2生技大二學(xué)習(xí)英語u

KeyWordsandExpressionsTextATechnologyandHappiness1.IntheUnitedStates,forinstance,grossdomesticproduct

percapitatripledfrom1950to2000.Lifeexpectancy

soared.(Para.1)grossdomesticproductpercapita=GDP,人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值Hisgrossannualincome,beforetax,isjust$12,000.GDP≠GNP(grossnationalproduct,國民生產(chǎn)總值)GDP—Themonetaryvalueofallthefinishedgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountry'sbordersinaspecifictimeperiodGNP—Thetotalmonetaryvalueofallthegoodsandservicesproducedbyanationduringaspecifiedtimeperiod1-2

TextATechnologyandHappinesstriple(v.)=growtothreetimestheamountornumber(增至三倍)Noteotherrelatedverbs:double翻一番

triple三倍于；（使）增至三倍quadruple四倍于；（使）增至四倍quintuple五倍于；（使）增至三五倍increasebyXtimes/folds

soar(v.)riserapidlyortoaveryhighlevel驟升，猛增，騰飛如今一座座高樓在這里拔地而起。High-risingbuildingssoarfromtheland.人們在數(shù)字世界里自由翱翔。Peoplesoarfreelyinthisdigitalworld.2-2

TextATechnologyandHappiness2.TheboominproductivityafterWorldWarIImadegoodsbetterandcheaperatthesametime.Thingsthatwereonce

luxuries,suchasjettravelandlong-distancephonecalls,becamenecessities.(Para.1)boom(n.)aperiodofhigheconomicgrowthcharacterizedbyrisingwages,profits,andprices,fullemployment,andhighlevelsofinvestment,trade,andothereconomicactivities繁榮（時期），迅速增長（期），景氣ThereportischaracterizedbyitsuniqueanalysisoftherealestatemarketboominChina.這篇報道的特點在于它對中國房地產(chǎn)市場繁榮的獨特分析。我爸爸是五十年代生育高峰期出生的。Myfatherisamemberofthebabyboomgenerationinthe1950s.1-2

TextATechnologyandHappinessThingsthatwereonceluxuries,suchas…,becamenecessities.“l(fā)uxuries”and“necessities”hereformacontrast.boom(v.)toprosperorcausetoprospervigorouslyandrapidly興隆WiththefinalrecoveryoftheGreatDepression,economyinAmericagraduallyboomed,especiallytherealestatebusiness.隨著經(jīng)濟大蕭條的最終恢復(fù)，美國經(jīng)濟逐漸興盛起來，尤其是房地產(chǎn)業(yè)。2-2

TextATechnologyandHappiness3.Infact,thepercentageofpeoplewhosaytheyare“veryhappy”hasfallenslightlysincetheearly1970s—eventhoughtheincomeofpeoplebornin1940has,onaverage,increasedby116percentoverthecourseoftheirworkinglives.(Para.2)

onaverage

inmostcases,usually大多情況下，通常，平均Arecentstudyshowsthatchildrengetcellphonesatage8

on

average.一項最近的研究顯示，兒童平均擁有手機的年齡為八歲。BarbecuingislovedbyAmericansinparticular—3outof4Americanhouseholdsownagrillandtheyuseit

onaverage

5timespermonth.美國人格外喜愛燒烤，四分之三的美國家庭擁有燒烤架，并且平均每個月使用五次。1-1

TextATechnologyandHappiness4.Easterlinshowedthatwhenitcametodevelopedcountries,therewasnorealcorrelationbetweenanation’sincomelevelanditscitizens’happiness.Money,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness—atleastnotafteracertainpoint.Easterlinshowedthatthoughpovertywasstrongly

correlatedwithmisery,onceacountrywassolidlymiddle-class,gettingwealthierdidnotseemtomakeitscitizensanyhappier.(Para.3)correlation(n.)相關(guān)度/關(guān)聯(lián)

—link,connection,relationshipcorrelate(vt.)(~…with)Doyoubelievethatone’swayoflearningiscloselycorrelatedwithhislearningeffect?你是否認為，一個人的學(xué)習(xí)方法與他的學(xué)習(xí)效果密切相關(guān)？Theresearcherscannotcorrelatethetwosetsoffigures.研究者們看不出這兩組數(shù)據(jù)有什么關(guān)聯(lián)。1-1

TextATechnologyandHappiness5.Onefamousstudyshowedthatalthoughwinnerswerevery,veryhappywhentheywon,theirextremeexcitementquicklyevaporated,andafterawhiletheirmoodsandsenseofwell-beingwereindistinguishablefromwhattheyhadbeenbeforethevictory.(Para.4)evaporate

(v.)causetochangeintoavapor;becomelessintenseandfadeawaygradually蒸發(fā)；消失vapor(n.

