-Unit4 Grammar- Intergrated skills 學(xué)案牛津譯林版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

AU4Grammar&Integratedskills新課講解Grammar（一）祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1.肯定的祈使句(1)動(dòng)詞原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請(qǐng)起立。(2)Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/當(dāng)心！(3)Let's+動(dòng)詞原形Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2.否定的祈使句(1)Don't+動(dòng)詞原形Don'tstandup.別站起來。Don'tbecareless.別粗心。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。(2)Let's(letsb)+not+動(dòng)詞原形Let'snotsayanythingaboutit.對(duì)于這件事，咱們什么也別說。Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。3.祈使句的反意疑問句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?請(qǐng)把門打開，好嗎？(2)否定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?別再遲到了，行不行？(3)以let's開頭的祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我們把電視打開，好嗎？【特別注意】只有以let's開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分才用shallwe，而letus開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分應(yīng)為willyou或won'tyou.如：Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?請(qǐng)（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？（二）should,oughtto和hadbetter1、掌握基本用法hadbetter，should，oughtto含義及語氣有所不同，請(qǐng)看下表：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義語氣備注hadbetter最好最弱Should與oughtto?？赏ㄓ胹hould應(yīng)該較強(qiáng)ought應(yīng)該較強(qiáng)2、should和oughtto均為提建議型情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,可表示“責(zé)任”、“義務(wù)”，常用來勸告別人去做某事，譯為“應(yīng)該”，還勇于糾正某人的錯(cuò)誤。其特點(diǎn)是：和另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞共同構(gòu)成謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形可以表示現(xiàn)在、將來或過去將來，由時(shí)間狀語或上下文決定。例如： Weoughttobemorecarefulwithourhomework.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)更加認(rèn)真地做作業(yè)。YoushouldfollowMr.Wang’sadvice.你應(yīng)當(dāng)聽王老師的話。sheshouldbebacktomorrow.它應(yīng)該明天回來。Ioughttodomyhomeworknow.我應(yīng)該現(xiàn)在就做作業(yè)。What’swrongwithmyanswer?Itshouldbe62,not26.我的答案出了什么錯(cuò)誤？它應(yīng)該是62，不是26。(1)、陳述句肯定形式：I/You/He/She/We/Theyshoulddiscussit.oughttodiscussit.否定形式：I/You/He/She/We/Theyshouldnot(shouldn’t)discussit.oughtnot(oughtn’t)todiscussit.(2)、一般疑問句：ShouldWediscussitnow?Oughtweto簡略回答：Yes,weshould/oughtto.No,weshouldn’t/oughtnot(oughtn’t)to.(3)、反意疑問句:Youshouldstudyhard,shouldn'tyou?你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，是嗎？Yououghttostudyhard,oughtn'tyou?Heshouldn’tspeakinclass,shouldhe?你上課不應(yīng)該講話，是嗎？Heoughtn'ttospeakinclass,oughthe?3、should和oughtto+havedone（一）should/oughtto+havedone意為本來應(yīng)做但實(shí)際沒有做，表達(dá)遺憾的感情色彩。例如：Therewasalotoffunatyesterday'sparty.Yououghttohavecome,butwhydidn'tyou?（二）shouldn’t/oughtn'ttohavedone，意為本來不應(yīng)做但實(shí)際已做，表達(dá)遺憾的感情色彩。例如：Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldn'thavelefthomewithoutaword.4、should和oughtto+bedoing，表示“應(yīng)該在（立即）……”例如：Yououghtn’ttobetalkingsomuch.你不應(yīng)當(dāng)說這么多話。Theyfelttheyoughttobedoingsomething.他們感到他們應(yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么事。5、hadbetter表示"最好"hadbetter作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形。I/You/He/She/We/Theyhadbettergotobedearly.I/You/He/She/We/They’dbettergotobedearly.(縮寫)(1)陳述句肯定形式：hadbetterdosthYouhadbettergothereatonce.你最好立即去那里。否定形式hadbetternotdosth

