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第19頁/共19頁2022~2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期第二次大考高一英語(全卷滿分120分,考試時間100分鐘)注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上,并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。4.本卷主要考查內(nèi)容:必修第一冊U2~U4。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABullying(欺凌)canhappentoanyone.Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear,buttherearethingsthatcanbedonetohelp.Whatisbullying?Bullyingiswhensomeonemakesyoufeelbadorhurtsyouagainandagain.Bullyingcanhappenatschool,outofschoolandonline.Bullyingincludes:·callingpeoplemean(惡意的)names·laughingatpeople·tellingliesaboutpeople·takingsomeone’sthingswithoutpermission·notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup·hittingpeopleWhatiscyberbullying?Cyberbullyingincludes:·sendingbadmessagesonline·sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission·notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroup·spreadingliesonlineWhatcanyoudo?Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknowandlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.Ifyougetbadmessages,don’treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthepolice.Askanadultforhelp.Don’tshareanythingbeforeyoumakesureitistrue.Thatwillhelpstopthecyberbullying.Talktoyourparentorteacheroranadultifyouseebullyingorifyouareworriedaboutafriend.Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Andalwaysremember:thinkabouthowtobekindinthefuture.Formoreinformation,click(點擊)hereandvisitourhomepageat.1.Whichofthefollowingbehavioursisconsideredasbullying?A.Laughingwithpeople. B.Hittingpeople.C.Tellingfunnystoriesaboutpeople. D.Callingpeoplenicknames.2.Whatshouldyoudoifyou’reunkindtosomeone?A.Talkwiththepersontosaysorry. B.Forgetitandlearntobekindinthefuture.C.Sendabadmessagetotheperson. D.Turntohis/herparentsforhelp.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Atextbook. C.TheInternet. D.Asciencereport.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了校園霸凌和網(wǎng)絡(luò)霸凌的相關(guān)信息,以及遇到霸凌時該采取什么措施。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatisbullying?部分“·hittingpeople(打人)”可知,打人是欺凌行為。故選B?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatcanyoudo?部分“Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.(如果你對別人不好,就說對不起。你可以寫一條信息或者和那個人說話)”可知,如果你對某人不友好,你該和那個人說對不起。故選A?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句“Formoreinformation,click(點擊)hereandvisitourhomepageat.(欲了解更多信息,請點擊這里和訪問我們的主頁)”可推知,本文來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選C。BHereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreenstickingoutofhisbag.Thestrongmansatatthetable,drinkinglemonjuiceandpretendingtolookattravelbrochure(小冊子).Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn’tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.AsIbroughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa“thankyou”andlookedatmebriefly.Itriednottostareatthetinyscar(傷疤)acrosshislefteyebrow.Iwalkedbackinside,shakingmyhead.Helookedfamiliar,butIcouldn’tquiterecognizehim.Thenithitme.Inthecaraccidentoneyearago,themysterious(神秘的)strangerhelpedmeoutofmysmashedcar,justbeforeitexploded.Irushedbacktohistable.Hewasgone.Imovedhisplateandfoundhistip,alongwithacard:Iamdeeplyindebtedtoyou.Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinperspective(觀點).Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.Iwasstunned.Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinashadydanceclub.Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.Iunfoldedthetipheleft.Amongthesingleswasagrandwithapenmarkunderlining“InGodWeTrust”.Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.4.Howdidthemanlookwhenhewasintotherestaurant?A.Painfulandanxious. B.Mysteriousandunkind.C.Hungrybutgentle. D.Strangebutpolite.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theauthormetthemanyearsago.B.Themanhurthiseyebrowintheaccident.C.Theauthorandthemansavedeachother.D.Themanmissedtheinterviewthatnight.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”inparagraph5mean?A.Confused. B.Shocked. C.Excited. D.Interested.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthetext?A.Helpingothersishelpingourselves.B.NeverdoanythingbadtoGod.C.Bekindandfriendlytoyourcustomers.D.OnlyGodcouldsaveusintrouble.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者在一次汽車事故中被一位陌生人所救,后來在自己工作的餐館中遇見了這位救命恩人,偶然得知這位陌生人因為救自己而同時自救了,不得不感嘆這些都是上帝的安排。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn’tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.(他的太陽鏡遮住了他的眼睛,但我知道他不是在看小冊子:他已經(jīng)十分鐘沒有翻一頁。)”及后文“AsIbroughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa‘thankyou’(當(dāng)我給他端來他的菜時,他咳出了一聲“謝謝”)”可知,這個男人的眼睛上戴著太陽鏡,手里拿著一本書但是并沒有在看,表現(xiàn)得有點奇怪;在服務(wù)員給他端上菜品后,他咳嗽著說了聲“謝謝”,此舉說明男人比較禮貌。故選D?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthecaraccidentoneyearago,themysterious(神秘的)strangerhelpedmeoutofmysmashedcar,justbeforeitexploded.(在一年前的汽車事故中,就在車爆炸之前,那個神秘的陌生人把我從破碎的車?yán)锞攘顺鰜?”可知,這位陌生人在汽車事故中救了作者。第四段中“Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobbingajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinperspective(觀點).Inowliveanhonestlife(你出車禍的那天晚上,我在去搶劫一家珠寶店的路上。拯救你的生命讓我重新認(rèn)識到一切。我現(xiàn)在過著誠實的生活)”可知,作者也無意中拯救了陌生人。故選C?!?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinperspective(觀點).Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.(你出車禍的那天晚上,我在去搶劫一家珠寶店的路上。拯救你的生命讓我重新認(rèn)識到一切。我現(xiàn)在過著誠實的生活。愿上帝保佑你!D先生。)”可知,這位陌生人給作者留了字條,說作者救了他,因為他那天晚上本來要去搶劫珠寶店。因為拯救了一條生命而改變了自己的人生,這出乎作者的意料,所以作者感到震驚。因此推斷劃線詞詞義與B項“震驚的”意思相近。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文所講述的故事內(nèi)容可知,作者與陌生人在巧合下因一場汽車事故認(rèn)識,并拯救了彼此。這個故事告訴我們:助人者自助。故選A。CIfyouwanttotraveltoauniqueplacetoseesomefallleaves,youmightwanttovisitMt.KoyainJapan.Koyasanishometo117temples(寺廟).Inthefall,theJapanesemaple(楓樹)leavesturndeepredandorangecolours.Amongthemarethe1,200-year-oldtemplesandhallsthatweredesignedbyKoboDaishi,thefounderofShingonBuddhism.VisitorstoKoyasancanspendthenightatatemple.FordinnerthereistraditionalBuddhistfoodcalledshojin-ryori.Intheeveningyoucanenjoythegardensorrelaxinthebathsbeforebed.TheroomshavethepaperdoorstypicaloftraditionalJapanesebuildings,oftenwithagardenview.Ifyouwakeupearly,thereisamorningprayer(祈禱)at6a.m.andanyonecanjoinbeforeheadingtobreakfast.Inthecentreofthetemplesisacemetery(墓地).Asyouwalkonthepathyou’llseeadeepwell.Thelegendsaysthatifyoucanseeyourfaceclearlyinthewater,youwilllivealonglife.Furtheronthereisaspecialstonewhichtheysayisasheavyasyourcrimes.Youcantrytoliftitwithonehandtoseehowheavyitis!Asyoupassthroughthecemeteryyouwillseesomesmallstonemenwearingbibs(圍裙)andhatstokeepthemwarminthecoldair.ThesearecalledJizo,andtheystaybetweenEarthandtheafterworld.Theyprotecttravellers,pregnantwomen,andalsoyoungchildrenandbabiesbeforebirth,duringlife,andafterdeath.ThereasontheywearredbibsisbecauseoftheirconnectionwiththepronunciationofbabyinJapanese.SomeofthemonksatthetemplesspeakEnglish,andthereareEnglish-speakingguideswhodotoursofthecemetery,soyoucanpractiseyourEnglishonyourtrip.8.WhatcanvisitorsdointhetemplesofKoyasan?A.Learntomakepaperdoors. B.EnjoydeliciousWesternfood.C.Takeabathinthegarden. D.Joinamorningprayerbeforebreakfast.