印度教育體系簡介課件

ContentsEducationsystemofancientIndiaVedicUniversitiesPre-independenceeducationsystem(BritishRule)Post-independenceeducationsystem(1947onwards)BasicschooleducationHighereducationNewdevelopmentsContentsEducationsystemofan1THEEDUCATIONSYSTEMOFANCIENTINDIATHEEDUCATIONSYSTEM2THEGURUKULSYSTEMASCHOOLINGUNIQUETOINDIATHEGURUKULSYSTEMASCHOOLING3Gurukul(ashram)wasatypeofschoolinIndia,residentialinnature,withpupilslivinginproximitytotheteacher(guru).Inagurukul,studentswouldresidetogetherasequals,irrespectiveoftheirsocialstanding,learntfromtheguruanddistributeworkinthemselvestohelptheguruinhisday-to-daylife.Attheendofstudies,pupilwouldbereadytooffergurudakshina(onetimefees)totheguru.Thegurudakshinaisatraditionalgestureofacknowledgment,respectandthanks.THEGURUKULSYSTEMGurukul(ashram)wasatypeof4THEANCIENTVEDICUNIVERSITIESTHEANCIENTVEDICUNIVERSITIES5NALANDAUNIVERSITYNalandaisthenameofanancientuniversityinBihar,IndiawhichwasaBuddhistcenteroflearningfrom427CE(AD)to1197CE(AD).Ithasbeencalledas"oneofthefirstgreatuniversities”inrecordedhistory.NALANDAUNIVERSITYNalandaist6REMAINSOFTAXILAUNIVERSITYREMAINSOFTAXILAUNIVERSITY7IMPACTOFBRITISHERSONTHEINDIANEDUCATIONSYSTEM1757-1947IMPACTOFBRITISHERSON1757-198SinceEnglishwasincreasinglybeingemployedasthelanguageofinstruction,during1852–1853petitionsweresenttotheBritishParliamentinsupportofbothestablishingandadequatelyfundinguniversityeducationinIndiawhichresultedintheEducationDispatchofJuly1854whichhelpedinshapingtheIndianeducationsystem.SinceEnglishwasincreasingly9EstablishedaDepartmentofPublicInstructionineachprovinceofBritishIndia.Establishedteacher-trainingschoolsforalllevelsofinstruction.IncreasedthenumberofGovernmentcolleges,vernacularschoolsandhigh-schools.TheDepartmentofPublicInstructionwasinplaceby1855.By1857anumberofuniversitieswereestablishedmodeledontheUniversityofLondon.THEBRITISHERS:

Educationalreformsintheearly20thcenturyledtowardsthenationalisationofmanyuniversities.EstablishedaDepartmentofPu10Post-IndependenceINDIANEDUCATIONSYSTEMPost-IndependenceINDIAN11India'sfirsteducationministerrecommendedstrongcentralgovernmentcontrolovereducationthroughoutthecountry,withauniformeducationalsystemandintroducedrighttoeducation.India'sfirsteducationminist12RIGHTTOEDUCATIONEverychildbetweentheagesof6to14yearshastherighttofreeandcompulsoryeducation.Thegovernmentschoolsshallprovidefreeeducationtoallthechildren.Privateschoolsshalladmitatleast25%ofthechildrenintheirschoolswithoutanyfee.RIGHTTOEDUCATIONEverychild13PRIMARYEDUCATIONPRIMARYEDUCATION14TheIndiangovernmentlaysgreatemphasisonprimaryeducationuptotheageoffourteenyears(referredtoasElementaryEducationinIndia.)TheIndiangovernmenthasalsobannedchildlabourinordertoensurethatanychildrendogetanopportunitytonurture.TheIndiangovernmentlaysgre15TheNCERTwasestablishedin1961.Itfunctionsasaresourcecentreinthefieldofschooleducationandteachereducation.Publicationofschooltextbooksandothereducationalmaterialliketeachers’guides/manualsetc.areitsmajorfunctions.NCERTisanautonomousbodyfullyfundedbytheMinistryofHumanResourceandDevelopment(MHRD)NCERTisanautonomousbodyfu16Thereisacommoneducationalstructure(10+2+4)followedalloverthecountry.ItssimilartotheUSAbutunliketotheonebeingfollowedintheUKThereisacommoneducationa17Preprimary(FOR1YEAR)

