2023年高考英語(yǔ)試題及答案(北京卷)2

2023年普通高校招生統(tǒng)一考試北京卷〔英語(yǔ)〕(總分值150分，時(shí)間120分鐘)第I卷〔選擇題，共115分〕第一局部聽(tīng)力理解〔共兩節(jié)，30分〕〔共5小題；每題1.5分，共7.5分〕聽(tīng)下面五段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題。從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話你將聽(tīng)一遍。例：Whatisthemangoingtoread?A.Anewspaper.B.Amagazine.C.Abook.答案是A。1.Howfastcanthewomantype?15wordsaminute.45wordsaminute.80wordsaminute.2.Whichprogramdoesthemanlikemost?A.Sports.B.History.C.News.3.WhichlanguagedoesMr.Whitespeakwell?A.French.B.Spanish.C,Japanese.4.Whatwasinthewoman’smissingbag?5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookstore.〔共15小題；每題1.5分，共22.5分〕聽(tīng)下面6段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀每題。聽(tīng)完后，每題將給出5秒鐘的做答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白你將聽(tīng)兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，答復(fù)第6至7題。6.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasheadaches.B.Hehasarunnynose.C.Hehasatemperature.7.Whendidtheproblembegin?A.Twoweeksago.B.Twomonthsago.C.Threemonthsago.聽(tīng)第7段材料，答復(fù)第8至9題。8.Whydidthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Tochangeherappointment.B.Todiscussabusinessplan.C.Toarrangeanexhibition.9.Whenaretheygoingtomeet?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至11題。10.Whateventwillyoutakepartinifyoulovetodance?A.RiverFestival.B.YouthCelebrations.C.SongsofSummer.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheannouncement?A.Tointroduceperformers.B.Tointroduceaprogram.C.Tointroducevariouscountries.聽(tīng)第9段材料，答復(fù)第12至14題。12.Howmucharethedoublerooms?A.From$180to$240.B.From$180to$270.C.From$270to$330.13.Whatisincludedintheprice?A.Servicecharge.B.Breakfast.C.Tax.14.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toaskforanextrabed.B.Tochecktheroomrates.C.Tochangehisreservation.聽(tīng)第10段材料，答復(fù)第15至17題。15.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Picturebooks.B.Referencebooks.C.Cookbooks.16.HowmuchisWorldwideFish?A.￡12.B.￡15C.￡1717.Whichbooksdoesthewomandecidetobuy?A.SomethingFishy.B.WorldwideFish.C.TastyFish.聽(tīng)第11段材料，答復(fù)第18至20題。18.WhatdidMariadorightaftergraduation?A.Sheenteredpolitics.B.Sheworkedasateacher.C.Sheworkedforherfather.19.WheredidMariasetupherfirstcoffeebar?A.London.B.Singapore.C.NewYork.20.Howmanycoffeebarsdoesshehavenow?A.10.B.80.C.85.第二局部：知識(shí)運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，45分〕單項(xiàng)填空〔共15小題；每題1分，共15分〕從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain.____,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smoreB.That’stosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。 21.Johnplaysbasketballwell,___hisfavoritesportisbadminton.A.soB.orC.yetD.for22.Youmayusetheroomasyoulike___youcleanitupafterwards.A.sofarasB.solongasC.incaseD.evenif23.Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniverse___intobeing.A.cameB.wascomingC.hadcomeD.wouldcome24.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit___onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow25.Oneofthefewthingsyou___sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can26.–Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?–Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.WhichC.WhenD.that27.Thewaytheguests___inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.A.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated28.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationinamoreeffectiveway.A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent29.Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,____littleforeignownership.A.byB.ofC.withD.from30.WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butbythetimewe___up,hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.A.werehangingB.hadhungC.hungD.wouldhang31.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee___itgotanybetter.A.whenB.howC.whyD.if32.Johnwasgiventhesamesuitcasehisfatherandgrandfather___withthemtoschool.A.tookB.hadtakenC.weretakingD.wouldtake33.Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof___9-storybuilding.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a34.