Youhadbetternotstartatthistime.此時(shí)你最好別出發(fā)。(2)一般疑問句：Hadhebetterstartearlyatonce?他最好立即出發(fā)嗎？Yes,hehad./No,hehadn’t.(3)反義疑問句：Youhadbetternotgohome,hadyou?你最好別回家，是嗎？Shehadbetterwatertheflowersassoonaspossible，hadn’tshe？她最好盡快給花澆水，不是嗎？【課堂練習(xí)】一、單詞拼寫1.Areyou(清楚)aboutourplan?2.Passmethe(剪刀),please.3.Where’syourdad?He(修理)hisbikeoverthere.4.Pleasereadallthe(指示)beforeyoutakethemedicine.5.Tellme(準(zhǔn)確地)whereheis.6.Theyoungparentswantto(裝飾)theroomforthebaby.7.Mydadiscaboutfootball.Heisafootballfan.8.Something(可怕的)happenedtothevillage.9.The(水管)wasbroken,andmyroomwasfwithwater.10.Suzy’scousinhastotakeacinDIY.Heisn’tgoodatit.11.Therearemany(架子)inthesupermarket.12.He(曾經(jīng))livedinShanghai13.Thousandsofpeopleathegreatman’sfuneral(葬禮).14.Cthetomatoesintwohalveswiththeknife.15.Alargebouquet(花束)ofrarrivedonherdesk.二、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Idon’tlikethispairofglassesatall.Pleaseshowme.A.theotherone B.theotherpair C.anotherone D.anotherpair()2.IsMr.Readreallyveryill?.He’sinhospital.A.Ihopeso. B.No,heisn’t C.Idon’tthinkso D.I’mafraidnot()3.Canyouhelpmerepairthebike?.Comeandgetitinhalfanhour.A.Noproblem B.I’msorryIcan’t C.Notatall D.It’sapleasure()4.Theremorecarsnowinourcountry.A.have B.are C.is D.has()5.You’dbettercomputergamestoomuch.A.nottoplay B.play C.notplay D.don’tplay()6.IthoughtthatyoufromShanghai.A.are B.were C.willbe D.was()7.You'dbettertoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.A.don'tspend B.nottospend C.tonotspend D.notspend()8.Pleasethecupwater.A.fill,in B.full;in C.fill;with D.full;with()9.Myrecorderisbroken.CouldIuseyours?,butyouhavetoreturnittomorrow.A.I'mnotsure B.Noproblem C.I'msorry InterestedD.Ihopeso()10.TomMaryspeaksgoodChinese,sotheycancommunicatewiththeseChinesestudentsverywell.A.Neither,norB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.Either;orIntegratedskill要點(diǎn)講解cut動(dòng)詞，意為“切，割”，其現(xiàn)在分詞為cutting,過去式為cut.Mymothercutthetomatoesinhalf.我媽媽把西紅柿切成了兩半。cut常見詞組：cutdown砍倒cutoff分開切斷cutopen割開cutin插嘴例：Iffarmers__________treesandforests,giantpandas_____nowheretolive.cutdown:haveB.willcutdown;willhaveC.willcutdown;haveD.cutdown;willhavePiecesof是apieceof的復(fù)數(shù)形式。不可數(shù)名詞不可以直接用數(shù)次修飾，但可以用像piecesof這樣的量詞修飾。有類似的用法還有apairof一對(duì)，一雙abottleof一瓶Where’sthatpieceofmetal?那塊金屬板在哪兒？Pleasegivemeapieceofbread.請(qǐng)給我一片面包Pleasedon’tgiveup請(qǐng)不要放棄Giveup意為放棄，同義詞為stop.后接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。giveupdoingsth=stopdoingsthHegaveupsmoking=Hestoppedsmoking.他戒了煙。Itwasadifficulttimeforthequake-hitvictimsinYa’an,buttheydidn’thope.Giveup B.Giveoff C.Givein D.Giveout.should和hadbetter的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should常用來表示勸告，建議或義務(wù)，意思是“應(yīng)該”，可用于各種人稱，其語氣比must，oughtto委婉。后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。此外，should還可表示合理的推論，意思是“應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)”Youdriveyourcarsofast,it’sverynecessary.wouldn’tBshouldn’tCcouldn’tDmightn’tmix作為動(dòng)詞，意為“混合”，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為mixes,它的形容詞形式是mixed.常用短語為mixwith“把東西混合起來”和mixup“弄錯(cuò)，弄混“Oildoesnotmixwithwater油和水不能混合Hisexplanationjustmixedmeupmore他的解釋令我更加糊涂了add的用法(1)add表示“加，增加”，常和介詞to連用，add...To...把...加到...中去。Ifyouadd4to6,youwillget10四加六等于10(2)add表示“補(bǔ)充（說道）”Motheraddedthatwemustgetbackassoonaspossible.媽媽接著又說我們必須盡早回來。(3)addto表示“增加，增添”其中to是介詞，后接名詞或代詞。有時(shí)也可用來表示“擴(kuò)建”“續(xù)寫”Thesoldierswereextremelytiredandtheheavyrainaddedtotheirbeauty.add...up表示“把...加起來”addupto...則表示“加起來總和為...”Canyouaddthesetenfiguresup?你能把這十個(gè)數(shù)字加起來嗎？7.祈使句的用法祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)?！菊n堂練習(xí)】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.TheTVistooloud.Please.A.turnitdown B.toturnitdown C.turndownit D.toturndownit2.lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobe B.Don'tbe C.Notbe D.Benot3.crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.Not B.Won't C.Doesn't D.Don't4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,?A.willI B.willyou C.shallI D.shallwe5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,?A.willyou B.won'tyou C.shallwe D.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirlunderthetree?A.stand B.tostand C.standing D.stood7.Kate,yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bring B.brings C.tobring D.bringing8.methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.Telling B.Totell C.Told D.Tell9.I'vekeptthedogMaomaoforalongtime.A.Name B.named C.naming D.toname10.Don'tyouknowthatisgoodforourhealth?A.swim B.swimming C.swam D.swims

