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11/11卡梅倫北大演講稿

??

上次來這里時,我是英國反對黨領(lǐng)導人.

?后來我們有了大選,它產(chǎn)生了保守黨和自民黨聯(lián)合政府……工黨現(xiàn)在成了反對黨,其憲法職責是公開問責新政=府。

?事實上,在今天這個周三下午,要不是我在北京的話,就得準備每周的下院首相質(zhì)詢,議員們可以就所有**政策向我任意發(fā)問。?

英國政-府永遠從屬于法治,這些是對政=府的制約。??有時它會讓人沮喪,但我們認為,這最終會使我們的政=府更好,國家更強。?

通過媒體,公眾可直接聽到與政=府相左的意見,這有時可能很麻煩,但公眾對影響我們社=會的問題越了解,最終政=府就越容易作出理智決定,制定出贏得民心的有力政策。??我在英國當首相都沒有專門的廚師為我做飯,只能去內(nèi)閣蹭飯。

?不僅如此,每年收入全部公開。?

每周兩周還要去下院接受質(zhì)詢,基本回來滿臉都口水。

?我要是進了老百姓家,抱著老百姓哭.?

第二天泰晤士報的標題會是英國首相以無恥的眼淚換取選票。??而太陽報的標題則會是英國首相和私生子相認。??tuesday9novemberXX?

pm’sspeechatbeidauniversity,china?

at(yī)ranscriptofspeechgivenbytheprimeministerat(yī)thebeidauniversityinchinaon9novemberXX。

?readthetranscipt:?

[checkagainstdelivery]?

introduction

?twentyfiveyearsagoicametohongkongasastudent。?

theyearwas1985.?

dengxiaopingandmargaretthatcherhadrecentlysignedthehistoricjointdeclarat(yī)ion。

theremarkablestoryofthesuccessfulhandoverofhongkong

andthegreatprogresshongkonghascontinuedtomake

isanexampletotheworldofwhatcanbeachievedwhentwocountriescooperateinconfidenceandwithmutualrespect.?

sincethen,chinahaschangedalmostbeyondrecognition.?

china’snat(yī)ionalanthemfamouslycallsonthepeopleofchinatostandup?

qilaiqilai(standup,standup)

todaythechinesepeoplearenotjuststandingupintheirowncountry

theyarestandingupintheworld.

?nolongercanpeopletalkabouttheglobaleconomy?

withoutincludingthecountrythathasgrownonaveragetenpercentayearforthreedecades。?

nolongercanwetalkabouttrade…

withoutthecountrythatisnowtheworld’slargestexporterandthirdlargestimporter??andnolongercanwedebat(yī)eenergysecurityorclimatechange?

withoutthecountrythat(yī)isoneoftheworld'sbiggestconsumerofenergy。??chinaisoncoursetoreclaim,lat(yī)erthiscentury,itspositionastheworld’sbiggesteconomy

?thepositionithasheldfor18ofthelast20centuries。

andanachievementofwhichthechinesepeoplearejustlyproud.

?putsimply:chinahasre-emergedasagreatglobalpower.??threat(yī)oropportunity

?nowpeoplecanreacttothisinoneoftwoways.??theycanseechina'sriseasathreat??ortheycanseeitasanopportunity.

?

theycanprotecttheirmarketsfromchina??oropentheirmarketstochina.

?theycantryandshutchinaout?

orwelechinain,toanewplaceat(yī)thetoptableofglobalaffairs。?

therehasbeenachangeofgovernmentinbritainandachangeofprimeminister.

butonthisvitalpointthereisabsolutecontinuitybetweenmygovernmentandthegovernmentsoftonyblairandgordonbrown。

wewantastrongrelationshipwithchina.strongontrade。strongoninvestment。strongondialogue.

