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11/11卡梅倫北大演講稿
??
上次來這里時,我是英國反對黨領(lǐng)導人.
?后來我們有了大選,它產(chǎn)生了保守黨和自民黨聯(lián)合政府……工黨現(xiàn)在成了反對黨,其憲法職責是公開問責新政=府。
?事實上,在今天這個周三下午,要不是我在北京的話,就得準備每周的下院首相質(zhì)詢,議員們可以就所有**政策向我任意發(fā)問。?
英國政-府永遠從屬于法治,這些是對政=府的制約。??有時它會讓人沮喪,但我們認為,這最終會使我們的政=府更好,國家更強。?
通過媒體,公眾可直接聽到與政=府相左的意見,這有時可能很麻煩,但公眾對影響我們社=會的問題越了解,最終政=府就越容易作出理智決定,制定出贏得民心的有力政策。??我在英國當首相都沒有專門的廚師為我做飯,只能去內(nèi)閣蹭飯。
?不僅如此,每年收入全部公開。?
每周兩周還要去下院接受質(zhì)詢,基本回來滿臉都口水。
?我要是進了老百姓家,抱著老百姓哭.?
第二天泰晤士報的標題會是英國首相以無恥的眼淚換取選票。??而太陽報的標題則會是英國首相和私生子相認。??tuesday9novemberXX?
pm’sspeechatbeidauniversity,china?
at(yī)ranscriptofspeechgivenbytheprimeministerat(yī)thebeidauniversityinchinaon9novemberXX。
?readthetranscipt:?
[checkagainstdelivery]?
introduction
?twentyfiveyearsagoicametohongkongasastudent。?
theyearwas1985.?
dengxiaopingandmargaretthatcherhadrecentlysignedthehistoricjointdeclarat(yī)ion。
theremarkablestoryofthesuccessfulhandoverofhongkong
andthegreatprogresshongkonghascontinuedtomake
isanexampletotheworldofwhatcanbeachievedwhentwocountriescooperateinconfidenceandwithmutualrespect.?
sincethen,chinahaschangedalmostbeyondrecognition.?
china’snat(yī)ionalanthemfamouslycallsonthepeopleofchinatostandup?
qilaiqilai(standup,standup)
todaythechinesepeoplearenotjuststandingupintheirowncountry
theyarestandingupintheworld.
?nolongercanpeopletalkabouttheglobaleconomy?
withoutincludingthecountrythathasgrownonaveragetenpercentayearforthreedecades。?
nolongercanwetalkabouttrade…
withoutthecountrythatisnowtheworld’slargestexporterandthirdlargestimporter??andnolongercanwedebat(yī)eenergysecurityorclimatechange?
withoutthecountrythat(yī)isoneoftheworld'sbiggestconsumerofenergy。??chinaisoncoursetoreclaim,lat(yī)erthiscentury,itspositionastheworld’sbiggesteconomy
?thepositionithasheldfor18ofthelast20centuries。
andanachievementofwhichthechinesepeoplearejustlyproud.
?putsimply:chinahasre-emergedasagreatglobalpower.??threat(yī)oropportunity
?nowpeoplecanreacttothisinoneoftwoways.??theycanseechina'sriseasathreat??ortheycanseeitasanopportunity.
?
theycanprotecttheirmarketsfromchina??oropentheirmarketstochina.
?theycantryandshutchinaout?
orwelechinain,toanewplaceat(yī)thetoptableofglobalaffairs。?
therehasbeenachangeofgovernmentinbritainandachangeofprimeminister.
butonthisvitalpointthereisabsolutecontinuitybetweenmygovernmentandthegovernmentsoftonyblairandgordonbrown。
wewantastrongrelationshipwithchina.strongontrade。strongoninvestment。strongondialogue.
