常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯

常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：Aacceptor受體acetate醋酸鹽；醋酸根acetyl乙酰基．a(chǎn)ctin肌動(dòng)蛋白actinomycinD放線菌素Dactivation活化；激活activesite活性中心adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adheringjunctings粘著連接adhesion粘著；附著adjacent毗鄰的adrenal腎上腺的,腎上腺affinity親和；吸引agar瓊脂，洋菜agarose瓊脂糖agency媒介agent劑aggregate聚合體albumin白蛋白，清蛋白allelc等位基因allele等位基因突變遺傳因子allostericmodification別構(gòu)修飾allosteric別構(gòu)的Alzheimer’sdisease阿爾茨海默氏病amino氨基的～acid氨基酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶amphibian兩棲動(dòng)物amphipathic兩親的兩性的amylase淀粉酶anaerobic厭氧的analysis分析，分解analyze分析anaphase(細(xì)胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex,APC促后期復(fù)合物anarogen雄激素anatomy解剖學(xué)anionic陰離子的appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)腶pproximately近似地，大約artificialchromosome人工染色體aspartic天冬氨酸astrocyte星形(神經(jīng)膠質(zhì))，細(xì)胞asymmetric不對(duì)稱的autocatalytic自動(dòng)催化的autonomouslyreplicatingsequenceARS自主復(fù)制起序列autophagy自噬作用axon軸突Bbacteria細(xì)菌bacterialartificialchromosome,BAC細(xì)菌人工染色體bacteriophage噬菌體basalcellcarcinoma基層細(xì)胞癌base堿基basementmembrane基膜bilayer雙層binal雙重的，兩倍的，孿生的binding結(jié)合位點(diǎn)blastocoele囊胚腔blastoderm胚盤blastomere卵裂球blastula囊胚Ccancerous癌的capsid(病毒)衣殼carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖類carbonate碳酸鹽carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌劑carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的cellsecretion細(xì)胞分泌centrifuge離心機(jī)cholesterol膽固醇chromatid染色單體chromatin染色質(zhì)chromatography層析cis-actingelement

順式作用元件cis-Golginetwork,CGN高爾基內(nèi)側(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)cistron順反子clathrin-coatedvesicle披網(wǎng)格蛋白小泡clone克隆，無性系(Basidiomycetes)coelom體腔coenzyme輔酶coherent粘著的，連貫的competitiveinhibitor競爭性抵制劑complementary互補(bǔ)的，補(bǔ)充的COPIIcoatedvesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPIcoatedvesiclesCOPI被膜小泡covalence共價(jià)covalentbond共價(jià)鍵covalent共價(jià)cross-linked交聯(lián)的culture培養(yǎng)，栽培cushion緩沖緩和cyclin細(xì)胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentproteinkinases,CDK細(xì)胞周期依賴性蛋白激酶cytochrome細(xì)胞色素cytomembranesysteme膜系統(tǒng)cytoplasm細(xì)胞質(zhì)cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton細(xì)胞骨架cytosol胞液，細(xì)胞溶質(zhì)Ddegrade使降解deletion染色體的缺失denaturation變性dendrite樹突deoxyribonucleicacid脫氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脫氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose脫氧核糖dextran葡聚糖dialysis透析，滲析differentialcentrifugation差速離心differentiation分化diffusion擴(kuò)散，滲濾dilute稀釋dimensional維，度，元dimer二聚體Dockingprotein,DP

停泊蛋白dodecyl十二烷基donor供體duplicate復(fù)制dynamic動(dòng)力學(xué)的，動(dòng)態(tài)的dyneins

動(dòng)力蛋白dysentery痢疾Eedoplasmicreticulum內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)elaborate精細(xì)制作的，復(fù)雜的elasticconnectivetissue彈力結(jié)締組織electrophoresis電泳embryo胚，胚胎embryogenesis胚胎發(fā)生embryology胚胎學(xué)embryonic胚胎的encode編碼endocrine內(nèi)分泌endocytic細(xì)胞內(nèi)吞作用endocytosis胞吞作用endoderm內(nèi)胚層endomembranesystems內(nèi)膜系統(tǒng)endoplasmic內(nèi)質(zhì)的endoplasmicreticulum內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)envelope包膜，包被enzyme酶epinephrine腎上腺素epithelial上皮的epithelium上皮ERretentionsignal內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)駐留信號(hào)estrogen雌激素ethical倫理的，道德的eukaryotic真核生物的evolution進(jìn)化，進(jìn)展exonexotron外顯子extracellular細(xì)胞外的extractv.抽提Fferredoxin鐵氧化還原蛋白fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞filtration過濾作用frequency頻率，次數(shù)fruitfly果蠅function功能，作用fungi真菌fusion融合，融合體Ggalactose半乳糖galactosidase半乳糖苷酶galactoside半乳糖苷genus屬，類germlayer胚層Golgibody高爾基體Golgicomplex高爾基復(fù)合體gonad性腺，生殖腺gonadotropin促性腺激素guanine鳥嘌呤Hhaploid單倍體hereditary遺傳hereditary遺傳的heritable可遺傳的heritable可遺傳的，被遺傳的heterozygote雜合體heterozygous雜合的histone組蛋白homeostasis體內(nèi)穩(wěn)態(tài)Homo人(學(xué)名)homogenizer勻漿器homologous同源的homozygote純合體homozygous純合的hormone激素hydrophilic親水的hydrophobic疏水的hypertonic高滲的hypotonic低滲的Iidentical完全相同的，同一的immune免疫的immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunology免疫學(xué)insulin胰島素integrate整合integrity完整，完全intermediate中間的，中間產(chǎn)物Intermediate

