專題動(dòng)詞搭配課件-高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

考點(diǎn)解讀牛刀小試專題動(dòng)詞搭配短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞副詞的位置由所接的賓語(yǔ)決定?！锶绻e語(yǔ)是代詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞+代詞+副詞。Youcancountmeout.★如果實(shí)語(yǔ)是名詞，那么副詞既可在賓語(yǔ)之前，也可在賓語(yǔ)之后。Theyputoutthebigfire.Theyputthebigfireout.他們撲滅了大火。1.及物動(dòng)詞+副詞(v.+adv.)→及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞blowup(炸毀)

carryout(執(zhí)行)giveup(放棄)

lookup(查找)pointout(指出)

bringup(撫養(yǎng))ruleout(排除)

findout(查明)talkover(商量)

handin(上交)thinkover(考慮)

makeout(認(rèn)出)turnon(接通)

puton(穿)wipeout(消滅)

setaside(留出)

TheFirstWorldWarbrokeoutin1914.They'llprobablyturnuplateasusual.backup(支持)

fadeaway(褪色)

knockoff(停工)

pullup(停車(chē))standup(起立)

breakdown(出毛病)getup(起床)

lookout(小心)dieaway(漸漸消失)

growup(長(zhǎng)大)takeoff(起飛)

runout(耗盡)dropout(退出)

catchup(趕上)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2.不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞(vi.+adv.):→不及物動(dòng)詞。短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Shelooksafterthechildrenduringtheday.Thepolicemenaresearchingforthesuspect.acton(遵照)

amountto(等于)listento(聽(tīng))

callon(號(hào)召)longfor(渴望)

persistin(堅(jiān)持)consistof(由...組成)

accountfor(解釋)insiston(堅(jiān)持)

attendto(照料)lookat(看)

objectto(反對(duì))carefor(照顧)

dependon(依靠)relyon(依靠)

standfor(代表)3.動(dòng)詞+介詞(v.+prep.)→及物動(dòng)詞。Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyounextweek.Thedoctoradvisedhimtocutdownonsmoking.catchupwith(趕上)

cutdownon(減少)fitinwith(適合)

getalongwith(與...相處)goinfor(從事于)

liveupto(實(shí)現(xiàn))lookupto(尊敬)

runoutof(用光)throwbackon(依靠)

comeupwith(提出)getawaywith(逃避)

keepupwith(跟上)lookdownon(瞧不起)

makeupfor(補(bǔ)償)

短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞4.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞(v.+adv.+prep.)→一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。Theyoftenmakefunofthepoorboy.Wepaidmuchattentiontohisremarks.catchsightof(看見(jiàn))findfaultwith(挑...毛病)keepaneyeon(照看)makefunof(取笑)makefriendswith(與...交友)payattentionto(注意)takeadvantageof(利用)takepartin(參加)getridof(擺脫)giveriseto(引起)losesightof(看不見(jiàn))makeastudyof(研究)makeuseof(利用)putastopto(結(jié)束)throwlighton(闡明)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞5.動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞(V.+n.+prep.)→一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。核心動(dòng)詞辨析accomplish，complete,finish，fulfill“完成”accomplish強(qiáng)調(diào)“完成"任務(wù)等的過(guò)程而不是方式。Ittookus40daystoaccomplishthiswork.

complete著重“完成"任務(wù)等的結(jié)果Shehascompletedthebook.她已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完這本書(shū)了。finish通常指“完成”日常事務(wù)Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?fulfill強(qiáng)調(diào)“完成”預(yù)定的目標(biāo)。Thetaskmustbefulfilledasquicklyaspossible.achieve(成功地)達(dá)到,實(shí)現(xiàn)。Hewillneverachieveanythingunlessheworksharder.如果他不努力工作，將會(huì)一事無(wú)成。acquire取得,獲得,學(xué)到。acquireknowledgeinquire打聽(tīng)，詢問(wèn)。inquireaperson'snamerequire需要。Werequiremorehelp.我們需要更多的幫助。achieve,acquire，require,inquireadopt(1)收養(yǎng)。Sincetheyhavenochildrenoftheirown,theydecidedtoadoptalittlegirl.他們自己沒(méi)有孩子,所以決定收養(yǎng)一個(gè)小女孩。(2)采納,采用,通過(guò)。Headoptedoursuggestion.他采納了我們的建議。adapt