____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten35.Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswith___extrastress.A.itB.themC.oneD.him第二節(jié)完形填空〔共20小題，每題1.5分，共30分〕閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。James’sNewBicycleJamesshookhismoneyboxagain.Nothing!Hecarefully__36__thecoinsthatlayonthebed.$24.52wasallthathehad.Thebicyclehewantedwasatleast$90!__37__onearthwashegoingtogetthe__38__ofthemoney?Heknewthathisfriendsallhadbicycles.Itwas__39__tohangaroundwithpeoplewhenyouweretheonlyonewithoutwheels.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddo.Therewasno__40__askinghisparents,forheknewtheyhadnomoneyto__41__.Therewasonlyonewaytogetmoney,andthatwasto__42__it.Hewouldhavetofindajob.__43__whowouldhirehimandwhatcouldhedo?HedecidedtoaskMr.Clayforadvice,whousuallyhad__44__onmostthings.“Well,youcanstartrighthere,〞saidMr.Clay.“Mywindowsneedcleaningandmycarneedswashing.〞Thatwasthe__45__ofJames’sodd-job(零工)business.Forthreemonthsheworkedeverydayafterfinishinghishomework.Hewasamazedbythe__46__ofjobsthatpeoplefoundforhimtodo.Hetookdogsandbabiesforwalks,clearedoutcupboards,andmendedbooks.Helostcountofthe__47__ofcarshewashedandwindowshecleaned,butthe__48__increasedandheknewthathewouldsoonhave__49__forthebicyclehelongedfor.Theday__50__camewhenJamescountedhismoneyandfound$94.32.He__51__notimeandwentdowntotheshoptopickupthebicyclehewanted.Herode__52__home,lookingforwardtoshowinghisnewbicycletohisfriends.Ithadbeenhard__53__forthemoney,butJamesknewthathevaluedhisbicyclefarmore__54__hehadboughtitwithhisownmoney.Hehad__55__whathethoughtwasimpossible,andthatwasworthevenmorethanthebicycle.36.A.cleanedB.coveredC.countedD.checked37.A.HowB.WhyC.WhoD.What38.A.amountB.partC.sumD.rest39.A.braveB.hardC.smartD.unfair40.A.pointB.reasonC.resultD.right41.A.splitB.spendC.spareD.save42.A.borrowB.earnC.raiseD.collect43.A.OrB.SoC.ForD.But44.A.decisionsB.experienceC.opinionsD.knowledge45.A.beginningB.introductionC.requirementD.opening46.A.similarityB.qualityC.suitabilityD.variety47.A.brandB.numberC.sizeD.type48.A.effortB.pressureC.moneyD.trouble49.A.allB.enoughC.muchD.some50.A.finallyB.instantlyC.normallyD.regularly51.A.gaveB.leftC.tookD.wasted52.A.patientlyB.proudlyC.silentlyD.tiredly53.A.applyingB.askingC.lookingD.working54.A.sinceB.ifC.thanD.though55.A.deservedB.benefitedC.achievedD.learned第三局部：閱讀理解〔共20題，每題2分，共40分〕、閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHowITurnedtoBeOptimisticIbegantogrowupthatwinternightwhenmyparentsandIwerereturningfrommyaunt'shouse,andmymothersaidthatwemightsoonbeleavingforAmerica.Wewereonthebusthen.Iwascrying,andsomepeopleonthebuswereturningaroundtolookatme.IrememberthatIcouldnotbearthethoughtofneverhearingagaintheradioprogramforschoolchildrentowhichIlistenedeverymorning.Idonotremembermyselfcryingforthisreasonagain.Infact,IthinkIcriedverylittlewhenIwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee-—thestrangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.ThecountryIwasleavingnevertocomebackwashardlyinmyheadthen.Thefouryearsthatfollowedtaughtmetheimportanceofoptimism,buttheideadidnotcometomeatonce.ForthefirsttwoyearsinNewYorkIwasreallylost—havingtostudyinthreeschoolsasaresultoffamilymoves.IdidnotquiteknowwhatIwasorwhatIshouldbe.Motherremarried,andthingsbecameevenmorecomplexforme.SometimepassedbeforemystepfatherandIgotusedtoeachother.Iwasoftensad,andsawnoendto"thehardtimes."MyresponsibilitiesinthefamilyincreasedalotsinceIknewEnglishbetterthaneveryoneelseathome.Iwroteletters,filledoutforms,translatedatinterviewswithImmigrationofficers,tookmygrandparentstothedoctorandtranslatedthere,andevendiscussedtelephonebillswithcompanyrepresentatives.FrommyexperiencesIhavelearnedoneimportantrule:almostallcommontroubleseventuallygoaway!Somethinggoodiscertaintohappenintheendwhenyoudonotgiveup,andjustwaitalittle!Ibelievethatmylifewillturnoutallright,eventhoughitwillnotbethateasy.HowdidtheauthorgettoknowAmerica?A.Fromherrelatives.B.Fromhermother.C.Frombooksandpictures.D.Fromradioprograms.UponleavingforAmericatheauthorfelt_______.A.confusedB.excitedC.worriedDamazedForthefirsttwoyearsinNewYork,theauthor_________.A.oftenlostherwayB.didnotthinkaboutherfutureC.studiedinthreedifferentschoolsDgotonwellwithherstepfatherWhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph4?A.Sheworkedasatranslator.B.Sheattendedalotofjobinterviews.C.Shepaidtelephonebillsforherfamily.DShehelpedherfamilywithherEnglish.Theauthorbelievesthat______.A.herfuturewillbefreefromtroublesB.itisdifficulttolearntobecomepatientC.therearemoregoodthingsthanbadthingsD.goodthingswillhappenifonekeepstryingBDearFriend,Therecentsuccessofchildren'sbookshasmadethegeneralpublicawarethatthere'sahugemarketoutthere.Andthere'sagrowingneedfornewwriterstrainedtocreatethe$3billionworthofchildren'sbooksboughteachyear...plusstoriesandarticlesneededbyover650publishersofmagazinesforchildrenandteenagers.Whoaretheseneededwriters?They'reordinaryfolkslikeyouandme.ButamIgoodenough?Iwasoncewhereyoumightbenow.Mythoughtsofwritinghadbeenpusheddownbyself-doubt,andIdidn'tknowwheretoturnforhelp.Then,IacceptedafreeofferfromtheInstitutetotestmywritingaptitude(潛能),anditturnedouttobetheinspirationIneeded.ThepromisethatpaidoffTheInstitutemadethesamepromisetomethattheywillmaketoyou,ifyoushowbasicwritingability:Youwillcompleteatleastonemanuscript(手稿)suitabletohandintoapublisherbythetimeyoufinishourcourse.Ireallydidn'texpectanypublicationbeforeIfinishedthecourse,butthathappened.Isoldthreestories.AndIsoondiscoveredthatwasnotunusualattheInstitute.Sincegraduation,Ihaveauthored34nationallypublishedchildren'sbooksandover300storiesandarticles.FreetestandbrochureWeofferafreeaptitudetestandwillsendyouacopyofourbrochuredescribingourrecognizedhome-studycoursesonthebasisofone-on-onetraining.Realizeyourwritingdreamtoday.There'snothingsadderthanadreamdelayeduntilitfadesforever.Sincerely,KristiHoll,InstructorInstituteofFromthefirstthreeparagraphs,welearnthat_____.A.children'sbooksareusuallybestsellersB.publishersaremaking$3billioneachyearC.magazinesforteenagershavedrawnpublicattentionD.thereisagrowingneedforwritersofchildren'sbooks62.Whenfinishingthecourse,youarepromisedto_____.A.beasuccessfulpublisherB.becomeaconfidenteditorC.finishoneworkforpublicationD.getonestoryorarticlepublished63.KristiHollmentionsherexperiencemainlyto_____.A.provesheisagoodinstructorB.promotethewritingprogramC.giveheradviceoncoursepreparationD.showshesoldmorestoriesthanarticleCHowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelingsArchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，實(shí)證的)basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofInadditionstoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant'sabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUsingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim(暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardSofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings."Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe'realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw(吸管),"architectDavidAllisonsays."Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?That'swhatwe'reallstrugglingwith."WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.Furniture.Thepassagetellsusthat______.A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople'sfeelingsB.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents'creativityC.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgradesD.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxedTheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat______.A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystepB.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselvesC.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetectD.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns67.