Primary(GRADE1-5)Middle(GRADE6-8)Secondary(GRADE9-10)SeniorSecondary(GRADE11-12)Preprimary(FOR1YEAR)

P18HIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEMININDIAWithProf.IanHutchings(UniversityofCambridge)HIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEMWithPr19

SomeinstitutionsofIndia,suchas:IndianInstituteofTechnology(IITs)and(IISc)AllIndiainstituteofMedicalSciences(AIIMS)IndianInstituteofManagement(IIMs) havebeengloballyacclaimedfortheirstandardofeducation.India'shighereducationsystemisthethirdlargestintheworld,afterChinaandtheUnitedStates.SomeinstitutionsofIndia20VOCATIONALEDUCATIONVOCATIONALEDUCATION21VocationaleducationisimpartedthroughIndustrialTrainingInstitutes(ITIs)andpolytechnics.

Vocationaleducationisimpart22changingfaceofeducation.......changingfaceofeducation....23ITENABLEDCLASSROOMSITENABLEDCLASSROOMS24印度教育體系簡介課件25NEWSCHEMESNEWSCHEMES26DelhiChiefMinisterMs.SheilaDikshitlaunchedthe‘Ladli’.Underthescheme,thestategovernmentintendstodepositRs.100,000intheaccountofeverygirlchild(belongingtoaparticularincomegroup)bythetimesheattainstheageof18.Asperthescheme,thegovernmentwilldepositRs.10,000inthenameofagirlchildatthetimeofherbirthandRs.5,000eachatthetimeofadmissiontoClassI,VI,IX,XandXIItoencouragehereducation.EDUCATETHEGIRLCHILDDelhiChiefMinisterMs.Sheila27GLOBALEXCHANGEPROGRAMMESTheonlineprojectsencouragestudentstocollaborate,cooperateandcommunicatewiththestudentsallovertheworld.Thisuseofcyberspacehasledtotheglobalisationofeducation.GLOBALEXCHANGEPROGRAMMESThe28IntheWordsofIndianGovernment,Wegivethemroots,wegivethemwingsAndgreatjoysfrom,littlethings,Ahopethattheywillsoar,Ahopethattheywilltry,Wearesurethatoneday,Ourchildrenwilllearntofly.IntheWordsofIndianGovernm29ThankYouANYQUESTIONS?ThankYou30謝謝！31謝謝！313232ContentsEducationsystemofancientIndiaVedicUniversitiesPre-independenceeducationsystem(BritishRule)Post-independenceeducationsystem(1947onwards)BasicschooleducationHighereducationNewdevelopmentsContentsEducationsystemofan33THEEDUCATIONSYSTEMOFANCIENTINDIATHEEDUCATIONSYSTEM34THEGURUKULSYSTEMASCHOOLINGUNIQUETOINDIATHEGURUKULSYSTEMASCHOOLING35Gurukul(ashram)wasatypeofschoolinIndia,residentialinnature,withpupilslivinginproximitytotheteacher(guru).Inagurukul,studentswouldresidetogetherasequals,irrespectiveoftheirsocialstanding,learntfromtheguruanddistributeworkinthemselvestohelptheguruinhisday-to-daylife.Attheendofstudies,pupilwouldbereadytooffergurudakshina(onetimefees)totheguru.Thegurudakshinaisatraditionalgestureofacknowledgment,respectandthanks.THEGURUKULSYSTEMGurukul(ashram)wasatypeof36THEANCIENTVEDICUNIVERSITIESTHEANCIENTVEDICUNIVERSITIES37NALANDAUNIVERSITYNalandaisthenameofanancientuniversityinBihar,IndiawhichwasaBuddhistcenteroflearningfrom427CE(AD)to1197CE(AD).Ithasbeencalledas"oneofthefirstgreatuniversities”inrecordedhistory.NALANDAUNIVERSITYNalandaist38REMAINSOFTAXILAUNIVERSITYREMAINSOFTAXILAUNIVERSITY39IMPACTOFBRITISHERSONTHEINDIANEDUCATIONSYSTEM1757-1947IMPACTOFBRITISHERSON1757-1940SinceEnglishwasincreasinglybeingemployedasthelanguageofinstruction,during1852–1853petitionsweresenttotheBritishParliamentinsupportofbothestablishingandadequatelyfundinguniversityeducationinIndiawhichresultedintheEducationDispatchofJuly1854whichhelpedinshapingtheIndianeducationsystem.SinceEnglishwasincreasingly41EstablishedaDepartmentofPublicInstructionineachprovinceofBritishIndia.Establishedteacher-trainingschoolsforalllevelsofinstruction.IncreasedthenumberofGovernmentcolleges,vernacularschoolsandhigh-schools.TheDepartmentofPublicInstructionwasinplaceby1855.By1857anumberofuniversitieswereestablishedmodeledontheUniversityofLondon.THEBRITISHERS:

