2023年中考英語第三輪題型復(fù)習(xí)課件：題型七任務(wù)型閱讀

題型七任務(wù)型閱讀河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢年份體裁和話題考查方式2019議論文：生活中離不開批判性思維66—67題完成句子；68題回答問題；69題找主題句；70題英譯漢2018說明文：人工智能發(fā)展的兩面性66—67題完成句子；68題回答問題；69題找主題句；70題英譯漢2017說明文：如何做一個懂得感恩的人66—67題完成句子；68題回答問題；69題找主題句；70題英譯漢2016說明文：食品安全71題完成句子；72—73題回答問題；74題找主題句；75題英譯漢2015說明文：保護郵票的幾種方法71題完成句子；72—73題回答問題；74題找主題句；75題英譯漢【規(guī)律總結(jié)】近五年任務(wù)型閱讀主要為說明文，話題涉及社會生活和現(xiàn)代科技等。1．2015年71題完成句子，72—73題回答問題，74題找主題句，75題英譯漢；2．2016年延續(xù)2015年設(shè)題形式；3．2017年有所調(diào)整，66—67題完成句子，68題回答問題，69題找主題句，70題英譯漢；4．2018年和2019年延續(xù)2017年設(shè)題形式。【命題趨勢及預(yù)測】體裁和話題：說明文；現(xiàn)代科技或社會生活?？疾樾问剑和瓿删渥樱卮饐栴}，找主題句(或概括主旨大意)，英譯漢，填單詞，判斷正誤，對畫線句子提問，代詞指代的內(nèi)容，寫近義句。【題型拓展】考查題型：摘錄要點(設(shè)5個空，每空不超過3個單詞)。解題方法與技巧任務(wù)型閱讀題型多樣，設(shè)題自由開放，內(nèi)容廣泛。它不僅考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，還考查學(xué)生的語言組織能力、單詞拼寫能力、英漢互譯能力以及其他語言知識，較好地體現(xiàn)了新課標(biāo)所倡導(dǎo)的“任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)”。任務(wù)型閱讀的文章易于理解并貼近學(xué)生生活實際，旨在考查學(xué)生在對篇章整體理解的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文的意思和邏輯聯(lián)系進(jìn)行推理、判斷的能力和靈活運用所學(xué)語言知識的能力。一、通讀全文，感知任務(wù)答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀文章，掌握文章提供的信息內(nèi)容，同時要明確文章的中心思想，為答題做好準(zhǔn)備。二、緊扣原文，搜尋信息通讀全文后，再瀏覽問題，從原文中找出能回答問題的關(guān)鍵信息。三、全面兼顧，準(zhǔn)確作答除了注意書寫規(guī)范以外，還要確保表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性，要注意語態(tài)、時態(tài)和人稱等的變化。四、認(rèn)真檢查，驗證答案完成任務(wù)后要把答案帶入原文，檢查所寫的答案是否符合要求，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。及時解決。(2019河北中考)Criticalthinking(批判性思維)istryingtoimprovethewayyouthink.Peopleusecriticalthinkingineveryareaoflifetosolveproblemsandevaluateclaims(評估主張)．Likeeveryotherskill，criticalthinkingtakespractice.Whenaproblemcomesourway，weneedtothinkcriticallytodecidehowtosolveit.Whenweseeanadvertisement，forexample，weshouldstopandthink.Advertisementsaremadetomakepeoplefeelcertainthattheyaretrue，andthenpeoplecanbuytheproducts.Butiswhattheadvertisementsaystrue？Isitmakingaclaim？Ordoesitonlyinterestus？Criticalthinkingisimportantandstopsusfrommakingpoorchoices.Infact，weareusingitifweaskquestionsnaturallyaboutwhatwesee.Practicemakesperfect.Whileyouaregrowingincriticalthinking，you'llbecomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson.Therearemanywaysofdoingpractice.Hereareafew：★Readaboutatopicpeopledisagreeon.Lookatarticlesorbooksonallsidesofthesubject.Foreachsideofthesubject，thinkcarefullyandevaluateit.★Whenyouseeorhearaclaim，askquestionsaboutit.Whoismakingtheclaimandwhy?★Evaluateyourownthinking.Whereandwhydoyouthinkuncritically？Howcanyouimprove?Criticalthinkingshouldbepartofeverythingwedo.It__may__help__you__to__succeed__at__work__or__school.Makeyourselfintoahabitofcriticalthinking.Changeyourthoughtsandchangeyourworld.1、2題完成句子；3題簡略回答問題；4題找出并寫下第二段的主題句；5題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。1．Peopleusecriticalthinkingto________________andevaluateclaims.2．Criticalthinkingcanstopusfrom________________.3．Whatkindofpersonwillyoubecomeasyougrowincriticalthinking?________________________________________________________________________4．________________________________________________________________________5．________________________________________________________________________【主旨大意】本文為議論文。本文論述了生活中我們離不開批判性思維，批判性思維會使人們更加理智、更有想法，避免做出不當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。本文也講了如何培養(yǎng)批判性思維。1．solveproblems【解析】完成句子類①。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Peopleuse…evaluateclaims.”可知本題答案。2．makingpoorchoices【解析】完成句子類①。