英語二真題解析版

2014年入學考試英語(二)試SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually2.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinamongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan

ofOfevengreater isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredobese. ,canbedividedintomodera yobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyobese.Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D][A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D][A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D][A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D][A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]in[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D][A]inessence[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]in[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D][A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D][A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D][A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D][A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D][A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D][A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D][A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D][A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D][A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D][A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D][A]for[B]against[C]with[D]withoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)TextWhatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelThesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostinvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnew old-hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoften emorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingevision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoptwomonthsayearng,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors’policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewarding[A]Abighouse[B]Aspecialtour[C]Astylishcar[D]ArichmealTheauthor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVisMacribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat[A]consumersaresometimesirrational[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase[C]haspredictedawider egapintheus[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofThistextmainlydiscusseshowto[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent emorereasonableinspendingonluxuriesText2actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusoryinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Weedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotPsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautyfromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturethattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthink“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.IfyoumakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethe inthepictureasthemselves,therefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,inlectandlifestyleit’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefound ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyillusorysuperiorityisbaselessourneedforleadershipisself-enhancingstrategiesareVisualrecognitionisbelievedtoberapidconsciousintuitiveautomaticself-Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtendedunderestimatetheirbelieveintheircoveruptheiroversimplifytheirTheword“Viscerally”(Line2,para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

Itcanbeinferredthatisself-enhancer’sparadisebecause.presenttheirdishonestprofiles[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles[C]sharetheirinlectualpursuits[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsidesText3Upuntilafewdecadesago,our visionsofthefuturewerelargel -thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypositive.Scienceandchnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegaineda deeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears- sowhyshouldn'twe?Takeabroaderlook atour species'placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfor tens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.LookupHomosapiensinthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalunion fortheConversationofNature( ),andyouwillread:"ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline."Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?A growingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojecta clockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshePerhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplicated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,a newpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.Buttakealongerviewandthereisa surprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothe future:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshathehistoryof theplanet,andourspecies,to makeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituations which descendantsfindThislongmakesthe pessimisticviewof ourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwe arenow knowledgeableenoughto reducemany oftherisksthat threatenedthe existenceofearlierhumans, andto thelotofthosetoOurvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredourdesireforlivesofourfaithinscienceandourawarenessofpotentialourbeliefinequal ’s“RedList”suggestthathumanbeing sustained threatentothetheworld’sdominant misplacedWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraphArchelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalTechnologyofferssolutionstosocialTheinterestinsciencefictionisontheOurImmediatefutureishardtoToensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialexploreourplanet’sabundantadoptanoptimisticviewofthedrawonourexperiencefromthecurbourambitiontoreshapeWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlefortheUncertaintyaboutOurEvolutionoftheHumanTheEver-brightProspectsofScience,TechnologyandHumanityText4Whentheernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.HousingisseldomWhyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityfortheernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPbyMinistersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.Butitisnotjustdowntotheernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbeeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.TheauthorbelievesthatthehousinghasattractedmuchinvolvescertainpoliticalshoulderstoomuchhaslostitsrealvalueinItcanbelearnedthataffordablehousingincreaseditshomeofferedspending ernmentdisappointedtheAccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsborne allow ernmentdebtforstoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildingpreparetoreducehousingstockreleasealiftedGDPgrowthItcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould [A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders[B]lessentheimpactof ernmentinterference[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilitiesTheauthorbelievesthatafter2015,the ernmentmay [A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsectorSectionIIITranslationPart Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWER1.(10Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2005,therewerealmosthalfa socialscientistsfromallfieldsintheworld,workingbothinsideandoutsideacademia.AccordingtotheWorldSocialScienceReport2010,thenumberofsocial-sciencestudentsworldwidehasswollenbyabout11%everyyearsince2000.Yetthisenormousresourceinnotcontributingenoughtotoday’sglobalchallengesincludingclimatechange,security,sustainabledevelopmentand Humanityhasthenecessaryagro-technologicaltoolstoeradicatehunger,fromgeneticallyengineeredcropstoartificialfertilizers Here,too,theproblemsaresocial:theorganizationandributionoffood,wealthand Thisisa shame—thecommunityshouldbegrastheopportunitytoraiseitsinfluenceintherealworld.ToparaphrasethegreatsocialscientistJosephSchumpeter:thereisnoradicalinnovationwithoutcreativedestruction.Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinaryproblemsandinternalscholarlydebates,ratherthanontopicswithexternalimpact.ysesrevealthatthenumberofpapersincluding“environmentalchanged”or“climatechange”haveincreasedrapidlysince2004,(43)Whensocialscientistsdotacklepracticalissues,theirscopeisoftenlocal:BelgiumisinterestedmainlyintheeffectsofpovertyonBelgiumforexample.Andwhetherthecommunity’sworkcontributesmuchtoanoverallaccumulationofknowledgeisdoubtful.Theproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountofavailable(44)thisisanadequateamountsolongasitisaimedintherightdirection.Socialscientistswhocomplainaboutalackoffundingshouldnotexpectmoreintoday’seconomicclimate.Thetrickistodirectthesefundsbetter.TheEuropeanunionFrameworkfundingprogramshavelonghada categoryspecificallytargetedatsocialscientists.This it proposedthatsystemchanged:Horizon2020,anewprogramtobeenactedin2014,wouldnothavesucha category,Thishasresultedinsfromsocialscientists.Buttheintentionisnottoneglectsocialscience;rather,thecompleteopposite.