeathbedCare?Thepatientinneedofoperations.B?Thepeoplesufferingfromcancer.C.Thepeoplesufferingfromdiseases.D.Thepatientwithoutmanydaysleft.2、WhatcanweinferabouttheoldmanaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Hehadabundantsavingsandhewascheerful.Hefrequentlylosthistemperbeforehemetthegirl.Hewassufferingfromcancerandhelpedapoorgirl.Heaskedthedoctortohelpthegirlfinishherstudy.3、Whatistherealreasonresultingintheoldman'smentalimprovement?Hischildren'sprogressintheircareer.TheintravenousdripthathehadeverySaturday.Thepleasureofbeinghelpfultopeopleinneed.ThegirPsgoodcomfortandcareinhisdailylife.4、Whydidthegirltaketheoldman'smoney?Tokeephiminhighspirits.Tocontinueherschooling.Togatherexperienceonvoluntarywork.lbinvolvehimactivelyinthetreatment.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.（30分）“ThisFridaywellhavetheyearlyEggDropChallenge,saidourscienceteacher,Mr.baker."Youcanworkaloneorwithapartner.”Myfriend,Cassie,andIsmiledateachother.Wealwaysworkedonprojects1 .The2ofthechallengewassimple-tobuildaprotectivecontainertokeepaneggfrombreakingwhen3thestadiumwall.ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.4thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.“1haveabrilliantdesignforour5container!^IsaidwhenCassiearrived.uWecan6theeggwithsomebutter-cream.“Whynotputtheegginabasketwithaparachute（降落傘）7 ?”Cassierolledhereyes."Theparachuteisbetterthanthatstupididea.”Icouldn'tbelieveit.Ofcourse,we'dhadourlittle8inthepast,but§he'dnevercalledanyofmyideas“ 9 "before.“ThenVWbuildmineandyoubuildyours!”10wordshadbeenout,ourfriendshipwaschallenged.WhenFridayfinallyarrived,Ihadto11Cassie,sEggForceOnelookedprettygood.12 ,myEgg-cellentEggCreamdidn'tlookquitescientific.Wekidscarriedourcontainersupthreestadiumstepsanddroppedthemoverthesidewall.Thosewhoseeggsbrokewereout;thosewhoseeggssurvived13threemorestepsanddroppedthemagain.Thiswouldgoontillthelasteggbroke.Afterfourrounds,onlyCassieandIwere14 ,Iletgoofmybox.Iheardsomeonesay"ew"afterseconds.Hadmyeggbroken?Iraceddownthe15 ,Thesidewalkwasdottedwitheggshellsfromthose16drops.FinallyIfoundmylittleEgg-cellentEggCream.MThatlookslikeeggdropsoup,Laura,“Cassiesaid.ShewasholdingherEggForceOne.My17raced.Hadshewon?Ilookedatherbasket. 18 .“Myeggbounced（彈起） 19 ,飛heexplained,pointingtoabrokenshell.“Atie,"Mr?Bakersaid.Cassielookedatme,andherglare20 ,Ilaughed.Shesmiled...1、A.patientlyB.silentlyC.togetherD.alone2、A.functionB.goalC?reasonD.result3、A.rolleddownB.pushedagainstC.thrownatD.droppedover4、A.SpreadingB.BoilingC.BakingD.Holding5、A.butterB.sandwichC.creamD?egg6、A.protectB.replaceC.carryD.mix7、A.followedB.coveredC.attachedD.supported8、A.ideasB.fightsC.worriesD.challenges9、A.wrongB.stupidC.brilliantD.scientific10、A.SinceB.WhileC.ButD?And11、A.explainB.denyC.admitD.prove12、A.ThereforeB.AnywayC.OtherwiseD.Besides13、A.paceddownB.turnedaroundc.walkedupD.wentback14、A.leftB.wantedc.chosenD.discovered15、A.stepsB.wayc.wallD.sidewalk16、A.intendedB.unexpectedc.failedD.desired17、A.eyesB.handsc.feetD.heart18、A.LostB.Dirtyc.BrokenD.Empty19、A.aroundB.outc.inD.down20、A.returnedB.remainedc.increasedD.softened第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（15分）TheBattleofWaterloo,which1.（take）placeinBelgiumin1815,markedthefinaldefeatofFrenchmilitaryleaderandemperorNapoleon,2,conqueredmuchofcontinentalEuropein3,early19thcentury.NapoleonrosethroughtheranksoftheFrencharmyduringtheFrenchRevolution,4?（seize）controloftheFrenchgovernmentin17995.becameemperorin1804.Throughaseriesof6.（war）,heexpandedhisempireacrosswesternand7.（center）Europe.However,adisastrousinvasionofRussialed8.hisabdication（退位）andexile（流放）in1814.HereturnedtoFrancein1815andbrieflyresumedpower.TheBattleofWaterloo,inwhichNapoleon'sforces9.（defeat）bytheBritishandPrussians,signaledtheendof10.（he）reign（統(tǒng)治）andtheendofFrance飛dominationinEurope.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的間用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多若（從第11處起）不計分。Inordertosavetheplanetorraisepublicawarenessofenvironmentalissues,a"UsedBookDonationCampaign”willearnedoutinourschoolnextmonth、Anyusedbookwenolongerneeditcanbedonated、AllthecollectedbookwillbedonatedtosomechildrenwholivedinpoormountainousareasofWes,China、I'msurethiscampaignwillhaveag