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Criticalthinking…poorchoices.”可知本題答案。3．Awiserandmorethoughtfulperson./I'llbecomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson.【解析】回答問題類②。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Whileyouare…thoughtfulperson.”可知本題答案。4．Likeeveryotherskill，criticalthinkingtakespractice.【解析】找主題句類③。由第二段內(nèi)容可知本段是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，故第二段的第一句就是本段的主題句。5．它/批判性思維可以幫助你在工作中或?qū)W業(yè)上(取得/獲得)成功?！窘馕觥坑⒆g漢類④。It可以譯成“它”或“批判性思維”，atworkorschool譯成“在工作中或?qū)W業(yè)上”。,考點：完成句子類①方法突破：該題是要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章來補充句子，學(xué)生只需找到該句的位置，與題干一一對照，找出其中相應(yīng)位置空缺的內(nèi)容補上即可。填好所缺單詞，做完題后還要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)、語法形式和意義上進(jìn)行復(fù)查，確保答案正確?？键c：回答問題類②方法突破：回答問題類題目，在答題前，首先應(yīng)該快速瀏覽所提問題，然后帶著這個問題，有的放矢地去閱讀文章，獲取與問題有關(guān)的信息。對于那些在文章中找不到答案的問題，必須再次通讀全文，對獲得的信息進(jìn)行整理，通篇考慮全文，才能寫出答案。做完后要進(jìn)行檢查，確保答案在語法、拼寫及標(biāo)點符號等方面準(zhǔn)確無誤?？键c：找主題句類③方法突破：如果題干要求找出某自然段的主題句，學(xué)生必須仔細(xì)閱讀該自然段，掌握其大意，找出能概括該自然段的主題句。如果題干要求找出文章的主題句，則需要瀏覽文章大意。通常主題句位于自然段或文章的開頭或結(jié)尾?？键c：英譯漢類④方法突破：解答英譯漢的題目，先略讀全文，從整體上把握整篇文章的內(nèi)容，并理解畫線部分與文章其他部分之間的語法及邏輯關(guān)系，然后找出句中的固定短語、從句或固定句型等，翻譯出合理的漢語句子。解答此類題型時要注意幾點：①要根據(jù)上下文翻譯，不要斷章取義；②翻譯時要與漢語語言習(xí)慣相聯(lián)系，不要逐詞翻譯；③注意文化差異；④注意習(xí)語、諺語。河北中考考點精練AThe__television__is__one__of__the__greatest__technological__inventions__of__the__20th__century.AScottishmancalledJohnLogieBairdinventedit.InventorsintheUSAandEuropewereworkingonelectronictelevisionsystemsbutBairdusedamechanical(機械的)system.In1925，hewasabletosendthefirstblackandwhitepictureoftheheadofadollfromoneendofhisflat(公寓)totheother.Hethenusedalocalofficeboy，notthedoll，andthisteenagerwasthefirstpersonevertoappearonTV.InJanuary1926，Bairdinvitedscientiststohisflatandshowedthemhisinvention.Hecalledita“televisor”．LaterthatyearBairdstartedtheworld'sfirstTVstationandgaveitthename2TV.In1927，hesentimages(圖像)730kilometersfromLondontoGlasgowusingtelephonecables(電纜)．Ayearlater，hiscompanysentthefirsttransatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)TVimagesfromLondontoNewYork.BairdmadethefirsttelevisionprogrammesfortheBBCin1929.Theseprogrammeshadsound，notjustpictures.However，Baird'ssystemwasverylimited(有限的)andbasic.Atotallyelectronicsystemwasmorepopularandpractical.TheinventorofthiselectronicsystemwasanAmerican，PhiloFarnsworth.In1936，theBBCstartedusingFarnsworth'ssystembecausethepicturewasbetterthanBaird's.MoreandmorepeoplehadtelevisionsaftertheSecondWorldWar.ColourTVbeganintheUSAinthe1940sbutonlyasmallnumberofpeoplehadcolourtelevisionsintheirhouses.Theywereveryexpensive.InBritainandtheUSA，thefirstregular(有規(guī)律的)colourTVprogrammesonlybeganin1967.Nowinthe21stcentury，wehavedigital(數(shù)字的)televisions.TVhaschangedalotsincethefaceofaboyappearedonTVinJohnLogieBaird'sflat!1題完成句子；2、3題簡略回答問題；4題找出并寫下全文的主題句；5題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。1．InJanuary1926，Bairdinvitedscientiststohisflattosee__his__invention__．2．WhowasthefirstpersontoappearonTV?__A__local__office__boy.__________________________________________________________________________3．Whendidcolourtelevisionsgointopeople'shousesintheUSA?__In__the__1940s.__________________________________________________________________________4．Thepassagemainlytellsusabout__the__development__of__the__television__．5．__電視是二十世紀(jì)最偉大的科技發(fā)明之一。