初中英語(yǔ)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、語(yǔ)法大全

精選精選初中英語(yǔ)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)(SingularForm)和復(fù)數(shù)(PluralForm)兩種形式。表示一個(gè)人或物用單數(shù)形式，表示個(gè)以上的人或物用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在［t］后與［t］一起讀［ts］,在［d］后與在［t］后與［t］一起讀［ts］,在［d］后與［d］—起讀［dz］。例如:book—book—books書(shū)day—days天、日dog—dog—dogs狗tree—trees樹(shù)2.3.glass—glasses玻璃杯box—boxes盒子以o2.3.glass—glasses玻璃杯box—boxes盒子以o結(jié)尾的詞有些加-es，讀［z］；watch—watchesbrush—brushes有些加-s，讀［s］。例如:手表tomato—tomatoes西紅柿potato—potatoes土豆photo—photos相片radio—radios收音機(jī)zoo—zoos動(dòng)物園以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加-es，讀［iz］例如:4.knife—knives4.knife—knives小刀leaf—leaves樹(shù)葉life—lives生命thief—thieves小偷以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，先把f改為v,再加-es，讀［vz］。例如:5.story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies嬰兒注意:boy—5.story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies嬰兒注意:boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具key—keys鑰匙6.有些名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:7.man—men男人tooth—teeth牙齒woman—women婦女foot—feet腳有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。例如；deer—deer鹿sheep—sheep綿羊Chinese—Chinese中國(guó)人Japanese—Japanese日本人以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先把y改為i,再加-es，讀［z］。例如:8.physics物理maths8.physics物理maths數(shù)學(xué)politics政治news新聞?dòng)行W(xué)科名詞雖以s結(jié)尾，但通常都做單數(shù)名詞看待。例如:9.people人們，人民9.people人們，人民police警察public公眾練習(xí)有些單數(shù)形式的名詞具有復(fù)數(shù)的含義，要當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待。例如:、寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。radimovielifeknifefryleafphotoopiaozooradibooktomatopotatobuswatchboxmapcatbookfilmdoormonthhorsepictureclassboytoothwomaneyetoothGermanChinesemanfootballchildclassroommonkeyFrenchman二、選擇填空：1.Therearesomeonthehill.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepesMrBlackoftengivesusbyEmail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformationTherearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyarebooks.A.childB.childrens'C.childrenD.children'sIhavewornoutmyshoes,soIwanttobuyanew.A.pairB.oneC.onesD.trousersMeimei'shandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.A.studentsB.studentsC.student'sD.students'Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout.A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalk