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Thecemetery. B.Thepath. C.Thestone. D.Thecrime.10.Whydothesmallstonemenwearredbibs?A.Theyprotectpeople. B.Theymatchthetemples.C.Theykeepvisitorswarmer. D.Theyarepronouncedlike“baby”inJapanese.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.TempletravelonMt.Koya. B.TravellinginJapan.C.SpeakingEnglishwithmonks. D.ThedevelopmentoftourisminJapan.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本的旅游之地高野山的相關(guān)信息。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyouwakeupearly,thereisamorningprayer(祈禱)at6a.m.andanyonecanjoinbeforeheadingtobreakfast.(如果你起得早,早上6點會有晨禱,任何人都可以在吃早餐前參加)”可知,在早餐之前可以參加一個晨禱。故選D。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前文“Furtheronthereisaspecialstonewhichtheysayisasheavyasyourcrimes.(還有一塊特殊的石頭據(jù)說和你的罪行一樣沉重。)”可知,這里有一個特別的石頭,它和你的罪孽一樣重。你可以試著用一只手舉起它,來看看它有多重。可見,這里的it指代的是前面的石頭。故選C?!?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThereasontheywearredbibsisbecauseoftheirconnectionwiththepronunciationofbabyinJapanese.(他們穿紅色圍嘴的原因是他們與日語中寶寶的發(fā)音有關(guān))”可知,這些小人石像穿著紅色圍裙的原因是其與日語中“寶寶”的發(fā)音有關(guān)聯(lián)。故選D?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyouwanttotraveltoauniqueplacetoseesomefallleaves,youmightwanttovisitMt.KoyainJapan.Koyasanishometo117temples(寺廟).Inthefall,theJapanesemaple(楓樹)leavesturndeepredandorangecolours.Amongthemarethe1,200-year-oldtemplesandhallsthatweredesignedbyKoboDaishi,thefounderofShingonBuddhism.(如果你想去一個獨特的地方看落葉,你可能會想去日本的高野山。高野山有117座寺廟。秋天,日本楓葉變成了深紅色和橙色。其中有1200年歷史的寺廟和大廳,是由真宗佛教的創(chuàng)始人KoboDaishi設(shè)計的)”再通讀全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要介紹日本的旅游之地高野山的相關(guān)信息。故選A。DItiscalculatedthatsomeoftheworld’s7,000languagesareindangerofgettingextinct.“Forexample,Ainu,alanguageinJapan,isnowseriouslythreatened,withonly10nativespeakersremaining,“saidleadstudyauthorTatsuyaAmanoattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.Thescientistsfoundthat25percentoftheworld’slanguagesarethreatened(威脅).Afteridentifyingwheretheendangered(瀕危的)languageswere,theylookedforanyenvironmentalandsocialoreconomicfactorsthoselanguagesmighthaveincommon,suchaspoorareasorrapidpopulationgrowth.“Wefindthatattheglobalscale,languagespeakerdeclinesarestronglylinkedtoeconomicgrowth-thatis,declinesareparticularlyoccurringineconomicallydevelopedregions,”saidAmano.“OneimportantfindingofthisnewstudyisthatlanguagesinthetropicsandHimalayanregionarelikelytobeincreasinglythreatenedinthenearfuture,becausetheseregionsstillhavemanylocallanguageswithasmallnumberofspeakers,andatthesametimeareexperiencingrapideconomicgrowth,”saidAmano.Economicgrowthmayendangerlanguagesforavarietyofreasons.Forinstance,speakersofendangeredlanguagesmayviewanothermorepopularlanguageasofferingeconomicopportunities,andthusabandontheirownlanguages.“Thereareotherimportantfactorsthatmightendangerlanguages,”saidtheresearchers.Forinstance,policiesregardinghowlanguagesareusedandtaughtinschoolscanbeverydifferentamongcountriesandevenwithineachcountry,andthesefactorsmayexplainmoredetailedpatternsinlanguageendangerment.Amanosuggesteditcouldbepossibletoforecast(預(yù)見)futurethreatstothediversity(多樣化)oflanguages.“Thereexistsdetailedinformationonfuturechangesintheenvironment,economiesandclimates(氣候),”Amanosaid.