(45)Thatshouldcreatemorecollaborativeendeavorsandhelptodevelopprojectsaimeddirectlyatsolvingglobalprobl couldbethatweareevolvingtwocommunitiesofsocialscientists:onethatis discipline-orientedandpublishinginhighlyspecializedjournals,and thatisproblem-orientedandpublishingewhere,suchaspolicyHowever,the numbersarestillsmall:in2010,about1,600ofthe100,000social-sciencespapers publishedgloballyincludedoneof theideaistoforcesocialtointegratetheirworkwithothercategories,includinghealthanddemographicchangefoodsecurity,marineresearchandthebio-economy,clear,efficientenergy;andinclusive,innovativeandsecuresocieties.thesolutionistochangethemindsetoftheacademiccommunity,andwhatitconsiderstobeitsmaingoal.Globalchallengesandsocialinnovationoughttoreceivemuchmoreattentionfromscientists,especiallytheyoungones.Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior.Allrequirebehavioralchangeand socialinnovations,aswellastechnologica development.Stemmingclimatechange,forexample,isasmuchaboutchangingconsumptionpatternsandpromotingtaxacceptanceasitisaboutdevelocleanenergy. thesefactors,manysocialscientistsseemreluctanttotacklesuch problems.AndinEurope,someareupinarmsoveraproposaltodrop specificfundingcategoryforsocial-sciencechandtointegrateitwithincross-cuttingtopicsofsustainabledevelDuringthelate1990s,nationalspendingonsocialsciencesandthehumanitiesasapercentageofallresearchanddevelopmentf ernment,highereducation,non-profitandcorporate-var fromaround to in Europeannations it aboutTranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat’spsychologistswouldn’t mend.“Healthyoptimistsmeansbeingintouchwithreality.”saysTalBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor,AccordingtoBen-thosewhobelieveeverythinghappensforthebest.Ben-Shalarusesthreeoptimisticexercisers.Whenhefeelsdown-sag,aftergivingabadlecture-hegrantshimselfpermissiontobehuman.HeremindshimselfthatmoteverylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;somewillbelesseffectivethanothers.Nextwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.Finally,thereis,whichinvolvesacknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn’tmatter.SectionIVWritingPartAJohn,alocalstudent.Writehimtoto1)lhimaboutyourlivinghabits,2)askforadviceaboutlivingYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonanswersheet.Donotuseyourownname.PartWriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET.(15Youinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET. 招生考試英語(二)SectionⅠUseofBMI。第三段中作者BMI體的脂肪量，并不是說明身材好壞的指數(shù)。第四段中講述了整個社會其實會給肥胖者貼上消極，無論是在電視中還是在孩子們的心目中，胖人的形象總是與消極聯(lián)系起來。最后一段講述了人們以Thinnerisn'talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1 thatnormalweightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthyconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually2.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen. 3,amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan ofgoodhealth.deniedensured 超重的人”。根據(jù)句義，后面的部分實際上是研究結論，因此B項concluded符合題意。 【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“對于某些健康情況，超重事實上是有”。根據(jù)前文研究的結【干擾排除】句首以And開頭，說明在語義上該句與上一句是并列相關的，強調肥胖對健康的好處。B項dangerous“的”，與文章意思相反；C項sufficient“充足的”，D項troublesome“麻煩的”， ”。需要填入的是和前半句表示順接的詞語。A項Instead和B項However表示逆接的句意關系，D項Therefore表示因果關系只有C項Likewise“同 的詞匯likewise。 章內(nèi)容，已經(jīng)明確超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指標。因此正確答案為A項?！靖蓴_排除】干擾性強的是BOfevengreater isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity, 8,canbedividedintomoderayobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyobese.它等于身體重量除以身高平方。正常成年人的是BMI18～25之間。25～30的話視為超重。30以上視為肥胖。肥胖依次能夠分為中度肥胖、重度肥胖和極度肥胖。 是，很難對肥胖加以定義”。前文已經(jīng)說到肥胖事實上有利健康，但是實上有利健康，但是 D【干擾排除】A項impact“影響，效果”，B項relevance“相關性”，C項assistance“輔助”此處空格前有evengreater來修飾，將這幾個干擾項的名詞含義代入檢測，都與上文沒有必要的相關性，所以intermsofincaseofinfavorofinrespectof 體質指數(shù)，或稱為BMI來定義”。下文根據(jù)BMI指數(shù)的不同對肥胖進行了分級由此可知，BMI是一種根據(jù)A項intermsof意“根據(jù)……就……而【干擾排除】B項incaseof“萬一，假設”，C項infavorof“贊成，以……來取代”，D項inofof“關于”。將此三項代入文中，均不符合題意。這些短語的考查頻率非常高，有些已經(jīng)成 體重除以身高的平方”。此處用文字敘述了BMI指數(shù)得出的方法，也就是一個數(shù)學公式，所以equals符合題意?！靖蓴_排除】A項是強干擾項，有考生看到空格后面是一些計算BMI的方法，可能在不太清楚句意的inessenceincontrastinturninpart【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“肥胖能夠分成中度肥胖、重度肥胖和極度肥胖”。根據(jù)語境，C項inturn“依次”，D項inpart“部分地”，C項符合題意。Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9，theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10 otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12 asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13 球運動員被認為很胖，但是身體脂肪量卻很低。相反，一些小個頭的胖子BMI值卻正常?！局睋舸鸢浮靠崭袼诰湟鉃椤跋啾戎拢@樣的數(shù)字標準看起來，實際上不是的”。這里起來好像能反映與身材之間的關系而已。D項straightforward“直截了當?shù)摹?，符合題意，因此為正確【干擾排除】肥胖指數(shù)分為三類，而且算法比較簡單，所以Acomplicated“復雜的”不正確。B項conservative“保守的”，用于描述一種數(shù)學公式，不恰當。一名患者或一名受試者的BMI一般是確定的，因此C項variable“可變的”也不符合題意。