?imadethatclearasleaderoftheoppositionwhenivisitedbeijingandchongqingthreeyearsago。

andirepeatitasprimeministerhereinchina'scapitaltoday。?

intheargumentabouthowtoreacttotheriseofchina.?

isayit’sanopportunity。?

ichooseengagementnotdisengagement.?

dialoguenotstand-off。?

mutualbenefit,notzero-sumgame。??partnershipnotprotectionism。?

britainisthecountrythatarguesmostpassionatelyforglobalisat(yī)ionandfreetrade.

freetradeisinourdna.

?andwewanttradewithchina.a(chǎn)smuchofitaswecanget.??that(yī)’swhyihavewithmeonthisvisitoneofthebiggestandmosthigh-powereddelegat(yī)ionsabritishprimeministerhaseverledtochina。

justthinkaboutsomeoftheprizesthattheriseofchinacouldhelptobringwithinourgrasp。

strong,andsustainablegrowthfortheglobaleconomy.

vitalprogressonthedohatraderoundwhichcouldadd$170billiontotheglobaleconomy。??arealchancetogetbackontracktowardsalegallybindingdealonemissions

unprecedentedprogressintacklingpoverty.

chinahaslifted500millionpeopleoutofpovertyinjustthirtyyears。??althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo–that’smorepeopleliftedoutofpovertythanat(yī)anytimeinhumanhistory.?

youcanseetheresultsrightacrossthisenormouscountry.

wheniworkedinhongkongbrieflyin1985,shenzhenwasbarelymorethanasmalltown,surroundedbypaddyfieldsandwaterways.

?todayitisacitylargerthanlondon。itmakesmostoftheworld’sipodsandoneintenofitsmobilephones.?

andthereareotherbenefitstoointacklingtheworld’smostintractableproblems.?

iwelethefact,forexample,that(yī)morethan900chinesedoctorsnowworkinafricancountriesandthatinugandaitisachinesepharmaceuticalfirmthatisintroducinganewanti-malarialdrug.??soiwanttomakethepositivecase

?fortheworldtoseechina'sriseasanopportunitynotathreat。?

butchinaneedstohelpustomakethatargument?

todemonstratethatasyoureconomygrows,sodooursharedinterests,andoursharedresponsibilities。??

??

weshareaninterestinchina’sintegrationintotheworldeconomy,whichisessentialforchina’sdevelopment.

?ifwearetomaintaineurope’sopennesstochina,wemustbeabletoshowthatchinaisopentoeurope。?

soweshareaninterestinaninternationalsystemgovernedbyrulesandnorms.?

weshareaninterestineffectivecooperat(yī)ivegovernance,includingfortheworldeconomy.

?weshareaninterestinfightingprotectionism

?andinaco-ordinatedrebalancingbetweensurplusanddeficitcountries.

theseinterests,thoseresponsibilitiesarebotheconomicandpolitical.

?letmetakeeachinturn.

economicresponsibilities??first,economicresponsibilities。

?let'sgetstraighttothepoint.??theworldeconomyhasbeguntogrowagainafterthecrisis。?

butthat(yī)growthisveryuneven。??ledbychina,asiaandotheremergingmarketsaregrowingquickly.?

butinmuchoftheadvancedworldgrowthisslowandfragileandunemploymentstubbornlyhigh。?

weshouldnotbesurprisedat(yī)this。

?thecrisishasdamagedmanyadvancedeconomiesandweakenedtheirfinancialsectors。

theyfacemajorstructuralandfiscaladjustmentstorebalancetheireconomies.??thisistrueofmyowncountry.