Educationalreformsintheearly20thcenturyledtowardsthenationalisationofmanyuniversities.EstablishedaDepartmentofPu42Post-IndependenceINDIANEDUCATIONSYSTEMPost-IndependenceINDIAN43India'sfirsteducationministerrecommendedstrongcentralgovernmentcontrolovereducationthroughoutthecountry,withauniformeducationalsystemandintroducedrighttoeducation.India'sfirsteducationminist44RIGHTTOEDUCATIONEverychildbetweentheagesof6to14yearshastherighttofreeandcompulsoryeducation.Thegovernmentschoolsshallprovidefreeeducationtoallthechildren.Privateschoolsshalladmitatleast25%ofthechildrenintheirschoolswithoutanyfee.RIGHTTOEDUCATIONEverychild45PRIMARYEDUCATIONPRIMARYEDUCATION46TheIndiangovernmentlaysgreatemphasisonprimaryeducationuptotheageoffourteenyears(referredtoasElementaryEducationinIndia.)TheIndiangovernmenthasalsobannedchildlabourinordertoensurethatanychildrendogetanopportunitytonurture.TheIndiangovernmentlaysgre47TheNCERTwasestablishedin1961.Itfunctionsasaresourcecentreinthefieldofschooleducationandteachereducation.Publicationofschooltextbooksandothereducationalmaterialliketeachers’guides/manualsetc.areitsmajorfunctions.NCERTisanautonomousbodyfullyfundedbytheMinistryofHumanResourceandDevelopment(MHRD)NCERTisanautonomousbodyfu48Thereisacommoneducationalstructure(10+2+4)followedalloverthecountry.ItssimilartotheUSAbutunliketotheonebeingfollowedintheUKThereisacommoneducationa49Preprimary(FOR1YEAR)

Primary(GRADE1-5)Middle(GRADE6-8)Secondary(GRADE9-10)SeniorSecondary(GRADE11-12)Preprimary(FOR1YEAR)

P50HIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEMININDIAWithProf.IanHutchings(UniversityofCambridge)HIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEMWithPr51

SomeinstitutionsofIndia,suchas:IndianInstituteofTechnology(IITs)and(IISc)AllIndiainstituteofMedicalSciences(AIIMS)IndianInstituteofManagement(IIMs) havebeengloballyacclaimedfortheirstandardofeducation.India'shighereducationsystemisthethirdlargestintheworld,afterChinaandtheUnitedStates.SomeinstitutionsofIndia52VOCATIONALEDUCATIONVOCATIONALEDUCATION53VocationaleducationisimpartedthroughIndustrialTrainingInstitutes(ITIs)andpolytechnics.

Vocationaleducationisimpart54changingfaceofeducation.......changingfaceo