“使適合”，“改編”。Ihavetriedto

adapt

tolocalcustoms.我已經(jīng)努力去適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。Threeofhernovelshavebeenadaptedfortelevision.她的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)中有三部已改編成電視節(jié)目。adopt,adaptadvise,convince，persuade“勸說(shuō)”advise指建議,規(guī)勸某人應(yīng)該做某事或如何做。Headvisedmetoputmymoneyinthebank.他勸我把錢(qián)存人銀行。convince指向某人陳述事實(shí),運(yùn)用推理或邏輯證明使某人信服。例如:WeconvincedSmithtogobytrainratherthanplane.我們說(shuō)服了史密斯乘火車(chē)而不乘飛機(jī)前往。persuade指用感情說(shuō)服某人去做某事。例如:Ipersuadedhimtogobacktowork.我說(shuō)服他回去工作了。affect,effect，influenceaffect.(動(dòng)詞)影響。例如:Smokingaffectshealth.抽煙影響健康。effect(名詞)效果,影響經(jīng)常使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)haveaneffecton...用作名詞時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)由于影響而產(chǎn)生的特殊效果。例如:Governmentpolicywillnothaveanyeffectonus.政府的政策對(duì)我們沒(méi)有任何影響。influence可做動(dòng)詞和名詞,指對(duì)某人的思想行為、性格等產(chǎn)生影響。Shewasinfluencedbyhermiddleschoolteachers.她受到中學(xué)時(shí)的老師影響。annoy,bother,trouble,disturbannoy指外界的干擾令人討厭或無(wú)法忍受，或指某人故意去妨礙別人。Hisimmaturebehaviourwasbeginningto

annoy

me.他的幼稚行為開(kāi)始令我惱火了。bother打擾,麻煩,程度比較輕。Thechildoftenbothersmewithsillyquestions.這個(gè)孩子常常問(wèn)我一些無(wú)聊的問(wèn)題。trouble使煩惱,麻煩,指給人行動(dòng)上帶來(lái)不便或身心上帶來(lái)痛苦。MayItroubleyouwithafewquestions?disturb打擾，擾亂,指使正常秩序或--時(shí)的安定受到破壞,精力一時(shí)不能集中。Iamsorrytodisturbyou.很抱歉打擾你了。happen,occur,takeplace發(fā)生happen為一般用語(yǔ),指具體事情的偶然發(fā)生。Theaccidenthappenedbecauseofhiscarelessness.事故的發(fā)生是由于他的粗心造成的。occur為正式用語(yǔ),表示“偶然發(fā)生”時(shí)可與happen換用,occurto表示“被想到,被想起”,此時(shí)主語(yǔ)為所想到的內(nèi)容。ItoccurredtomethatIhadleftmykeysbehind.我想起我忘了帶鑰匙。takeplace一般指有計(jì)劃、有目的地“發(fā)生”的事。Theconferencewilltakeplacenextweek.會(huì)議將于下星期舉行。preserve,conserve,reserve“保護(hù)，保存”,強(qiáng)調(diào)使完好無(wú)損或質(zhì)量不變。Theshipisequippedwithspecialrefrigeratingdevicestopreservefoodforthewholevoyage.船上設(shè)有特殊冷藏設(shè)備,在整個(gè)航程中保存食物。conserve“保存,儲(chǔ)藏”,強(qiáng)調(diào)采取措施精心保護(hù)某物,防止不必要的浪費(fèi)、損失或變化。Heisconservinghisenergyforthelasttwenty-meterdash.他正在為最后20米沖刺保存實(shí)力。reserve“留存(資金，人力,原料等),保留(權(quán)力等)”。Reserveenoughmoneyforyourhomefare.留足你回家的路費(fèi)。lay,lielay（laid,laid）(1)放,擱。Laythebookonthedesk.(2)產(chǎn)卵,下蛋。Thishenlaidtwoeggsyesterday.

lie:(1)躺,保持(某種狀態(tài)