蒸氣)→evaporate(v.

蒸發(fā))→evaporation(n.

蒸發(fā))陽光很快就會將水蒸發(fā)掉。Thesunevaporateswaterveryquickly.小心，不要因為蒸發(fā)作用而失去過多的水分。Becarefulnottolosetoomuchliquidbyevaporation.1-2Reason?—

Peopleadaptveryquicklytogoodnews.indistinguishable(adj.)exactlyalike;incapableofbeingperceivedasdifferent不能辨別的，不能區(qū)分的Johnisknownasasuperbaker:aBigMacboughtinMcDonaldisindistinguishablefromthesamehamburgerinhisbakery.約翰是一位超級烘培師，在麥當勞買的巨無霸與在他店里買的漢堡包沒什么區(qū)別。蝙蝠可以發(fā)出一種為人耳所不易察覺的聲音。Batscouldmakeasoundthatwasindistinguishabletothehumanear.Collocation:distinguishAfromBdistinguish

betweenAandBTextATechnologyandHappiness2-26.Youcanseethisprincipleatworkintheworldof

technologyeveryday.(Para.5)atwork:havinganeffectonsth.Thepillsareatwork,andheissleepinglikealognow.經(jīng)濟學(xué)家們正在研究通貨膨脹在經(jīng)濟中的作用。Economistsarenowstudyingtheinflationaryforcesatworkintheeconomy.TextATechnologyandHappiness

makenodifference:

notmatteratall

Thechildalwaysfeltneglectedbyhisfamily,andnomatterhowhardhetriedtodoeverything,itmadenodifference.

Youcanhaveasingleordoubleroom,—itmakesnodifferencetotheprice.TextATechnologyandHappiness7.Doesourfastassimilationoftechnologicalprogressmean,then,thattechnologymakesnodifference?(Para6)TextATechnologyandHappiness8.No.Itjustmakesthequestionoftechnology’simpact,forgoodorill,morecomplicated.(Para.6)

forgoodorill:

whethertheresultsaregoodorbad不論好歹不管怎么樣，使用者已經(jīng)極大地影響了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展。Forgoodorill,usershavegreatlyinfluencedthedevelopmentoftheInternet.Butbiotechnologywillalsobecomeagamethatalmostanyonecanplay—forfunorprofit;recklesslyorresponsibly;forgoodorill.但生物技術(shù)也由此可能成為人人皆可參與的游戲——這些人有的為樂趣或為利潤，有人冒冒失失有人胸懷責(zé)任，有人用心良苦也有人居心叵測。1-19.Telemarketing,trafficjams,andidentitytheftall

cometomind.(Para6)cometomind:make(one)suddenlythinkof

Themomentwhenhelockedthedoor,itcametohismindthathelefthiswalletintheroom.看到這幅圖，你第一個會想到什么東西？

Atsightofthispicture,whatisthefirstthingthatcomestoyourmind?TextATechnologyandHappiness10.

fragile

(Para7)a.easilybrokenordamagedTheporcelainplatesaresofragilethatwemusthandlethemwithcare.Twoambulanceattendantspickeduphisfragilebodyandputhimontoastretcher.建立在利益基礎(chǔ)上的友誼是脆弱的。Friendshipbasedoninterestisfragile.TextATechnologyandHappinessTextATechnologyandHappiness11.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand

fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)

disrupt

(vt.)bringorthrowintodisorder

Protestersdisruptedthecandidate’sspeech.轉(zhuǎn)校，尤其是在11歲至16歲之間，很容易打斷一個孩子的教育。Movingtoanewschoolcaneasilydisruptachild’seducation,especiallybetweentheagesofelevenandsixteen.Collocations:disrupttraffic

引起交通混亂

disruptschedule擾亂計劃1-1fracture:v.

(causeto)breakorcrack

Theoldladyfelldownthestairs,andherrightlegfracturedintwoplaces.他被提名破壞了權(quán)利的微妙平衡。Thenominationofhimfracturedthedelicatebalanceofpower.TextATechnologyandHappiness12.Thenotionthattechnologydisruptsrelationshipsand

fracturescommunitygainedmainstreamprominenceasanattackontelevision.(Para.7)

prominence

(n.)thestateorqualityofbeingprominent突出，顯著，重要這位年輕的時裝設(shè)計師聲望越來越高。

Thisyoungfashiondesignerisrisingtoprominence.