?weknowwhatstepsweneedtotaketorestorethepublicfinancesandrebalanceoureconomytowardsgreatersavingandinvestmentandgreaterexports.??andwehavebeguntotakethem。

?butfortheworldeconomytobeabletogrowstronglyagain–andtogrowwithoutcreatingthedangerouseconomicandfinancialinstabilitiesthatledtothecrisis,weneedmorethanjustadjustmentintheadvancedworld。??thetruthisthatsomecountrieswithcurrentaccountsurpluseshavebeensavingtoomuch

whileotherslikeminewithdeficitshavebeensavingtoolittle。??andtheresulthasbeenadangeroustidalwaveofmoneygoingfromonesideoftheglobetotheother.?

weneedamorebalancedpatternofglobaldemandandsupply,amorebalancedpatternofglobalsavingandinvestment。??nowsometimeswhenyouhearpeopletalkabouteconomicimbalances,itcanseemasthoughcountriesthataresuccessfulatexportingarebeingblamedfortheirsuccess.??that(yī)’sabsolutelynotthecase.?

weallshareaninterestandaresponsibilitytoco—operatetosecurestrongandbalancedglobalgrowth。??thereisnogreat(yī)erillustrationofthisthanwhathappenedtochinaasthewesternbankingsystemcollapsed.

?chineseexportsfell12percent?

growthdroppedtoitslowestpointinmorethanadecade??andsome20millionjobswerelostinthechineseexportsector。

?

??changesinthestructureofoureconomieswilltaketime.??what(yī)isimportantisthatthemajoreconomiesoftheworldhaveasharedvisionofthepat(yī)hofthischange:whatactionscountriesshouldavoid;whatactionscountriesneedtotakeand,crucially,overwhatperioditshouldhappen.??thisiswhytheg20–andthemeetinginseoul–issoimportant.?

togetherwecanagreeamonapproach.??wecanmittothenecessaryactions。

wecanagreethatwewillholdeachothertoaccount。??andjustaschinaplayedaleadingroleat(yī)theg20inhelpingtoavertaglobaldepression

soitcanleadnow。??iknowfrommydiscussionswithpremierwenhowmittedchinaistoactionstorebalanceitseconomy.

?chinaisalreadytalkingaboutmovingtowardsincreaseddomesticconsumption??betterhealthcareandwelfare

moreconsumergoodsasitsmiddleclassgrows?

andintimeintroducinggreatermarketflexibilityintoitsexchangerate。

thiscannotbepletedovernight

butitmusthappen.

?let’sbeclearabouttherisksifitdoesnot??aboutwhatisatstakeforchinaandfortheuk–countriesthatdependonanopenglobaleconomy。

attheworstpointofthecrisis,weavertedprotectionism。

?butatat(yī)imeofslowgrowthandhighunemploymentinmanycountriesthosepressureswillriseagain

alreadyyoucanseethem.??countrieswillincreasinglybetemptedtotrytomaximisetheirowngrowthandtheirownemployment,at(yī)theexpenseofothers.?

globalisation–theforcethathasbeensopowerfulindrivingdevelopmentandbringinghugenumbersintotheworldeconomycouldgointoreverse.

?ifwefollowthatpathwewillallloseout.

?thewestwouldloseforsure.butsotoowouldchina.

?forthelasttwodecades,tradehasbeenaverypositivefactorinchina’sre-emergenceontheworldstage。?

ithasdrivenamazinggrowth??andraisedthelivingstandardsofmillions.

tradehashelpedstitchbackchina’snetworkofrelationswithcountriesacrosstheworld。

?weneedtomakesurethat(yī)itdoesnotturnintoanegativefactor.

justasthewestwantsgreateraccesstochinesemarkets?

sochinawantsgreateraccesstowesternmarkets

anditwantsmarketeconomystatusintheeutoo。?

ihadveryconstructivetalkswithpremierwenonexactlythisissueyesterday。

?iwillmakethecaseforchinatogetmarketeconomystatusintheeu

butchinaneedstohelp,byshowingthat(yī)itismittedtobeingmoreopen,asitbeesmoreprosperous.??andweneedtoworktogethertodomoretoprotectintellectualpropertyrights

???

?becausethiswillgivemorebusinessesconfidencetoeandinvestinchina.