sowhileunlessBMI，實際上身材正好，其他人有較低的BMI指數(shù)，可能”。從前半句可看出，有些人的BMI指數(shù)很高，應該屬于體重肥胖的人，事實上身材正好，這里說明的是反常的現(xiàn)象，后半句是其他人的BMI指數(shù)較低，而較差。四個選項中只有while有轉折的含義，其他選項均不符合題意，所以正確答案為B項?！靖蓴_排除】A項表示因果關系，C項表示原因或讓步關系，D項表示讓步關系，都不能體現(xiàn)上下文【直擊答案】本句可簡化為：Some…arefit,whileothers…maybeinpoor 義相反，且fit(體型健康的)與in 對應，與之最相關是A項shape“外形”，故為正確答案 【直擊答案】干擾排除本句不難理解，因為句首有conversely與上文構成語義對立，講有些人個頭小，脂肪量過高，但是BMI卻 。所需詞匯明顯是積極方向的，C項“正常的”，為正確答Todaywehavea(an) tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese. veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildbuildhaslongbeenaproblemin 的趨勢 option選擇(權 monitored胖者的面部成像都進行了面部隱藏處理。根據(jù)語境，四個選項中，跟相關的詞匯只有C項picture 雇傭的肥胖者”，但是后面的介詞應該用by。C、DD項associated“聯(lián)系”，符合句意。【干擾排除】首先在結構上能與with構成搭配四個選項都可以實現(xiàn)。但是A項因為與原文語義差別較大，可首先排除。B項強調“聯(lián)合”，與原文的“聯(lián)系”有細微的差別，語義上不能說“原型與某些EvenStillYetOnly【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“是小孩子蔑視超重，而且對身材的嘲笑一直是學校的一個問作者)。根據(jù)語境，此處應該填入表示遞進關系的詞匯，分析四個選項，只有A項Even“即使”符合【干擾排除】B項Still表示遞進關系時其后一般要加逗號。C項Yet用表示上下文的對立關系中。項OnlyNegativeattitudestowardobesity,18inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofantiobesity19.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnesslossandfitnessinitiatives. eObamahaslaunchedaevenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecurity ignored D項grounded的詞匯，如hospitalsystem，ban，manyemployersinstitute指向的意思是一個系統(tǒng)中所出臺的政策的問題。瀏覽四個選項，D項policies符合題意，直接入選。 forwithwithout爾·奧巴馬已經(jīng)發(fā)起了一個名度的活動兒童肥胖，甚至告訴奧茲博士，它代表了我們國家最大的安全?？崭裨~匯應該含有“，反抗”的意思。縱觀四個選項，只有B項against符合詞obesityn.肥大，肥胖overweightn.超重dividevt.劃分，除converselyad.相反地 teasevt.戲弄，取笑harborn.海港vt.biasn.偏見，偏心，偏袒vt.使有偏見stimulatevt.刺激，激勵facilityn. Anumberofstudieshaveconcludedthatnormalweightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.從句主干是peoplearehigherrisk過去分詞短語comparedtodiseases的后置定語，從句的后半部分還嵌套有一個定語從句whoareoverweight，該句的先行詞是those，指那些肥胖的人。PartAText本文選自2013年6月22日TheEconomist(《》)一篇題為“MoneyandHappiness”的文章， 【直擊答案】根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第五句話ItisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiencessayMsDumnandMrNortonlikeinterestingtripsuniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema。B項(一次特別的旅行)是原文interestingtrips(有趣的旅行)的同義替換，因此為正確答案。【干擾排除】A項和C項與原文信息不符。原文第二段第三句提到物質性的東西所帶來的滿足感很快就會消耗殆盡，而“豪宅”和“名車”都屬于物質性的東西。D項干擾性很強，雖然第二段第四句同樣也提到了“uniquemeals”，但D項中的“rich”，跟原文的“unique”是兩個概念，故排除。作者對人看電視持態(tài)度Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatching者者 人看電視持否定的態(tài)度，因而答案為A項“批評的”B項“支持的”、C項“同情的”為表達肯 McRib定位到第三段最后一句話ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib——amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.。這句話提到了McRib(烤汁豬排骨)在麥當勞風靡一時，其指示代詞“this”表明了對應D項中的“rarity”；“mostenjoyable”對應該選項中的“increasespleasure”，因此D項為正確不能說明消費者就不理智，A項屬于過度推理，故排除。文中并沒有提到烤汁豬排骨的質量(quality)，BC項屬于過度推斷。原文第四句破折號之后的內(nèi)容表明當時麥當勞這一 【直擊答案】最后一段最后一句Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwas 正好對應B項中的“worthwhilepurchaseB【干擾排除】A項中的criticism對對C egap)，推理過度。D項的錯誤在于該書本身沒有給讀者帶來成就感，而是書中提到的怎樣花錢 【直擊答案】本文主要討論的是HappyMoney這本話題——與金錢。第一段通過中事申，并這本書值得一買。因而C項“從花錢消費中獲得長久的滿足感”為正確選項。A項與原文不符。D項是第三段的主要內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，故排除。長難句解ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84yearoldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tinroofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Thisisaquestion。an84yearoldwidow是Gloria的同位語。who引導定語從句修飾widow；tocollect…作后置定語，修飾widow Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmorewithfriendsandwithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatching evision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspends twomonthsayear ng,andishardlyjollierfor引導的條件狀語從句，其中couldshorten和spend是并列謂語動詞；在第二個謂語動詞之后，并列了兩個賓語，分別是：moretimewithlessofit…；括號里面的部分是一個名詞加定語從句的結構，something后面省略了that；andishardlyjollierforit可以還原為“and(theaverageAmerican)ishardlyjollierforit”。詞counterintuitivea.與相反的regretvt.懊悔，遺憾mutevt.交換；改變vi.乘往返于兩luxuryn奢侈，華貴；奢侈品obsessionn.癡迷；困擾privilegen.，特惠待遇scarcityn.不足，缺乏incentiven.刺激；動力；鼓勵mandaten.；命令，指令vt.；托管如果你中了如果你中了5.9 每個人一年會用整整兩個月的時間所做的一件事情，并且他們從中獲得的樂趣幾乎很少)，他們會然的買一回才能讓你感到真正的快樂。這就是為什么麥當勞限制供應其的烤汁豬排骨的原因——Text本文選自TheStarOnline(《星報》)2013年6月29日一篇題為“HowWeReallyRateOurLooks” “impossibilities”對應A項中“unrealisticallyhigh”，因此正確答案為A項。好(illusorysuperiority)是源于人們的心理需求，而非毫無根據(jù)(baseless)，B項與原文相反。能力(leadership)方面的評價作為一個論據(jù)出現(xiàn)在該句，而題干考查的是論點，因此排除C項。該句還提到我們使用了一些“selfenhancingstrategies”來做研究，并得到了結果，這說明自我提高策略是有效的，而并非D描述的“ineffective”(無效的)，故排除。 recognitionis…anprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation，C項中的“intuitive”是原文“occurringrapidlyandintuitively”的同義替換，“response”是“anautomaticpsychologicalprocess”的同義替換，都強調本能的反應，故C