TheChinesecivilizationhasalwaysgivenprominencetounremittingself-improvement,reformandinnovation.中華文明歷來強調(diào)自強不息，革故鼎新。嶄露頭角

重視1-1

1.Whatdopeopleblametelevisionmainlyfor?Televisionistoblamemainlyforinterferingwiththesmoothdevelopmentofrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandbreakingupcommunityunity.2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.人們對電視的批評主要集中在以下方面：技術(shù)擾亂了人際關(guān)系、破壞了社區(qū)交往。TextATechnologyandHappiness13.Today,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobe

stuckwiththeoldone.Someoneelse,inotherwords,hasitbetter.It’sasifdisappointmentwere

builtintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)be

stuck

withhaveordealwithsth.unwantedunwillingly被…纏住無法擺脫Shallwebe

stuck

withtherainydaysuntiltheendoftheholiday?

我們得一直等到假度完了才能擺脫這下雨天嗎？Iam

stuck

withtheworkwhichisfarbeyondmyabilityintheend.那個我根本完成不了的工作最終還是推給我了。1-1TextATechnologyandHappiness14.Thepointisobvious:thevastmajorityofpeoplearehappytobealive,andthemoretimetheygetonearth,thebetter

offtheyfeelthey’llbe.Butuntilveryrecently,lifeforthevastmajorityofpeoplewasnasty,rough,andshort.Technologyhaschangedthat,atleastforpeopleintherichworld.(Para.10)

rough(adj.)(offoodandlivingconditions)notdelicateorcomfortable;simple（食物、生活環(huán)境等）粗陋，簡陋的Howcouldyouhavethehearttoletalittlegirlof6todosucharoughjob?你怎么能忍心讓一個六歲的小女孩干這么重的活兒呢?Theseahadbeenroughandtheskiesgrayalmostallthewayover.幾乎一路上都是海濤洶涌，天空灰暗。1-1DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessMoney,Easterlinargued,couldnotbuyhappiness--atleastnotafteracertainpoint.(para3.L32)1-3Whatdoesthissentenceimply?Moneycan’tbringpeoplehappiness,atleastwhenpeople’swealthhasreachedtoacertainlevel.Translation:

可是，現(xiàn)代的技術(shù)評論文章多半都沒有把焦點集中在具體的、有害的技術(shù)上，而是集中在了技術(shù)對人際關(guān)系的影響上。Paraphrase:However,currentcommentsontechnologyhavemostlycenteredonthebadeffectsoftechnologyonourhumanrelationshipsratherthanparticular,harmfultechnologies.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessButforthemostpart,moderncritiquesoftechnologyhavefocusednotsomuchonspecific,badtechnologiesastheimpactoftechnologyonourhumanrelationships.(Para.6)notsomuch…as…=與其說……不如說(否定前者，肯定后者)Heisnotsomuchgeniusasahardworker.Happinesshingesnotsomuchonwealthasonhealth.他的努力勝于天分?？鞓放c其說在于財富倒不如說在于健康。1-3DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappinessToday,technologicalchangeissorapidthatwhenyoubuysomething,youdosoknowingthatinafewmonthsthere’sgoingtobeabetter,fasterversionoftheproduct,andthatyou’regoingtobestuckwiththeoldone.(Para.9)1.Withtechnologychangingsorapidly,isitpossibleforpeopletobuythebestproduct?Whyorwhynot?Wehavetokeepitevenifwedon’tlikeitanymore.2.Whatcanwedowiththeoldversionoftheproduct?No,becauserapiddevelopmentoftechnologywillalwayssoonproduceabetterone.TextATechnologyandHappinessIt’sasifdisappointmentwerebuiltintoacquisitionfromtheverybeginning.(Para.9)Whatdoesthissentencemean?Itseemsasifpeopleweredoomedtodisappointmentthemomenttheyboughttheproduct.DifficultSentencesTextATechnologyandHappiness日常生活的壓力、一種令人煩惱的失望感、對政府知道你的情況超出你希望程度的恐懼感——這些顯然都是技術(shù)降低了人們幸福感的幾個方面。Dailystress,anannoyingsenseofdisappointment,fearthatthegovernmentknowsalotmoreaboutyouthanyouwouldlikeitto—theseareobviouslysomeofthewaysinwhichtechnologyreducespeople’ssenseofwell-being.(Para10)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.TextATechnologyandHappiness…themoretimetheygetonearth,thebetterofftheyfeelthey’llbe.(Para10)Whatdoesthissentencemean?…thelongerlifepeopleliveintheworld,thehappiertheyfeelthey’llbe.“howvaluablefor…arethebenefits…”isanexclamatorysentence(感嘆句)usedasanobjectclausefor“remembering”.Thedeclarative

sentence(陳述句)canbe“thebenefitsthat