?imadethatclearasleaderoftheoppositionwhenivisitedbeijingandchongqingthreeyearsago。
andirepeatitasprimeministerhereinchina'scapitaltoday。?
intheargumentabouthowtoreacttotheriseofchina.?
isayit’sanopportunity。?
ichooseengagementnotdisengagement.?
dialoguenotstand-off。?
mutualbenefit,notzero-sumgame。??partnershipnotprotectionism。?
britainisthecountrythatarguesmostpassionatelyforglobalisat(yī)ionandfreetrade.
freetradeisinourdna.
?andwewanttradewithchina.a(chǎn)smuchofitaswecanget.??that(yī)’swhyihavewithmeonthisvisitoneofthebiggestandmosthigh-powereddelegat(yī)ionsabritishprimeministerhaseverledtochina。
justthinkaboutsomeoftheprizesthattheriseofchinacouldhelptobringwithinourgrasp。
strong,andsustainablegrowthfortheglobaleconomy.
vitalprogressonthedohatraderoundwhichcouldadd$170billiontotheglobaleconomy。??arealchancetogetbackontracktowardsalegallybindingdealonemissions
unprecedentedprogressintacklingpoverty.
chinahaslifted500millionpeopleoutofpovertyinjustthirtyyears。??althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo–that’smorepeopleliftedoutofpovertythanat(yī)anytimeinhumanhistory.?
youcanseetheresultsrightacrossthisenormouscountry.
wheniworkedinhongkongbrieflyin1985,shenzhenwasbarelymorethanasmalltown,surroundedbypaddyfieldsandwaterways.
?todayitisacitylargerthanlondon。itmakesmostoftheworld’sipodsandoneintenofitsmobilephones.?
andthereareotherbenefitstoointacklingtheworld’smostintractableproblems.?
iwelethefact,forexample,that(yī)morethan900chinesedoctorsnowworkinafricancountriesandthatinugandaitisachinesepharmaceuticalfirmthatisintroducinganewanti-malarialdrug.??soiwanttomakethepositivecase
?fortheworldtoseechina'sriseasanopportunitynotathreat。?
butchinaneedstohelpustomakethatargument?
todemonstratethatasyoureconomygrows,sodooursharedinterests,andoursharedresponsibilities。??
??
weshareaninterestinchina’sintegrationintotheworldeconomy,whichisessentialforchina’sdevelopment.
?ifwearetomaintaineurope’sopennesstochina,wemustbeabletoshowthatchinaisopentoeurope。?
soweshareaninterestinaninternationalsystemgovernedbyrulesandnorms.?
weshareaninterestineffectivecooperat(yī)ivegovernance,includingfortheworldeconomy.
?weshareaninterestinfightingprotectionism
?andinaco-ordinatedrebalancingbetweensurplusanddeficitcountries.
theseinterests,thoseresponsibilitiesarebotheconomicandpolitical.
?letmetakeeachinturn.
economicresponsibilities??first,economicresponsibilities。
?let'sgetstraighttothepoint.??theworldeconomyhasbeguntogrowagainafterthecrisis。?
butthat(yī)growthisveryuneven。??ledbychina,asiaandotheremergingmarketsaregrowingquickly.?
butinmuchoftheadvancedworldgrowthisslowandfragileandunemploymentstubbornlyhigh。?
weshouldnotbesurprisedat(yī)this。
?thecrisishasdamagedmanyadvancedeconomiesandweakenedtheirfinancialsectors。
theyfacemajorstructuralandfiscaladjustmentstorebalancetheireconomies.??thisistrueofmyowncountry.