“Usingsuchinformation,togetherwiththefindingsofthisstudyandfurtheranalysis,wewouldliketounderstandwhatwillhappentotheworld’slanguages,whereitwillhappenandwhichlanguageswillbethreatenedinparticular.”12.WhatcanweknowaboutAinu?A.Ithaschangedlittleovertheyears.B.ItthreatensJapaneselanguage.C.ItisalocallanguageinJapan.D.Itisputunderprotection.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whatshouldbetaughtinschools.B.Whatmightendangeralanguage.C.Howeconomicgrowthisachieved.D.Howalanguagebecomespopular.14.WhatdoesAmanomeaninthelastparagraph?A.Wemusttakeactiontosavetheenvironment.B.Moreandmorelanguageswillgetmissing.C.Itwillbeeasiertolearnlanguagechanges.D.Factorsthreateninglanguageswilldouble.15.Whatcanbeknownfromthestudy?A.Over7,000languageshavebeenthreatened.B.Locallanguagemustbespokenineveryschool.C.Itispossibletouseonlyonelanguageworldwide.D.Thenumberoftropics’locallanguagespeakersmaybecomesmallerinthefuture.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了語言瀕臨滅絕的一些原因?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forexample,Ainu,alanguageinJapan,isnowseriouslythreatened,withonly10nativespeakersremaining,“saidleadstudyauthorTatsuyaAmanoattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.”(該研究的主要作者、英國劍橋大學(xué)的天野達(dá)也(TatsuyaAmano)說:“例如,日本的Ainu,現(xiàn)在受到嚴(yán)重威脅,母語使用者僅剩10人。)可知,Ainu是日本的一種地方語言。故選C項?!?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Economicgrowthmayendangerlanguagesforavarietyofreasons.Forinstance,speakersofendangeredlanguagesmayviewanothermorepopularlanguageasofferingeconomicopportunities,andthusabandontheirownlanguages.“Thereareotherimportantfactorsthatmightendangerlanguages,”saidtheresearchers.Forinstance,policiesregardinghowlanguagesareusedandtaughtinschoolscanbeverydifferentamongcountriesandevenwithineachcountry,andthesefactorsmayexplainmoredetailedpatternsinlanguageendangerment.”(由于種種原因,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長可能危及語言。例如,說瀕危語言的人可能認(rèn)為另一種更流行的語言能提供經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會,從而放棄自己的語言。研究人員說:“還有其他一些重要因素可能會危及語言?!崩?,國家之間,甚至每個國家內(nèi)部,關(guān)于如何在學(xué)校使用和教授語言的政策可能會有很大的不同,這些因素可以解釋語言瀕危的更詳細(xì)的模式。)可知,本段的主要講述經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、政府政策等多種因素會導(dǎo)致本土語言瀕臨消失,也就是什么可能危及一種語言。故選B項?!?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Usingsuchinformation,togetherwiththefindingsofthisstudyandfurtheranalysis,wewouldliketounderstandwhatwillhappentotheworld’slanguages,whereitwillhappenandwhichlanguageswillbethreatenedinparticular.””(利用這些信息,結(jié)合這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)一步的分析,我們想了解世界上的語言會發(fā)生什么,會在哪里發(fā)生,特別是哪些語言會受到威脅。)可推知,Amano認(rèn)為隨著研究的深入,人們更容易知曉語言的變化。故選C項?!?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第三段““OneimportantfindingofthisnewstudyisthatlanguagesinthetropicsandHimalayanregionarelikelytobeincreasinglythreatenedinthenearfuture,becausetheseregionsstillhavemanylocallanguageswithasmallnumberofspeakers,andatthesametimeareexperiencingrapideconomicgrowth,”saidAmano.”(Amano也說:“這項新研究的一個重要發(fā)現(xiàn)是,熱帶和喜馬拉雅地區(qū)的語言在不久的將來可能會受到越來越大的威脅,因為這些地區(qū)仍然有許多當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言,使用人數(shù)很少,與此同時,這些地區(qū)正在經(jīng)歷快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長?!保┛赏浦瑹釒У貐^(qū)的語言在不久的將來可能受到越來越大的威脅,即說當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言的人在未來可能會變少。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Lifeisaconstant(不斷的)exerciseinself-improvement.Intherushtoachieve,theideaofbeing“better”canbecomelostsometimes.