【課后練習(xí)】1.IhearnotonlymanyforeigncountriesbutalsoChinainvolvedinthefinancialcrisis(經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī))lastyear.A.is B.are C.was D.were2.Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea??Thanks.A.DoI B.WillI C.MayI D.AmI3.Nicetomeetyou,Mike.?EverythingisOK.Thanks.A.Whatareyoudoing B.WherehaveyoubeenC.Howisitgoing D.What'swrongwithyou4.Heheardofafox,butneversaw.A.that B.one C.it D.theone5.Wedon’tknowwhenthemeeting.Whenthemeeting,pleasetellme.A.holds,begins B.holds,willbebegun C.willhold,isbegun D.willbeheld,begins6.I’dliketotakeaweek’sholiday..We’retoobusy.A.Don’tworry! B.Don’tmentionit C.Pardonme D.Forgetit7.HaveyouheardofAlexanderGrahamBell?Yes,heinventedtelephonein1876.A.／ B.a C.the D.one8.Listen!Davidistalkinghappilywithhismotherinthenextroom.Itbehismother.ShehasgonetoYushutobeavolunteerdoctor.A.should

B.must

C.can't

D.mustn't9.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Iwanttohaveapicnicwithmyfriendsitrains.A.if B.although C.because D.unless10.Hewasnotsureforhismother’sbirthday.Whatdidn’theaskhisdadforsomeadvice?A.whatwashegoingtobuy B.whathewasgoingtobuyC.tobuywhat D.whatheisgoingtobuy11.Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?Yes,I’veneverbeentoonebefore.A.amoreexciting B.themostexcited C.amoreexcited D.themostexciting12.Wheredoeshecomefrom?I’mnotsure,buthisspokenEnglishAustralia.A.suggests B.sounds C.listens D.smells13.Theteacherfoundhimandgavehimsomedifferenthomeworktodoeveryday.A.wasclever B.wasacleverboy C.acleverboy D.cleverboy14.Thecoatsilklookscoolyou.A.madeof;in B.madefrom;on C.madeof;on D.madein;in15.Isthisparkyou’vevisitedrecently?Yes,it'sthemostbeautifuloneI’veevervisitedbefore.A.theone B.that C.which D.where16.WhenwillHanHan’snewbook?Sorry,Idon'tknow.ButI’msureitwillsellwell.A.comeon B.comeout C.comeup D.comeover17.MayIsmokeintheroom?Sorry,you.Therearesomanychildrenhere.A.mightnot B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t18.itwasforustohearyouplaypianoattheparty！A.Whatfun;the B.Whatafun;the C.Howfun;a D.Howafun;不填19.He’sneversungEnglishsongsbefore,he?.It’shissecondtimetosinginEnglish.A.has;Yes B.is;Yes C.has;No D.is;No20.Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?No,you.Youtoleaveuntilthebellrings.A.mustn’t;areallowed B.can’t;aren’tallowedC.don’thaveto;areallowed D.needn’t;aren’tallowed短文填空Theweekendisusuallyatimeofrest.B1today’sChinesestudentscannotrestduringtheweekends.Accordingtoasurvey(據(jù)調(diào)查),24%ofthejuniorstudentsinBeijinghaveclassesattheweekend.Over40%oftheJunior3havelesst2eighthours’sleepeachnightbecauseo3toomuchstudy.JiPing,ajuni