?weknowwhatstepsweneedtotaketorestorethepublicfinancesandrebalanceoureconomytowardsgreatersavingandinvestmentandgreaterexports.??andwehavebeguntotakethem。
?butfortheworldeconomytobeabletogrowstronglyagain–andtogrowwithoutcreatingthedangerouseconomicandfinancialinstabilitiesthatledtothecrisis,weneedmorethanjustadjustmentintheadvancedworld。??thetruthisthatsomecountrieswithcurrentaccountsurpluseshavebeensavingtoomuch
whileotherslikeminewithdeficitshavebeensavingtoolittle。??andtheresulthasbeenadangeroustidalwaveofmoneygoingfromonesideoftheglobetotheother.?
weneedamorebalancedpatternofglobaldemandandsupply,amorebalancedpatternofglobalsavingandinvestment。??nowsometimeswhenyouhearpeopletalkabouteconomicimbalances,itcanseemasthoughcountriesthataresuccessfulatexportingarebeingblamedfortheirsuccess.??that(yī)’sabsolutelynotthecase.?
weallshareaninterestandaresponsibilitytoco—operatetosecurestrongandbalancedglobalgrowth。??thereisnogreat(yī)erillustrationofthisthanwhathappenedtochinaasthewesternbankingsystemcollapsed.
?chineseexportsfell12percent?
growthdroppedtoitslowestpointinmorethanadecade??andsome20millionjobswerelostinthechineseexportsector。
?
??changesinthestructureofoureconomieswilltaketime.??what(yī)isimportantisthatthemajoreconomiesoftheworldhaveasharedvisionofthepat(yī)hofthischange:whatactionscountriesshouldavoid;whatactionscountriesneedtotakeand,crucially,overwhatperioditshouldhappen.??thisiswhytheg20–andthemeetinginseoul–issoimportant.?
togetherwecanagreeamonapproach.??wecanmittothenecessaryactions。
wecanagreethatwewillholdeachothertoaccount。??andjustaschinaplayedaleadingroleat(yī)theg20inhelpingtoavertaglobaldepression
soitcanleadnow。??iknowfrommydiscussionswithpremierwenhowmittedchinaistoactionstorebalanceitseconomy.
?chinaisalreadytalkingaboutmovingtowardsincreaseddomesticconsumption??betterhealthcareandwelfare
moreconsumergoodsasitsmiddleclassgrows?
andintimeintroducinggreatermarketflexibilityintoitsexchangerate。
thiscannotbepletedovernight
butitmusthappen.
?let’sbeclearabouttherisksifitdoesnot??aboutwhatisatstakeforchinaandfortheuk–countriesthatdependonanopenglobaleconomy。
attheworstpointofthecrisis,weavertedprotectionism。
?butatat(yī)imeofslowgrowthandhighunemploymentinmanycountriesthosepressureswillriseagain
alreadyyoucanseethem.??countrieswillincreasinglybetemptedtotrytomaximisetheirowngrowthandtheirownemployment,at(yī)theexpenseofothers.?
globalisation–theforcethathasbeensopowerfulindrivingdevelopmentandbringinghugenumbersintotheworldeconomycouldgointoreverse.
?ifwefollowthatpathwewillallloseout.
?thewestwouldloseforsure.butsotoowouldchina.
?forthelasttwodecades,tradehasbeenaverypositivefactorinchina’sre-emergenceontheworldstage。?
ithasdrivenamazinggrowth??andraisedthelivingstandardsofmillions.
tradehashelpedstitchbackchina’snetworkofrelationswithcountriesacrosstheworld。
?weneedtomakesurethat(yī)itdoesnotturnintoanegativefactor.
justasthewestwantsgreateraccesstochinesemarkets?
sochinawantsgreateraccesstowesternmarkets
anditwantsmarketeconomystatusintheeutoo。?
ihadveryconstructivetalkswithpremierwenonexactlythisissueyesterday。
?iwillmakethecaseforchinatogetmarketeconomystatusintheeu
butchinaneedstohelp,byshowingthat(yī)itismittedtobeingmoreopen,asitbeesmoreprosperous.??andweneedtoworktogethertodomoretoprotectintellectualpropertyrights
???
?becausethiswillgivemorebusinessesconfidencetoeandinvestinchina.