B(2019保定定興縣一模)May12th,2018isthe10thanniversary(紀(jì)念日)ofthe2008Sichuanearthquake.Theearthquakecausedahugelosstopeople.Peoplewanttoknowwhatwecandowhenwemeetaccidents.Howcanwedealwithaccidentsinourdailylife?TheearthquakeisthefirstthingthatIwanttotalkabout.Firstly,youneedtorushtoopenspacequicklyifyouareonalowerfloor.Meanwhile,youshouldavoidtreesorwires(電線)aroundyou.Youneedtostayinacornerwhichseemshardenoughifyouareonahigherfloor.Donotbeajumper!Youshouldkeepyourbodysafeandwaitforotherstohelpyou.Whenitcomestofire,youneedtoknowthedirectionofthefireandfindoutsecurityexits.Thebestwayistocoveryournoseandmouthwithawettowel.Thenyoushouldstayclosetothefloorandmovequickly.Donotuseelevators.Anotheraccidentisdrowning(溺水).Everysummer,about5，000kidsdiebecauseofswimmingaloneintheriverorthelake.Expertssaythatwemightdrownifwestruggle(掙扎)withallourmight.That'sbecauseitwouldmakethewaterflowmorequickly.Sowhatweshoulddoistotakeadeepbreath,lieonthewaterandwaitforotherstosaveus.In__a__word,__all__kinds__of__accidents__will__happen__in__our__daily__life.Themostnecessarythingistokeepcalmandfindaway.Weshouldbelievewecannotonlygetachancetosaveourselvesbutalsohelpothersifwelearnabouthowtodealwiththeminthefirstplace.1、2題完成句子；3題簡略回答問題；4題找出并寫下全文的主題句；5題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。1．The2008Sichuanearthquakecaused__a__huge__loss__topeople.2．Thebestwayistocoveryournoseandmouth__with__a__wet__towel__whenthere'safire.3．Whyshouldn'twestruggleinthewateraccordingtothepassage?__Because__it__would__make__the__water__flow__more__quickly./Because__we__might__drown.__4．__How__can__we__deal__with__accidents__in__our__daily__life？__5．__總之，在我們的日常生活中會發(fā)生各種事故。__C(2019邯鄲三模)HuaweiIntroducesFoldablePhonesHuaweiintroducedMateX,afoldable5GsmartphoneinFebruary.Ontheeveningof24th,YuChengdong，CEOofHuawei'sConsumerBusinessGroup,showedthenewHuaweiMateXatMobileWorldCongress.Hesaid，“Webringyouthefutureofdesign,thefutureoftechnology.”TheHuaweiMateXhasa6.6-inchscreenthatcanbeopenedtobecomean8-inchscreen.Itallowsuserstoreade-booksorwatchvideos.________itisopened,thesmartphonemeasuresonly5.4mmthick.Whenitisclosed,itis11mm.What'smore,thephonesupports5G,whichmeansuserscandownloadawholemovieinafewseconds.Topowerthephone,theMateXhastwobatteries.Itisalsothefastestchargingphoneintheindustry.Youshouldbeabletoget85percentpowerinjust30-minutecharging.The__ability__of__5G__will__“change__the__world__that__we__know__at__present”.YuChengdongsaidthephonewillbepricedat2，299andisexpectedtogoonsalethissummer.ThomasHussonsaid，“TheMateXclearlyshowsthatHuaweiisatechnologyinnovationleader.”AsaChinesetechnologycompany,HuaweiistheprideofourChinesepeople.1題完成句子；2題簡略回答問題；3題將文中橫線處空缺的單詞寫在下面的答題線上；4題找出并寫下全文的主題句；5題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。1．Userscandownloadawholemoviein__a__few__seconds__byusing5G.2．HowmuchwilltheMateXbe?__2，299./__It__will__be__priced__at__2，299.__3．__When__4．__Huawei__introduced__Mate__X,__a__foldable__5G__smart__phone__in__February.__5．__5G的能力將會改變目前我們所認(rèn)識的世界。__D(2019唐山豐南區(qū)二模)Heritage(遺產(chǎn))istraditionalcustoms,historyandbeliefs.Weusetheword“heritage”inmanydifferentways.Peopletalkabouttheirfamilyheritage，cityheritageandnationalheritage.Today,heritageischanging.TheInternetconnectspeoplearoundtheworld.Inmanywaysthisisagoodthing,becausewecanlearnabouttheheritageofothercountries,andwecanshowourownheritagetotheworld.However,somepeopleworrythattraditionalheritageisdisappearing.Inmanyways,countriesarebecomingmoreandmorealike.Inmostcountriesaroundtheworld,youcanfindKFC,Nikeshoes,Starbuckscoffee,Americanmoviesandsoon.Somepeoplethinkthisisagoodchange,andothersdon't