____16____.Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.____17____.Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.Soit’softennecessarytobepatientandtrymanythingsbeforeyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Registerinaclassyou’reinterestedin.Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.____18____.Determiningwhoyouenjoybeingaroundmayhelpyouknowwhatyou’llenjoy.Dowhatyoulove.Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyoumake,youwillnotbehappyifyouspendyourentirelifedoingsomethingyouhate.It’simportanttoatleastdevotesomeofyourtimetowhatmakesyouhappy.____19____,considerwhy.It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.Experiencesomethingnew.Researchhasshownthatwhenwe’reinourcomfortzone(舒適區(qū)),wearen’tasproductiveaswearewhenwestepjustbeyondit.Humanadaptsveryquicklytopositiveevents.Becauseofthat,wemayreactslowlytoourownpositiveexperiences.It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.____20____.A.ExploreyourtalentsB.DoingsocanhelpyouachievemoreC.Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjobD.YoumayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourselfE.ButsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbeF.SimilartypesofpeoplemaybeattractedtothesameactivitiessingG.Trynottoallowyourselftofocussomuchonacertainaspectofyourlife【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹持續(xù)自我提升的一些辦法。【16題詳解】空后說“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.(你想用更簡單的方式實現(xiàn)你的夢想。這里有一些給你的建議。)”,D選項“Youmayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourself(你可能總是想知道如何提高自己)”和空后的“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreams”相呼應(yīng),并引出后文的建議,點明了這些建議是重要的,因此D選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選D?!?7題詳解】空格處是小標(biāo)題,根據(jù)后文“Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.(每個人都有一些突出的技能或興趣。)”可知,本段主要介紹探索個人天賦的過程。A選項“Exploreyourtalents(探索你的才能)”概括了空格下方兩段的內(nèi)容,因此可作為這部分的小標(biāo)題,故選A?!?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.(例如,喜歡冒險的人可能對安靜的國際象棋俱樂部不感興趣。)”可知,那些喜歡探險的人可能對安靜的棋類俱樂部不感興趣,但是那些喜歡安靜活動的人可能就喜歡,E選項“Butsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbe(但喜歡其他安靜活動的人可能會)”說明了喜歡安靜活動的人可能就會喜歡國際象棋,因此E選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選E?!?9題詳解】空后說“It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.(有些變化可能會改變你的感覺。如果你覺得你的工作沒有意義,或者不符合你的價值觀,考慮換一份工作。)”,說明你可能不喜歡你的工作,C選項“Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjob(如果你對工作特別不滿意)”說明了你不喜歡工作,和后文的“feelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues(覺得你的工作沒有意義,或者不符合你的價值觀)”相一致,因此C選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選C。【20題詳解】空前說“It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.(擁有新的經(jīng)歷和與他人的互動是很重要的,即使這些事情有點可怕。)”,B選項“Doingsocanhelpyouachievemore(這樣做可以幫助你獲得更多)”說明了擁有新的經(jīng)歷和與他人的互動的好處,因此B選項承接上文,符合語境,故選B。第二部分語言運用(共四節(jié),滿分55分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwasthecoldwintermonthsintheruraltownManton.Scottdecidedthatthecommunityneededanicerink(溜冰場)togetpeopleoutinthecold.Inordertomakehisdreama(n)___21___,Scottorderedmaterialsonlinetocreatethewallsforarinkandgot12truckstogetenoughwatertofilltheplace.Scottwentdoor-to-doorto___22___peopletocomeseehis____23____SoonScott’sbackyardrinkbecameaManton___24___.Soonenough,thechildrenwereskatingandshooting,a___25___wasburning,andhotchocolatewassteaming(冒水汽)incups.Therinkwas___26___toskatersatanytime.EachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m.,dozensofchildrenandtheirparents___27___attheicerinkforskateparties.Lightstwinkledovertheiceasthesunsetearlyintheevening.Thecoldairhada___28___ofhotdogsandburningfirewood.Parentsgottogetheraroundholdingwarmhotcocoa,feelingrelaxedthattheirchildrenhad___29___apurposeagain.Itofferedaplaceforpeopletoseeeachotherina____30____distancedway.WhenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyScottusedtomakethisproject,everyone____31____.Forexample,anonlinefundraiser____32____about$1,300,andletterssenttoScott’shomefilledwithcashproducedanadditional$1,500.It____33____forallofthecostswithmoneytospare.Trafficincreasedgreatlyaroundtheicerinkascarspulledoverjusttohavealookatthekidsskating.“IthinkthemainthingthatIwanteverybodytoknowisthatpleasant____34____forkidslastalifetimeintheirmind,”saysHooker.“Scottmadethat____35____onthedarkestofdays.”21.A.mark B.duty C.interest D.reality22.A.require B.remind C.invite D.arrange23.A.house B.honour C.choice D.creation24.A.attraction B.decision C.recognition D.attention25A.plate B.fire C.house D.flood26.A.convenient B.immediate C.open D.reasonable27.A.gathered B.rented C.stayed D.survived28.A.touch B.smell C.sense D.type29A.imagined B.returned C.found D.counted30.A.naturally B.socially C.culturally D.warmly31.A.alarmed B.changed C.decided D.helped32.A.broughtin B.tookin C.droppedoff D.tookoff33.A.meant B.remembered C.paid D.blamed34.A.memories B.ideas C.notes D.classes35.A.clear B.possible C.good D.important【答案】21.D22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.B29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了在寒冷的冬天,主人公斯科特為了讓待在家里的孩子走出戶外,特意在網(wǎng)上買來用品,請來運水車,自己打造了一個溜冰場,這個溜冰場成為孩子們冬天的樂園?!?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:為了使他的夢想成為現(xiàn)實,斯科特在網(wǎng)上訂購了材料來建造溜冰場的墻壁,并得到了12輛卡車來足夠的水來填滿這個地方。A.mark標(biāo)記;B.duty責(zé)任;C.interest興趣;D.reality現(xiàn)實。根據(jù)上文“Scottdecidedthatthecommunityneededanicerinktogetpeopleoutinthecold.”引出話題,社區(qū)需要一個溜冰場,以及該句中“Scottordered…theplace.”斯科特的具體行為,故可推知,此處為為了使他的夢想成為現(xiàn)實,斯科特在網(wǎng)上訂購了材料來建造溜冰場的墻壁,并得到了12輛卡車來足夠的水來填滿這個地方。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:斯科特挨家挨戶地邀請人們來參觀他的作品。A.require要求;B.remind提醒;C.invite邀請;D.arrange安排。根據(jù)“wentdoor-to-door”以及下文“tocomeseehis___3___.”過來看,可知,此處為斯科特挨家挨戶地邀請人們來參觀他的作品。故選C項?!?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:斯科特挨家挨戶地邀請人們來參觀他的作品。A.house房子;B.honour榮譽(yù);C.choice選擇;D.creation創(chuàng)造,作品。根據(jù)上文“createthewalls…”創(chuàng)造……,可知,此處用create的名詞creation表示“創(chuàng)造;作品”,與上文create呼應(yīng)。故選D項?!?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:不久,斯科特的后院溜冰場成為曼頓的一個景點。A.attraction景點;B.decision決定;C.recognition識別;D.attention注意。根據(jù)下文“thechildrenwereskatingandshooting,a___5___wasburning,andhotchocolatewassteamingincups.”為具體介紹在這里的活動,可知,此處為不久,斯科特的后院溜冰場成為曼頓的一個景點。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:很快,孩子們開始滑冰和射擊,篝火熊熊燃燒,熱巧克力在杯子里冒著熱氣。A.plate盤子;B.fire火;C.house房子;D.flood洪水。根據(jù)該句中的“burning”燃燒可知,此處為篝火熊熊燃燒。故選B項?!?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這個溜冰場隨時對溜冰者開放。A.convenient方便的;B.immediate立刻的;C.open開放的;D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)下文“EachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m”開放時間,可知,此處為這個溜冰場隨時對溜冰者開放。故選C項?!?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:每周六下午4點到8點,都會有幾十個孩子和他們的父母聚集在溜冰場舉行滑板派對。A.gathered聚集;B.rented租賃;C.stayed待在;D.survived幸存。根據(jù)該句中的“dozensofchildrenandtheirparents”以及“attheicerinkforskateparties”可知,此處為每周六下午4點到8點,都會有幾十個孩子和他們的父母聚集在溜冰場舉行滑板派對。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:冷空氣中彌漫著熱狗和柴火的味道。