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSP:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C:ConclusionDWhenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,theartsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant.Toooftenitisviewedasmereentertainment,butcertainlynotaneducationpriority(優(yōu)先).Thisviewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.Musictellsuswhoweare.Becausemusicisanexpressionofthebeingswhocreateit,itreflectstheirthinkingandvalues,aswelladthesocialenvironmentitcameinfluencethatGeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecauseitcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicexpressesourcharacterandvalues.Itgivesusidentityasasociety.Musicprovidesakindofperception(感知)thatcannotbeacquiredanyotherway.Sciencecanexplainhowthesunrisesandsets.Theartsexploretheemotive(情感的)meaningofthesamephenomenon.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespondtoourworldforonesimplebutpowerfulreason:Noonewaycangetitall.Theartsareformsofthoughtaspowerfulinwhattheycommunicateasmathematicalandscientificsymbols.Theyarewayswehumanbeings“talk〞toeachother.Theyarethelanguageofcivilizationthroughwhichweexpressourfears,ourcuriosities,ourhungers,ourdiscoveries,ourhopes.Theartsarewayswegiveformtoourideasandimaginationsothattheycanbesharedwithothers.Whenwedonotgivechildrenaccesstoanimportantwayofexpressingthemselvessuchasmusic,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.Scienceandtechnologydonottelluswhatitmeanstobehuman.Theartsdo.Musicisanimportantwayweexpresshumansuffering,celebration,themeaningandvalueofpeaceandlove.Somusiceducationisfarmorenecessarythanpeopleseemtorealize.68.AccordingtoParagraph1,studentsA.regardmusicasawayofentertainmentB.disagreewiththeirparentsoneducationC.viewmusicasanoverlookedsubjectD.prefertheartstoscience69.InParagraph2,theauthorusesjazzanexampletoA.compareitwithrockmusicB.showmusicidentifiesasocietyC.introduceAmericanmusicaltraditionsD.provemusicinfluencespeople’slifestyles70.Accordingtothepassage,theartsandscience.A.approachtheworldfromdifferentanglesB.exploredifferentphenomenaoftheworldCexpresspeople’sfeelingsindifferentwaysD.explainwhatitmeanstobehumandifferently71.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Musiceducationdeservesmoreattention.B.Musicshouldbeoftopeducationpriority.C.Musicisaneffectivecommunicationtool.D.Musiceducationmakesstudentsmoreimaginative.ECampingwildisawonderfulwaytoexperiencethenaturalworldand,atitsbest,itmakeslittleenvironmentalinfluence.Butwithincreasingnumbersofpeoplewantingtoescapeintothewilderness,itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusively(不引人注目地)andleavenomark.Wildcampingisnotpermittedinmanyplaces,particularlyincrowdedlowlandBritain.Whereveryouare,findoutaboutorganizationsresponsibleformanagingwildspaces,andcontactthemtofindouttheirpolicyoncampingandshelterbuilding.Forexample,itisfinetocampwildinremotepartsofScotland,butinEnglandyoumustaskthelandowner’spermission,exceptinnationalparks.Campingisabouthavingrelaxation,sleepingoutdoors,experiencingbadweather,andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy,fully-equippedcampsite(野營(yíng)地)seemstogoagainstthis,soseekoutsmaller,moreremoteplaceswitheasyaccesstoopenspacesandperhapsbeaches.Betterstill,findacampsitewithnoroadaccess:walkinginmakesarealadventure.Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight’ssleep.Chooseacampsitewithprivacyandminimuminfluenceonothersandtheenvironment.Trytouseanareawherepeoplehaveobviouslycampedbeforeratherthancreatinganewspot.Whencampinginwoodland,avoidstandingdeadtrees,whichmayfallonawindynight.Avoidanimalrunsandcaves,andpossiblehomesofbitinginsects.Makesureyouhavemostprotectiononthewindwardside.Ifyoumakeafire,dosodownwindofyourshelter.Alwaysconsiderwhatinfluenceyoumighthaveonthenaturalworld.Avoiddamagingplants.Agoodcampsiteisfound,notmade—changingitshouldbeunnecessary.72.Youneedn’taskforpermissionwhencampingin.A.nationalparksinEnglandB.mostpartsofScotlandC.crowdedlowlandBritainD.mostpartsofEngland73.Theauthorthinksthatagoodcampsiteisone.A.witheasyaccessB.usedpreviouslyCwithmodernconveniencesDfarawayfrombeaches74.ThelastparagraphmainlydealswithA.protectinganimalsBbuildingacampfireCcampinginwoodlandDfindingacampsitewithprivacy75ThepassageismainlyaboutAtheprotectionofcampsitesBtheimportanceofwildcampingCthehumaninfluenceoncampsitesDthedosanddon’tsofwildcamping第二卷〔共35分〕第四局部：書(shū)面表達(dá)〔共兩節(jié)，35分〕情景作文〔20分〕假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華，為響應(yīng)綠化祖國(guó)的號(hào)召，你班四