譯林版牛津高中英語模塊三unit1-grammar-名詞性從句

譯林版牛津高中英語模塊三unit1-grammar-名詞性從句譯林版牛津高中英語模塊三unit1-grammar-名詞性從句譯林版牛津高中英語模塊三unit1-grammar-名詞性從句xxx公司譯林版牛津高中英語模塊三unit1-grammar-名詞性從句文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度GRAMMAR――――名詞性從句定義：名詞性從句是由if,whether,that,how和各種疑問詞充當連接詞所引導的從句，其功能同名詞一樣。二、類型：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句(請說出以下句子中的畫線部分在句子中充當?shù)某煞?1.Whenwe’llholdthesportsmeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.2.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomanypeople..3.Hewonderifhecouldusemybike.4.Iamthinkingaboutwhowillbegiventhejob.5.Thathehaswonthefirstprizeistrue.6.Myparents’wishisthatIcangotoakeyuniversity.7.Theyarediscussingtheproblemwhethertheyshouldban(禁止)fishinginthelake.8.TheproblemishowIcangetintouchwiththem.9.Itisnotclearwhethershewillattendhiswedding.10.Ihavenoideawhenhewouldreturn.三、用法1、主語從句：在復合句中做主句的主語。引導詞有連詞that(that不可省),whether;代詞有who,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等。如:A.Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.(Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.)B.WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)2.賓語從句：在復合句中做主句的賓語.引導詞有連詞that(that?？墒÷?,whether,if;代詞有who,whose,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等。如:A.Webelieve(that)heishonest.B.Itoldhim(that)Iwouldcomebacksoon.C.Hesaid(that)hewouldgotherethenextdayandthathisfamilywouldn’tgothere.3、表語從句：在復合句中做主句的表語.引導詞有連詞that(that不可省),whether;代詞有who,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等。如:A.Theproblemisthatwedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.B.ThisishowHenrysolvedtheproblem.C.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.(如果句子的主語是suggestion,advice,order等名詞時,后面引導的表語從句用should+動詞原形,should可省略.)4、同位語從句：在句中起同位語的作用.一般放在名詞fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞。引導詞有連that；少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞等。如：A.Thethoughtthatwemightsuccessexcitedus.B.Theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.C.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.(如果名詞suggestion,advice.order等詞后的同位語從句的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形,should可省略.)四、注意1、注意that的用法(that引導名詞性從句時在從句中不做任何成分，也沒有具體的意義。其他連接詞在引導從句時都做相應的成分并有具體的意思。)①主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中用that但不能省略。如：

A.That

they

are

good

at

English

is

known

to

us

all.

B.The

problem

is

that

we

don’t

have

enough

money.

C.She

expressed

the

hope

that

they

would

come

to

China

one

day.②賓語從句中的連接詞that有時可省有時又不可省，在以下幾種情況中that不能省略：當that從句和主句謂語動詞之間有插入詞語或者從句主語之間有插入語時，that不可省略；當that

從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，that不能??；當that作介詞賓語時，that不可省掉。如：

A.He

judged

thatbecause

he

was

a

child,

he

did

not

understandwhathehadsaid.

B.Everyone

knew

what

happened

and

that

she

was

worried.

C.The

reason

lies

in

that

she

works

harder

than

the

others

do.

③that從句做主語和賓語時，可以用it

來替換成以下幾種結構表達。

(A)It

is

clear/certain/likely/true/surprising

that…(B)It

is

a

pity/shame/good

idea/no

wonder

that

...(C)It

is

said/reported/

believed/known/thought/suggested

that

…(DIt

seems/happens

that。如：

It

happened

that

I

went

out

last

night.

It

is

said

that

China

will

win

in

the

World

Cup.2、注意同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：A.從句前都有一個名詞B.定語從句中關系詞代替先行詞在從句中做成分;而在同位語從句中連接詞不做成分。C.定語從句是對前面的名詞進行修飾，同位語從句是對前面的名詞進行解釋說明。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位語從句）我們隊取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定語從句）你告訴我們的消息真的令人鼓舞Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.They

put

forward

the

question

where

they

could

get

the

money.

This

is

the

place

where

the

accident

happened.

3、whether和if的用法①whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時連接詞一般用whether。如：

It

all

depends

on

whether

they

will

come

back.

②后面直接跟or

not

時用whether。如：

I

didn’t

know

whether

or

not

he

had

arrived

in

Wuhan..

③主語從句，表語從句，同位語從句中只能用whether。如：

Whether

the

meeting

will

be

put

off

has

not

been

decided

yet.

The

question

is

whether

they

have

so

much

money.

We

ought

to

discuss

carefully

the

question

whether

we

can

do

it

or

not.④whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動詞不定式連用但if不能。如：

The

question

of

whether

they

are

male

or

female

is

not

important.

I

have

not

decided

whether

to

go

or

not.

⑤whether可引導一個讓步狀語從句表示“不管”、“無論”，而if不能。If表示“如果”時，不能用whether。如：

Whether

he

comes

or

not,

we

will

begin

our

party

on

time.

IfIhaveenoughtime,Iwillplayfootball.4、疑問詞

+

ever和no

matter

+

疑問詞的區(qū)別：

①疑問詞

+

ever可引導名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當一定的部分。如：

Whoever

breaks

the

rule

must

be

punished.

You

can

choose

whatever

you

like

in

the

shop.

②疑問詞

+

ever還可引導讓步狀語從句。如：

Whoever

breaks

the

rule,

he

must

be

punished,

Whatever

you

do,

you

must

do

it

well.

③no

matter

+

疑問詞只能引導讓步狀語從句。如：

No

matter

what

you

do,

you

must

do

it

well.

No

matter

who

breaks

the

rule,

he

must

be

punished.

5、名詞性從句中主句和從句的時態(tài)一致、主謂一致、語序。賓語從句中主句和從句的時態(tài)保持一致，但如果從句中表示提示的是客觀現(xiàn)象，雖然主句是過去時態(tài)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

Hello,I

didn’t

know

you

were

in

London.

How

long

have

you

been

here?

The

teacher

told

us

that

light

travels

at

a

very

high

speed.

主語從句做主語相當于單數(shù)第三人稱作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如果由and

連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：

When

the

meeting

will

begin

has

not

been

decided

yet.

When

they

will

start

and

where

they

go

have

not

been

decided

yet.

When

and

where

the

meeting

will

begin

has

not

been

decided.

名詞性從句在句中要用陳述句語序。如：

He

asked

me

what

was

the

matter

with

me.

We’ve

heard

the

news

that

well

move

into

the

new

house.

Whatever

you

say

will

interest

us

all.

6、幾個固定句式：①強調句Itis/was+強調部分＋that…….(如果強調部分是疑問詞)eg.Whois