A.touch觸摸;B.smell味道;C.sense感覺;D.type類型。根據(jù)該句中的“hotdogsandburningfirewood.”,故可推知,此處為冷空氣中彌漫著熱狗和柴火的味道。故選B項?!?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:父母們圍坐在一起,端著熱可可,為孩子們又找到了人生目標(biāo)而感到放松。A.imagined想象;B.returned返回;C.found發(fā)現(xiàn);D.counted計算。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“apurpose”可知,此處為為孩子們又找到了人生目標(biāo)而感到放松。故選C項?!?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:它為人們提供了一個以社交距離的方式看到彼此的地方。A.naturally自然地;B.socially社交地;C.culturally文化地;D.warmly暖和地。根據(jù)上文提到的父母們圍坐在一起,端著熱可可,為孩子們又找到了人生目標(biāo)而感到放松。以及該句中的“seeeachother”故可知,此處為它為人們提供了一個以社交距離的方式看到彼此的地方。故選B項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)社區(qū)聽說斯科特花了很多錢來做這個項目時,每個人都伸出了援手。A.alarmed警覺;B.changed改變;C.decided決定;D.helped幫助。根據(jù)上文“WhenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyScottusedtomakethisproject,”聽說斯科特花了很多錢來做這個項目,可知,此處為當(dāng)社區(qū)聽說斯科特花了很多錢來做這個項目時,每個人都伸出了援手。故選D項?!?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:例如,一個在線籌款人籌集了大約1300美元,寄到斯科特家里的裝滿現(xiàn)金的信件又籌集了1500美元。A.broughtin帶來;B.tookin吸收,接受;C.droppedoff輟學(xué);D.tookoff脫下,起飛。根據(jù)該句中的“anonlinefundraiser”以及“about$1,300”可知,此處為網(wǎng)上募捐,因此這里用bringin表示“帶來(收入)”。故選A項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:它用多余的錢支付了所有的費用。A.meant意味著;B.remembered記得;C.paid支付;D.blamed責(zé)備。根據(jù)句意以及“allofthecostswithmoneytospare”可知,此處為它用多余的錢支付了所有的費用。故選C項?!?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我想讓每個人都知道的最主要的事情是,孩子們的愉快回憶在他們的腦海中會持續(xù)一生。A.memories回憶;B.ideas觀點;C.notes筆記;D.classes課程。根據(jù)句意以及“l(fā)astalifetimeintheirmind”可知,此處為孩子們的愉快回憶在他們的腦海中會持續(xù)一生。從四個選項和下文的“intheirmind”看,這里說的“延續(xù)一輩子”應(yīng)該說的是美好的記憶。故選A項?!?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在最黑暗的日子里,斯科特讓這一切成為可能。A.clear清楚的;B.possible可能的;C.good好的;D.important重要的。這里用makesth.possible表示“使……成為可能”,指在寒冷的冬天,給人們留下美好的回憶。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Nowadays,footballisoneofthemostpopularsportsin___36___world.Itshistory___37___(go)backovertwothousandyearstoancientChina,anditwasknownascujuthen.ModernfootballstartedinGreatBritain,___38___thenewgamerulesweremade.Footballissimpleandverycheap___39___(play),whichisperhapsthebasisofthepopularity.Peopleneedn’texpensiveequipment___40___thefootballdoesn’tcostmuchmoney.Anotherfactorbehind___41___(it)globalpopularityisthecreativityonthefield.Itisattractive___42___millionsofpeople.Peoplecanseechildrenplayingwithaballeverywhere.Peoplealsocanfeelthe___43___(excite)ofagameevenwithoutrecognizingtheskillofprofessionalplayers.What’smore,ithasbecomeoneofthe___44___(good)waysforpeopletocommunicate.Itdoesn’trequire___45___(word),buteveryonecanunderstandit.Itbreaksdownwallsandbringspeopletogetheronandoffthefield.【答案】36.the37.goes38.where39.toplay40.and41.its42.to43.excitement44.best45.words【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹足球運動的起源及發(fā)展?!?6題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意:如今,足球是世界上最受歡迎的運動之一。world是獨一無二的名詞,前面要加定冠詞,故填the?!?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:它的歷史可以追溯到兩千多年前的中國古代,當(dāng)時被稱為蹴鞠。句子描述一般事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時,根據(jù)前面主語Itshistory是第三人稱單數(shù)形式可知,空格處用第三人稱單數(shù)goes,故填goes?!?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意:現(xiàn)代足球起源于英國,在那里制定了新的比賽規(guī)則??崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,從句中不缺主語或賓語,先行詞GreatBritain是地方,因此空格處用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句,故填where?!?9題詳解】考查不定式。句意:足球很簡單,很便宜,這也許是流行的基礎(chǔ)?!癰e+adj.+todo”是固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“做起來……”,空格處用不定式,故填toplay?!?