C.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes'walk7.Howmanyarethereinyourclass?A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian8.Ifoundmyblackcatin_room.A.JimandMikeB.JimandMike'sC.Jim'sandMike'sD.Jim'sandMike9.Howmucharethe_____?A.breadB.meats.C.potatosD.tomatoes10.Therearemany______inourschool.A.womanteachersB.woman'steachersC.womenteachersD.women'steachers11.Threemonthsalongtimeforme.A.isB.areC.haveD.has12.Thereareandonthetable.A.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforangestwoboxescake;fourbottleoforangetwoboxesofcakes;fourbottlesoforangeD.twoboxofcakes;三、選擇填空：[1].TheyareA:mandoctorctors[2]TherearefiveA:sheepD:deers[3]ThosewhitesocksA:areD:do[4]WehavemanyinfourbottlesoforangesD.twoboxofcakes;三、選擇填空：[1].TheyareA:mandoctorctors[2]TherearefiveA:sheepD:deers[3]ThosewhitesocksA:areD:do[4]WehavemanyinfourbottlesoforangesB:mendoctorsinthehill.B:sheepssmall.B:isourschool.C:mendoctorC:gooseC:amD:mandoA:womanteacherB:womenteachersC:womanteachersD:womenteacher[5]Doyoulike?A:vegetableB:vegetablesC:anvegetableA:pictureB:pictures[7]Therearesixintheroom.A:volleyballB:volleyballsleyballs[8]Aretheseteachers?A:womanB:women[9]Itis.A:milkB:amilkD:milks[10]It'sa.Itisn'tan.A:apple,eggB;cake,egggg,cake[11]TomandJimare___.A:friendsB:friendD:sister[12]Wherearehis?___thedresser.A:keys,TheyareonB:key,Theyaretisin[13]Arethoseyour?A:bookesB:boxsD:apple[14]Thereisinourroom.A:apictureandfivemaps[6]Howmanydotheyhave?C:apictureC:avolleyballD:volC:womansC:anmolkC:egg,orange,D:eC:brotheronC:keys,ItisatD:key,IC:applesB:fivemapsandapictureC:twopicturesandfivemapsD:twopictureandfivemap初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全一、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面力口s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母力y結(jié)尾的變y為i再力es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來(lái)詞）。如:radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿，potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es（s）。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子，Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒(méi)有單數(shù)的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學(xué)‘family家，家庭成員九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個(gè)單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如:mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚(yú)fishes魚(yú)的種類(lèi)，paper紙papers報(bào)紙，卷子，論文work工作works作品，工廠，glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子，light光線(xiàn)lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時(shí)間times時(shí)代,次數(shù),chicken雞肉chickens小雞十一）單個(gè)字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或's。如：Is（I's）,Ks（K's）。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen二、名詞的格1．當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時(shí)，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）單數(shù)在后面加's。如：brother's,Mike's,teacher's二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加'，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers'Day教師節(jié)，classmates';Children'sDay六一節(jié)，Women'sDay三八節(jié)三）由and并列的名詞所有時(shí)，如果是共同所有同一人或物時(shí)，只加最后一個(gè)s,但分別擁有時(shí)卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：MikeandBen'sroom邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike'sandBen'srooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）2．代詞項(xiàng)目人稱(chēng)代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞人稱(chēng)主格賓格形容詞名詞性第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Iwemeusmyourmineoursmyselfourselves第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3．動(dòng)詞A）第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動(dòng)詞那樣加S,如下:一）一般在詞后力口s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o結(jié)尾力口es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）現(xiàn)在分詞當(dāng)我們說(shuō)某人正在做什么事時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在后力口ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個(gè)元音字母+—個(gè)輔音字母（注意除開(kāi)字母組合如show-showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4．形容詞的級(jí)我們?cè)趯?duì)兩個(gè)或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對(duì)比時(shí)，則要使用比較或最高級(jí)形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在詞后加er或est（如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st）。如:greater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個(gè)元音字母+1個(gè)輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音再力口er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i力口er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill一worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5.數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后掛；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句Thisisabook.(be動(dòng)詞)Helooksveryyoung.(連系動(dòng)詞)Iwantasweatlikethis.(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)There'sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句a)Thesearen'ttheirbooks.b)Theydon'tlooknice.c)Katedoesn'tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan'tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn'tacathere.(=There'snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let'slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don'tbelate.b)Don'thurry.3.疑問(wèn)句1)一般疑問(wèn)句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn't.b)No,youcan't.c)No,shedoesn't.d)No,theydon't.e)No,sheisn't.選擇疑問(wèn)句Isthetablebigorsmall?回答It'sbig./It'ssmall.特殊疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)年齡HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve.

問(wèn)種類(lèi)Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?問(wèn)身體狀況Howisyouruncle?問(wèn)種類(lèi)Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?問(wèn)身體狀況Howisyouruncle?問(wèn)方式Howdo/canyouspellit?Howdowecontactyou?問(wèn)原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?⑥問(wèn)時(shí)間Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.Heiswell/fine.L-doubleO-K.Mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.What'sthetime?（=Whattimeisit?）It'saquartertotena.m..⑦問(wèn)地方Where'smybackpack?⑧問(wèn)顏色Whatcolorarethey?What'syourfavouritecolor?⑨問(wèn)人物Who'sthat?Whoistheboyinblue?Whoisn'tatschool?Atfiveo'clock.Let'sgoat7:00.Atfiveo'clock.Let'sgoat7:00.It'sunderthetable.Theyarelightblue.It'sblack.It'smysister.Mybrother.PeterandEmma.⑩問(wèn)東西What'sthis/that（inEnglish）?It'sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.（11）問(wèn)姓名What'syouraunt'sname?HernameisHelen./She'sHelen.Myfirstname'sBen.Myfamilyname'sSmith.What'syourfirstname?What'syourfamilyname?12問(wèn)哪一個(gè)Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.13問(wèn)字母Whatletterisit?It'sbigD/smallf.14問(wèn)價(jià)格Howmucharethesepants?They're15dollars.15問(wèn)電話(huà)號(hào)碼What'syourphonenumber?It's576-8349.16問(wèn)謂語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作）What'shedoing?He'swatchingTV.17問(wèn)職業(yè)（身份）Whatdoyoudo?I'mateacher.What'syourfather?He'sadoctor.三、時(shí)態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長(zhǎng)期性的動(dòng)作時(shí)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它有Be動(dòng)詞：She'saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn'taworker.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican'tplaythepiano.行為動(dòng)詞：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon'twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn'thaveawatch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)詞在此時(shí)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sbbev-ingsth+其它。They'relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren'tlisteningtothepopmusic.A）名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面力口s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母力y結(jié)尾的變y為i再力es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來(lái)詞）。如:radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿，potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es（s）。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子，Ch