語(yǔ)言測(cè)試講課稿

語(yǔ)言測(cè)試Introductionthetraditionaloressay-translationapproach

pre-scientific,consistingofessaywriting,translation,grammaticalanalysis,theaimoflanguageteaching≠communication,subjectivejudgment,noobjectivecriteriaIntroductionPsychometrics--earlyinthe20thcentury--intelligenceandlanguageproficiency--aframeworkfornorm-referencedtest常模參照測(cè)試--basedontheassumptionofnormaldistribution正態(tài)分布o(jì)fscoresandofmaximizingthedifferencesbetweentesttakers--features:p25--thelevelandrangeofitemdifficultyanddiscrimination

IntroductionStructurallinguistics1.theGenevaschool2.Americanstructuralism

3.theCopenhagenlinguisticcircle哥本哈根學(xué)派

4.contextualism語(yǔ)境學(xué)派5.thePragueschool布拉格學(xué)派IntroductionSaussure--thefatherandpioneerofstructuralism--languageisarelationalsystemofformal--theinternalrelationsoflanguage,noneedtoresorttopsychologyorthesocialscience--basicassumptions:p27IntroductionAmericanstructuralism

SapirandBloomfieldBloomfielderaanddistrubitionalism

Agraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingp30Language--aninstrumentofcommunication(LadoandHarris)--structuralandcontextualignored(theoreticallyinsignificant,lesspracticallymanageable)

Agraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingAnalysis--languageproficiencyisdivisible--fourmodes:listening,speaking,reading,andwriting--phonemes(speechsound),graphemes(writingsymbols),lexemes(words),grammaticalstructurestherateandgeneralfrequencyabilities

Agraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingCriterionproficiency標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言能力

--whatpeopleknowabouttheirlanguageinordertouseitforcommunication.--apsychometric-structuralisttestdiffersfromatraditionaltest--allthefourbasicskillsbecometheintegralpartofacomprehensivetestoflanguageproficiencyAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetesting--notcommunicativetheformalknowledgeoflanguageasthecentral--fluencyandcomprehensionarecommunicativewhilepronunciation,grammarandvocabularyarestructuralAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetesting--compositiontestofwriting:organization,grammar,vocabularystructuralconceptualAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetesting--intypicalpsychometric-structuralisttestoflanguageproficiency,thereareseparatesectionsforvocabularyandgrammar--testsofphonologyandgraphologyaremeaningforbeginnersandelementarylearnersAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetesting--inadequate,lackingsociolinguistic,pragmaticandtextingknowledgeforcommunicationAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingSampling--theprocessofchoosingarepresentativeparttorepresentthepopulation(被測(cè)群體)--samplingerror--contrastiveanalysis(point-by-pointcomparisonofthetesttaker’stargetandnativelanguage)Agraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingTestproficiency

thetesttaker’sabilitytosolvethetestproblemspecificallychosenforatestingsituationAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingConstruction--theprocessofconvertingthetestproblemschosentotestitemsortasks

(1)Planningthetestp36(2)Preparingthetestitemsanddirections(3)Reviewingandrevisingthetestmaterials(4)Pre-testingandanalyzingtheresults(5)Assemblingthefinalformofthetest(6)ReproducingthetestAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingPreparingthetestitemsanddirections--multiple-choiceitemsconsistingofastem題干orleadandanumberofoptions,oneoftheoptionsbeingtheanswerandtheothersbeingthedistracters(干擾項(xiàng)）--constructed-answeritems

short-answeritemsandopen-endeditemsAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingReviewingandrevisingthetestmaterials

--individualswithexpertiseinteachingandtesting&carefulreviewPre-testingandanalyzingtheresults--statisticallysatisfactoryinthefinalversionofthetest--tworequirements:p39Agraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingAssemblingthefinalformofthetest

--assemblingmultiple-choiceitems(1)eachanswerpositionisusedaboutthesamenumberoftimes(2)theanswerpositionsdonotformanyobservationpatternAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingTestperformance

--whattesttakersdoonthetest--forced-choice&constructed-responseAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingMeasurement

--theprocessofquantifyingthetesttaker’sperformanceorusingnumericalvaluestorepresentandclassifythetesttaker’sperformanceAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingMeasurement

--NumberRightScoring:onepointi