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意:人們不需要昂貴的設(shè)備,足球也不需要花很多錢。前句意為“人們不需要昂貴的設(shè)備”,后一句意為“足球不需要花費太多的錢”,兩者都是介紹足球這項運動的優(yōu)點,故為并列關(guān)系,前后兩句用and連接。故填and。【41題詳解】考查物主代詞。句意:足球在全球流行的另一個因素是球場上的創(chuàng)造力。根據(jù)空后的中心詞popularity為名詞可知,空格處用形容詞性物主代詞來修飾后面的名詞,it的形容詞性物主代詞是its,故填its。【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意:它吸引了數(shù)百萬人。beattractivetosb.是固定短語,意為“對某人有吸引力”,因此空格處用介詞to,故填to。【43題詳解】考查名詞。句意:人們即使不知道職業(yè)選手的技術(shù),也能感受到比賽的興奮。空格處用名詞作賓語,excite的名詞是excitement,是不可數(shù)名詞,意為“興奮”,故填excitement?!?4題詳解】考查最高級。句意:更重要是,它已經(jīng)成為人們交流的最佳方式之一??涨坝衪he以及句意,空格處用最高級best,故填best?!?5題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意:它不需要言語,但每個人都能理解。word在這里指語言文字,無不定冠詞修飾和限定,用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填words。第三節(jié)用所給詞的正確形式填空。(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)46.Hisargumentshaveasound____________(economy)base.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】economic【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:他的論點有堅實的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)空格后的名詞base可知,此處填入形容詞economic,作定語。故填economic。47.Travelandovernight________(accommodate)areincluded.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】accommodation【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:旅行與晚間的食宿包括在內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知,此處與travel是并列成分,作主語,應(yīng)用名詞accommodation“膳宿”,是不可數(shù)名詞。故填accommodation。48.SuccessincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofour________(civilize).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】civilisation【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:成功創(chuàng)造出人工智能可能是人類文明史上最大的事件。由空前our為形容詞性物主代詞可知,此處為需填名詞civilisation。故填civilisation。49.Hethrewitforwardwithallhis________(strong).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】strength【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:他用盡全力向前扔。with后跟名詞作賓語,strong的名詞是strength,根據(jù)句意可知,此處意為“體力,力量”,是不可數(shù)名詞,故填strength。50.Ibelievehewasan________(honour)man,dedicatedtothepeopleandhisunion.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】honourable【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:我相信他是一個可敬的人,獻(xiàn)身于人民和聯(lián)邦。由空前冠詞an以及空后man名詞可知,此處為形容詞作定語。故填honourable。51.Itmustbe________(stress)thatthisdiseaseisveryrare.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】stressed【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意:必須強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,這種病很少見。分析句子可知,此處為謂語動詞的填入,結(jié)合句意可知,形式主語it和動詞stress為被動關(guān)系,所以為被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填stressed。52.Itlookedasifshehadforgottenhowto________(breath).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】breathe【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意:看起來她好像忘記了如何呼吸。分析句子可知,此處為動詞不定式todo結(jié)構(gòu),故該空為動詞原形形式。故填breathe。53.Alanlookedathimandsaid________(calm),“Idon’tbelieveyou.”(所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】calmly【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意:艾倫看著他,平靜地說:“我不相信你?!庇筛痹~修飾動詞可知,此處為副詞calmly修飾動詞said。故填calmly。54.TheoperationwasKelly’sonlyhopeof________(survive).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】survival【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:這次手術(shù)是凱利活下來的唯一希望。根據(jù)空格前的介詞of可知,此處填入不可數(shù)名詞survival作賓語。故填survival。55.Somewouldquestionthe________(wise)ofleavingheroutoftheteam.(
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