?ukpaniesareuniquelyplacedtosupportchina’sdemandformorehighvaluegoodsforitsconsumers。

ourpavilionat(yī)theworldexpoinshanghai–whichwonthegoldawardforthebestpaviliondesign–wasashowcaseforsomanyofbritain’sstrengths

fromadvancedengineeringtoeducat(yī)ion…??fromgreat(yī)brandstogreatpharmaceuticalbusinesses??fromlowcarbontofinancialservicestothecreativeindustries.?

inalltheseareasandmanymore,britishpaniesandbritishexportscanhelpchinadelivertheprosperityandprogressitseeks.

wecanbepartofchina'sdevelopmentstrategy,justaschinaispartofours。

?atruepartnershipofgrowth.?

inrecentdays,britainhaswonnewbusinessworthbillionsofpounds?

involvingpaniesacrosstheukandcitiesalloverchina.

includingadealbetweenrollsroyceandchinaeasternairlinesfor16airbus330aeroenginesworth£750million??andinwardinvestmentsworthinexcessof£300million

?thisisallinadditiontoat(yī)least£3bnofbusinesswhichbritishpanieshavesecuredaspartoftheairbuscontractconcludedwithchinalastweek

andafurther£2billionofinvestmentsbytescotodevelopnewshoppingmallsoverthenextfiveyears。??andwithnearly50ofbritain’smostinfluentialculture,educationandbusinessleadersjoiningmeonthisvisit。

ihopethesedealscanbejustthebeginningofawholeneweraofbilat(yī)eraltradebetweenourcountries.

?achievingthiswouldbearealwin-winforourtwocountries。?

soifchinaispreparedtopursuefurtheropeningofitsmarkets

?andtoworkwithbritainandtheotherg20countriestorebalancetheworldeconomyandtakestepsovertimetowardsinternationalisingitscurrency

?thatwillgoalongwaytowardshelpingtheglobaleconomylockinthestabilityitneedsforstrongandsustainablegrowth。

?andjustasimportantly,itwillgoalongwayinsecuringconfidenceintheglobalmunitythatchinaasaneconomicpowerisaforceforgood.

politicalresponsibilities?

butchinadoesnotjusthaveneweconomicpower.?

ithasnewpoliticalpower.??andthatbringsnewpoliticalresponsibilitiestoo。?

whatchinasays–andwhatchinadoes–reallymatters.

?thereisbarelyaglobalissuethatneedsresolution,whichdoesnotbegthequestions:whatdoeschinathink,andhowcanchinacontributetoasolution?

?chinahasattemptedtoavoidentanglementinglobalaffairsinthepast.butchina’ssizeandglobalreachmeansthatthisisnolongerarealisticchoice.

?

??

whetherit’sclimatechangeordevelopment,healthandeducat(yī)ionorglobalsecurity,chinaistoobigandtooimportantnownottoplayitspart。

onclimatechange,aninternationaldealhastobefair.??andthat(yī)meansthatcountrieswithdifferenthistoriescan'tallbeexpectedtocontributeinexactlythesameway.??butafairdealalsomeansthatallcountriescontribute

andallarepartofanagreement.?

andthere’sactuallyahugeopportunityhereforchina.??becausechinacanreallyprofitfromhavingsomeofthemostefficientgreenenergyintheworld.??oninternationalsecurity,greatpowershaveabiggerinterestthananyoneinpreservingstability。

takedevelopmentforexample,chinaisoneofthefastestgrowinginvestorsinafrica

withavitalinfluenceoverwhetherafricacanbeeanewsourceofgrowthfortheworldeconomy。

wewanttoworktogethertoensurethat(yī)themoneywespendinafricaisnotsupportingcorruptandintolerantregimes。

andthemeetingoftheunsecuritycouncilwhichthebritishforeignsecretarywillchairlat(yī)erthismonthprovidesagoodopportunitytostepupourco-operationonsudan.

?aschina’sstarrisesagainintheworld,sodoesitsstakeinastableandorder

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