?ukpaniesareuniquelyplacedtosupportchina’sdemandformorehighvaluegoodsforitsconsumers。
ourpavilionat(yī)theworldexpoinshanghai–whichwonthegoldawardforthebestpaviliondesign–wasashowcaseforsomanyofbritain’sstrengths
fromadvancedengineeringtoeducat(yī)ion…??fromgreat(yī)brandstogreatpharmaceuticalbusinesses??fromlowcarbontofinancialservicestothecreativeindustries.?
inalltheseareasandmanymore,britishpaniesandbritishexportscanhelpchinadelivertheprosperityandprogressitseeks.
wecanbepartofchina'sdevelopmentstrategy,justaschinaispartofours。
?atruepartnershipofgrowth.?
inrecentdays,britainhaswonnewbusinessworthbillionsofpounds?
involvingpaniesacrosstheukandcitiesalloverchina.
includingadealbetweenrollsroyceandchinaeasternairlinesfor16airbus330aeroenginesworth£750million??andinwardinvestmentsworthinexcessof£300million
?thisisallinadditiontoat(yī)least£3bnofbusinesswhichbritishpanieshavesecuredaspartoftheairbuscontractconcludedwithchinalastweek
andafurther£2billionofinvestmentsbytescotodevelopnewshoppingmallsoverthenextfiveyears。??andwithnearly50ofbritain’smostinfluentialculture,educationandbusinessleadersjoiningmeonthisvisit。
ihopethesedealscanbejustthebeginningofawholeneweraofbilat(yī)eraltradebetweenourcountries.
?achievingthiswouldbearealwin-winforourtwocountries。?
soifchinaispreparedtopursuefurtheropeningofitsmarkets
?andtoworkwithbritainandtheotherg20countriestorebalancetheworldeconomyandtakestepsovertimetowardsinternationalisingitscurrency
?thatwillgoalongwaytowardshelpingtheglobaleconomylockinthestabilityitneedsforstrongandsustainablegrowth。
?andjustasimportantly,itwillgoalongwayinsecuringconfidenceintheglobalmunitythatchinaasaneconomicpowerisaforceforgood.
politicalresponsibilities?
butchinadoesnotjusthaveneweconomicpower.?
ithasnewpoliticalpower.??andthatbringsnewpoliticalresponsibilitiestoo。?
whatchinasays–andwhatchinadoes–reallymatters.
?thereisbarelyaglobalissuethatneedsresolution,whichdoesnotbegthequestions:whatdoeschinathink,andhowcanchinacontributetoasolution?
?chinahasattemptedtoavoidentanglementinglobalaffairsinthepast.butchina’ssizeandglobalreachmeansthatthisisnolongerarealisticchoice.
?
??
whetherit’sclimatechangeordevelopment,healthandeducat(yī)ionorglobalsecurity,chinaistoobigandtooimportantnownottoplayitspart。
onclimatechange,aninternationaldealhastobefair.??andthat(yī)meansthatcountrieswithdifferenthistoriescan'tallbeexpectedtocontributeinexactlythesameway.??butafairdealalsomeansthatallcountriescontribute
andallarepartofanagreement.?
andthere’sactuallyahugeopportunityhereforchina.??becausechinacanreallyprofitfromhavingsomeofthemostefficientgreenenergyintheworld.??oninternationalsecurity,greatpowershaveabiggerinterestthananyoneinpreservingstability。
takedevelopmentforexample,chinaisoneofthefastestgrowinginvestorsinafrica
withavitalinfluenceoverwhetherafricacanbeeanewsourceofgrowthfortheworldeconomy。
wewanttoworktogethertoensurethat(yī)themoneywespendinafricaisnotsupportingcorruptandintolerantregimes。
andthemeetingoftheunsecuritycouncilwhichthebritishforeignsecretarywillchairlat(yī)erthismonthprovidesagoodopportunitytostepupourco-operationonsudan.
?aschina’sstarrisesagainintheworld,sodoesitsstakeinastableandorder
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