filaments,IFs中間纖維internal內(nèi)部的，體內(nèi)的intracellular細(xì)胞內(nèi)的intricate復(fù)雜的，錯(cuò)綜的intrinsic內(nèi)部的，內(nèi)在的intron內(nèi)含子（基因內(nèi)區(qū)）isolation分離isotonic等滲的JKkaryotype核型，染色體組型kidney腎kinesins驅(qū)動(dòng)蛋白kinesis運(yùn)動(dòng)Llactose乳糖Lamina核纖層lateral側(cè)面的，橫向的lesion損害損毀病變病灶病斑病痕ligases連接酶lipoprotein脂蛋白luciferase熒光素酶lumen腔luminescence生物發(fā)光lymph淋巴lympocyte淋巴細(xì)胞lysosome溶酶體lysozyme溶菌酶lytic裂解的Mmacrophage巨噬細(xì)胞magnesium鎂malignant惡性的marrow髓，骨髓matrix基質(zhì)mechanism機(jī)制meiosis減數(shù)分裂membrane-boundorganelles膜細(xì)胞器MembraneTrafficking膜運(yùn)輸metabolism新陳代謝metaphase細(xì)胞分裂的中期microfilament微絲microglia小神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞micron微米microorganism微生物microplast微原生質(zhì)體microscope顯微鏡microtube微管microtubule微管Microtubuleorganizingcenters,MTOC微管組織中心mitosis有絲分裂mitotic有絲分裂的mitoticapparatus紡錘體又稱為有絲分裂器modification修飾，修改monomer單體Nnanometer毫微米，納米naturalselection自然選擇nervecord神經(jīng)索nerve神經(jīng)nervous神經(jīng)的neurilemma神經(jīng)膜neuroglia神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞neuroglial神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的neuron神經(jīng)元neurotransmitter神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)neutral中性的neutralize中和nickel鎳nicotinamide煙酰胺nitrate硝酸鹽nitric硝酸nitrogen氮noncoding非編碼的Nuclearenvelope

核膜nuclearexportsignals,NES核輸出信號(hào)nuclearlocalization

signals,NLS核定位信號(hào)nuclearporecomplex

核孔復(fù)合體nucleic核酸nucleolarorganizing

region,(NOR)核仁組織區(qū)nucleolus（復(fù)數(shù)nucleoli）核仁nucleoplasm核基質(zhì)nucleoprotein核蛋白nucleosome核小體核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus細(xì)胞核Oobesity肥胖的oligomer寡聚體，低聚體oligosaccharide寡糖oncogene癌基因operon操縱子optimal最適宜的，最理想的organelle細(xì)胞器，類器官organism生物體，有機(jī)體organize使成有機(jī)體organogenesis器官發(fā)生ovary子房，卵巢Ppaternal父方的父系的Phagocytosis吞噬作用phagocytize吞噬pivotal中樞的，關(guān)鍵的prolong延長prosthetic輔基protease蛋白酶QRregulatorgene調(diào)節(jié)基因resin樹脂ribonucleic核糖核酸ribose核糖ribosomalRNA核糖體RNAribosome核糖體rotational旋轉(zhuǎn)的Ssarcoma肉瘤semiconserevative半保留的sickle-cell鐮狀細(xì)胞smoothendoplasmicreticulum滑面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)sodiumdodecylsulfate十二烷基硫酸鈉solubility溶解度，可溶性soluble可溶的somatic體細(xì)胞的sonication超聲處理spiral螺旋的splice剪接spontaneous自發(fā)的steroid類固醇stroma間質(zhì)structuralgene結(jié)構(gòu)基因ssupercoil超螺旋supernatant上清液susceptible敏感的synapse突觸synergistic協(xié)作的Ttelomere端粒termination終止terminator終止子thrombin凝血酶thromboplastin促凝血酶原激酶thylakoid類囊體thymine胸腺嘧啶thymus胸腺thyroid甲狀腺的，甲狀腺thyroid-stimulatinghormone甲狀腺刺激素thyroxine甲狀腺素tick蜱tightjunctions緊密連接topography地形torsion扭轉(zhuǎn)toxicity毒性toxin毒素traceelement超微量元素tracer示蹤物tranposon